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  • Help me understand Inorder Traversal without using recursion

    - by vito
    I am able to understand preorder traversal without using recursion, but I'm having a hard time with inorder traversal. I just don't seem to get it, perhaps, because I haven't understood the inner working of recursion. This is what I've tried so far: def traverseInorder(node): lifo = Lifo() lifo.push(node) while True: if node is None: break if node.left is not None: lifo.push(node.left) node = node.left continue prev = node while True: if node is None: break print node.value prev = node node = lifo.pop() node = prev if node.right is not None: lifo.push(node.right) node = node.right else: break The inner while-loop just doesn't feel right. Also, some of the elements are getting printed twice; may be I can solve this by checking if that node has been printed before, but that requires another variable, which, again, doesn't feel right. Where am I going wrong? I haven't tried postorder traversal, but I guess it's similar and I will face the same conceptual blockage there, too. Thanks for your time! P.S.: Definitions of Lifo and Node: class Node: def __init__(self, value, left=None, right=None): self.value = value self.left = left self.right = right class Lifo: def __init__(self): self.lifo = () def push(self, data): self.lifo = (data, self.lifo) def pop(self): if len(self.lifo) == 0: return None ret, self.lifo = self.lifo return ret

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  • Intel Assembly Programming

    - by Kay
    class MyString{ char buf[100]; int len; boolean append(MyString str){ int k; if(this.len + str.len>100){ for(k=0; k<str.len; k++){ this.buf[this.len] = str.buf[k]; this.len ++; } return false; } return true; } } Does the above translate to: start: push ebp ; save calling ebp mov ebp, esp ; setup new ebp push esi ; push ebx ; mov esi, [ebp + 8] ; esi = 'this' mov ebx, [ebp + 14] ; ebx = str mov ecx, 0 ; k=0 mov edx, [esi + 200] ; edx = this.len append: cmp edx + [ebx + 200], 100 jle ret_true ; if (this.len + str.len)<= 100 then ret_true cmp ecx, edx jge ret_false ; if k >= str.len then ret_false mov [esi + edx], [ebx + 2*ecx] ; this.buf[this.len] = str.buf[k] inc edx ; this.len++ aux: inc ecx ; k++ jmp append ret_true: pop ebx ; restore ebx pop esi ; restore esi pop ebp ; restore ebp ret true ret_false: pop ebx ; restore ebx pop esi ; restore esi pop ebp ; restore ebp ret false My greatest difficulty here is figuring out what to push onto the stack and the math for pointers. NOTE: I'm not allowed to use global variables and i must assume 32-bit ints, 16-bit chars and 8-bit booleans.

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  • Is there some advantage to filling a stack with nils and interpreting the "top" as the last non-nil value?

    - by dwilbank
    While working on a rubymonk exercise, I am asked to implement a stack with a hard size limit. It should return 'nil' if I try to push too many values, or if I try to pop an empty stack. My solution is below, followed by their solution. Mine passes every test I can give it in my IDE, while it fails rubymonk's test. But that isn't my question. Question is, why did they choose to fill the stack with nils instead of letting it shrink and grow like it does in my version? It just makes their code more complex. Here's my solution: class Stack def initialize(size) @max = size @store = Array.new end def pop empty? ? nil : @store.pop end def push(element) return nil if full? @store.push(element) end def size @store.size end def look @store.last end private def full? @store.size == @max end def empty? @store.size == 0 end end and here is the accepted answer class Stack def initialize(size) @size = size @store = Array.new(@size) @top = -1 end def pop if empty? nil else popped = @store[@top] @store[@top] = nil @top = @top.pred popped end end def push(element) if full? or element.nil? nil else @top = @top.succ @store[@top] = element self end end def size @size end def look @store[@top] end private def full? @top == (@size - 1) end def empty? @top == -1 end end

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  • Intel IA-32 Assembly

    - by Kay
    I'm having a bit of difficulty converting the following java code into Intel IA-32 Assembly: class Person() { char name [8]; int age; void printName() {...} static void printAdults(Person [] list) { for(int k = 0; k < 100; k++){ if (list[k].age >= 18) { list[k].printName(); } } } } My attempt is: Person: push ebp; save callers ebp mov ebp, esp; setup new ebp push esi; esi will hold name push ebx; ebx will hold list push ecx; ecx will hold k init: mov esi, [ebp + 8]; mov ebx, [ebp + 12]; mov ecx, 0; k=0 forloop: cmp ecx, 100; jge end; if k>= 100 then break forloop cmp [ebx + 4 * ecx], 18 ; jl auxloop; if list[k].age < 18 then go to auxloop jmp printName; printName: auxloop: inc ecx; jmp forloop; end: pop ecx; pop ebx; pop esi; pop ebp; Is my code correct? NOTE: I'm not allowed to use global variables.

