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• SAN Replication for Fault tolerance using EVA4400

  - by Sergei

  Hi Everyone, I hope that someone would point me in the correct direction - it looks like I have no enough konwledge in the subject and timeframes are too tight for me to explore different scenarios in depth.. We have two datacenters few miles away from each other connected by 100 Mbps link.Each datacenter will have 5 BL490 blades with ESX Standard hosting about 50 VMs. Eac hsite has HP eva4400 SAN with SAN replication set up.VC is going to be in the first datacenter and both datacenter are networked. SAN Replication is block level so it seems like I cannot just replicate changes but all writes would have to be replicated.This should not be a problem as link can sustain about 1.8 TB a dayand data can be buffered. I am having trouble however visioning how recovery would work in this case.We don't need instant recovery , I would say 4 hours recovery time is accepted so fancy automatic SRM like DR scenario would not be easily accepted due to the financial reasons, however any comments are welcomed. Current idea is following: replicate LUNs from primary site to the secondary.When disaster strikes, IT personnel switches on ESX hosts on the remote side and connects replicated LUNS to them, then registers VMs and changes IP address. I understand that this seems like horribly manual process and I almost sure I have missed some obvious pitfalls here. Could someone let me know what direction should I go?An articles regarding the subject? This is a brand new setup and we would rather build up basic recovery process and scale it later.I just need to have a right direction to allow for such scalability. Thank you very much in advance!

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• IPCop server slows down download speed

  - by noocyte

  I have an IPCop server running at home, been doing just fine for ~5 months, but last week I suddenly started getting time-outs and slow downloads from the 'net. I first thought that this was my ISP acting up, then I thought it might be one of my 3 switches or some of my cabling. In due order I've tested everything above and found them all to be working as they should. The only factor remaining is my IPCop server. Facts: I've got a 15/15 Mbit line (fiber) and I get ~15 Mbit upload, but only 0.5 Mbit download with the IPCop box as router (ISP router set in bridge mode). If I connect without the IPCop box (using the ISP router) I get ~12 Mbit upload and ~15 Mbit download. The load on the IPCop box appears to be light and it used to handle this traffic just fine 2 weeks ago. The memory usage is ~60%, I tried to restart it and test again, the memory fell to ~50% then (5 months of uptime). I'm thinking that one of my nics are busted, but I'm sort of perplexed that this could be the outcome; slow download but full speed upload. Anybody ever seen that happening before? Could it just be one of the nics that needs to be replaced? Will try that as soon as I can get my hands on a couple of new ones.

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• MultiPath configuration on RHEL5 and Clariion CX-300

  - by Kamil Z

  I have problem with discovering my FC-connected CX-300 storage. Frankly speaking I'm complete novice in FibreChannel, so step by step explanation would be appreciated. My configuration consist of two IBM HS20 blades with RHEL5.4 on board and 2x Qlogic ISP2422-based 4Gb Fibre Channel HBAs on each blade. As a FC switch there are two Brocades built in BladeCenter Chassis, and finally there is EMC Clariion CX-300. CX300, and Brocade switches should be configured properly, because they were working fine with previous configuration, which main defference was RHEL3 instead RHEL5.4 Below there is my output from several usefull commands: #lspci | grep Fibre 06:01.0 FibreChannle: Qlogic Corp. ISP2422-based 4Gb Fibre Channel to PCI-X HBA (rev 02) 06:01.1 FibreChannle: Qlogic Corp. ISP2422-based 4Gb Fibre Channel to PCI-X HBA (rev 02) #lsmod | grep qla qla2xxx 1084741 0 scsi_transport_fc 37577 1 qla2xxx scsi_mod 141717 10 scsi_dh,qla2xxx,sg,scsi_transport_fc,usb_storage,libata,mptspi,mptscsih,scsi_transport_spi,sd_mod #cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached Devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: LSILOGIC Model: 1030 IM IM Rev: 1000 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 02 Host: scsi0 Channel: 01 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: IBM-ESXS Model: ST936701LC FN Rev: B418 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 04 Host: scsi0 Channel: 01 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: IBM-ESXS Model: ST936701LC FN Rev: B418 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 04 I'd followed instructions from this site (editing /etc/multipath.conf), but i failed after multipath -ll - the output was empty. Do you have any suggestions about discovering FC Connected LUNs in such configuration?

