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• Is it possible to combine a list of torrents into one torrent with many files, keeping the seeds?

  - by Zequez

  Let's say you have all the episodes of FOO series that you downloaded as they were out, so you have like 20 torrents. Now let's say you want to make a bundle torrent with all the files, call it "FOO Season 1", and then send it to someone. One way would be to create a new torrent with all the episodes, but you would lose all the seeds from the current torrents, and you also couldn't seed people that want to download single episodes. Is this possible with the BitTorrent protocol?

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• Easily view a list of changes of upgraded packages.

  - by D Connors

  So, let's say I run sudo apt-get upgrade on my Lucid Lynx and it upgrades a couple of packages I'm interested in. Is there a command to run that will open some kind of info or manual that tells me what changes were made in this new version of the package? For instance, if run the apt-get upgrade and it installs a new version of empathy. Do I have to go over to their site to review the changes made in this version, or is there a quicker command line way?

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• How does java.util.Collections.contains() perform faster than a linear search?

  - by The111

  I've been fooling around with a bunch of different ways of searching collections, collections of collections, etc. Doing lots of stupid little tests to verify my understanding. Here is one which boggles me (source code further below). In short, I am generating N random integers and adding them to a list. The list is NOT sorted. I then use Collections.contains() to look for a value in the list. I intentionally look for a value that I know won't be there, because I want to ensure that the entire list space is probed. I time this search. I then do another linear search manually, iterating through each element of the list and checking if it matches my target. I also time this search. On average, the second search takes 33% longer than the first one. By my logic, the first search must also be linear, because the list is unsorted. The only possibility I could think of (which I immediately discard) is that Java is making a sorted copy of my list just for the search, but (1) I did not authorize that usage of memory space and (2) I would think that would result in MUCH more significant time savings with such a large N. So if both searches are linear, they should both take the same amount of time. Somehow the Collections class has optimized this search, but I can't figure out how. So... what am I missing? import java.util.*; public class ListSearch { public static void main(String[] args) { int N = 10000000; // number of ints to add to the list int high = 100; // upper limit for random int generation List<Integer> ints; int target = -1; // target will not be found, forces search of entire list space long start; long end; ints = new ArrayList<Integer>(); start = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.print("Generating new list... "); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { ints.add(((int) (Math.random() * high)) + 1); } end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("took " + (end-start) + "ms."); start = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.print("Searching list for target (method 1)... "); if (ints.contains(target)) { // nothing } end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println(" Took " + (end-start) + "ms."); System.out.println(); ints = new ArrayList<Integer>(); start = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.print("Generating new list... "); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { ints.add(((int) (Math.random() * high)) + 1); } end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("took " + (end-start) + "ms."); start = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.print("Searching list for target (method 2)... "); for (Integer i : ints) { // nothing } end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println(" Took " + (end-start) + "ms."); } }

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• After upgrading to 2.6.35-24 kernel, why does adb no longer list devices?

  - by nbolton

  When I first installed Ubuntu 10.10 64-bit, I was able to see a physical Android device (connected via USB) in the Android Device Chooser (launched from Eclipse). But, after upgrading my kernel from 2.6.35-22-generic to 2.6.35-24-generic, no devices are listed any more, and I am unable to see any results when running adb devices like so: $ ./adb devices List of devices attached $ I have tried booting in the previous kernel version, but I get some udev error, so I was hoping I could get it working with the newer kernel version. I figured SO was the best place for this question, as it seems more developer related.

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• Show different product image in new.phtml vs. list

  - by user1907662

  $collection = $this->_addProductAttributesAndPrices($collection) ->addStoreFilter() ->addAttributeToFilter('is_discontinued', array('neq' => 1) ) ->addAttributeToFilter('collection_id', array('neq' => 'LKG') ) ->addAttributeToFilter('media_gallery_label', array('eq' => 'Home Page Image') ) //->addAttributeToSort('entity_id', 'desc') ->addAttributeToSort('news_from_date', 'desc') For the media_gallery_label field, I need to be able to filter by any gallery images, and if the label of any of the images is "Home Page Image", it needs to display instead of the default "small" image. I need this to work only in new.phtml file, and not in the list.phtml.

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• Does C# 4's covariance support nesting of generics?

  - by Scott Bilas

  I don't understand why 'x' below converts, but 'y' and 'z' do not. var list = new List<List<int>>(); IEnumerable<List<int>> x = list; List<IEnumerable<int>> y = list; IEnumerable<IEnumerable<int>> z = list; Does the new covariance feature simply not work on generics of generics or am I doing something wrong? (I'd like to avoid using .Cast< to make y and z work.)

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• Are there actually lag times to remove an email address from "the system"? [closed]

  - by Alex Gosselin

  For example, you send an unsubscribe message to a legitimate company or a spam, they reply that they will remove you and it may take up to 72 hours to take effect. I find it hard to believe anything that simple could take more than 3/4 of a second to take effect system wide. Another example would be when you call the visa activation line, there is a "delay" of several minutes while they try to sell you some kind of insurance. Usually just as you get the point across that you don't want it they will tell you your card has been activated and let you go. Are these delays real?

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• Use Python to search one .txt file for a list of words or phrases (and show the context)

  - by prupert

  Basically as the question states. I am fairly new to Python and like to learn by seeing and doing. I would like to create a script that searches through a text document (say the text copied and pasted from a news article for example) for certain words or phrases. Ideally, the list of words and phrases would be stored in a separate file. When getting the results, it would be great to get the context of the results. So maybe it could print out the 50 characters in the text file before and after each search term that has been found. It'd be cool if it also showed what line the search term was found on. Any pointers on how to code this, or even code examples would be much appreciated.

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• Cannot determine why pointer variable will not address elements in a string in this program?

  - by Smith Will Suffice

  I am attempting to utilize a pointer variable to access elements of a string and there are issues with my code generating a compilation error: #include <stdio.h> #define MAX 29 char arrayI[250]; char *ptr; int main(void) { ptr = arrayI; puts("Enter string to arrayI: up to 29 chars:\n"); fgets(arrayI, MAX, stdin); printf("\n Now printing array by pointer:\n"); printf("%s", *ptr); ptr = arrayI[1]; //(I set the pointer to the second array char element) printf("%c", *ptr); //Here is where I was wanting to use my pointer to //point to individual array elements. return 0; } My compiler crieth: [Warning] assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default] I do not see where my pointer was ever assigned to the integer data type? Could someone please explain why my attempt to implement a pointer variable is failing? Thanks all!