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  • How can I create a new Person object correctly in Javascript?

    - by TimDog
    I'm still struggling with this concept. I have two different Person objects, very simply: ;Person1 = (function() { function P (fname, lname) { P.FirstName = fname; P.LastName = lname; return P; } P.FirstName = ''; P.LastName = ''; var prName = 'private'; P.showPrivate = function() { alert(prName); }; return P; })(); ;Person2 = (function() { var prName = 'private'; this.FirstName = ''; this.LastName = ''; this.showPrivate = function() { alert(prName); }; return function(fname, lname) { this.FirstName = fname; this.LastName = lname; } })(); And let's say I invoke them like this: var s = new Array(); //Person1 s.push(new Person1("sal", "smith")); s.push(new Person1("bill", "wonk")); alert(s[0].FirstName); alert(s[1].FirstName); s[1].showPrivate(); //Person2 s.push(new Person2("sal", "smith")); s.push(new Person2("bill", "wonk")); alert(s[2].FirstName); alert(s[3].FirstName); s[3].showPrivate(); The Person1 set alerts "bill" twice, then alerts "private" once -- so it recognizes the showPrivate function, but the local FirstName variable gets overwritten. The second Person2 set alerts "sal", then "bill", but it fails when the showPrivate function is called. The new keyword here works as I'd expect, but showPrivate (which I thought was a publicly exposed function within the closure) is apparently not public. I want to get my object to have distinct copies of all local variables and also expose public methods -- I've been studying closures quite a bit, but I'm still confused on this one. Thanks for your help.

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  • Formvalidator from the iframe.

    - by basit74
    Hello I have a following formvalidatior function in my document. function formValidator(formid) { var form = cic.$(formid); if(!form) return (''); var errors = []; var len = form.elements.length; for(var elementIdx = 0; elementIdx < len; elementIdx++) { var element = form.elements[elementIdx]; if(!element && !element.getAttribute('validationtype')) return (''); switch (element.getAttribute('validationtype')) { case 'text' : if(cic.getValue(element).strip() == "") errors.push(element.getAttribute('validationmsg')); break; case 'email' : if(!cic.isEmail(cic.getValue(element))) errors.push(element.getAttribute('validationmsg')); break; case 'numeric' : if(isNaN(cic.getValue(element).replace(',', '.'))) errors.push(element.getAttribute('validationmsg')); break; case 'confirm' : if(cic.getValue(cic.$(element.getAttribute('sourcefield'))) !== cic.getValue(element)) errors.push(element.getAttribute('validationmsg')); break; } } return (errors.length > 0) ? '<li>' + errors.uniq().join("<li>") : ''; } It works fine, now I have an Iframe in my document, and that I frame contains the form to validate. What will be the best practice to change this function in such a way that it can validate document forms and iframe from simeltaniously. Thanks

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  • How do you prevent Git from printing 'remote:' on each line of the output of a post-recieve hook?

    - by Matt Hodan
    I recently configured an EC2 instance with a Git deployment workflow that resembles Heroku, but I can't seem to figure out how Heroku prevents the Git post-receive hook from outputting 'remote:' on each line. Consider the following two examples (one from my EC2 project and one from a Heroku project): My EC2 project: git push prod master Counting objects: 9, done. Delta compression using up to 2 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done. Writing objects: 100% (5/5), 456 bytes, done. Total 5 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0) remote: remote: Receiving push remote: Deploying updated files (by resetting HEAD) remote: HEAD is now at bf17da8 test commit remote: Running bundler to install gem dependencies remote: Fetching source index for http://rubygems.org/ remote: Installing rake (0.8.7) remote: Installing abstract (1.0.0) ... remote: Installing railties (3.0.0) remote: Installing rails (3.0.0) remote: Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./.bundle/gems remote: Launching (by restarting Passenger)... done remote: To ssh://[email protected]/~/apps/app_name e8bd06f..bf17da8 master -> master Heroku: $> git push heroku master Counting objects: 179, done. Delta compression using up to 2 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (89/89), done. Writing objects: 100% (105/105), 42.70 KiB, done. Total 105 (delta 53), reused 0 (delta 0) -----> Heroku receiving push -----> Rails app detected -----> Gemfile detected, running Bundler version 1.0.3 Unresolved dependencies detected; Installing... Using --without development:test Fetching source index for http://rubygems.org/ Installing rake (0.8.7) Installing abstract (1.0.0) ... Installing railties (3.0.0) Installing rails (3.0.0) Your bundle is complete! It was installed into ./.bundle/gems Compiled slug size is 4.8MB -----> Launching... done http://your_app_name.heroku.com deployed to Heroku To [email protected]:your_app_name.git 3bf6e8d..642f01a master -> master

