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• iptables rules for DNS/Transparent proxy with ip exceptions

  - by SlimSCSI

  I am running a router (A Netgear WNDR3700 if that matters) with dd-wrt. For content filtering I am using OpenDNS. I wanted to make sure a user could not bypass OpenDNS by putting in their own name servers, so I have a rule to catch all DNS traffic. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -p all --dport 53 -j DNAT --to $LAN_IP I did have one computer on the network I wanted to allow past OpenDNS filters. On that machine I manually set the name servers, and created another rule to allow it to pass iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -i br0 -s 192.168.1.2 -j ACCEPT This worked well. Today, I installed a transparent proxy (squid) on the router and added these rules: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $LAN_NET -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i br0 -s ! $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to $PROXY_IP:$PROXY_PORT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp -j SNAT --to $LAN_IP iptables -I FORWARD -i br0 -o br0 -s $LAN_NET -d $PROXY_IP -p tcp --dport $PROXY_PORT -j ACCEPT This also works, however the 192.168.1.2 address does not get routed through squid. How can I have 192.168.1.2 (and maybe others in the future) by-pass the port 53 rules, but not the port 80 rules?

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• Redirect traffic from 127.0.0.1 to 127.0.0.1 on port 53 to port 5300 with iptables

  - by Zagorax

  I'm running a local dns server on port 5300 to develop a software. I need my machine to use that dns but I wasn't able to tell /etc/resolv.conf to check on a different port. I searched a bit on google and I didn't find a solution. I set 127.0.0.1 as nameserver on /etc/resolv.conf. This is my whole /etc/resolv.conf: nameserver 127.0.0.1 Could you please tell me how can I redirect outbound traffic on port 53 to another port? I tried the following but it didn't work: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 127.0.0.1:5300 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 127.0.0.1:5300 Here is the output of iptables -t nat -L -v -n (with suggested rules): Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 REDIRECT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 redir ports 5300 0 0 REDIRECT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 redir ports 5300 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 302 packets, 19213 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 302 packets, 19213 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

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• Forwarding udp ports iptables packets "lost"?

  - by Dindihi

  I have a Linux router (Debian 6.x) where i forward some ports to internal services. Some tcp ports (like 80, 22...) are OK. I have one Application listening on port 54277udp. No return is coming from this app, i only get Data on this port. Router: cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter = 1 cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/eth0/forwarding = 1 cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/ppp0/forwarding = 1 $IPTABLES -t nat -I PREROUTING -p udp -i ppp0 --dport 54277 -j DNAT --to-destination $SRV_IP:54277 $IPTABLES -I FORWARD -p udp -d $SRV_IP --dport 54277 -j ACCEPT Also MASQUERADING internal traffic to ppp0(internet) is active & working. Default Policy INPUT&OUTPUT&FORWARD is DROP What is strange, when i do: tcpdump -p -vvvv -i ppp0 port 54277 I get a lot of traffic: 18:35:43.646133 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 18:35:43.652301 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 18:35:43.653324 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 18:35:43.655795 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 18:35:43.656727 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 18:35:43.659719 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 57, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 57) source.ip > own.external.ip..54277: [udp sum ok] UDP, length 29 tcpdump -p -i eth0 port 54277 (on the same machine, the router) i get much less traffic. also on the destination $SRV_IP there are only a few packets coming in, but not all. INTERNAL SERVER: 19:15:30.039663 IP source.ip.52394 > 192.168.215.4.54277: UDP, length 16 19:15:30.276112 IP source.ip.52394 > 192.168.215.4.54277: UDP, length 16 19:15:30.726048 IP source.ip.52394 > 192.168.215.4.54277: UDP, length 16 So some udp ports are "ignored/dropped" ? Any idea what could be wrong? Edit: This is strange: The Forward rule has data packets, but the PREROUTING rule has 0 packets... iptables -nvL -t filter |grep 54277 Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) 168 8401 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.215.4 state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED udp dpt:54277 iptables -nvL -t nat |grep 54277 Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 405 packets, 24360 bytes) 0 0 DNAT udp -- ppp0 * 0.0.0.0/0 my.external.ip udp dpt:54277 state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED to:192.168.215.4

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• Transparent Squid : Logging client ip problem

  - by llazzaro

  Hello, I am using the following rules in iptables in my network to use a transparent proxy * iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -s ! squid-box -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to squid-box:3128 * iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s local-network -d squid-box -j SNAT --to iptables-box * iptables -A FORWARD -s local-network -d squid-box -i eth0 -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 3128 -j ACCEPT But my squid log, always logs gateway IP (172.16.0.1) Do you know an alternative to not lose client IP? (of course avoid saing manual proxy setup!)