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• Do’s and Don’ts Building SharePoint Applications

  - by Bil Simser

  SharePoint is a great platform for building quick LOB applications. Simple things from employee time trackers to server and software inventory to full blown Help Desks can be crafted up using SharePoint from just customizing Lists. No programming necessary. However there are a few tricks I’ve painfully learned over the years that you can use for your own solutions. DO What’s In A Name? When you create a new list, column, or view you’ll commonly name it something like “Expense Reports”. However this has the ugly effect of creating a url to the list as “Expense%20Reports”. Or worse, an internal field name of “Expense_x0x0020_Reports” which is not only cryptic but hard to remember when you’re trying to find the column by internal name. While “Expense Reports 2011” is user friendly, “ExpenseReports2011” is not (unless you’re a programmer). So that’s not the solution. Well, not entirely. Instead when you create your column or list or view use the scrunched up name (I can’t think of the technical term for it right now) of “ExpenseReports2011”, “WomenAtTheOfficeThatAreMen” or “KoalaMeatIsGoodWhenBroiled”. After you’ve created it, go back and change the name to the more friendly “Silly Expense Reports That Nobody Reads”. The original internal name will be the url and code friendly one without spaces while the one used on data entry forms and view headers will be the human version. Smart Columns When building a view include columns that make sense. By default when you add a column the “Add to default view” is checked. Resist the urge to be lazy and leave it checked. Uncheck that puppy and decide consciously what columns should be included in the view. Pick columns that make sense to what the user is trying to do. This means you have to talk to the user. Yes, I know. That can be trying at times and even painful. Go ahead, talk to them. You might learn something. Find out what’s important to them and why. If they’re doing something repetitively as part of their job, try to make their life easier by including what’s most important to them. Do they really need to see the Created *and* Modified date of a document or do they just need the title and author? You’ll only find out after talking to them (or getting them drunk in a bar and leaving them in the back alley handcuffed to a garbage bin, don’t ask). Gotta Keep it Separated Hey, views are there for a reason. Use them. While “All Items” is a fine way to present a list of well, all items, it’s hardly sufficient to present a list of servers built before the Y2K bug hit. You’ll be scrolling the list for hours finally arriving at Page 387 of 12,591 and cursing that SharePoint guy for convincing you that putting your hardware into a list would be of any use to anyone. Next to collecting the data, presenting it is just as important. Views are often overlooked and many times ignored or misused. They’re the way you can slice and dice the data up so that you’re not trying to consume 3,000 years of human evolution on a single web page. Remember views can be filtered so feel free to create a view for each status or one for each operating system or one for each species of Information Worker you might be putting in that list or document library. Not only will it reduce the number of items someone sees at one time, it’ll also make the information that much more relevant. Also remember that each view is a separate page. Use it in navigation by creating a menu on the Quick Launch to each view. The discoverability of the Views menu isn’t overly obvious and if you violate the rule of columns (see Horizontally Scrolling below) the view menu doesn’t even show up until you shuffle the scroll bar to the left. Navigation links, big giant buttons, a screaming flashing “CLICK ME NOW” will help your users find their way. Sort It! Views are great so we’re building nice, rich views for the user. Awesomesauce. However sort is not very discoverable by the user. For example when you’re looking at a view how do you know if it’s ascending or descending and what is it sorted on. Maybe it’s sorted using two fields so what’s that all about? Help your users by letting them know the information they’re looking at is sorted. Maybe you name the view something appropriate like “Bogus Expense Claims Sorted By Deadbeats”. If you use the naming strategy just make sure you keep the name consistent with the description. In the previous example their better be a Deadbeat column so I can see the sort in action. Having a “Loser” column, while equally correct, is a little obtuse to the average Information Worker. Remember, they usually don’t use acronyms and even if they knew how to, it’s not immediately obvious to them that’s what you’re trying to convey. Another option is to simply drop a Content Editor Web Part above the list and explain exactly the view they’re looking at. Each view is it’s own page so one CEWP won’t be used across the board. Be descriptive in what the user is seeing but try to keep it brief. Dumping the first chapter of I, Claudius might be informative to the data but can gobble up screen real estate and miss the point of having the list. DO NOT Useless Attachments The attachments column is, in a word, useless. For the most part. Sure it indicates there’s an attachment on the list item but in the grand scheme of things that’s not overly informative. Maybe it is and by all means, if it makes sense to you include it. Colour it. Make it shine and stand like the Return of Clippy on every SharePoint list. Without it being functional it can be boring. EndUserSharePoint.com has an article to make the son of Clippy that much more useful so feel free to head over and check out this blog post by Paul Grenier on the task (Warning code ahead! Danger Will Robinson!) In any case, I would suggest you remove it from your views. Again if it’s important then include it but consider the jQuery solution above to make it functional. It’s added by default to views and one of things that people forget to clean up. Horizontal Scrolling Screen real estate is premium so building a list that contains 8,000 columns and stretches horizontally across 15 screens probably isn’t the most user friendly experience. Most users can’t figure out how to scroll vertically let alone horizontally so don’t make it even that more confusing for them. Take the Steve Krug approach in your view designs and try not to make the user think. Again views are your friend. Consider splitting up the data into views where one view contains 10 columns and other view contains the other 10. Okay, maybe your information doesn’t work that way but humans can only process 7 pieces of data at a time, 10 at most (then their heads explode and you don’t want to clean that mess up, especially on a Friday night before the big dance). It drives me batshit crazy when I see a view with 80 columns of data. I often ask the user “So what do you do with all this information”. The response is usually “With this data [the first 10 columns] I decide if I’m going to fire everyone, and with this data [the next 10 columns] I decide if I’m going to set the building on fire and collect the insurance”. It’s at that point I show them how to create two new views “People Who Are About To Get The Axe” and “Beach Time For The Executives”. Again, talk to your users and try to reason with them on cutting down the number of columns they see at once. Vertical Scrolling Another big faux pas I find is the use of multi-line comment fields in views. It’s not so bad when you have a statement like this in your view: “I really like, oh my god, thought I was going to scream when I saw this turtle then I decided what I was going to have for dinner and frankly I hate having to work late so when I was talking to the customer I thought, oh my god, what if the customer has turtles and then it appeared to me that I really was hungry so I'm going to have lunch now.” It’s fine if that’s the only column along with two or three others, but once you slap those 20 columns of data into the list, the comment field wraps and forms a new multi-page novel that takes up your entire screen. Do everyone a favour and just avoid adding the column to views. Train the user to just click through to the item if they need to see the contents. Duplicate Information Duplication is never good. Views and great as you can group data together. For example create a view of project status reports grouped by author. Then you can see what project manager is being a dip and not submitting their report. However if you group by author do you really need the Created By field as well in the view? Or if the view is grouped by Project then Author do you need both. Horizontal real estate is always at a premium so try not to clutter up the view with duplicate data like this. Oh  yeah, if you’re scratching your head saying “But Bil, if I don’t include the Project name in the view and I have a lot of items then how do I know which one I’m looking at”. That’s a hint that your grouping is too vague or you have too much data in the view based on that criteria. Filter it down a notch, create some views, and try to keep the group down to a single screen where you can see the group header at the top of the page. Again it’s just managing the information you have. Redundant, See Redundant This partially relates to duplicate information and smart columns but basically remember to not include the obvious in a view. Remember, don’t make me think. If you’ve gone to the trouble (and it was a lot of trouble wasn’t it?) to create separate views of your data by creating a “September Zombie Brain Sales”, “October Zombie Brain Sales”, etc. then please for the love of all that is holy do not include the Month and Product columns in your view. Similarly if you create a “My” view of anything (“My Favourite Brands of Spandex”, “My Co-Workers I Find The Urge To Disinfect”) then again, do not include the owner or author field (or whatever field you use to identify “My”). That’s just silly. Hope that helps! Happy customizing!

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• Is there any way to stop a window's title bar merging with the panel when maximised?