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  • Git from localhost to remotehost with a team of three

    - by Mark McDonnell
    Hi, I'm completely new to Git. I've only just worked out how to use Github in a basic way (e.g. push my local file changes to Github - so I've not done 'pulling' down of content from Github and 'merging' it into my localhost version or anything like that). I had a look over at this existing question - Git: localhost remote development remote production - but I think it may have been a bit advanced for me at this stage as I didn't quite understand the terminology that most of the people were using. What I would like to achieve is to have a local server set-up that my team of developers can all 'push' to/'pull' from etc. And then have that local server upload any updated files automatically to our web server so we could see the updates live in the browser. I'm happy to get a server set-up in the office running Mac OSX Server and then installing Git on it and then getting the devs to write a shell script to push to the remote server but only if it was fairly easy for the devs local git to push to this new local server. I'm not a network engineer so I don't know what would need to be set-up for that to work, I know obviously we could set-up the server to be accessible via a local ip address like 192.168.0.xxx but not sure how that works with pushing to a git repository on that server? Would that literally be something like doing this on my local machine: git remote add MyGitFile git://192.168.0.xxx/MyGitFile.git ? Any ideas or advice you can give to a total Git newbie trying to help his team get a better work flow. Kind regards, Mark

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  • How do you organise multiple git repositories?

    - by dbr
    With SVN, I had a single big repository I kept on a server, and checked-out on a few machines. This was a pretty good backup system, and allowed me easily work on any of the machines. I could checkout a specific project, commit and it updated the 'master' project, or I could checkout the entire thing. Now, I have a bunch of git repositories, for various projects, several of which are on github. I also have the SVN repository I mentioned, imported via the git-svn command.. Basically, I like having all my code (not just projects, but random snippets and scripts, some things like my CV, articles I've written, websites I've made and so on) in one big repository I can easily clone onto remote machines, or memory-sticks/harddrives as backup. The problem is, since it's a private repository, and git doesn't allow checking out of a specific folder (that I could push to github as a separate project, but have the changes appear in both the master-repo, and the sub-repos) I could use the git submodule system, but it doesn't act how I want it too (submodules are pointers to other repositories, and don't really contain the actual code, so it's useless for backup) Currently I have a folder of git-repos (for example, ~/code_projects/proj1/.git/ ~/code_projects/proj2/.git/), and after doing changes to proj1 I do git push github, then I copy the files into ~/Documents/code/python/projects/proj1/ and do a single commit (instead of the numerous ones in the individual repos). Then do git push backupdrive1, git push mymemorystick etc So, the question: How do your personal code and projects with git repositories, and keep them synced and backed-up?

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  • Pushing a local mercurial repository to a remote server or cloning at server from local

    - by Samaursa
    I have a local repository that I have now decided to push to a remote server (for example, I have a host that allows mercurial repositories and I am also trying to push to bitbucket). The repository has a lot of files and is a little more than 200mb. Locally, I am able to clone the repository without problems. Now I have a lot of changes in this repository, and I have wasted a couple of days trying to figure out how to get the remote server to clone my repository. I cannot get hg serve to work outside of the LAN. I have tried everything. So instead, I created a new repository at the remote servers (both at the host and bitbucket) with nothing in it. Now I am pushing the complete repository that I have locally to these remote locations. So far it has been unsuccessful, as the push operation is stuck on searching for changes and does not give me any other useful output. I have let it go for about an hour with no change. Now my questions is, what am I doing wrong as far as hg serve is concerned? I can access it locally but not remotely (through DynDns - I have configured it properly and the router forwards the ports correctly) so that I can get the server to clone the repository the first time after which I will be pushing to it. My second question is, assuming the clone at server does not work (for example, if I was to push my current repository to bitbucket), is creating an empty repository at the server and then pushing a local repository to the new remote repository ok? Is that the source of the searching for changes problem? Any help in this regard would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Building Active Record Conditions in an array - private method 'scan' called error

    - by Nick
    Hi, I'm attempting to build a set of conditions dynamically using an array as suggested in the first answer here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1658990/one-or-more-params-in-model-find-conditions-with-ruby-on-rails. However I seem to be doing something incorrectly and I'm not sure if what I'm trying is fundamentally unsound or if I'm simply botching my syntax. I'm simplifying down to a single condition here to try to illustrate the issue as I've tried to built a simple Proof of concept along these lines before layering on the 5 different condition styles I'm contending with. This works: excluded.push 12 excluded.push 30 @allsites = Site.all(:conditions => ["id not in (?)", excluded]) This results in a private method 'scan' called error: excluded.push 12 excluded.push 30 conditionsSet << ["id not in (?)", excluded] @allsites = Site.all(:conditions => conditionsSet) Thanks for any advice. I wasn't sure if the proper thing was to put this as a followup item to the related question/answers I noted at the top. Since I've got a problem not an answer. If there is a better way to post this related to the existing post please let me know.