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• Getting 400 Bad Request when requesting by server name on nginx/uwsgi

  - by Marc Hughes

  I'm trying to run 2 different sites on nginx via different ports (they each have a load balancer that points to the appropriate port). The first site work perfectly. The second site... If I access http://localhost:81/ it works correctly If I access http://127.0.01:81/ it works correctly If I access the hostname http://THEHOSTNAME:81/ it fails with a 400 error If I access the public IP http://x.x.x.x:81/ it fails with a 400 error I've set the error_log to info, but the only lines I get in the log when this happens is: ==> /var/log/nginx/access.log <== 10.183.38.141 - - [24/Aug/2014:21:03:28 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 400 37 "-" "curl/7.36.0" "-" ==> /var/log/nginx/error.log <== 2014/08/24 21:03:28 [info] 7029#0: *5 client 10.183.38.141 closed keepalive connection In my uwsgi log, I only see this: [pid: 6870|app: 0|req: 87/92] 10.28.23.224 () {32 vars in 380 bytes} [Sun Aug 24 21:05:21 2014] GET / => generated 26 bytes in 1 msecs (HTTP/1.1 400) 2 headers in 82 bytes (1 switches on core 2) What should be my next step in debugging this?

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• Nagios plug-in check_snmp receives NO SNMP data from a CISCO Router

  - by Shehryar

  I have tried setting up Nagios on Ubuntu 10.10, successfully installed and can login to web interface, I am however stuck on configuring snmp or I am doing something wrong here, i have followed various sites / nagios wiki to setup configuration (cfg) files. When I check on the web interface, it gives the following error on one of my cisco router: Current Status: UNKNOWN (for 0d 2h 55m 56s) Status Information: SNMP problem - No data received from host CMD: /usr/bin/snmpget -t 1 -r 5 -m RFC1213-MIB -v 1 [authpriv] 192.168.1.1:161 ifOperStatus.1 On the command-line itself, when I type the following, it just sits there waiting and waiting : sudo /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_snmp -H 192.168.1.1 -C Routers -o sysUpTime.0 When I type the following command : I get an OK /usr/bin/snmpget -v1 192.168.1.1:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 -c "Routers" I have configured SNMP properly on our cisco device as we can collect SNMP Data via two other monitoring tool (SolarWinds and Manage Engine), we are tempted towards Nagios as its opensource. Will be grateful if someone could assist in rectifying this situation and guide me with setting up nagios to monitor Cisco Routers, Switches and a Few Servers. We want to monitor Bandwidth, cpu utilization, uptime and other necessary counters. Will be grateful for your assistance Thanks for reading Shehryar

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• Performance mitigations serving content from a UNC share via IIS 6

  - by codepoke

  I have a quad processor vmware instance running Windows 2003 and 1gb ethernet. I'm comparing serving the exact same heavy .NET 2.0 content from the local hard drive versus serving it from a UNC drive. If I use WCAT to load it down, I see about a 40% reduction in transactions/sec while serving from the UNC. Processor time barely moves from 45% and the NIC sits around 40% either way. I don't see any significant memory loading either way. Context Switches/Transaction, though, more than doubles when serving from the UNC. Pathlengths more than double as well, but I believe that's just an expression of the effect of context switching. All told, it looks like the bottleneck is processor switching while waiting on content from the UNC share. Is my experience about the norm? Is there some mitigation I might try? I twiddled HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanWorkstation\Parameters\MaxCmds a little bit per http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd296694(WS.10).aspx, but to no obvious effect. I kind of doubt my problem is lack of connections, but rather just the act of switching from thread to thread while waiting on data.