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• How can I port forward with iptables?

  - by stu

  I want connections coming in on ppp0 on port 8001 to route to 192.168.1.200 on eth0 on port 8080 I've got these two rules -A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8001 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.200:8080 -A FORWARD -m state -p tcp -d 192.168.1.200 --dport 8080 --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT and it doesn't work, what am I missing?

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• Keep source IP after NAT

  - by John Miller

  Until today I used a cheapy router so I can share my internet connection and keep a webserver online too, while using NAT. Users IP ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) was fine, I was seeing class A IPs of users. But as traffic grown up everyday, I had to install a Linux Server (Debian) to share my Internet Connection, because my old router couldn't keep the traffic anymore. I shared the internet via IPTABLES using NAT, but now, after forwarding port 80 to my webserver, now instead of seeing real users IP, I see my Gateway IP (Linux Internal IP) as any user IP Address. How to solve this issue? I edited my post, so I can paste the rules I'm currently using. #!/bin/sh #I made a script to set the rules #I flush everything here. iptables --flush iptables --table nat --flush iptables --delete-chain iptables --table nat --delete-chain iptables -F iptables -X # I drop everything as a general rule, but this is disabled under testing # iptables -P INPUT DROP # iptables -P OUTPUT DROP # these are the loopback rules iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # here I set the SSH port rules, so I can connect to my server iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 513:65535 --dport 22 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 --dport 513:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # These are the forwards for 80 port iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -s 0/0 -d xx.xx.xx.xx --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.42.3:80 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -d xx.xx.xx.xx -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.42.3 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -s 192.168.42.3 --sport 80 -j ACCEPT # These are the forwards for bind/dns iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp -s 0/0 -d xx.xx.xx.xx --dport 53 -j DNAT --to 192.168.42.3:53 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -d xx.xx.xx.xx -j SNAT --to-source 192.168.42.3 iptables -A FORWARD -p udp -s 192.168.42.3 --sport 53 -j ACCEPT # And these are the rules so I can share my internet connection iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0:1 -j ACCEPT If I delete the MASQUERADE part, I see my real IP while echoing it with PHP, but I don't have internet. How to do, to have internet and see my real IP while ports are forwarded too? ** xx.xx.xx.xx - is my public IP. I hid it for security reasons.

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• How to forward OpenVPN Port to NAT'd XEN domU

  - by John

  I want to install a OpenVPN domU on XEN. Dom0 and domU are running Debian Squeeze, all domU are on a NAT'd privat network 10.0.0.1/24 My VPN-Gate is von 10.0.0.1 and running. How can I make it accessible under the dom0 public IP? I tried forwarding the port using iptables, but without any success. Here is what i did: ~ # iptables -L -n -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 1397 packets, 118K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 930 packets, 133K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif5.0 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif5.0 udp spt:68 dpt:67 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif5.0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif5.0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif3.0 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif3.0 udp spt:68 dpt:67 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif3.0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.0.0.5 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif3.0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif2.0 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif2.0 udp spt:68 dpt:67 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED PHYSDEV match --physdev-out vif2.0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * * 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 PHYSDEV match --physdev-in vif2.0 147 8236 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80 13 546 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:1194 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 1000 packets, 99240 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination ~ # iptables -L -t nat -n -v Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 324 packets, 23925 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 139 7824 DNAT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 to:10.0.0.5:80 1 42 DNAT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:1194 to:10.0.0.1:1194 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 92 packets, 5030 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 863 64983 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 180 packets, 13953 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination

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• Remote access to internal machine (ssh port-forwarding)