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  • How do you hidden/show particular context menu item in flex?

    - by R.Vijayakumar
    var contextMenu:ContextMenu = new ContextMenu(); contextMenu.hideBuiltInItems(); var contactList : ContextMenuItem = new ContextMenuItem("Add to Existing List"); contactList.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU_ITEM_SELECT, doStaticListCommand); var newContactList : ContextMenuItem = new ContextMenuItem("Add a New List"); newContactList.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU_ITEM_SELECT, doNewStaticListCommand); var removeContactList : ContextMenuItem = new ContextMenuItem("Remove contact from List"); removeContactList.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU_ITEM_SELECT, doRemoveListCommand); var deletecontact:ContextMenuItem = new ContextMenuItem("Delete contact"); deletecontact.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU_ITEM_SELECT, dodeleteconactCommand); var TimeList : ContextMenuItem = new ContextMenuItem("Add Time Spent"); TimeList.addEventListener(ContextMenuEvent.MENU_ITEM_SELECT, doTimeListCommand); contextMenu.customItems.push(contactList); contextMenu.customItems.push(newContactList); contextMenu.customItems.push(deletecontact); contextMenu.customItems.push(removeContactList); In flex i done contex menu , if i rigt click then show context menu item but i want to hidden particular context menu item in list , is it possiable hidden and show particular items in context menu ? please refer me

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  • Google Anlytics event not firing

    - by yar1
    I am not getting and event data in GA. I installed Google Analytics Debugger Chrome extension and I see nothing happening (same goes when looking at Network panel in developer tools). I Googled it and read many (many) other answers and it looks like I'm doing things right. Page views, etc. are registering correctly... I have this code as the last thing before my closing tag: <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-MYREALCODE', 'mybna.net'); ga('send', 'pageview'); var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-MYREALCODE']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); </script> My event handlers are done using jQuery, all inside an external js file, loaded before the closing tag. For example: $(function () { $('#show-less').click(function (e) { pbr.showHideMore(e); _gaq.push(['_trackEvent', 'ShowMore', 'Hide', 'top button']); }); }); Any ideas anyone?

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  • Entity framework createquery question.

    - by Tony Heflin
    I am trying to create a generic search form to use in an EF app. I want to be ably to specify the entity to query at runtime below is a simplified version of the code. cx is the contect object, valuelists is the entity in question. 1: Dim q As String = "select c from intactentities.valuelists as c" 2: Dim x = cx.CreateQuery(Of ValueLists)(q) 3: TextBox1.Text = x.Count This works but I need to remove the hardcoded reference to valuelists in line 3. I expect I am overlooking something simple can anyone suggest a simple solution? Thanks Tony

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  • Why does UIWebKit throw a structuralComplexityContribution exception?

    - by Axeva
    I've got a simple UIWebView in my iPhone app that's loading a XHTML document with some SGV embeded. This all works find on the desktop version of Safari, but it crashes in a UIWebView. Here is the Objective C: NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"html"]; NSData *fileData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile: path]; [svgView loadData: fileData MIMEType: @"text/xml" textEncodingName: @"UTF-8" baseURL: [NSURL fileURLWithPath: path]]; I also tried a MIMEType of application/xhtml+xml, but it didn't help. Here is the HTML: <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title>XTech SVG Demo</title> </head> <body> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <g style="fill-opacity:0.7;"> <circle cx="6.5cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:red; stroke:black; stroke-width:0.1cm" transform="translate(0,50)" /> <circle cx="6.5cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:blue; stroke:black; stroke-width:0.1cm" transform="translate(70,150)" /> <circle cx="6.5cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:green; stroke:black; stroke-width:0.1cm" transform="translate(-70,150)"/> </g> </svg> </body> </html> All very basic stuff. When it loads on the iPhone, however, it crashes with this error: 2010-03-31 10:37:10.252 ColorDoodle[2014:20b] -[DOMElement structuralComplexityContribution]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3e51b60 2010-03-31 10:37:10.253 ColorDoodle[2014:20b] Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: ' -[DOMElement structuralComplexityContribution]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3e51b60' Any idea why? Is this a bug in the rendering engine of the UIWebView? I don't see anything too odd here. * Updated * There is definitely something screwy going on here. If I add this bit of code just inside the tag, it works fine: <form> </form> Take that code back out, and it crashes again.