  - by Richard Turner

  I'm working on a desktop machine with plenty of screen real-estate, so I don't need my windows' title bars to merge with the global menu bar when the windows are maximised. Moreover, I'm working on a dual-screen set-up, so the fact that a window is maximised doesn't mean that it's the only window visible. Before Unity I'd switch to a maximised window by clicking on its title bar, or close the window, even though it isn't focused, by clicking on its close button; I can no longer do this because the title bar is missing and the global menu bar is empty on that screen. This isn't a huge problem - I can click on some of the window's chrome to focus it - but it's unintuitive and it's forcing me to relearn my mousing behaviour. I'd like to turn-off the merging of title and global menu bars, but how? EDIT: I simply want the title bar of the window NOT to merge with the top panel whenever I maximize a Window. The global menu should stay in the top panel as far as I am concerned. Current it maximizes like this I want it to maximize like this (In that screeny the unmaximized Window has been resized to take rest of the space)

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• XNA Easy Storage XBOX 360 High Scores

  - by user1003211

  To followup from a previous query - I need some help with the implementation of easystorage high scores, which is bringing up some errors on the xbox. I get the prompt screen, a savedevice is selected and a file are all created! However the file remains empty, (I've tried prepopulating but still get errors). The full portions of the scoring code can be found here: http://pastebin.com/74v897Yt The current issue in particular is in LoadHighScores() - "There is an error in XML document (0, 0)." under line data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream); I'm not sure whether this line is correct either: HighScoreData data = new HighScoreData(); public static HighScoreData LoadHighScores(string container, string filename) { HighScoreData data = new HighScoreData(); if (Global.SaveDevice.FileExists(container, filename)) { Global.SaveDevice.Load(container, filename, stream => { File.Open(Global.fileName_options, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read); try { // Read the data from the file XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(HighScoreData)); data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream); } finally { // Close the file stream.Close(); // stream.Dispose(); } }); } return (data); } I call: PromptMe(); when the Start button is pressed at the beginning. I call: if (Global.SaveDevice.IsReady){entries = LoadHighScores(HighScoresContainer, HighScoresFilename);} during the menu screen to try and display the highscore screen. I call: SaveHighScore(); when game ends. I've tried altering the struct code to a class but still no luck. Any help greatly appreciated.

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• How do I enable the globalmenu / appmenu on XFCE?

  - by Johann Philipp Strathausen

  I have tried various tricks I could find to install the global menu on xfce and lxde on the latest oneiric, but nothing worked. Does anyone have an idea on how to do that? Thanks. Here's what I've tried so far: the gnome global menu panel plugin (for lucid) via the xfapplet plugin (not in the official repos anymore) that can embedd gnome plugins into the xfce panel - unfortunately, the globalmenu doesn't show up in the xfapplet list of available gnome plugins (there's only one item in it) all instructions from an older question about globalmenu and its duplicate compiling manually the latest version from gnome2-globalmenu there is another question along with a solution for XFCE 4.8, but it's not working on Oneiric. It is also proposing to install the global menu applet from gnome using it via xfapplet. I've even found an XFCE-plugin for the global menu, but it keeps crashing when I add it to the panel - also I could not install all the packages due to some unmet dependencies I've added some code to ~/.config/xfce4/xinitrc as described in 10. of the FAQ of gnome2-globalmenu though I'm not sure what effect this should have.

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• Applying WCAG 2.0 to Non-Web ICT: second draft published from WCAG2ICT Task Force - for public review

  - by Peter Korn

  Last Thursday the W3C published an updated Working Draft of Guidance on Applying WCAG 2.0 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies. As I noted last July when the first draft was published, the motivation for this guidance comes from the Section 508 refresh draft, and also the European Mandate 376 draft, both of which seek to apply the WCAG 2.0 level A and AA Success Criteria to non-web ICT documents and software. This second Working Draft represents a major step forward in harmonization with the December 5th, 2012 Mandate 376 draft documents, including specifically Draft EN 301549 "European accessibility requirements for public procurement of ICT products and services". This work greatly increases the likelihood of harmonization between the European and American technical standards for accessibility, for web sites and web applications, non-web documents, and non-web software. As I noted last October at the European Policy Centre event: "The Accessibility Act – Ensuring access to goods and services across the EU", and again last month at the follow-up EPC event: "Accessibility - From European challenge to global opportunity", "There isn't a 'German Macular Degernation', a 'French Cerebral Palsy', an 'American Autism Spectrum Disorder'. Disabilities are part of the human condition. They’re not unique to any one country or geography – just like ICT. Even the built environment – phones, trains and cars – is the same worldwide. The definition of ‘accessible’ should be global – and the solutions should be too. Harmonization should be global, and not just EU-wide. It doesn’t make sense for the EU to have a different definition to the US or Japan." With these latest drafts from the W3C and Mandate 376 team, we've moved a major step forward toward that goal of a global "definition of 'accessible' ICT." I strongly encourage all interested parties to read the Call for Review, and to submit comments during the current review period, which runs through 15 February 2013. Comments should be sent to public-wcag2ict-comments-AT-w3.org. I want to thank my colleagues on the WCAG2ICT Task Force for the incredible time and energy and expertise they brought to this work - including particularly my co-authors Judy Brewer, Loïc Martínez Normand, Mike Pluke, Andi Snow-Weaver, and Gregg Vanderheiden; and the document editors Michael Cooper, and Andi Snow-Weaver.

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• Displaying device contacts with an indication that the contact is registered to the app

  - by Prasanna Aarthi

  We are developing a mobile app that needs to pick up device contacts, display them and indicate if the contact has already registered with this app. We have our DB in the server and the app fetches data using web services. What will be the best approach to implement the above scenario taking performance into consideration. Option 1: Every time user opens the app,fetch the contacts and send the list of email addresses to the server, check with the registered email ids and return the list of registered users in the contact list. In this approach whenever user opens the particular page, he needs to wait for few seconds to load data, but the contacts will be the latest from the device. Option 2: First time when the user opens the app, fetch contacts ,send the entire list of contacts and save it in the DB, retrieve list of registered users in the contacts then save this to local DB. From now on, data will be fetched from local DB and displayed. When a new user registers in the app, again check with records in central DB and send list of new users who are in your contacts that have registered to your app. This list will be added to local DB. and the process continues. In this case the new contacts added by user will not be updated in the app but retrieval and display of records would be quick. What would be the correct approach? In case there is a better way of doing this, please let me know.

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• How to expose game data in the game without a singelton?

  - by zardon

  I'm quite new to cocos2d and games programming, and am currently I am writing a game that is currently in Prototype stage. Everything is going okay, but I've realized a potentially big problem and I am not sure how to solve it. I am using a singelton to store a bunch of arrays for everything, a global list of planets, a global list of troops, a global list of products, etc. And only now I'm realizing that all of this will be in memory and this is the wrong way to do it. I am not storing files or anything on the disk just yet, with exception to a save/load state, which is a capture of everything. My game makes use of a map which allows you to select a planet, then it will give you a breakdown of that planets troops and resources, Lets use this scenario: My game has 20 planets. On which you can have 20 troops. Straight away that's an array of 400! This does not add the NPC, which is another 10. So, 20x10 = 200 So, now we have 600 all in arrays inside a Singelton. This is obviously very bad, and very wrong. Especially as the game scales in the amount of data. But I need to expose pretty much everything, especially on the map page, and I am not sure how else to do it. I've been told that I can use a controller for the map page which has the information I need for each planet, and other controllers for other items I require global display for. I've also thought about storing each planet's data in a save file, using initWithCoder however there could be a boatload of files on the user's device? I really don't want to use a database, mainly because I would need to translate NSObjects and non-NSObjects like CGRects and CGPoints and Colors into/from SQL. I am open to other ideas on how to store and read game data to prevent using a singelton to store everything, everywhere. Thanks for your time.