  - by MacUsers

  I have a server (serv05) at work with a public ip, hosting two KVM guests - vtest1 & vtest2 - in two different private network - 192.168.122.0 & 192.168.100.0 - respectively, this way: [root@serv05 ~]# ip -o addr show | grep -w inet 1: lo inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo 2: eth0 inet xxx.xxx.xx.197/24 brd xxx.xxx.xx.255 scope global eth0 4: virbr1 inet 192.168.100.1/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global virbr1 6: virbr0 inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0 # [root@serv05 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr1 xxx.xxx.xx.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 xxx.xxx.xx.62 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 I've also setup IP FORWARDing and Masquerading this way: iptables --table nat --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables --append FORWARD --in-interface virbr0 -j ACCEPT All works up to this point. If I want to remote access vtest1 (or vtest2) first I ssh to serv05 and then from there ssh to vtest1. Is there a way to setup a port forwarding so that vtest1 can be accessed directly from the outside world? This is what I probably need to setup: external_ip (tcp port 4444) -> DNAT -> 192.168.122.50 (tcp port 22) I know it's easily do'able using a SOHO router but can't figure out how can I do that on a Linux box. Any help form you guys?? Cheers!! Update: 1 Now I've made ssh to listen to both of the ports: [root@serv05 ssh]# netstat -tulpn | grep ssh tcp 0 0 xxx.xxx.xx.197:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5092/sshd tcp 0 0 xxx.xxx.xx.197:4444 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5092/sshd and port 4444 is allowed in the iptables rules: [root@serv05 sysconfig]# grep 4444 iptables -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4444 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.122.50:22 -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 4444 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4444 -j ACCEPT But I'm getting connection refused: maci:~ santa$ telnet serv05 4444 Trying xxx.xxx.xx.197... telnet: connect to address xxx.xxx.xx.197: Connection refused telnet: Unable to connect to remote host Any idea what's I'm still missing? Cheers!!

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• Is there a decent diagram of packet flow for a modern era (2.6+) iptables setup?

  - by stsquad

  I'm currently trying to debug a particularly hairy set of DNAT based iptables rules (the UDP reply never makes it back to the original requester) and I'm struggling to visualise the packet flow through all the numerous tables involved. So far Google'ing has shown me old 2.4 based ipchains ones. The netfilter site has some good text docs but is short on diagrams and a number of the external links are now dead. So is there a canonical diagram for iptables packet flow, preferably showing how NAT/Masqueraded packets are also dealt with?

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• Foraward Traffic from local machine to proxy server using iptables

  - by Vaibhav

  I am using Ubuntu Server 12.04. My IP is 192.168.4.160. I want to route the HTTP traffic generated locally from my system destined to a particular URL (say x.x.x.x) to pass through proxy server. My proxy server is 192.168.0.13:3128. I added following rule in iptables sudo iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d x.x.x.x --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.13:3128 However, this rule does not seem to work for me. I captured packet in wireshark and I saw that packet is still going to x.x.x.x I am not very much familiar with iptables, so please try to be specific. Thanks in advance

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• IP/PORT forward requests to another server

  - by DT.DTDG

  I have the following listening PORT:IP set up on my UBuntu server. 12.345.67.890:3636 It receives requests perfectly, however, I would now like to forward any requests to that IP:PORT to another IP:PORT, i.e.: 09.876.54.321:3636 Essentially I want to do a request forward 12.345.67.890:3636 -> 09.876.54.321:3636. How can I go about it in Terminal and if I wanted to change it back how can I go about that too? Is there also a way to test that the data is forwarding and it is setup properly? Thanks! Edit: Can I just do as follows, just wondering how I would go about testing it and how I could disable it? sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 3636 -j DNAT --to-destination 09.876.54.321:3636 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j MASQUERADE

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• ufw portforwarding to virtualbox guest