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  • Issue with angular gradient algorithm

    - by user146780
    I have an angular gradient algorithm: GLuint OGLENGINEFUNCTIONS::CreateAngularGradient( std::vector<ARGBCOLORF> &input,POINTFLOAT start, POINTFLOAT end, int width, int height ) { std::vector<GLubyte> pdata(width * height * 4); float pi = 3.1415; float cx; float cy; float r1; float r2; float ang; float px; float py; float t; cx = start.x; cy = start.y; r1 = 0; r2 = 500; ang = end.x / 100; ARGBCOLORF color; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < height; i++) { for (unsigned int j = 0; j < width; j++) { px = j; py = i; if( px * px + py * py <= r2 * r2 && px * px + py * py >= r1 * r1 ) { t= atan2(py-cy,px-cx) + ang; t= t+ pi; if (t > 2* pi) { t=t-2*pi; t=t/(2*pi); } } //end + start color.r = (0 * t) + (120 * (1 - t)); color.g = (50 * t) + (255 * (1 - t)); color.b = (0 * t) + (50 * (1 - t)); color.a = (255 * t) + (200 * (1 - t)); pdata[i * 4 * width + j * 4 + 0] = (GLubyte) color.r; pdata[i * 4 * width + j * 4 + 1] = (GLubyte) color.g; pdata[i * 4 * width + j * 4 + 2] = (GLubyte) 12; pdata[i * 4 * width + j * 4 + 3] = (GLubyte) 255; } } It works fine except the ang variable only controls the end sweep, not the start sweep. The start sweep is always facing the middle left as seen here: http://img810.imageshack.us/img810/9623/uhoh.png Basically I have no control over the end one going this <- way. How could I control this one? Thanks

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  • Why is WPO(whole-program optimization) not doing any improvements in my program size? (FPC 2.4.0)

    - by Gregory Smith
    I use FPC 2.4.0 for WinXP(binary from the official page), also tryed with same version but compiled from source on my comp. I put something like this: I:\pascal\fpc-2.4.0.source\fpc-2.4.0\compiler\ppc386 -FWserver-1.wpo -OWsymbolliveness -CX -XX -Xs- -al -Os -oServer1.o Server I:\pascal\fpc-2.4.0.source\fpc-2.4.0\compiler\ppc386 -FWserver-2.wpo -OWsymbolliveness -Fwserver-1.wpo -Owsymbolliveness -CX -XX -Xs- -al -Os -oServer2.o Server ..(up to 100 times) but always same .wpo files, and same .o sizes(.s, assembly files change intermittently) I also not(through compiler messages), that not used variables are still alive. Also tryed -OWall -owall What am i doing wrong?

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  • OnSize() Problem in VC++

    - by Anu
    Hi, In my VC++ MFC applcaiton,i have different views.And in each view,when i maximize it,i changed the size and position to new thing(Normally it fully get maximixed to screen size).But i dont want tht.So in OnSize() i coded like this. void CChildFrame::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy) { CMDIChildWnd::OnSize(nType, cx, cy); int XBorder = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXMAXIMIZED); int YBorder = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYMAXIMIZED); switch (nType) { case SIZE_MAXIMIZED: SetWindowPos(NULL,0,60,XBorder-45,YBorder-60,SWP_NOZORDER ); break; } } But what happened is?When i maximize the view,its get maximized to above mention size only.But in that blue bar,there si no minimize,maximize,close button. When i double click in the blue bar,its get to resumed to previous postion with all buttons. How can i get that?

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  • Calling Google's Custom Search API via Python

    - by user353829
    I am writing in Python a module that will query Google's Custom Search API and return all listings of domain 'example.com' I Have been reading instructions at https://code.google.com/apis/customsearch/v1/getting_started.html and am a little stumped at the moment. Are my assumptions listed below correct? For example, to search for results that has 'example.com' in the URL, the query is: *'https://www.googleapis.com/customsearch/v1?key=my_key&cx=017576662512468239146:omuauf_lfve&q=site:example.com*' *key=my_key*: value of key given by google cx=017576662512468239146: name of the search engine (google)? *omuauf_lfve*: I have no idea what this is q=site:example.com: This should return all results with 'example.com'; e.g. www.a.example.com, b.example.com, example .com

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  • Windows Azure: General Availability of Web Sites + Mobile Services, New AutoScale + Alerts Support, No Credit Card Needed for MSDN