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• Redirecting to a dynamic page

  - by binarydev

  I have a page displaying blog posts (latest_posts.php) and another page that display single blog posts (blog.php) . I intend to link the image title in latest_posts.php so that it redirects to blog.php where it would display the particular post that was clicked. latest_posts.php: <!-- Header --> <h2 class="underline"> <span>What&#039;s new</span> <span></span> </h2> <!-- /Header --> <!-- Posts list --> <ul class="post-list post-list-1"> <?php /* Fetches Date/Time, Post Content and title */ include 'dbconnect.php'; $sql = "SELECT * FROM wp_posts"; $res = mysql_query($sql); while ( $row = mysql_fetch_array($res) ) { ?> <!-- Post #1 --> <li class="clear-fix"> <!-- Date --> <div class="post-list-date"> <div class="post-date-box"> <?php //Timestamp broken down to show accordingly $timestamp = $row['post_date']; $datetime = new DateTime($timestamp); $date = $datetime->format("d"); $month = $datetime->format("M"); ?> <h3> <?php echo $date; ?> </h3> <span> <?php echo $month; ?> </span> </div> </div> <!-- /Date --> <!-- Image + comments count --> <div class="post-list-image"> <!-- Image --> <div class="image image-overlay-url image-fancybox-url"> <a href="post.php" class="preloader-image"> <?php echo '<img src="', $row['image'], '" alt="' , $row['post_title'] , '\'s Blog Image" />'; ?> </a> </div> <!-- /Image --> </div> <!-- /Image + comments count --> <!-- Content --> <div class="post-list-content"> <div> <!-- Header --> <h4> <a href="post.php? . $row['ID'] . "> <?php echo $row['post_title']; ?> </a> </h4> <!-- /Header --> <!-- Excerpt --> <p> <?php echo $row ['post_content']; }?> </p> <!-- /Excerpt --> </div> </div> <!-- /Content --> </li> <!-- /Post #1 --> </ul> <!-- /Posts list --> <a href="blog.php" class="button-browse">Browse All Posts</a> </div> <?php require_once('include/twitter_user_timeline.php'); ?> blog.php: <?php require_once('include/header.php'); ?> <body class="blog"> <?php require_once('include/navigation_bar_blog.php'); ?> <div class="blog"> <div class="main"> <!-- Header --> <h2 class="underline"> <span>What&#039;s new</span> <span></span> </h2> <!-- /Header --> <!-- Layout 66x33 --> <div class="layout-p-66x33 clear-fix"> <!-- Left column --> <!-- <div class="column-left"> --> <!-- Posts list --> <ul class="post-list post-list-2"> <?php /* Fetches Date/Time, Post Content and title with Pagination */ include 'dbconnect.php'; //sets to default page if(empty($_GET['pn'])){ $page=1; } else { $page = $_GET['pn']; } // Index of the page $index = ($page-1)*3; $sql = "SELECT * FROM `wp_posts` ORDER BY `post_date` DESC LIMIT " . $index . " ,3"; $res = mysql_query($sql); //Loops through the values while ( $row = mysql_fetch_array($res) ) { ?> <!-- Post #1 --> <li class="clear-fix"> <!-- Date --> <div class="post-list-date"> <div class="post-date-box"> <?php //Timestamp broken down to show accordingly $timestamp = $row['post_date']; $datetime = new DateTime($timestamp); $date = $datetime->format("d"); $month = $datetime->format("M"); ?> <h3> <?php echo $date; ?> </h3> <span> <?php echo $month; ?> </span> </div> </div> <!-- /Date --> <!-- Image + comments count --> <div class="post-list-image"> <!-- Image --> <div class="image image-overlay-url image-fancybox-url"> <a href="post.php" class="preloader-image"> <?php echo '<img src="', $row['image'], '" alt="' , $row['post_title'] , '\'s Blog Image" />'; ?> </a> </div> <!-- /Image --> </div> <!-- /Image + comments count --> <!-- Content --> <div class="post-list-content"> <div> <?php $id = $_GET['ID']; $post = lookup_post_somehow($id); if($post) { // render post } else { echo 'blog post not found..'; } ?> <!-- Header --> <h4> <a href="post.php"> <?php echo $row['post_title']; ?> </a> </h4> <!-- /Header --> <!-- Excerpt --> <p> <?php echo $row ['post_content']; ?> </p> <!-- /Excerpt --> </div> </div> <!-- /Content --> </li> <!-- /Post #1 --> <?php } // close while loop ?> </ul> <!-- /Posts list --> <div><!-- Pagination --> <ul class="blog-pagination clear-fix"> <?php //Count the number of rows $numberofrows = mysql_query("SELECT COUNT(ID) FROM `wp_posts`"); //Do ciel() to round the result according to number of posts $postsperpage = 4; $numOfPages = ceil($numberofrows / $postsperpage); for($i=1; $i < $numOfPages; $i++) { //echos links for each page $paginationDisplay = '<li><a href="blog.php?pn=' . $i . '">' . $i . '</a></li>'; echo $paginationDisplay; } ?> <!-- <li><a href="#" class="selected">1</a></li> <li><a href="#">2</a></li> <li><a href="#">3</a></li> <li><a href="#">4</a></li> --> </ul> </div><!-- /Pagination --> <!-- /div> --> <!-- Left column --> </div> <!-- /Layout 66x33 --> </div> </div> <?php require_once('include/twitter_user_timeline.php'); ?> <?php require_once('include/footer_blog.php'); ?> How do I render?

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• Database Migration Scripts: Getting from place A to place B