  - by user85116

  My goal is to be able to connect using remote desktop on my desktop machine, to windows xp running in virtualbox on my linux server. My setup: server = debian squeeze, 64 bit, with a public IP address (host) virtualbox-ose 3.2.10 (from debian repo) windows xp running inside VBox as a guest; bridged networking mode in VBox, ip = 192.168.1.100 ufw as the firewall on debian, 3 ports are opened: 22 / ssh, 80 / apache, and 3389 for remote desktop My problem: If I try to use remote desktop on my home computer, I am unable to connect to the windows guest. If I first "ssh -X -C" into the debian server, then run "rdesktop 192.168.1.100", I am able to connect without issue. The windows firewall was configured to allow remote desktop connections, and I've even turned it off (as it is redundant here) to see if that was the problem but it made no difference. Since I am able to connect from inside the local subnet, I suspect that I have not setup my debian firewall correctly to handle connections from outside the LAN. Here is what I've done... First my ufw status: ufw status Status: active To Action From -- ------ ---- 22 ALLOW Anywhere 80 ALLOW Anywhere 3389 ALLOW Anywhere I edited /etc/ufw/sysctl.conf and added: net/ipv4/ip_forward=1 Edited /etc/default/ufw and added: DEFAULT_FORWARD_POLICY="ACCEPT" Edited /etc/ufw/before.rules and added: # setup port forwarding to forward rdp to windows VM *nat :PREROUTING - [0:0] -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 3389 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.100 -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p udp --dport 3389 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.100 COMMIT # Don't delete these required lines, otherwise there will be errors *filter <snip> Restarted the firewall etc., but no connection. My log files on the debian host show this (my public ip address was removed for this posting but it is correct in the actual log): Feb 6 11:11:21 localhost kernel: [171991.856941] [UFW AUDIT] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27518 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Feb 6 11:11:21 localhost kernel: [171991.856963] [UFW ALLOW] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27518 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Feb 6 11:11:24 localhost kernel: [171994.856701] [UFW AUDIT] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27519 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Feb 6 11:11:24 localhost kernel: [171994.856723] [UFW ALLOW] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27519 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Feb 6 11:11:30 localhost kernel: [172000.856656] [UFW AUDIT] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27520 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Feb 6 11:11:30 localhost kernel: [172000.856678] [UFW ALLOW] IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 SRC=aaa.bbb.ccc.dd DST=192.168.1.100 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=45 ID=27520 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=54201 DPT=3389 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Although this is the current setup / configuration, I've also tried several variations of this; I thought maybe the ISP would be blocking 3389 for some reason and tried using different ports, but again there was no connection. Any ideas...? Did I forget to modify some file somewhere?

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• http request via iptables --to-destination ip redirect results in no response

  - by Wouter Vegter

  I have two Ubuntu servers with each having their own ip addresses. Let's call them server1 and server2, having respectively ip 1.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 I have a nginx running on server2. The sole purpose I want server1 to have is to redirect all incoming http (so port 80) requests to server2 without clients noticing that their request is being redirected. I tried the following command on server1: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 2.2.2.2 But when I enter 1.1.1.1 in my browser I get no respond: the page keeps trying to load without giving any message or error message (I get a time-out after 2-3 mins). But when I do remove the above iptables rule I immediately do get a "page not found error" when I enter 1.1.1.1 in my browser; so something is working but not as it should: when I enter 1.1.1.1 I want the html page to load that is hosted on 2.2.2.2 Because when i enter 2.2.2.2 in my browser I do see the webpage loaded. Could anyone please help me with this? I am searching quite some time (on severfault & Google) on this now so that's why I ask. Many thanks for reading my question! Update: Thank you all for you information. Unfortunately I still get no response I have the following iptables configuration: root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo iptables -t nat -L Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DNAT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www to:2.2.2.2 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination When i run tcpdump and do request via chrome to 1.1.1.1 i get the following root@ip-10-48-238-216:/home/ubuntu# sudo tcpdump -i eth0 port 80 -vv tcpdump: listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 13:56:18.346625 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 12055, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www: Flags [S], cksum 0xb398 (correct), seq 2639758575, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223672 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.346662 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 51, id 12055, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www: Flags [S], cksum 0x9ee0 (correct), seq 2639758575, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223672 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.598747 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 52, id 10138, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16387 ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www: Flags [S], cksum 0xac40 (correct), seq 2645658541, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223735 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 13:56:18.598777 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 51, id 10138, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60) 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16387 ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www: Flags [S], cksum 0x9788 (correct), seq 2645658541, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 1223735 ecr 0,nop,wscale 6], length 0 ^C 4 packets captured 4 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel the mentioned address relate to the following 212-123-161-112.ip.telfort.nl.16386 : my personal computer ww1dc1.shopreme.com.www : dns of server2 (2.2.2.2) ip-10-48-238-216.eu-west-1.compute.internal.www : amazon web services ec2 internal address of server1 (1.1.1.1) However, the tcpdump log on server2 (2.2.2.2) stays empty and I get no response back in my browser. I am able to ping from server1 to server2. And net.ipv4.ip_forward is set to 1 and so is /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward Could there be anything else that is missing?