    - by ScottGu
    This morning we released a major set of updates to Windows Azure.  These updates included: Web Sites: General Availability Release of Windows Azure Web Sites with SLA Mobile Services: General Availability Release of Windows Azure Mobile Services with SLA Auto-Scale: New automatic scaling support for Web Sites, Cloud Services and Virtual Machines Alerts/Notifications: New email alerting support for all Compute Services (Web Sites, Mobile Services, Cloud Services, and Virtual Machines) MSDN: No more credit card requirement for sign-up All of these improvements are now available to use immediately (note: some are still in preview).  Below are more details about them. Web Sites: General Availability Release of Windows Azure Web Sites I’m incredibly excited to announce the General Availability release of Windows Azure Web Sites. The Windows Azure Web Sites service is perfect for hosting a web presence, building customer engagement solutions, and delivering business web apps.  Today’s General Availability release means we are taking off the “preview” tag from the Free and Standard (formerly called reserved) tiers of Windows Azure Web Sites.  This means we are providing: A 99.9% monthly SLA (Service Level Agreement) for the Standard tier Microsoft Support available on a 24x7 basis (with plans that range from developer plans to enterprise Premier support) The Free tier runs in a shared compute environment and supports up to 10 web sites. While the Free tier does not come with an SLA, it works great for rapid development and testing and enables you to quickly spike out ideas at no cost. The Standard tier, which was called “Reserved” during the preview, runs using dedicated per-customer VM instances for great performance, isolation and scalability, and enables you to host up to 500 different Web sites within them.  You can easily scale your Standard instances on-demand using the Windows Azure Management Portal.  You can adjust VM instance sizes from a Small instance size (1 core, 1.75GB of RAM), up to a Medium instance size (2 core, 3.5GB of RAM), or Large instance (4 cores and 7 GB RAM).  You can choose to run between 1 and 10 Standard instances, enabling you to easily scale up your web backend to 40 cores of CPU and 70GB of RAM: Today’s release also includes general availability support for custom domain SSL certificate bindings for web sites running using the Standard tier. Customers will be able to utilize certificates they purchase for their custom domains and use either SNI or IP based SSL encryption. SNI encryption is available for all modern browsers and does not require an IP address.  SSL certificates can be used for individual sites or wild-card mapped across multiple sites (we charge extra for the use of a SSL cert – but the fee is per-cert and not per site which means you pay once for it regardless of how many sites you use it with).  Today’s release also includes the following new features: Auto-Scale support Today’s Windows Azure release adds preview support for Auto-Scaling web sites.  This enables you to setup automatic scale rules based on the activity of your instances – allowing you to automatically scale down (and save money) when they are below a CPU threshold you define, and automatically scale up quickly when traffic increases.  See below for more details. 64-bit and 32-bit mode support You can now choose to run your standard tier instances in either 32-bit or 64-bit mode (previously they only ran in 32-bit mode).  This enables you to address even more memory within individual web applications. Memory dumps Memory dumps can be very useful for diagnosing issues and debugging apps. Using a REST API, you can now get a memory dump of your sites, which you can then use for investigating issues in Visual Studio Debugger, WinDbg, and other tools. Scaling Sites Independently Prior to today’s release, all sites scaled up/down together whenever you scaled any site in a sub-region. So you may have had to keep your proof-of-concept or testing sites in a separate sub-region if you wanted to keep them in the Free tier. This will no longer be necessary.  Windows Azure Web Sites can now mix different tier levels in the same geographic sub-region. This allows you, for example, to selectively move some of your sites in the West US sub-region up to Standard tier when they require the features, scalability, and SLA of the Standard tier. Full pricing details on Windows Azure Web Sites can be found here.  Note that the “Shared Tier” of Windows Azure Web Sites remains in preview mode (and continues to have discounted preview pricing).  Mobile Services: General Availability Release of Windows Azure Mobile Services I’m incredibly excited to announce the General Availability release of Windows Azure Mobile Services.  Mobile Services is perfect for building scalable cloud back-ends for Windows 8.x, Windows Phone, Apple iOS, Android, and HTML/JavaScript applications.  Customers We’ve seen tremendous adoption of Windows Azure Mobile Services since we first previewed it last September, and more than 20,000 customers are now running mobile back-ends in production using it.  These customers range from startups like Yatterbox, to university students using Mobile Services to complete apps like Sly Fox in their spare time, to media giants like Verdens Gang finding new ways to deliver content, and telcos like TalkTalk Business delivering the up-to-the-minute information their customers require.  In today’s Build keynote, we demonstrated how TalkTalk Business is using Windows Azure Mobile Services to deliver service, outage and billing information to its customers, wherever they might be. Partners When we unveiled the source control and Custom API features I blogged about two weeks ago, we enabled a range of new scenarios, one of which is a more flexible way to work with third party services.  