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• Swapping two pages in Adobe Acrobat

  - by ldigas

  What is the easiest way to swap two pages in Adobe Acrobat ? (for example, page 15 is on page 16 and vice versa ... how to put them proper ?)

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• Memory Usage on Linux box does not match up with `free`

  - by Chris Lieb

  I have a Linux machine that is not running too much in the way of software, but is somehow using 1.7GB of the 2GB of the installed memory. When I run free, I get: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 2072616 1979972 92644 0 164876 129740 -/+ buffers/cache: 1685356 387260 Swap: 498004 1632 496372 However, when I run ps aux, the memory usage of all processes only comes out to 295.9MB, which is a far cry from the 1.7GB of memory that free reports as used. Why is there such a discrepancy?

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• (Ubuntu 10.04 - Windows vista premium on HP pavilion desktop) I reistall my windows, but now i cant

  - by meyosef

  Hi, I had Windows vista premium on HP pavilion desktop. I split disk for ubuntu and make also swap disk part and then i install ubuntu 10.04. To the enterence of my computer after installation i have menu that i can to choose between windows or ubuntu. Today I reistall my windows, but choose menu disapear. I dont see in windows the rdisk part that I give to Ubuntu, soo its mean ubuntu still exist but i cant enter to him. Please help me, Thanks

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• Top - what does Virtual memory size mean? ...linux/ubuntu

  - by user42159

  I am running Top to monitor my server performance and 2 of my java processes show virtual memory of upto 800MB-1GB. Is that a bad thing? What does virtual memory mean? And oh btw, I have swap of 1GB and it shoes 0% used. So I am confused. Java process = 1 Tomcat server + my own java deamon Server = Ubuntu 9.10 (karmic)

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• Where can I request a new enhancement for Google Chrome?

  - by Oscar Reyes

  I have a request for enhancement for Google Chrome, but don't know where to place it. I checked http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/list but it seems to be only for bugs. I use the spelling check quite often, but I need to swap between english and spanish all the time according to the website. Since chrome can detect the webpage language, it would be great to have the spell check set to that language by default.

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• Easy way to switch default sound output device

  - by robertpateii

  I want an easier way to change my default sound device from my sound card to my usb headset. Currently it takes a very precise right click, a left click, another right click, and two more left clicks. Ideally i could just have it swap with a shortcut key. (it was a little easier in XP but not by much.) A software solution is preferred, but I am open to suggestions that use hardware. I am running Windows 7 currently.

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• How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

  - by Aaron Digulla

  Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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• My USB bootable thumb drive, no longer boots on a single particular computer on which it previously worked

  - by LiamMeron

  I created a bootable drive, booting CrunchBang, about 2 months ago. About a month ago, I booted into it on another laptop. After shutting down, I have been unable to get it to boot on my own laptop, despite having worked previously. I can still boot into it on my desktop, and can also boot into it on all other computers that I have tried. If I plug it in when I am running Ubuntu, the Home and / folders mount, the only error being that for some reason my PC likes to try and mount the swap partition too, which naturally, gives an error. The BIOS settings are all still setup to boot from USB. When I boot, all I get is a black screen with the white cursor, it will stay there for as long as I leave it. If it is worth anything, I have GRUB loader installed on the drive. The partitions look a little odd, but I am rather unfamiliar with how they are dealt with. The first partition, /, is sdb1 and has the bootable flag. The second partition is an extended system, and is sdb2. The third partition, according to GParted, seems to be nested under the second. This is the swap partition, and it is sdb5 The fourth partition is my home partition and is sdb6 and is also nested under the extended system. The first and fourth partitions are ext4. I don't know if that helps, but the more info, the better accuracy, generally. Thanks. EDIT: I tried reinstalling GRUB on the drive, but that didn't work. However, when I reinstalled GRUB on my laptop, I did it with my USB thumbdrive in. This caused the GRUB updater to find the /boot folder and add the proper details into my laptop's GRUB loader. I could log into CrunchBang from my laptop's GRUB but I was still unable to boot directly to the drive. It looked like my BIOS is unable to find the bootloader. I am unable to install GRUB to a partition I just created, a /boot partition at the start of the drive, GRUB just doesn't allow it. I think I'm going to have to reinstall #! on my drive, which won't be a great loss as I haven't put much time into it.