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• Leopard Network Shares and browsing are unreliable

  - by EvilChookie

  I have two macs, running Leopard 10.5.8. One is the 13" MBP connected via WiFi, and the other is a 24" 2008 iMac, connected via ethernet. There are at least another 6-10 machines (windows and mac) awake on the network (with shares) at any given time, yet there are plenty of times where I cannot see any devices/shares in either my "Shared" section in Finder, nor can I see any computers in "Network" in Finder. Restarting doesn't help. I've restarted all the networking gear in the house to no avail. Our network is a series of gigabit switches connected to a D-Link gaming router. I believe we use OpenDNS, and our provider is Cox. I hate having to use "Go - Connect to Server" to browse to commonly used file shares (by IP). I'd like to know why my shares do not always and consistently appear in Leopard. Edit: I ran OnyX this morning, and performed the cleaning and maintenance operations (including disk permissions) on both my Macs, and at least one of my macs has started showing network devices again. (the other is still going). No idea how long this will last. Any ideas as to what is causing this issue, and how to prevent it? Edit 2: Aaaand there the shares go again. So running OnyX is not a permanent or reliable fix for this issue. Edit 3: After a clean reinstall and update, network shares are still unreliable. The SMBClient command mentioned in comments shows me the information it's supposed to show, but the shares do not appear in the shared section. They'll also vanish at random and reappear at random throughout the day.

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• ASUS P8B WS - Endless Reboots

  - by tuxGurl

  I am running a Intel XEON 1245 with 4GBx2 Kingston Memory ECC Unbuffered DDR3 on an ASUS P8B WS motherboard. BIOS Version 0904 x64. This system is a little over a month old. It is running Ubuntu 11.10. This evening I found the machine turned off. When I tried to restart it, it would POST and stop at the GRUB screen. When I selected Ubuntu and hit enter within 2-3 seconds the would shutdown and restart. If I stayed at the GRUB screen and did nothing the system would not cut out. I tried booting off a USB stick and again 2-3 seconds after selecting 'Try Ubuntu without Installing' the machine will cut power and reboot. Things I have tried so far: Resetting the BIOS using the on board jumper Resetting the BIOS settings to default Disconnecting all external hardware - except keyboard & monitor Booting with 1 stick of RAM - I tried different single sticks Ensured that onboard EPU and GPU boost switches are in the off position. I am running a Memtest86 right now and it has been running for 38+ minutes. This is not an OS problem or an overheating issue (I have a CoolerMaster HAF Case with 3 fans besides the CPU fan) I am at a loss as to what to try next. I think the BIOS is mis-configured somehow but I don't know what to look for.

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• Ntop monitoring - Hosts visible with no SPAN/mirroring

  - by Cory J

  I am attempting to use ntop to monitor traffic over a Cisco Catalyst switch. I was assuming that in order to see any of the traffic, I'd have to use monitor, as described here: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_tech_note09186a008015c612.shtml. Howver, before I did anything on the switch, I simply plugged my ntop server in and fired up ntop. To my suprise, I instantly see 3+ pages of hosts, and thousands of packets. How is ntop seeing this? I have verified that no monitoring exists on the switch (run as en): cs1.pvdc#show monitor No SPAN configuration is present in the system. My ntop server is Ubuntu 8.04, I haven't done ANY configuration, I just installed the ntop package. This is also a fresh Ubuntu install. Is there anything else on my switch besides "monitor" that might cause my switch to mirror all its traffic like this? I've tried plugging ntop into different ports with the same results. UPDATE: It appears to be more then just broadcast traffic showing up in ntop, for example, I can see when my IPs have talked to the DNS server or generated HTTP traffic. If my switch is misconfigured, can anyone point me in the right direction towards rectify this? Not a Cisco expert.

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• Juniper router dropping pings to external interface

  - by Alexander Garden

  My organization has a Juniper SSG20-WLAN that routes our traffic to the outside world. We've been having intermittent problems with our internet connection so I wrote up a Python script to ping the internal interface of the router, the external interface, a couple of our internal servers, the ISP router our router talks to, their upstream provider, and Google and Yahoo for good measure. It does that about every minute. What I have found is that when our internet goes out, our Juniper router ceases responding to pings on the external interface. Everything past that is, of course, unreachable. The internal interface and our internal servers continue to echo back without interruption. None of the counters indicate dropped packets of any type. They all look normal. The logs complain about VIP servers being unavailable but otherwise nothing indicative of network issues. My questions are these: Does this exonerate our ISP? Or, contrawise, might a problem with the connection be causing the external interface to go down? Is there somewhere else in the SSG20, beside the system log and counters, that might help me track down info on the problem? UPDATE: Turned out that one of the switches between my monitoring box and the router was a router itself, and occasionally diverting from the gateway to itself. Kudos to those who made suggestions along those lines. Not really sure which answer to mark as accepted, as it was really stuff in the comments that turned out to be right. Thanks for the suggestions.