The following blogs, samples and tutorials from our partners cover great ways you can extend Mobile Services to help you build rich modern apps: New Relic allows developers to monitor and manage the end-to-end performance of iOS and Android applications connected to Mobile Services. SendGrid eliminates the complexity of sending email from Mobile Services, saving time and money, while providing reliable delivery to the inbox. Twilio provides a telephony infrastructure web service in the cloud that you can use with Mobile Services to integrate phone calls, text messages and IP voice communications into your mobile apps. Xamarin provides a Mobile Services add on to make it easy building cross-platform connected mobile aps. Pusher allows quickly and securely add scalable real-time messaging functionality to Mobile Services-based web and mobile apps. Visual Studio 2013 and Windows 8.1 This week during //build/ keynote, we demonstrated how Visual Studio 2013, Mobile Services and Windows 8.1 make building connected apps easier than ever. Developers building Windows 8 applications in Visual Studio can now connect them to Windows Azure Mobile Services by simply right clicking then choosing Add Connected Service. You can either create a new Mobile Service or choose existing Mobile Service in the Add Connected Service dialog. Once completed, Visual Studio adds a reference to Mobile Services SDK to your project and generates a Mobile Services client initialization snippet automatically. Add Push Notifications Push Notifications and Live Tiles are a key to building engaging experiences. Visual Studio 2013 and Mobile Services make it super easy to add push notifications to your Windows 8.1 app, by clicking Add a Push Notification item: The Add Push Notification wizard will then guide you through the registration with the Windows Store as well as connecting your app to a new or existing mobile service. Upon completion of the wizard, Visual Studio will configure your mobile service with the WNS credentials, as well as add sample logic to your client project and your mobile service that demonstrates how to send push notifications to your app. Server Explorer Integration In Visual Studio 2013 you can also now view your Mobile Services in the the Server Explorer. You can add tables, edit, and save server side scripts without ever leaving Visual Studio, as shown on the image below: Pricing With today’s general availability release we are announcing that we will be offering Mobile Services in three tiers – Free, Standard, and Premium.  Each tier is metered using a simple pricing model based on the # of API calls (bandwidth is included at no extra charge), and the Standard and Premium tiers are backed by 99.9% monthly SLAs.  You can elastically scale up or down the number of instances you have of each tier to increase the # of API requests your service can support – allowing you to efficiently scale as your business grows. The following table summarizes the new pricing model (full pricing details here):   You can find the full details of the new pricing model here. Build Conference Talks The //BUILD/ conference will be packed with sessions covering every aspect of developing connected applications with Mobile Services. The best part is that, even if you can’t be with us in San Francisco, every session is being streamed live. Be sure not to miss these talks: Mobile Services – Soup to Nuts — Josh Twist Building Cross-Platform Apps with Windows Azure Mobile Services — Chris Risner Connected Windows Phone Apps made Easy with Mobile Services — Yavor Georgiev Build Connected Windows 8.1 Apps with Mobile Services — Nick Harris Who’s that user? Identity in Mobile Apps — Dinesh Kulkarni Building REST Services with JavaScript — Nathan Totten Going Live and Beyond with Windows Azure Mobile Services — Kirill Gavrylyuk , Paul Batum Protips for Windows Azure Mobile Services — Chris Risner AutoScale: Dynamically scale up/down your app based on real-world usage One of the key benefits of Windows Azure is that you can dynamically scale your application in response to changing demand. In the past, though, you have had to either manually change the scale of your application, or use additional tooling (such as WASABi or MetricsHub) to automatically scale your application. Today, we’re announcing that AutoScale will be built-into Windows Azure directly.  With today’s release it is now enabled for Cloud Services, Virtual Machines and Web Sites (Mobile Services support will come soon). Auto-scale enables you to configure Windows Azure to automatically scale your application dynamically on your behalf (without any manual intervention) so you can achieve the ideal performance and cost balance. Once configured it will regularly adjust the number of instances running in response to the load in your application. Currently, we support two different load metrics: CPU percentage Storage queue depth (Cloud Services and Virtual Machines only) We’ll enable automatic scaling on even more scale metrics in future updates. When to use Auto-Scale The following are good criteria for services/apps that will benefit from the use of auto-scale: The service/app can scale horizontally (e.g. it can be duplicated to multiple instances) The service/app load changes over time If your app meets these criteria, then you should look to leverage auto-scale. How to Enable Auto-Scale To enable auto-scale, simply navigate to the Scale tab in the Windows Azure Management Portal for the app/service you wish to enable.  Within the scale tab turn the Auto-Scale setting on to either CPU or Queue (for Cloud Services and VMs) to enable Auto-Scale.  Then change the instance count and target CPU settings to configure the Auto-Scale ranges you want to maintain. The image below demonstrates how to enable Auto-Scale on a Windows Azure Web-Site.  I’ve configured the web-site so that it will run using between 1 and 5 VM instances.  The exact # used will depend on the aggregate CPU of the VMs using the 40-70% range I’ve configured below.  If the aggregate CPU goes above 70%, then Windows Azure will automatically add new VMs to the pool (up to the maximum of 5 instances I’ve configured it to use).  