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• Change keyboard mapping (Input Source) from terminal in OS X

  - by simont

  I'd like to change the keyboard mapping from command-line (Terminal) in Mac OS X Lion (10.7). I can manually set it (System Preferences - Language & Text - Input Sources), and there's a nice option that lets me use different input sources for different documents, but I'd like to bind it to a key under zsh to easily swap between Qwerty and Dvorak layouts (I'm learning Dvorak, and having the option to switch easily would be sensational).

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• Restore Windows 8 and Linux (Debian) /boot/efi

  - by Loic

  I deleted /boot/efi (while attempting to install archlinux). There is one harddrive, 750GB, /dev/sda). The partitions are /dev/sda1 ntfs 315MB /dev/sda2 EFIboot 105MB <=== this got deleted /dev/sda3 ? 135MB /dev/sda4 ntfs 626GB <======= windows 8 /dev/sda5 ntfs /dev/sda6 biosgrub 1MB ? /dev/sda7 lvm 110GB <======== for linux /dev/sda8 swap 13GB Windows 8 still installed on /dev/sda4 How do I recreate / repair the /boot/efi (/dev/sda2) ?

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• iSCSI NAS supporting VMware Esxi 5.1 servers in a software development environment

  - by BigTFromAZ

  I would like to build (or purchase) the smallest, quietest most energy efficient servers that I can for a low demand environment. These would only have a small disk for guest swap files, a CPU (XEON preferred), 32 Gb of memory and minimal graphics. The virtual machines need to be up but demand will be quite low. Any thought on case, format processors, fans, motherboard, et al? Small, quiet and lots of RAM are the operative words here.

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• Ubuntu server boot degraded raid

  - by beacon_bonanza

  I've installed Ubuntu 12.04.1 in a new server and set up the 4 hard drives with 3 RAID 1 devices, the configuration is such that the first two drives have md0 (swap space) and md1 (/) with the third and fourth drives having md2 (/var). I've been testing the operation under a drive failure and found that the system boots fine if I remove disk two but if I remove disk one then the system gets to grub and then just restarts. I'm confused as to why grub appears to be loading properly from disk two but then the boot fails.

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• Any dangers of sharing /home partition between two distros?

  - by Linux_iOS.rb.cpp.c.lisp.m.sh

  I have a laptop with a 250GB HDD. I have an existing installation of Kubuntu across three partitions (A 20GB one for /, 2GB for swap, and something like 97GB for /home). If I add another partition, use that as / for a Mint 13 install, and then use the existing /home partition as Linux Mint's home folder (different user names), are there any dangers (besides badly done partitioning, and other dumb things like that)?

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• Best way to "clone" my Windows Server 2008 R2?

  - by A.B. User

  I have a Windows Server 2008 R2 Machine with 1 physical hard drive. I have an exact copy of the hardware of it, which I intend to use a a redundant backup in case my server fails (hardware or software). I'd like to routinely "clone" my production server's hard drive, so that when it fails, I'll just swap it with the latest clone. Is this even possible? If it is, what would be the simplest way to do this?

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• Remote Debian System Preventing Logon