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• HP Procurve Issue Passing Multiple VLANs over a link

  - by MichaelRwat

  Just to start off with I am a Cisco guy that got placed into an HP project. Basic topology overview from outside in: ASA 5505 with two Ethernet connections to a 2910-24 port switch. This switch is then (Cisco Trunking) to a 2626 switch passing vlan (1 untagged and 100 tagged)between them. I created SVI's on each of the switches for both VLAN's for testing purposes. I can not get vlan 100 to pass across this link. I also have trunks configured to AP's off of the switch and can not ping the vlan 100 BVI on the AP's but can reach the vlan 1 BVI. Port 25 on Access layer (2626) connects (trunks) with port A1 of 2610. STP is not running at all on any switch (this is not my network I can't change this nor did I design this) Distribution Sw: MP1-0# show run ip default-gateway 10.100.100.100 vlan 1 name "DATA" untagged 1-22,24-A1,B1 ip address 10.100.100.6 255.255.255.0 no untagged 23 exit vlan 100 name "GUEST" untagged 23 tagged 24-A1 ip address 10.100.102.6 255.255.255.0 exit Access Sw: ip default-gateway 10.100.100.100 vlan 1 name "DEFAULT_VLAN" untagged 1-26 ip address 10.100.100.5 255.255.255.0 exit vlan 100 name "GUEST" ip address 10.100.102.5 255.255.255.0 tagged 15,25 exitt From the ASA I can ping the vlan 100 address of the 2610 but not the 2626 (10.100.102.6)[Not passing the "trunk"] If I plug into an access port vlan 100 of the 2626 I can ping the SVI for vlan 100 as intended. I can not ping across the "trunk" over vlan 100 but I can across vlan 1. There may be something obvious I'm missing but please review my configuration and thank you for the assistance.

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• client flips between internal and external IP addresses??

  - by jmiller-miramontes

  I have what seems like a not-particularly-complicated home network, all things considered: a DSL line comes in to a modem/router, which goes off to a switch, which supports a bunch of machines. My machines live in a 192.168.0.x address space; however, I'm running some public servers on the network, so I have a block of 8 (5, really) static IP addresses that are mapped to the servers by the router. The non-servers get 192.168.0.x addresses via NAT; some machines have static addresses and some get addresses from DHCP. Locally, I'm running a DNS server (named) to map between the domain names and the 192.168 address space. Somewhat messy, but everything basically works. Except: One of my local non-server clients occasionally switches from its internal address to its external address. That is, if I check the logs of a website I'm running internally, the hits coming from this client sometimes show up with the internal 192.168 address, and sometimes with the external (216.103...) address. It will flip back and forth for no apparent reason, without my doing anything. This can be a problem in terms of how the clients interact with the way I have some of the clients' SSH systems configured (e.g., allowing access from the internal network but not the external network), but it also Just Seems Wrong. I will confess that I'm kinda skating on the very edge of my networking competence here, but I can't for the life of me figure out what's going on. If it helps, the client in question is running Mac OS X / 10.6; its address is statically assigned, is not one of the five externally-accessible addresses, and gets its DNS from (first) the internal DNS server and (second) my ISP's DNS servers. I can't swear that none of the other NAT clients are also showing this problem; the one I'm dealing with is my everyday machine, so this is where I run into it. Does anybody out there have any advice? This is driving me crazy...