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• How to use iptables to forward all data from an IP to a Virtual Machine

  - by jro

  OK, in an attempt to get some response, a TL;DR version. I know that the following command: iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i eth0 --dport 80 --source 1.1.1.1 -j REDIRECT --to-port 8080 ... will redirect all traffic from port 80 to port 8080. The problem is that I have to do this for every port that is to be redirected. To be future-proof, I want all ports for an IP to be redirected to a different (internal) IP, so that if one might decide to enable SSH, they can directly connect without worrying about iptables. What is needed to reliable forward all traffic from an external IP, to an internal IP, and vice versa? Extended version I've scoured the internet for this, but I never got a solid answer. What I have is one physical server (HOST), with several virtual machines (VM) that need traffic redirected to them. Just getting it to work with a single machine is enough for now. The VM's run under VirtualBox, and are set to use a host-only adapter (vboxnet0). Everything seems to work, but it is greatly lagging. Both the host (CentOS 5.6) and the guest (Ubuntu 10.04) machine are running Linux. What I did was the following: Configure the VM to have a static IP in the network of the vboxnet0 adapter. Add an IP alias to the host, registering to the dedicated (outside) IP. Setup iptables to allow traffic to come through (via sysctl). Configure iptables to DNAT and SNAT data from a given IP address to the internal address. iptables commands: sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -d $OUT_IP -I eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination $IN_IP iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s $IN_IP -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source $OUT_IP Now the site works, but is really, really slow. I'm hoping I missed something simple, but I'm out of ideas for now. Some background info: before this, the site was working with basic port forwarding. E.g. port 80 was mapped to port 8080 using iptables. In VirtualBox (having the network adapter configured as NAT), a port forwarding the other way around made things work beautifully. The problem was twofold: first, multiple ports needed to be forwarded (for admin interfaces, https, ssh, etc). Second, it only allowed one IP address to use port 80. To resolve things, multiple external IP addresses are used for different (sub)domains. Likewise, the "VirtualBox" network will contain the virtual machines: DNS Ext. IP Adapter VM "VirtalBox" IP ------------------------------------------------------------------ a.example.com 1.1.1.1 eth0:1 vm_guest_1 192.168.56.1 b.example.com 2.2.2.2 eth0:2 vm_guest_2 192.168.56.2 c.example.com 3.3.3.3 eth0:3 vm_guest_3 192.168.56.3 And so on. Put simply, the goal is to channel all traffic from a.example.com to vm_guest_1 (of put differently, from 1.1.1.1 to 192.168.56.1). And achieve this with an acceptable speed :).

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• Using a Dell DRAC virtual console through a NAT firewall

  - by jetboy

  I have two Dell Poweredge R210 servers, both running Ubuntu 10 Server x64. Server A has a Dell DRAC ILO card (on 172.16.96.91), and both the server and the DRAC use Server B as a gateway (with server B's WAN IP being xxx.xxx.xxx.xx). Server B uses the following NAT rules in IPTables to route traffic through to Server A's DRAC: *NAT --append PREROUTING --in-interface eth1 --protocol tcp --destination xxx.xxx.xxx.xx --destination-port 8019 --jump DNAT --to-destination 172.16.96.91:443 --append POSTROUTING --out-interface eth1 --jump SNAT --to-source xxx.xxx.xxx.xx This works fine for accessing Server A's DRAC via Server B, apart from the Java virtual console. This fails with the following error: com.sun.deploy.net.FailedDownloadException: Unable to load resource: https://xxx.xxx.xxx.xx:443/software/avctKVM.jar at com.sun.deploy.net.DownloadEngine.actionDownload(Unknown Source) etc. I know that the Java console uses port 5900, and possibly ports 83 and 5891. Can anyone help me in getting this working?

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• PortForwarding to IIS in Linux

  - by Simon

  Hi, I am trying to set up port forwarding on a linux box to a IIS webserver on my internal network. The web server sits on Windows 2003 Server. My linux box has eth0 - Internet connection eth1 - internal subnet (10.10.10.x) eth2 - 2nd internal subnet (129.168.0.x) dhcp interface my webserver is on the eth2 interface (192.168.0.6) I am doing port forwarding for port 80 with no avail. I use the same set of rules to port forward to a different webserver and it works. The webapplication is available on the internal network but not for external users. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 -d $PUBLIC_IP --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.6:80 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -i eth0 -o eth2 -d 192.168.0.6 --dport 80 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -o eth0 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -i eth0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE Any Ideas?