  - by choobablue

  I have a dozen or so single board computers on a network running Debian (squeeze) and access them via ssh (ssh server is dropbear). To give an idea of the hardware of these computers they're 1.2 GHz x86 processors, 1GB of RAM and 4GB flash drives formatted as ext2 (I avoided ext3 to prevent the added flash write stress from journaling), there is also a swap partition on the drive. Normally the setup I'm using works great and I can access all the computers. Every once in a while one will prevent access. What happens is I try to connect via ssh (putty) and it gives me the login prompt, I enter the username and password and it responds 'Access Denied' and it will also refuse any public key in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys. The credentials are correct as they worked previously. The computer responds to pings and putty recognizes the server public key, which implies to me the system is still running. Restarting the server fixes the problem and I can log in again. (I tried a temporary fix of putting shutdown -r now in the root crontab but this doesn't seem to reliably be run once the hang happens) Once I restart however there doesn't seem to be any information in any of the system logs to indicate what happened, the logs are simply empty for that time period, as if the system had crashed. There is some custom software running on the system which appears to stop working (which is why I wanted to ssh to begin with). I'm assuming that this program is the source of the problems but I'm unsure of how it would cause it and how to debug what is happening. The most likely explanation I can think of is that there is a memory leak in the other program that then prevents dropbear from spawning a new login shell (and crontab from executing shutdown) as there is not enough free memory. But looking at memory usage of the other (working) computers there doesn't seem to be any meaningful increase in memory to indicate a leak (unless it's a very big, fast acting and rare leak). I would think that when the OS ran out of memory it would restart the system or kill processes (the Linux kernel restarts right?). The other thing I wonder about is if the fact that they are running off a flash drive could have some effect, especially the swap partition (which I think I should remove to prevent wear of the flash), but the flash drives are young (~1 month) and I don't think that wear would be a factor yet. Does anybody have an idea of what could cause these symptoms, if it could be done by a memory leak, or something else I haven't thought of. And does anybody know of a method to try to debug the problem and find out more information about what's going wrong?

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• Where to install Ubuntu bootloader on a Mac?

  - by ylhtravis

  I'm trying to install Ubuntu on a Mac, but I can't get it to boot with default mac bootloader or rEFI. It shows up as "Windows" On the mac bootloader and shows up as "Linux" on rEFI. I'm not sure where should I install the bootloader to during installation. Here's my partition table: sda : Hard drive manufacturer name sda0: Mac partition sda1: ... sda4: SWAP sda5: Ubuntu And I have installed the bootloader on sda5. Should I install it on sda instead? I'm afraid this will replace the default Mac OS X bootloader and I won't be able to go into the Mac side again. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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• Booting Ubuntu EFI on Macbook Pro Apple Bootmanager

  - by user279771

  Following: http://www.rodsbooks.com/ubuntu-efi/ and https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFIBooting#Detect_.28U.29EFI_firmware_processor_architecture I have ubuntu booting on my macbook pro with both refined and the native apple loader working, however, I would like to get the "Improving the Boot Method" (i believe it is called the kernel efi stub loader) working with the Apple Boot manager (the article only explains for refined), but have found no articles explaining this. Can anyone help with this? Below is what I have: What I have is the following: /dev/sda apple partitions /boot ext3 (root) ext3 swap side notes: From what I understand, I should have had my boot partition as fat32/hfs+... I can always switch it or copy the kernel to the apple EFI partition. (I tried creating /boot as an hfs+ partition during installation but was unable. Even after installing hfsprogs, although I was able to create an hfs+ partition in gparted I couldn't use the partition as /boot in ubiquity).

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• ORA-4030 Troubleshooting

  - by [email protected]