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• pfsense single MAC is listed with several IP's in ARP table

  - by Tillebeck

  I have this problem: arp table filling up But I am quite sure that I cannot blame Kaspersky. Scenarie: a user plugs his computer in. He waits and waits but are getting no IP by DHCP. Then he is told there is an IP conflict... He end up assigning himself a static IP to access the net In the ARP table of the router I see: 192.168.24.144 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.145 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.181 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.150 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.151 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.152 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.156 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.157 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.159 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.160 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.130 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.132 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.164 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.137 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.140 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN 192.168.24.206 00:16:41:42:3c:9e Lenovo LAN The last .206 is the static address he gave himself. Several users descripe the exact same problem. It started after removing some filters in the switches, så all users are on a LAN and can see each other. Before, when filters blocked access to each others comptuers no one reported this kind of behavior. Any idéeas?

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• Alternatives to Splunk?

  - by MichaelGG

  I'm pretty impressed with Splunk, especially version 4. Pretty graphs, alerting (Enterprise only), and fast, accurate, searching. It's a great product. However, the cost just way too high to consider for full production use for our company. All we really need is to be able to index different logs in a central place, and have reasonable searching on that. Having alerts based on a saved search is also really nice. We don't really go beyond that. In fact, our biggest usage has been in deploying new applications. Everything gets logged via log4net to either the Event log on Windows or a text file on Linux. Splunk makes it pretty easy to quickly search across those to make sure all the parts of the app are working ok -- that's saved us tons of time versus hunting down individual logging sources. What alternatives exist in this market? I have a sinking feeling Splunk's pricing is so high because they have the best product by far, and they know it. We want the server to run on Windows. I'd be open to a split model, using one product for general logs (collect via syslog/Snare), and a dedicated product for our custom apps (like Log4Net Dashboard). Would using a simple syslog server such as Kiwi, sent to SQL Server (perhaps with fulltext enabled) work? I'd hope the cost should be well under 5 figures, USD. (And yes, I know, we're cheap. We're a startup with little money, and BizSpark takes care of all our MS licensing.) Edit: I should add, we have about 10 physical servers, 20 VMs, and a couple firewalls and switches. 90% is Windows.

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• Virtual bridged networking with VLAN, could not ping

  - by v.yegy

  I require a virtual network with VLAN be build between two virtual hosts - which can be (lxc/ vbox -ubuntu or win xp). I tried with lxc and vbox with Ubuntu and was finding difficult to make it work without vlan, but was successful with vbox with xp. vbox-xp1 --- br1 ---------------- br2 ---- vbox-xp2 The config is: brctl addbr br1; brctl addbr br2 ifconfig br1 up; ifconfig br2 up stp br1 off; stp br2 off ip link add name br1-br2-l0 type veth peer name br1-br2-l1 sudo brctl addif br1 br1-br2-l0 sudo brctl addif br2 br1-br2-l1 vbox - xp 1 and 2 with network ; bridged and br1 and br2 respectively. The adapter is intel PRO/1000 MT Server and driver installed in guests. Configured IPs and two hosts pinged! VLAN config: ip link add link br1 name br1-2.5 type vlan id 5 brctl addif br2 br1-2.5 create vlan 5 in xp 1 and 2 and assign ip address Ping on with this config does not work. Wireshark trace on interface br1-br2-l1 / br1-2.5 shows that one ping results in ~240 ping packets and each growing by 4 bytes - first one being correct and 60, ping does not reach other host as I see mac is not learnt[arp -a]. -- if br1-2.5 is not configured, I see untagged packets in br1-br2-l1/0, but still not reaching other host as mac is not learnt. if br1-br2-l0/1 is made down, even if br1-2.5 is up, I count not see any packets. I tried with ebtables, but still could not make a correct config to work. -- If any one here are aware of any configuration, please let me know. I need to make a network of switches. Seems I have a very long way. Sorry for a very long question. Thanks and regards, vy

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• What is optimal hardware configuration for heavy load LAMP application

  - by Piotr K.