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• Proxy arp and 1:1 NAT

  - by daniel4er

  I have a Linux router with 2 NICs doing masquerade from network 192.168.0.0/24 to an ADSL router. users <----> NIC A [router] NIC B <----> INTERNET Now I'm experimenting with proxy arp on the NIC A to intercept all the IP requests in the network. I have a pool of addresses in the 192.168.0.0/24 network for this users. How can I translate, saythe IP10.0.0.64to192.168.0.64` in order to grant it internet access? I have already tried SNAT - DNAT, even I have written a NFQUEUE app to spoof the IP address with no luck.

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• howto only tunnel specific hosts route through openvpn client on tomato

  - by kcome

  I am relatively newbie in networking world although I did coding and know some sysadmin background for a long time. and here I'm only one step from my destination. The whole picture is : at home I use one LinkSys E3000 as the gateway(don't know yet if this is it's name), wireless AP and no other routing/switching devices. It serves 1 PC and 1 Mac with LAN, 1 Mac Mini + 1 iPad + 2 smartphones with WIFI. My goal is use an openvpn client on the E3000 (with tomato firmware) and make my iPad and smartphone's all WiFi traffic through it, and other devices route remain the same non-openvpn route. So far I'm able to connect openvpn client on E3000 to an openvpn server, tunnel all my devices' all traffic through that openvpn connection. What's left is howto selectively route by source IP (at least in my guessing) to the tunnel while don't bother others. I had learned some 'iptables' and 'route' in past few days however without much luck, so here comes my question. Here are some info which will help you get the structure. ifconfig -a output, some useless lines striped, and in the web interface C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 is WAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 is LAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 is 2.4G wifi AP, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A is 5G wifi AP. root@router:/tmp/home/root# ifconfig -a br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:172.200.1.43 P-t-P:172.200.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1480 Metric:1 vlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 vlan2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 wl0.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 brctl show output root@router:/tmp/home/root# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.c0c1c01ae027 no vlan1 eth1 eth2 before openvpn route-up script root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 openvpn server push PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8,route 172.20.0.1,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 172.20.0.6 172.20.0.5' openvpn's stock route-up script Apr 24 14:52:06 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/ifconfig tun11 172.20.0.6 pointopoint 172.20.0.5 mtu 1500 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 72.14.177.29 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.200.0.1 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 172.20.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.20.0.5 route after openvpn root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.20.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun11 72.14.177.29 172.200.0.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.20.0.1 172.20.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun11 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 128.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 something I had noticed and tried: * on the web interface of openvpn client there is an option "Create NAT on tunnel", if i check this, there is the following script (probably executed after openvpn connection established) root@router:/tmp/home/root# cat /tmp/etc/openvpn/fw/client1-fw.sh #!/bin/sh iptables -I INPUT -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -I FORWARD -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE if i uncheck this option, the last line will not appear. Then I guess probably the my issue will be solved by iptables and NAT related commands, I just haven't got enough knowledge to figure them out. I tried run iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.6 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE manually after openvpn connected (192.168.1.6 is the ip address of my iPad), then my iPad get internet with openvpn tunnel, however all other devices can't reach internet. in case if needed, here is the iptables about NAT root@router:/tmp/home/root# iptables -t nat -L -n Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.0/24 WANPREROUTING all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 upnp all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 SNAT all -- 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 to:192.168.1.1 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain WANPREROUTING (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:192.168.1.1 Chain upnp (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5353 to:192.168.1.3:5353 Thanks in advance for helping and read this so much, I hope i made every info you need to give a help :)

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• Windows SBS 2003 DNS taking over network

  - by Simon

  I have Windows Small Business Server 2003 premium edition on my new server box, this hosts a webapp on IIS. It has set up a DNS Server to solve requests to the webapp. I have a linux server/router that has does DNAT and portforwards port 80 to the new box. My linux router serves as a firewall and dhcp When i plug the SBS2003 server to the network, it leaves everyone on my network without web browsing, it looks like the DNS requests are going to the new server. I configured the DNS forwarders on SBS2003 to my ISP dns but it doesnt work... Is there something i am missing?