  QUICKLINK: Note 399497.1 FAQ ORA-4030 Note 1088087.1 : ORA-4030 Diagnostic Tools [Video]   Have you observed an ORA-0430 error reported in your alert log? ORA-4030 errors are raised when memory or resources are requested from the Operating System and the Operating System is unable to provide the memory or resources.   The arguments included with the ORA-4030 are often important to narrowing down the problem. For more specifics on the ORA-4030 error and scenarios that lead to this problem, see Note 399497.1 FAQ ORA-4030.   Looking for the best way to diagnose? There are several available diagnostic tools (error tracing, 11g Diagnosibility, OCM, Process Memory Guides, RDA, OSW, diagnostic scripts) that collectively can prove powerful for identifying the cause of the ORA-4030.    Error Tracing   The ORA-4030 error usually occurs on the client workstation and for this reason, a trace file and alert log entry may not have been generated on the server side.  It may be necessary to add additional tracing events to get initial diagnostics on the problem. To setup tracing to trap the ORA-4030, on the server use the following in SQLPlus: alter system set events '4030 trace name heapdump level 536870917;name errorstack level 3';Once the error reoccurs with the event set, you can turn off  tracing using the following command in SQLPlus:alter system set events '4030 trace name context off; name context off';NOTE:   See more diagnostics information to collect in Note 399497.1  11g DiagnosibilityStarting with Oracle Database 11g Release 1, the Diagnosability infrastructure was introduced which places traces and core files into a location controlled by the DIAGNOSTIC_DEST initialization parameter when an incident, such as an ORA-4030 occurs.  For earlier versions, the trace file will be written to either USER_DUMP_DEST (if the error was caught in a user process) or BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST (if the error was caught in a background process like PMON or SMON). The trace file may contain vital information about what led to the error condition.    Note 443529.1 11g Quick Steps to Package and Send Critical Error Diagnostic Informationto Support[Video]  Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM) Oracle Configuration Manager (OCM) works with My Oracle Support to enable proactive support capability that helps you organize, collect and manage your Oracle configurations. Oracle Configuration Manager Quick Start Guide Note 548815.1: My Oracle Support Configuration Management FAQ Note 250434.1: BULLETIN: Learn More About My Oracle Support Configuration Manager    General Process Memory Guides   An ORA-4030 indicates a limit has been reached with respect to the Oracle process private memory allocation.    Each Operating System will handle memory allocations with Oracle slightly differently. Solaris     Note 163763.1Linux       Note 341782.1IBM AIX   Notes 166491.1 and 123754.1HP           Note 166490.1Windows Note 225349.1, Note 373602.1, Note 231159.1, Note 269495.1, Note 762031.1Generic    Note 169706.1   RDAThe RDA report will show more detailed information about the database and Server Configuration. Note 414966.1 RDA Documentation Index Download RDA -- refer to Note 314422.1 Remote Diagnostic Agent (RDA) 4 - Getting Started OS Watcher (OSW)This tool is designed to gather Operating System side statistics to compare with the findings from the database.  This is a key tool in cases where memory usage is higher than expected on the server while not experiencing ORA-4030 errors currently. Reference more details on setup and usage in Note 301137.1 OS Watcher User Guide Diagnostic Scripts   Refer to Note 1088087.1 : ORA-4030 Diagnostic Tools [Video] Common Causes/Solutions The ORA-4030 can occur for a variety of reasons.  Some common causes are:   * OS Memory limit reached such as physical memory and/or swap/virtual paging.   For instance, IBM AIX can experience ORA-4030 issues related to swap scenarios.  See Note 740603.1 10.2.0.4 not using large pages on AIX for more on that problem. Also reference Note 188149.1 for pointers on 10g and stack size issues.* OS limits reached (kernel or user shell limits) that limit overall, user level or process level memory * OS limit on PGA memory size due to SGA attach address           Reference: Note 1028623.6 SOLARIS How to Relocate the SGA* Oracle internal limit on functionality like PL/SQL varrays or bulk collections. ORA-4030 errors will include arguments like "pl/sql vc2" "pmucalm coll" "pmuccst: adt/re".  See Coding Pointers for pointers on application design to get around these issues* Application design causing limits to be reached* Bug - space leaks, heap leaks   ***For reference to the content in this blog, refer to Note.1088267.1 Master Note for Diagnosing ORA-4030

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• Dual Boot ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7 on two separate SSDs with UEFI

  - by Björn

  With the following setup I get a blinking cursor after installation: Windows 7 64bit installed in first SSD (not UEFI, using MBR) Installation of Ubuntu 12.04 64Bit on gpt partioned disk seems to work without problems but does not boot. It stops with a blinking cursor. I used the partitioning scheme described here. Partitioning scheme: sdb1 efi boot partition fat32 sdb2 root btrfs sdb3 home btrfs sdb4 swap Is it possible to mix uefi BIOS with MBR and gpt when using two separate SSDs? I tried grub2 into a MBR as well but it would not install there...

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• Pyglet: How to use second screen's vsync

  - by BaldDude

  does anybody know if it's possible to use the vsync of the second monitor instead of the first one with pyglet? I have 2 monitors, one running at 60Hz and the other at 120Hz. I want to be able to set my application on whatever monitors I have, and have the application use the monitor's rate to swap the buffers. This needs to be cross platform. I found this information... pyglet.window But I was wondering if anybody knows a way... Thanks for your help.