  I need to run Linux-Apache-PHP-MySQL application (Moodle e-learning platform) for a large number of concurrent users - I am aiming 5000 users. By concurrent I mean that 5000 people should be able to work with the application at the same time. "Work" means not only do database reads but writes as well. The application is not very typical, since it is doing a lot of inserts/updates on the database, so caching techniques are not helping to much. We are using InnoDB storage engine. In addition application is not written with performance in mind. For instance one Apache thread usually occupies about 30-50 MB of RAM. I would be greatful for information what hardware is needed to build scalable configuration that is able to handle this kind of load. We are using right now two HP DLG 380 with two 4 core processors which are able to handle much lower load (typically 300-500 concurrent users). Is it reasonable to invest in this kind of boxes and build cluster using them or is it better to go with some more high-end hardware? I am particularly curious how many and how powerful servers are needed (number of processors/cores, size of RAM) what network equipment should be used (what kind of switches, network cards) any other hardware, like particular disc storage solutions, etc, that are needed Another thing is how to put together everything, that is what is the most optimal architecture. Clustering with MySQL is rather hard (people are complaining about MySQL Cluster, even here on Stackoverflow).

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• 1000Base-X layer 2/MAC address details

  - by user69971

  A layer 2 Ethernet frame is sent with a source and destination MAC address. Given a 100Base-TX (copper) trunk between two Cisco switches, I can do a "show interface fa 0/0" on S1 to see the MAC address assigned to the trunking interface, then go to Switch2 and do a "show mac address-table" and find the MAC address of the S1 fa 0/0 interface as a dynamically learned MAC in the table. Given a similar setup with a 1000Base-X (fiber GBIC) trunk, the MAC address shown in "show interface gi 0/0" on S1 does not show up in the MAC address-table of S2. Everything I can find online indicates that 1000Base-X uses largely the same layer 2 format as copper connections. There's some slight alterations - minimum frame size is slightly larger - but the fundamentals of the frame structure appear to be the same, including transmission with a source and destination L2 address. Why doesn't the address of gi 0/0 show up in the MAC address table of the connection switch? The only thing which seems to make sense would be that the GBIC has its own MAC address, almost as if its acting as a mini 2-port switch or hub, with the switch-assigned MAC address showing up on the interface connection and a different MAC address assigned to the fiber side. If this is the case, is there any way to see the GBIC MAC address on the switch? (I've tried to look up the details in IEEE 802.3z but it doesn't seem to be available without an IEEE membership or purchasing the standard. I find the base 802.3 PDFs for download, but not 802.3z.)

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• INFORMIX - listener thread err 25582

  - by Samuel Lao

  I´ve been digging different forums in the last 7 days looking for a possible solution.... Our database is based on informix running in a Linux server (LINUX SUSE 11). Suddenly, last saturday informix began to show an error message: listener-thread err=-25582 oserr=0, network connection is broken End users started to call reporting about slow network performance to this server, moments where the database application lost connection with server...so we proceeded doing a ping to the db server, getting good responses (1ms) without losing packets. I tried typing telnet (ipserver) 1526 which is informix's port for the application, it works. We had to disconnect the server and enable a backup db server which is located on another branch. It has been working in a regular way because the backup server hasn´t good specs (it is an old dell server model). So, I scanned the main server looking for viruses using Trend Micro Server Protect, it didn´t find anything (0 viruses and spywares). I revised the switches and routers, but I haven´t find anything strange... What else could be ? Thanks in advanced for your time and help with this issue.....I would really appreciate any advice...

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• Apache doesn't immediately notice a change in the document root

  - by Tom

  We use capistrano for website deployments and our Apache document root is a symlink to a particular code release. The deployment procedure switches the symlink from the old release to the new release as the final step of the deployment. We are migrating our webservers from real servers running RHEL 5.6 to Amazon EC2 virtual machines running Ubuntu 11.10 and the new servers are suffering from a problem where Apache doesn't immediately notice the change to it's document root when the symlink is switched. It can take a second or so (and I think I've even seen it take a couple of minutes). It's kind of like Apache has cached the physical path of the symlink for some time. Does anyone know some Apache settings I could look at to get it to "scan" for changes to it's served files quicker. Thoughts: I read that the disks on virtual machines are much slower (since they are network attached storage). Perhaps the filesystem cache somehow works differently too? If so, is there anything that can be done? The website runs PHP code. Perhaps there is some PHP config differences between RHEL and Ubuntu? I checked realpath_cache_ttl but both servers have it commented out: e.g. ; Duration of time, in seconds for which to cache realpath information for a given ; file or directory. For systems with rarely changing files, consider increasing this ; value. ; http://www.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.realpath-cache-ttl ;realpath_cache_ttl = 120 We do use the APC opcode cache but don't think it's the issue due to experimentation. The PHP code is in different file paths for each deployment and we ensure stat=1. Here is a similar question that is very interesting: 294107 - but doesn't provide an answer for me. One solution would be to reload Apache everytime we modify the document root symlink. I'll do this if we can't find another solution.