If the aggregate CPU drops below 40% then Windows Azure will automatically start shutting down VMs to save me money: Once you’ve turned auto-scale on, you can return to the Scale tab at any point and select Off to manually set the number of instances. Using the Auto-Scale Preview With today’s update you can now, in just a few minutes, have Windows Azure automatically adjust the number of instances you have running  in your apps to keep your service performant at an even better cost. Auto-scale is being released today as a preview feature, and will be free until General Availability. During preview, each subscription is limited to 10 separate auto-scale rules across all of the resources they have (Web sites, Cloud services or Virtual Machines). If you hit the 10 limit, you can disable auto-scale for any resource to enable it for another. Alerts and Notifications Starting today we are now providing the ability to configure threshold based alerts on monitoring metrics. This feature is available for compute services (cloud services, VM, websites and mobiles services). Alerts provide you the ability to get proactively notified of active or impending issues within your application.  You can define alert rules for: Virtual machine monitoring metrics that are collected from the host operating system (CPU percentage, network in/out, disk read bytes/sec and disk write bytes/sec) and on monitoring metrics from monitoring web endpoint urls (response time and uptime) that you have configured. Cloud service monitoring metrics that are collected from the host operating system (same as VM), monitoring metrics from the guest VM (from performance counters within the VM) and on monitoring metrics from monitoring web endpoint urls (response time and uptime) that you have configured. For Web Sites and Mobile Services, alerting rules can be configured on monitoring metrics from monitoring endpoint urls (response time and uptime) that you have configured. Creating Alert Rules You can add an alert rule for a monitoring metric by navigating to the Setting -> Alerts tab in the Windows Azure Management Portal. Click on the Add Rule button to create an alert rule. Give the alert rule a name and optionally add a description. Then pick the service which you want to define the alert rule on: The next step in the alert creation wizard will then filter the monitoring metrics based on the service you selected:   Once created the rule will show up in your alerts list within the settings tab: The rule above is defined as “not activated” since it hasn’t tripped over the CPU threshold we set.  If the CPU on the above machine goes over the limit, though, I’ll get an email notifying me from an Windows Azure Alerts email address ([email protected]). And when I log into the portal and revisit the alerts tab I’ll see it highlighted in red.  Clicking it will then enable me to see what is causing it to fail, as well as view the history of when it has happened in the past. Alert Notifications With today’s initial preview you can now easily create alerting rules based on monitoring metrics and get notified on active or impending issues within your application that require attention. During preview, each subscription is limited to 10 alert rules across all of the services that support alert rules. No More Credit Card Requirement for MSDN Subscribers Earlier this month (during TechEd 2013), Windows Azure announced that MSDN users will get Windows Azure Credits every month that they can use for any Windows Azure services they want. You can read details about this in my previous Dev/Test blog post. Today we are making further updates to enable an easier Windows Azure signup for MSDN users. MSDN users will now not be required to provide payment information (e.g. no credit card) during sign-up, so long as they use the service within the included monetary credit for the billing period. For usage beyond the monetary credit, they can enable overages by providing the payment information and remove the spending limit. This enables a super easy, one page sign-up experience for MSDN users.  Simply sign-up for your Windows Azure trial using the same Microsoft ID that you use to manage your MSDN account, then complete the one page sign-up form below and you will be able to spend your free monthly MSDN credits (up to $150 each month) on any Windows Azure resource for dev/test:   This makes it trivially easy for every MDSN customer to start using Windows Azure today.  If you haven’t signed up yet, I definitely recommend checking it out. Summary Today’s release includes a ton of great features that enable you to build even better cloud solutions.  If you don’t already have a Windows Azure account, you can sign-up for a free trial and start using all of the above features today.  Then visit the Windows Azure Developer Center to learn more about how to build apps with it. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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  • Git on DreamHost still balking on big files even after I compiled with NO_MMAP=1

    - by fuzzy lollipop
    I compiled Git 1.7.0.3 on DreamHost with the NO_MMAP=1 option, I also supplied that option when I did the "make NO_MMAP=1 install". I have my paths set up correctly, which git reports my ~/bin dir which is correct, git --version returns the correct version. But when I try to do a "git push origin master" with "big" files ~150MB it always fails. Does anyone have an suggestions on how to get DreamHost to accept this "big" files from a git push?

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  • Mercurial set per user rights

    - by Kami
    I would like to set better user access to my mercurial repos trough the cgi web interface. This is my current hgweb.config : [web] contact = first.lastname description = HG Repos allow_push=user1,user2,user3 allow_read=user1,user2,user3 [paths] repo01 = /home/mercurial/repo01 repo02 = /home/mercurial/repo02 repo03 = /home/mercurial/repo03 repo04 = /home/mercurial/repo04 How to setup the following ? : user1 has only access (push/read) to repo01 and repo02 user2 has only access (read only) to repo01 and repo02 user3 has only access (read) to repo01 and repo02, (push/read) repo03 I've checked multiple mercurial config tutorials but nothing helped me so far.

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