  - by Phil Factor

  We’ll be looking at a typical database ‘migration’ script which uses an unusual technique to migrate existing ‘de-normalised’ data into a more correct form. So, the book-distribution business that uses the PUBS database has gradually grown organically, and has slipped into ‘de-normalisation’ habits. What’s this? A new column with a list of tags or ‘types’ assigned to books. Because books aren’t really in just one category, someone has ‘cured’ the mismatch between the database and the business requirements. This is fine, but it is now proving difficult for their new website that allows searches by tags. Any request for history book really has to look in the entire list of associated tags rather than the ‘Type’ field that only keeps the primary tag. We have other problems. The TypleList column has duplicates in there which will be affecting the reporting, and there is the danger of mis-spellings getting there. The reporting system can’t be persuaded to do reports based on the tags and the Database developers are complaining about the unCoddly things going on in their database. In your version of PUBS, this extra column doesn’t exist, so we’ve added it and put in 10,000 titles using SQL Data Generator. /* So how do we refactor this database? firstly, we create a table of all the tags. */IF  OBJECT_ID('TagName') IS NULL OR OBJECT_ID('TagTitle') IS NULL  BEGIN  CREATE TABLE  TagName (TagName_ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY ,     Tag VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE)  /* ...and we insert into it all the tags from the list (remembering to take out any leading spaces */  INSERT INTO TagName (Tag)     SELECT DISTINCT LTRIM(x.y.value('.', 'Varchar(80)')) AS [Tag]     FROM     (SELECT  Title_ID,          CONVERT(XML, '<list><i>' + REPLACE(TypeList, ',', '</i><i>') + '</i></list>')          AS XMLkeywords          FROM   dbo.titles)g    CROSS APPLY XMLkeywords.nodes('/list/i/text()') AS x ( y )  /* we can then use this table to provide a table that relates tags to articles */  CREATE TABLE TagTitle   (TagTitle_ID INT IDENTITY(1, 1),   [title_id] [dbo].[tid] NOT NULL REFERENCES titles (Title_ID),   TagName_ID INT NOT NULL REFERENCES TagName (Tagname_ID)   CONSTRAINT [PK_TagTitle]       PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([title_id] ASC, TagName_ID)       ON [PRIMARY])        CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX idxTagName_ID  ON  TagTitle (TagName_ID)  INCLUDE (TagTitle_ID,title_id)        /* ...and it is easy to fill this with the tags for each title ... */        INSERT INTO TagTitle (Title_ID, TagName_ID)    SELECT DISTINCT Title_ID, TagName_ID      FROM        (SELECT  Title_ID,          CONVERT(XML, '<list><i>' + REPLACE(TypeList, ',', '</i><i>') + '</i></list>')          AS XMLkeywords          FROM   dbo.titles)g    CROSS APPLY XMLkeywords.nodes('/list/i/text()') AS x ( y )    INNER JOIN TagName ON TagName.Tag=LTRIM(x.y.value('.', 'Varchar(80)'))    END    /* That's all there was to it. Now we can select all titles that have the military tag, just to try things out */SELECT Title FROM titles  INNER JOIN TagTitle ON titles.title_ID=TagTitle.Title_ID  INNER JOIN Tagname ON Tagname.TagName_ID=TagTitle.TagName_ID  WHERE tagname.tag='Military'/* and see the top ten most popular tags for titles */SELECT Tag, COUNT(*) FROM titles  INNER JOIN TagTitle ON titles.title_ID=TagTitle.Title_ID  INNER JOIN Tagname ON Tagname.TagName_ID=TagTitle.TagName_ID  GROUP BY Tag ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC/* and if you still want your list of tags for each title, then here they are */SELECT title_ID, title, STUFF(  (SELECT ','+tagname.tag FROM titles thisTitle    INNER JOIN TagTitle ON titles.title_ID=TagTitle.Title_ID    INNER JOIN Tagname ON Tagname.TagName_ID=TagTitle.TagName_ID  WHERE ThisTitle.title_id=titles.title_ID  FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'varchar(max)')  ,1,1,'')    FROM titles  ORDER BY title_ID So we’ve refactored our PUBS database without pain. We’ve even put in a check to prevent it being re-run once the new tables are created. Here is the diagram of the new tag relationship We’ve done both the DDL to create the tables and their associated components, and the DML to put the data in them. I could have also included the script to remove the de-normalised TypeList column, but I’d do a whole lot of tests first before doing that. Yes, I’ve left out the assertion tests too, which should check the edge cases and make sure the result is what you’d expect. One thing I can’t quite figure out is how to deal with an ordered list using this simple XML-based technique. We can ensure that, if we have to produce a list of tags, we can get the primary ‘type’ to be first in the list, but what if the entire order is significant? Thank goodness it isn’t in this case. If it were, we might have to revisit a string-splitter function that returns the ordinal position of each component in the sequence. You’ll see immediately that we can create a synchronisation script for deployment from a comparison tool such as SQL Compare, to change the schema (DDL). On the other hand, no tool could do the DML to stuff the data into the new table, since there is no way that any tool will be able to work out where the data should go. We used some pretty hairy code to deal with a slightly untypical problem. We would have to do this migration by hand, and it has to go into source control as a batch. If most of your database changes are to be deployed by an automated process, then there must be a way of over-riding this part of the data synchronisation process to do this part of the process taking the part of the script that fills the tables, Checking that the tables have not already been filled, and executing it as part of the transaction. Of course, you might prefer the approach I’ve taken with the script of creating the tables in the same batch as the data conversion process, and then using the presence of the tables to prevent the script from being re-run. The problem with scripting a refactoring change to a database is that it has to work both ways. If we install the new system and then have to rollback the changes, several books may have been added, or had their tags changed, in the meantime. Yes, you have to script any rollback! These have to be mercilessly tested, and put in source control just in case of the rollback of a deployment after it has been in place for any length of time. I’ve shown you how to do this with the part of the script .. /* and if you still want your list of tags for each title, then here they are */SELECT title_ID, title, STUFF(  (SELECT ','+tagname.tag FROM titles thisTitle    INNER JOIN TagTitle ON titles.title_ID=TagTitle.Title_ID    INNER JOIN Tagname ON Tagname.TagName_ID=TagTitle.TagName_ID  WHERE ThisTitle.title_id=titles.title_ID  FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'varchar(max)')  ,1,1,'')    FROM titles  ORDER BY title_ID …which would be turned into an UPDATE … FROM script. UPDATE titles SET  typelist= ThisTaglistFROM     (SELECT title_ID, title, STUFF(    (SELECT ','+tagname.tag FROM titles thisTitle      INNER JOIN TagTitle ON titles.title_ID=TagTitle.Title_ID      INNER JOIN Tagname ON Tagname.TagName_ID=TagTitle.TagName_ID    WHERE ThisTitle.title_id=titles.title_ID    ORDER BY CASE WHEN tagname.tag=titles.[type] THEN 1 ELSE 0  END DESC    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'varchar(max)')    ,1,1,'')  AS ThisTagList  FROM titles)fINNER JOIN Titles ON f.title_ID=Titles.title_ID You’ll notice that it isn’t quite a round trip because the tags are in a different order, though we’ve managed to make sure that the primary tag is the first one as originally. So, we’ve improved the database for the poor book distributors using PUBS. It is not a major deal but you’ve got to be prepared to provide a migration script that will go both forwards and backwards. Ideally, database refactoring scripts should be able to go from any version to any other. Schema synchronization scripts can do this pretty easily, but no data synchronisation scripts can deal with serious refactoring jobs without the developers being able to specify how to deal with cases like this.

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• MultiSelectChoice: How to get underlying values selected

  - by Vijay Mohan

  Let's say you include a multiselectchoice component in your jspx/jsff page, which has <f;selectItem> or <af:forEach> binded to a VO iterator to populate the multiselectchoice and the value property of which is binded to a List attribute binding.When the user selects some items in that choice List then u want the actual values to be posted.You can check the valuepassthrough flag to true , but many a times it doesn't help and you end up getting the indexes of multiselect values.Here is a way to get the actual values..Lets say in the bean u have a utility method to achieve this as follows..You can associate a valueChangeListener for the multiselectchoice as follows..public void onValueChangeOfLOV(ValueChangeEvent valueChangeEvent) { //get array of indexes of selected items in master list List valueIndexes = (List)valueChangeEvent.getNewValue(); String concatCodes = returnSelectmanyChoiceValues(valueIndexes,"YourIterator", "YourAttribute"); } public String returnSelectmanyChoiceValues(List valueIndexes,String iterName, String idAttrName){ DCBindingContainer dc = (DCBindingContainer)BindingContext.getCurrent().getCurrentBindingsEntry(); DCIteratorBinding iter = dc.findIteratorBinding(iterName); ViewObject vo = iter.getViewObject(); String codes = ""; for(Object index : valueIndexes){ String iIndex = (String)index; Row row = vo.getRowAtRangeIndex(Integer.parseInt(iIndex)); codes = codes +(String)row.getAttribute(idAttrName)+","; } //remove last "," if(codes.endsWith(",")) codes = codes.substring(0,codes.lastIndexOf(",")); return codes; }This will return u a comma separated values of the selected items. if you want thenYou can store it in a List.

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• How should I start refactoring my mostly-procedural C++ application?

  - by oob

  We have a program written in C++ that is mostly procedural, but we do use some C++ containers from the standard library (vector, map, list, etc). We are constantly making changes to this code, so I wouldn't call it a stagnant piece of legacy code that we can just wrap up. There are a lot of issues with this code making it harder and harder for us to make changes, but I see the three biggest issues being: Many of the functions do more (way more) than one thing We violate the DRY principle left and right We have global variables and global state up the wazoo. I was thinking we should attack areas 1 and 2 first. Along the way, we can "de-globalize" our smaller functions from the bottom up by passing in information that is currently global as parameters to the lower level functions from the higher level functions and then concentrate on figuring out how to removing the need for global variables as much as possible. I just finished reading Code Complete 2 and The Pragmatic Programmer, and I learned a lot, but I am feeling overwhelmed. I would like to implement unit testing, change from a procedural to OO approach, automate testing, use a better logging system, fully validate all input, implement better error handling and many other things, but I know if we start all this at once, we would screw ourselves. I am thinking the three I listed are the most important to start with. Any suggestions are welcome. We are a team of two programmers mostly with experience with in-house scripting. It is going to be hard to justify taking the time to refactor, especially if we can't bill the time to a client. Believe it or not, this project has been successful enough to keep us busy full time and also keep several consultants busy using it for client work.