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• Tips on setting up a virtual lab for self-learning networking topics

  - by Harry

  I'm trying to self-learn the following topics on Linux (preferably Fedora): Network programming (using sockets API), especially across proxies and firewalls Proxies (of various kinds like transparent, http, socks...), Firewalls (iptables) and 'basic' Linux security SNAT, DNAT Network admininstration power tools: nc, socat (with all its options), ssh, openssl, etc etc. Now, I know that, ideally, it would be best if I had 'enough' number of physical nodes and physical network equipment (routers, switches, etc) for this self-learning exercise. But, obviously, don't have the budget or the physical space, nor want to be wasteful -- especially, when things could perhaps be simulated/emulated in a Linux environment. I have got one personal workstation, which is a single-homed Fedora desktop with 4GB memory, 200+ GB disk, and a 4-core CPU. I may be able to get 3 to 4 additional low-end Fedora workstations. But all of these -- including mine -- will always remain strictly behind our corporate firewall :-( Now, I know I could use VirtualBox-based virtual nodes, but don't know if there are any better alternatives disk- and memory- footprint-wise. Would you be able to give me some tips or suggestions on how to get started setting up this little budget- and space-constrained 'virtual lab' of mine? For example, how would I create virtual routers? Has someone attempted this sort of thing before: namely, creating a virtual network lab behind a corporate firewall for learning/development/testing purposes? I hope my question is not vague or too open-ended. Basically, right now, I don't know how to best leverage the Linux environment and the various 'goodies' it comes with, and buying physical devices only when it is absolutely necessary.

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• Mountain Lion overheating issue have to do with launchd/Python?

  - by Christopher Jones

  So, Ever since I installed ML, my MacBook Air has been running SUPER hot. Opened up activity monitor, and everything seemed to be pretty normal, until I had it refresh every .5 seconds... and then I started seeing some interesting things. A 'Python' process appears and is terminated several times a second, and uses TONS of CPU 70-110. It's parent process is 'launchd' - and when I sample the process, there is a lot going on with Python. http://db.tt/ovuX3hZM These appear and disappear too quickly to get one... this one only happened to be using 70 ish percent of CPU... but they consistently hit 100-110%. http://db.tt/ovuX3hZMg The parent process... launchd. lots of context switches and UNIX system calls... What is the deal here? (photo goes here when I earn the street cred) The sample of launchd. ANY help here could be of help to not only me, but possibly many others experiencing decreased battery life and warmer laps these days because of this Mountain Lion weirdness. PLEASE HELP! PS - I'd put the screen grabs inline, but i don't have enough street cred yet.

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• Does water damage a fiber optic / cat5 cable

  - by chris

  One of the buildings I support recently had an adventure with a broken fire sprinkler. Lots of water everywhere. One of the "drains" the water used was the vertical risers between network closets. The cable plant in this building has bundles of cat5e as well as conduit with bundles of multimode fiber optic cables. The fiber is standard multi strand plenum rated stuff that terminates in boxes that have the patches to the switches. As far as I can tell, no water got near the ends of the cables (fiber or copper) but the conduit was saturated, and is likely still saturated because there isn't any air flow to dry the cables out. My gut reaction is that while it didn't do the cables any favors, it likely also isn't going to cause any problems. A little more reading / googling around leads me to believe that the water may cause problems down the road. Some pretty pictures so everyone knows what I'm talking about: Fiber conduit: Vertical riser, going down: Vertical riser, going up: Does anyone have any experience with this sort of damage and how to deal with it? Should we just ask the insurance adjuster to add "pull new structured cable" to the list of things to be replaced? And, if the opinion is "replace it because it'll start failing randomly over time" please include links that describe the specific failure modes, so I've got some ammo to use with the adjuster.