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• Forwarding MySQL connection with iptables and differents network interfaces

  - by Emilio Nicolás

  I have a PC with Ubuntu as a router. It has a 3G connection with a public IP to the Internet, and there is a private wireless subnet. So it has two active interfaces: ppp0: public IP (WAN) wlan0: private IP (LAN) With iptables I wannt to forward every MySQL connection (port 3306) to a local machine (10.42.43.10) of the subnet. I type these iptables commands: iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i ppp0 -p tcp --dport 3306 -j DNAT --to 10.42.43.10:3306 iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -i ppp0 -o wlan0 -d 10.42.43.10 --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT But it doesn't work. telnet publicip 3306 fails :-( Any help will be appreciated. Thanks!

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• Forward the Wan IP to another Wan IP without change the Source address

  - by user195410

  I have tried this case by using the NAT function in iptables but fail example. PC A IP is 1.1.1.1 (Win7) My Server IP is 2.2.2.2 (CentOS 6.2) target Server B is 3.3.3.3 (Windows server 2003) Flow: PC A WanIP -- My Server A -- Server B (WanIP) ----My iptables rules--------- iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 2.2.2.2 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 3.3.3.3:80 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d 2.2.2.2 -j MASQUERADE finally, i can access server B website by enter 2.2.2.2:80 but when i checked the access log at Server B i found it's source address had been changed to src:2.2.2.2 dst:3.3.3.3 please help me to do how to get the real address is src:1.1.1.1 dst:3.3.3.3

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• forward ssh ports on EC2

  - by Will Glass

  I have an SSH server on a private subnet within an EC2 vpc listening for ssh on port 9022 I also have a nat instance (standard Amazon EC2 nat) on a public instance. I would like to forward incoming SSH connections (port 9022) to my nat to the internal server (port 9022). I tried this, but it didn't work: sudo iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp -i eth0 --dport 9022 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.2.11:9022 I verified that 10.0.2.11 is listening on port 9022. (I can telnet). I verified my security group allows incoming port 9022. I verified that /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward is 1. What am I missing? Edit: Turns out this was correct after all. I had a mistake in my security group.

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• Help about NAT with virtual server

  - by Thanh Tran

  I have a dedicated server running Linux CentOS 5.3 with 2 IP addresses. I've installed a virtual machine using VMware Server. The host and the guest have a host-only network. Now I want to map the 2nd IP address to the virtual machine so that it can run as a second dedicated server for me. Here is what I do: modprobe iptable_nat echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t filter -A FORWARD -s 192.168.78.128 -d 64.85.164.184 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 64.85.164.184 -i eth0 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.78.128 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.78.128 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source 64.85.164.184</p> But it not working as intended. What is the matter?

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• Forward the Wan IP to another Wan IP without changing the source address

  - by user195410

  I have tried this case by using the NAT function in iptables but fail example. PC A IP is 1.1.1.1 (Win7) My Server IP is 2.2.2.2 (CentOS 6.2) target Server B is 3.3.3.3 (Windows server 2003) Flow: PC A WanIP -- My Server A -- Server B (WanIP) My iptables rules: 1. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 2.2.2.2 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 3.3.3.3:80 2. iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -d 2.2.2.2 -j MASQUERADE finally, i can access server B website by enter 2.2.2.2:80 but when i checked the access log at Server B i found it's source address had been changed to src:2.2.2.2 dst:3.3.3.3 please help me to do how to get the real address is src:1.1.1.1 dst:3.3.3.3

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• iptables: matching multiple ip addresses

  - by Tax

  Hi guys, I am working on a iptables rule to apply after my shorewall script has initialized my firewall. I want a spicific IP (10.0.1.19) address in my lan to be redirected to 10.0.64.1 except if it is going to paypal. I have the following rule, and that works like a charm iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING ! -d 1.2.3.4 -s 10.0.1.19 -j DNAT --to 10.0.64.1 My problem is that paypal uses multiple ip addresses, and I am not allowed to have multiple IP-addresses. https://ppmts.custhelp.com/cgi-bin/ppdts.cfg/php/enduser/std%5Fadp.php?p%5Ffaqid=92 On top of this problem I would like to know how to remove the rule again, without having to restart shorewall. Kind regards Tax

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