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• Binding in the view or the controller?

  - by da_b0uncer

  I've seen 2 different approaches with MVC on the web. One, like in ExtJS, is to bind the callbacks to the view via the controller. Finding every element on the view and adding the functionallity. The other, like in angular.js and in the lift-framework server-side, too, is to bind in the views and just write the functionallity in the controller. Which is better and cleaner? The ExtJS approach has dumb views and all the logic in the controller. Which seems clean to me. I had problems with global IDs for GUI-elements or relative navigation to GUI-elements in this approach. When I changed the view, the controller couldn't find the buttons anymore or I had multiple instances of one button with the same ID on a single application, because of the global ID. But I solved this with IDs that are only global in a view and can be on the application multiple times. So I could mess with the (dumb) views layout and design and the functionallity wouldn't break. The angular.js approach with the bindings in the view don't has the problem with global IDs. Also, the person who changes something in the view layout has to know the IDs anyway, so the controller can put the data at the right spot. So if I write <a ng-click="doThis()" /> for angular.js and implement doThis() or <a lid="buttonwhichdoesthis" /> for extjs and find the element with the local id and add doThis() as handler on the controller side, seems to be not so different. The only thing is, the second one has one more layer of indirection, which seems cleaner. The first one seems somehow to cost less effort.

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• Trying to make a game with C++, using lists to store bullets and enemies, but they are not erased

  - by XD_dued

  I've been trying to make a pretty simple space shooter game with C++, and I have been having a lot of trouble trying to use lists to store enemies and bullets. Basically I followed the post here almost exactly to store my bullets: SDL Bullet Movement I've done something similar to store my enemies. However, when I call bullets.erase(it++), for some reason the bullet is not erased. When the bullet movement is run for the next frame, it tries to re delete the bullet and segfaults the program. When I comment out the erase line, it runs fine, but the bullets are then never erased from the list... Is there any reason why the elements of the list aren't being deleted? I also set it up to print the number of elements in the list for every iteration, and it does not go down after deleting. Thanks! EDIT: Here's the specific code I'm using to store my enemies and having them act: std::list<Grunt*> doGrunts(std::list<Grunt*> grunts) { for(std::list<Grunt*>::iterator it = grunts.begin(); it != grunts.end();) { if((*it)->getHull() == 0) { delete * it; grunts.erase(it++); } else { (**it).doUnit(grunts, it); ++it; } } } Grunt is my enemy class, and the list grunts is a global variable. Is that my problem? When I pass the global into the function it becomes local? I assumed lists would be a reference type so thought this wouldn't be a problem. Sorry if this was a dumb question, I'm very new to C++, this is the first major thing I'm working on.

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• The dynamic Type in C# Simplifies COM Member Access from Visual FoxPro

  - by Rick Strahl

  I’ve written quite a bit about Visual FoxPro interoperating with .NET in the past both for ASP.NET interacting with Visual FoxPro COM objects as well as Visual FoxPro calling into .NET code via COM Interop. COM Interop with Visual FoxPro has a number of problems but one of them at least got a lot easier with the introduction of dynamic type support in .NET. One of the biggest problems with COM interop has been that it’s been really difficult to pass dynamic objects from FoxPro to .NET and get them properly typed. The only way that any strong typing can occur in .NET for FoxPro components is via COM type library exports of Visual FoxPro components. Due to limitations in Visual FoxPro’s type library support as well as the dynamic nature of the Visual FoxPro language where few things are or can be described in the form of a COM type library, a lot of useful interaction between FoxPro and .NET required the use of messy Reflection code in .NET. Reflection is .NET’s base interface to runtime type discovery and dynamic execution of code without requiring strong typing. In FoxPro terms it’s similar to EVALUATE() functionality albeit with a much more complex API and corresponiding syntax. The Reflection APIs are fairly powerful, but they are rather awkward to use and require a lot of code. Even with the creation of wrapper utility classes for common EVAL() style Reflection functionality dynamically access COM objects passed to .NET often is pretty tedious and ugly. Let’s look at a simple example. In the following code I use some FoxPro code to dynamically create an object in code and then pass this object to .NET. An alternative to this might also be to create a new object on the fly by using SCATTER NAME on a database record. How the object is created is inconsequential, other than the fact that it’s not defined as a COM object – it’s a pure FoxPro object that is passed to .NET. Here’s the code: *** Create .NET COM InstanceloNet = CREATEOBJECT('DotNetCom.DotNetComPublisher') *** Create a Customer Object Instance (factory method) loCustomer = GetCustomer() loCustomer.Name = "Rick Strahl" loCustomer.Company = "West Wind Technologies" loCustomer.creditLimit = 9999999999.99 loCustomer.Address.StreetAddress = "32 Kaiea Place" loCustomer.Address.Phone = "808 579-8342" loCustomer.Address.Email = "[email protected]" *** Pass Fox Object and echo back values ? loNet.PassRecordObject(loObject) RETURN FUNCTION GetCustomer LOCAL loCustomer, loAddress loCustomer = CREATEOBJECT("EMPTY") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Name","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Company","") ADDPROPERTY(loCUstomer,"CreditLimit",0.00) ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Entered",DATETIME()) loAddress = CREATEOBJECT("Empty") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"StreetAddress","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Phone","") ADDPROPERTY(loAddress,"Email","") ADDPROPERTY(loCustomer,"Address",loAddress) RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC Now prior to .NET 4.0 you’d have to access this object passed to .NET via Reflection and the method code to do this would looks something like this in the .NET component: public string PassRecordObject(object FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = (string) FoxObject.GetType().InvokeMember( "Company", BindingFlags.GetProperty,null, FoxObject,null); // using the easier ComUtils wrappers string Name = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Name"); // Getting Address object – then getting child properties object Address = ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"Address");    string Street = (string) ComUtils.GetProperty(FoxObject,"StreetAddress"); // using ComUtils 'Ex' functions you can use . Syntax     string StreetAddress = (string) ComUtils.GetPropertyEx(FoxObject,"AddressStreetAddress"); return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + StreetAddress + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } Note that the FoxObject is passed in as type object which has no specific type. Since the object doesn’t exist in .NET as a type signature the object is passed without any specific type information as plain non-descript object. To retrieve a property the Reflection APIs like Type.InvokeMember or Type.GetProperty().GetValue() etc. need to be used. I made this code a little simpler by using the Reflection Wrappers I mentioned earlier but even with those ComUtils calls the code is pretty ugly requiring passing the objects for each call and casting each element. Using .NET 4.0 Dynamic Typing makes this Code a lot cleaner Enter .NET 4.0 and the dynamic type. Replacing the input parameter to the .NET method from type object to dynamic makes the code to access the FoxPro component inside of .NET much more natural: public string PassRecordObjectDynamic(dynamic FoxObject) { // *** using raw Reflection string Company = FoxObject.Company; // *** using the easier ComUtils class string Name = FoxObject.Name; // *** using ComUtils 'ex' functions to use . Syntax string Address = FoxObject.Address.StreetAddress; return Name + Environment.NewLine + Company + Environment.NewLine + Address + Environment.NewLine + " FOX"; } As you can see the parameter is of type dynamic which as the name implies performs Reflection lookups and evaluation on the fly so all the Reflection code in the last example goes away. The code can use regular object ‘.’ syntax to reference each of the members of the object. You can access properties and call methods this way using natural object language. Also note that all the type casts that were required in the Reflection code go away – dynamic types like var can infer the type to cast to based on the target assignment. As long as the type can be inferred by the compiler at compile time (ie. the left side of the expression is strongly typed) no explicit casts are required. Note that although you get to use plain object syntax in the code above you don’t get Intellisense in Visual Studio because the type is dynamic and thus has no hard type definition in .NET . The above example calls a .NET Component from VFP, but it also works the other way around. Another frequent scenario is an .NET code calling into a FoxPro COM object that returns a dynamic result. Assume you have a FoxPro COM object returns a FoxPro Cursor Record as an object: DEFINE CLASS FoxData AS SESSION OlePublic cAppStartPath = "" FUNCTION INIT THIS.cAppStartPath = ADDBS( JustPath(Application.ServerName) ) SET PATH TO ( THIS.cAppStartpath ) ENDFUNC FUNCTION GetRecord(lnPk) LOCAL loCustomer SELECT * FROM tt_Cust WHERE pk = lnPk ; INTO CURSOR TCustomer IF _TALLY < 1 RETURN NULL ENDIF SCATTER NAME loCustomer MEMO RETURN loCustomer ENDFUNC ENDDEFINE If you call this from a .NET application you can now retrieve this data via COM Interop and cast the result as dynamic to simplify the data access of the dynamic FoxPro type that was created on the fly: int pk = 0; int.TryParse(Request.QueryString["id"],out pk); // Create Fox COM Object with Com Callable Wrapper FoxData foxData = new FoxData(); dynamic foxRecord = foxData.GetRecord(pk); string company = foxRecord.Company; DateTime entered = foxRecord.Entered; This code looks simple and natural as it should be – heck you could write code like this in days long gone by in scripting languages like ASP classic for example. Compared to the Reflection code that previously was necessary to run similar code this is much easier to write, understand and maintain. For COM interop and Visual FoxPro operation dynamic type support in .NET 4.0 is a huge improvement and certainly makes it much easier to deal with FoxPro code that calls into .NET. Regardless of whether you’re using COM for calling Visual FoxPro objects from .NET (ASP.NET calling a COM component and getting a dynamic result returned) or whether FoxPro code is calling into a .NET COM component from a FoxPro desktop application. At one point or another FoxPro likely ends up passing complex dynamic data to .NET and for this the dynamic typing makes coding much cleaner and more readable without having to create custom Reflection wrappers. As a bonus the dynamic runtime that underlies the dynamic type is fairly efficient in terms of making Reflection calls especially if members are repeatedly accessed. © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2010Posted in COM  FoxPro  .NET  CSharp  