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• nVidia performance with newer X and newer driver abysmal with Compiz

  - by Nakedible

  I recently upgraded Debian to Xorg 2.9.4 and installed nvidia-glx from experimental, version 260.19.21. This was somewhat of an uphill battle as the dependencies for the experimental nvidia-glx package are still somewhat broken. I got it to work without forcing the installation of any packages and without modifying the packages. However, after the upgrade compiz performance has been abysmal. I am using the desktop wall plugin and switching viewports is really slow - takes a few seconds for each switch. In addition to this, every effect that compiz does, such as zoom animations for icons when launching applications, takes seconds. The viewport switching speed changes relative to the amount of windows on that virtual screen - empty screens switch almost at normal speed, single browser windows work almost decently, but just 4 rxvt terminals slows the switches down to a crawl. My compiz configuration should be pretty basic. Xorg is likewise configured without anything special - the only "custom" configuration is forcing the driver name to be "nvidia". I've fiddled around with the nvidia-settings and compizconfig trying different VSync settings, but none of those helped. My graphics card is: NVIDIA GPU NVS 3100M (GT218) at PCI:1:0:0 (GPU-0). This is laptop GPU that is from the Geforce GTX 200 series. Graphics card performance should naturally be no problem.

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• USB To Serial under OpenSuse 11.3

  - by Exsisto

  I have a LogiLink USB-To-Serial adapter. This has the PL2303 chip inside. When I insert the device: [26064.927083] usb 7-1: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 9 [26065.076090] usb 7-1: New USB device found, idVendor=067b, idProduct=2303 [26065.076099] usb 7-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0 [26065.076105] usb 7-1: Product: USB-Serial Controller [26065.076110] usb 7-1: Manufacturer: Prolific Technology Inc. [26065.079181] pl2303 7-1:1.0: pl2303 converter detected [26065.091296] usb 7-1: pl2303 converter now attached to ttyUSB0 So the device is recognized and the converter is attached to ttyUSB0. When I do screen /dev/ttyUSB0 9600 I get the error: bash: /dev/ttyUSB0: Permission denied So I went looking in the file permissions. ls -l from the /dev folder reports: crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 188, 0 2011-04-26 15:47 ttyUSB0 I added my user lars to the dialout group. When I use the commands groups under lars it shows that I'm in the group. Though I still recieve the permissions denied error, as lars, and as root. I'm trying to connect to a console cable to configure some Cisco switches. My OS is OpenSuse 11.3 x86_64 with kernel version 2.6.34.7-0.7-desktop.

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• suggestions for firewall/router project using *BSD or Linux

  - by Adeodatus

  Hi All, I have a project in mind and I'd love to hear some ideas on some open source solutions with COTS hardware. I have a few 24 and/or 48 port managed layer2 switches with customers potentially on each port (though its usually about 20-30). Right now the switch has a bridged network and backhaul the traffic to our core to a centralized DHCP server. I need to move them to a NAT solution and, while doing this, I'd like to protect the customers on each port from the customer traffic on the other ports. I also need to be able to port forward from the public side of the firewall/nat box to specific hardware on the inside of the nat machine (easy enough, I know). My first thoughts are to build an appliance-like box (the fewer moving parts the better) that can do filtering and NAT with rfc1918 an address range being handed out via a DHCP server on the appliance. A caching DNS server on the appliance would be a plus since we backhaul everything to the core. I'd like to run FreeBSD but I'm open. Now, to try to limit the broadcast traffic thats visible I was thinking of doing each port on the switch as a different vlan and have the switch do trunking to the private NIC on the FreeBSD/appliance. I'd probably need to do some magic on the freebsd NIC to get this working but it should. We have the parts to build these systems. So, does this make sense? Are there any other solutions out there that we don't have to spend money on but can use our parts to create something? Are there any good distros that could do this already (monowall)?? I may or may not admin this solution so a secure web configuration and management tool would be a plus in the other admins' minds. Thoughts?

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