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• Buffer cache spillover: only buffers

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ?????? (?database open)????recovery?redo??,??????????????????: > Buffer cache spillover: only 32768 of 117227 buffers available$ ????crash recovery?redo apply??????buffer cache,??buffer cache???recovery buffer? ?????recovery buffer,????????age out????????redo change??????????? ????????????recovery(???crash recovery??instance recovery),?????buffer cache ??????????????(recovery)???? ??????(lock claim phase),?????????buffer cache ??spillover??????(???swap)??????????????????,oracle???????redo change???????????buffer cache????????recovery buffer????????,???????????????????? ?????????????(spillover recovery)??????????????(?????????,?????????redo apply),???????????? ??????,??crash recovery???? buffer cache??????????; ?????????, ?????????????buffer cache????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????????db_cache_size???????,??alter database open??????(Buffer cache spillover: only 32768 of 117227 buffers available$),?????????????????? ????????buffer cache spillover,?????????10???????????????,????????alert.log 30??????????,?????spillover???hang,?????????OTN Ask Maclean

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• Fix overlapping partitions

  - by Alex

  I have problem with overlapping partitions. GParted shows me all my disk as unallocated area, output of fdisk below: alex@alex-ThinkPad-SL510:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb4b9b90 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2457599 1227776 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 2457600 571351724 284447062+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 571342846 604661759 16659457 5 Extended /dev/sda4 604661760 625137663 10237952 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda5 598650880 604661759 3005440 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 571342848 598650879 13654016 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order Do I understand correctly that overlapping partitions are sda2 and sda3 (sda2 and sda6 overlaps too, because sda6 is the first chunk of sda3, sda3 has type "extended")? Are sda2 and sda3 the cause of problem? How can i fix it without deleting partitions? My OS is Ubuntu 12.04, 64 bit. Thanks in advance.

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• Nant COM Reference [migrated]

  - by user29286

  I'm trying to find the Nant syntax for including a COM reference. The current Nant script with the normal dll reference looks like .. <references> <include name="${external-lib}/System.Interop.AppName.dll" /> The COM reference in the .csproj file looks like this ... <COMReference Include="System.Interop.AppName"> <Guid>{00020813-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}</Guid> <VersionMajor>1</VersionMajor> <VersionMinor>7</VersionMinor> <Lcid>0</Lcid> <WrapperTool>primary</WrapperTool> <Isolated>False</Isolated> </COMReference> What syntax should I use in Nant to swap to the COM reference to do the build ?

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• Installing Ubuntu 14.04 on macbook pro EFI

  - by user279771

  Macbook pro: mavericks, 5.2, graphics: nvidia geforce 9600M I followed the guides from here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UEFIBooting#Detect_.28U.29EFI_firmware_processor_architecture and http://www.rodsbooks.com/ubuntu-efi/. What I have is the following: /dev/sda apple partitions /boot / (root) swap When installing ubuntu, I did not install the boot loader during installation but did so in a chroot environment after installing grub-efi. I installed grub to /dev/sda1 (efi) which created the grub64.efi file in efi/ubuntu. This allows the refined boot manager to bring up grub and select ubuntu however, the graphics does not work. Even after adding nomodeset and removing quiet/splash from the kernel parameters. Any ideas on what could be wrong? To be clear, if I remove quiet/splash, I can see all the text startup messages being printed out however, the display manager doesn't appear to start (the screen stays black). Oddly enough though, the ubuntu startup sound can be heard.

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• Is traditional JavaScript image pre-loading taboo

  - by Evan Plaice

  I remember the good-old-days (not really) back when I was still sucking the teet of Dreamweaver to build websites and the lure of playing copypasta with fancy built-in scripts (ex, image-swap) was like black magic. I'm pretty far removed from that now days but I was adapting a small site from it's original FrontPage (::cringe::) format to a standard HTML/CSS implementation and couldn't help wondering... should I should re-implement the JavaScript image pre-loading into the current version? Or, is there a better way? I don't want to block the page from loading by requiring the user to request all the assets withing the page by using the traditional JavaScript pre-loader method. I value giving the user something to look at ASAP, and there's some potential harm to my Google mojo by doing so. Is there a cleaner solution to prevent unnecessary page-reflows during loading? Such as, setting the static width/height dimensions through a CSS style attribute on the image element.

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