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• How to Reuse Your Old Wi-Fi Router as a Network Switch

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Just because your old Wi-Fi router has been replaced by a newer model doesn’t mean it needs to gather dust in the closet. Read on as we show you how to take an old and underpowered Wi-Fi router and turn it into a respectable network switch (saving your $20 in the process). Image by mmgallan. Why Do I Want To Do This? Wi-Fi technology has changed significantly in the last ten years but Ethernet-based networking has changed very little. As such, a Wi-Fi router with 2006-era guts is lagging significantly behind current Wi-Fi router technology, but the Ethernet networking component of the device is just as useful as ever; aside from potentially being only 100Mbs instead of 1000Mbs capable (which for 99% of home applications is irrelevant) Ethernet is Ethernet. What does this matter to you, the consumer? It means that even though your old router doesn’t hack it for your Wi-Fi needs any longer the device is still a perfectly serviceable (and high quality) network switch. When do you need a network switch? Any time you want to share an Ethernet cable among multiple devices, you need a switch. For example, let’s say you have a single Ethernet wall jack behind your entertainment center. Unfortunately you have four devices that you want to link to your local network via hardline including your smart HDTV, DVR, Xbox, and a little Raspberry Pi running XBMC. Instead of spending $20-30 to purchase a brand new switch of comparable build quality to your old Wi-Fi router it makes financial sense (and is environmentally friendly) to invest five minutes of your time tweaking the settings on the old router to turn it from a Wi-Fi access point and routing tool into a network switch–perfect for dropping behind your entertainment center so that your DVR, Xbox, and media center computer can all share an Ethernet connection. What Do I Need? For this tutorial you’ll need a few things, all of which you likely have readily on hand or are free for download. To follow the basic portion of the tutorial, you’ll need the following: 1 Wi-Fi router with Ethernet ports 1 Computer with Ethernet jack 1 Ethernet cable For the advanced tutorial you’ll need all of those things, plus: 1 copy of DD-WRT firmware for your Wi-Fi router We’re conducting the experiment with a Linksys WRT54GL Wi-Fi router. The WRT54 series is one of the best selling Wi-Fi router series of all time and there’s a good chance a significant number of readers have one (or more) of them stuffed in an office closet. Even if you don’t have one of the WRT54 series routers, however, the principles we’re outlining here apply to all Wi-Fi routers; as long as your router administration panel allows the necessary changes you can follow right along with us. A quick note on the difference between the basic and advanced versions of this tutorial before we proceed. Your typical Wi-Fi router has 5 Ethernet ports on the back: 1 labeled “Internet”, “WAN”, or a variation thereof and intended to be connected to your DSL/Cable modem, and 4 labeled 1-4 intended to connect Ethernet devices like computers, printers, and game consoles directly to the Wi-Fi router. When you convert a Wi-Fi router to a switch, in most situations, you’ll lose two port as the “Internet” port cannot be used as a normal switch port and one of the switch ports becomes the input port for the Ethernet cable linking the switch to the main network. This means, referencing the diagram above, you’d lose the WAN port and LAN port 1, but retain LAN ports 2, 3, and 4 for use. If you only need to switch for 2-3 devices this may be satisfactory. However, for those of you that would prefer a more traditional switch setup where there is a dedicated WAN port and the rest of the ports are accessible, you’ll need to flash a third-party router firmware like the powerful DD-WRT onto your device. Doing so opens up the router to a greater degree of modification and allows you to assign the previously reserved WAN port to the switch, thus opening up LAN ports 1-4. Even if you don’t intend to use that extra port, DD-WRT offers you so many more options that it’s worth the extra few steps. Preparing Your Router for Life as a Switch Before we jump right in to shutting down the Wi-Fi functionality and repurposing your device as a network switch, there are a few important prep steps to attend to. First, you want to reset the router (if you just flashed a new firmware to your router, skip this step). Following the reset procedures for your particular router or go with what is known as the “Peacock Method” wherein you hold down the reset button for thirty seconds, unplug the router and wait (while still holding the reset button) for thirty seconds, and then plug it in while, again, continuing to hold down the rest button. Over the life of a router there are a variety of changes made, big and small, so it’s best to wipe them all back to the factory default before repurposing the router as a switch. Second, after resetting, we need to change the IP address of the device on the local network to an address which does not directly conflict with the new router. The typical default IP address for a home router is 192.168.1.1; if you ever need to get back into the administration panel of the router-turned-switch to check on things or make changes it will be a real hassle if the IP address of the device conflicts with the new home router. The simplest way to deal with this is to assign an address close to the actual router address but outside the range of addresses that your router will assign via the DHCP client; a good pick then is 192.168.1.2. Once the router is reset (or re-flashed) and has been assigned a new IP address, it’s time to configure it as a switch. Basic Router to Switch Configuration If you don’t want to (or need to) flash new firmware onto your device to open up that extra port, this is the section of the tutorial for you: we’ll cover how to take a stock router, our previously mentioned WRT54 series Linksys, and convert it to a switch. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (consider the WAN port as good as dead from this point forward, unless you start using the router in its traditional function again or later flash a more advanced firmware to the device, the port is officially retired at this point). Open the administration control panel via  web browser on a connected computer. Before we get started two things: first,  anything we don’t explicitly instruct you to change should be left in the default factory-reset setting as you find it, and two, change the settings in the order we list them as some settings can’t be changed after certain features are disabled. To start, let’s navigate to Setup ->Basic Setup. Here you need to change the following things: Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable Save with the “Save Settings” button and then navigate to Setup -> Advanced Routing: Operating Mode: Router This particular setting is very counterintuitive. The “Operating Mode” toggle tells the device whether or not it should enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)  feature. Because we’re turning a smart piece of networking hardware into a relatively dumb one, we don’t need this feature so we switch from Gateway mode (NAT on) to Router mode (NAT off). Our next stop is Wireless -> Basic Wireless Settings: Wireless SSID Broadcast: Disable Wireless Network Mode: Disabled After disabling the wireless we’re going to, again, do something counterintuitive. Navigate to Wireless -> Wireless Security and set the following parameters: Security Mode: WPA2 Personal WPA Algorithms: TKIP+AES WPA Shared Key: [select some random string of letters, numbers, and symbols like JF#d$di!Hdgio890] Now you may be asking yourself, why on Earth are we setting a rather secure Wi-Fi configuration on a Wi-Fi router we’re not going to use as a Wi-Fi node? On the off chance that something strange happens after, say, a power outage when your router-turned-switch cycles on and off a bunch of times and the Wi-Fi functionality is activated we don’t want to be running the Wi-Fi node wide open and granting unfettered access to your network. While the chances of this are next-to-nonexistent, it takes only a few seconds to apply the security measure so there’s little reason not to. Save your changes and navigate to Security ->Firewall. Uncheck everything but Filter Multicast Firewall Protect: Disable At this point you can save your changes again, review the changes you’ve made to ensure they all stuck, and then deploy your “new” switch wherever it is needed. Advanced Router to Switch Configuration For the advanced configuration, you’ll need a copy of DD-WRT installed on your router. Although doing so is an extra few steps, it gives you a lot more control over the process and liberates an extra port on the device. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (later you can switch the cable to the WAN port). Open the administration control panel via web browser on the connected computer. Navigate to the Setup -> Basic Setup tab to get started. In the Basic Setup tab, ensure the following settings are adjusted. The setting changes are not optional and are required to turn the Wi-Fi router into a switch. WAN Connection Type: Disabled Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable In addition to disabling the DHCP server, also uncheck all the DNSMasq boxes as the bottom of the DHCP sub-menu. If you want to activate the extra port (and why wouldn’t you), in the WAN port section: Assign WAN Port to Switch [X] At this point the router has become a switch and you have access to the WAN port so the LAN ports are all free. Since we’re already in the control panel, however, we might as well flip a few optional toggles that further lock down the switch and prevent something odd from happening. The optional settings are arranged via the menu you find them in. Remember to save your settings with the save button before moving onto a new tab. While still in the Setup -> Basic Setup menu, change the following: Gateway/Local DNS : [IP address of primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.1] NTP Client : Disable The next step is to turn off the radio completely (which not only kills the Wi-Fi but actually powers the physical radio chip off). Navigate to Wireless -> Advanced Settings -> Radio Time Restrictions: Radio Scheduling: Enable Select “Always Off” There’s no need to create a potential security problem by leaving the Wi-Fi radio on, the above toggle turns it completely off. Under Services -> Services: DNSMasq : Disable ttraff Daemon : Disable Under the Security -> Firewall tab, uncheck every box except “Filter Multicast”, as seen in the screenshot above, and then disable SPI Firewall. Once you’re done here save and move on to the Administration tab. Under Administration -> Management:  Info Site Password Protection : Enable Info Site MAC Masking : Disable CRON : Disable 802.1x : Disable Routing : Disable After this final round of tweaks, save and then apply your settings. Your router has now been, strategically, dumbed down enough to plod along as a very dependable little switch. Time to stuff it behind your desk or entertainment center and streamline your cabling.     

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• Guest Post: Instantiate SharePoint Workflow On Item Deleted

  - by Brian Jackett

  In this post, guest author Lucas Eduardo Silva will walk you through the steps of instantiating a workflow using an item event receiver from a custom list.  The ItemDeleting event will require approval via the workflow. Foreword     As you may have read recently, I injured my right hand and have had it in a cast for the past 3 weeks.  Due to this I planned to reduce my blogging while my hand heals.  As luck would have it, I was actually approached by someone who asked if they could be a guest author on my blog.  I’ve never had a guest author, but considering my injury now seemed like as good a time as ever to try it out. About the Guest Author     Lucas Eduardo Silva (email) works for CPM Braxis, a sibling company to my employer Sogeti in the CapGemini family.  Lucas and I exchanged emails a few times after one of my  recent posts and continued into various topics.  When I posted that I had injured my hand, Lucas mentioned that he had a post idea that he would like to publish and asked if it could be published on my blog.  The below content is the result of that collaboration. The Problem     Lucas has a big problem.  He has a workflow that he wants to fire every time an item is deleted from a custom list. He has already created the association in the "item deleting event", but needs to approve the deletion but the workflow is finishing first. Lucas put an onWorkflowItemChanged wait for the change of status approval, but it is not being hit. The Solution Note: This solution assumes you have the Visual Studio Extensions for Windows SharePoint Services (VSeWSS) installed to access the SharePoint project templates within VIsual Studio. 1 - Create a workflow that will be activated by ItemEventReceiver. 2 - Create the list by Visual Studio clicking in File -> New -> Project. Select SharePoint, then List Definition. 3 - Select the type of document to be created. List, Document Library, Wiki, Tasks, etc.. 4 - Visual Studio creates the file ItemEventReceiver.cs with all possible events in a list. 5 – In the workflow project, open the workflow.xml and copy the ID. 6 - Uncomment the ItemDeleting and insert the following code by replacing the ID that you copied earlier.   //Cancel the Exclusion properties.Cancel = true;   //Activating Exclusion Workflow SPWorkflowManager workflowManager = properties.ListItem.Web.Site.WorkflowManager;   SPWorkflowAssociation wfAssociation = properties.ListItem.ParentList.WorkflowAssociations. GetAssociationByBaseID(new Guid("37b5aea8-792a-4ded-be25-d283d9fe1f9d"));   workflowManager.StartWorkflow(properties.ListItem, wfAssociation, wfAssociation.AssociationData, true);   properties.Status = SPEventReceiverStatus.CancelNoError;   7 - properties.Cancel cancels the event being activated and executes the code that is inside the event. In the example, it cancels the deletion of the item to start the workflow that will be active as an association list with the workflow ID. 8 - Create and deploy the workflow and the list for SharePoint. 9 - Create a list through the model that was created. 10 - Enable the workflow in the list and Congratulations! Every time you try to delete the item the workflow is activated. TIP: If you really want to delete the item after the workflow is done you will have to delete the item by the workflow.   this.workflowProperties.Site.AllowUnsafeUpdates = true; this.workflowProperties.Item.Delete(); this.workflowProperties.List.Update();   Conclusion     In this guest post Lucas took you through the steps of creating an item deletion approval workflow with an event receiver.  This was also the first time I’ve had a guest author on this blog.  Many thanks to Lucas for putting together this content and offering it.  I haven’t decided how I’d handle future guest authors, mostly because I don’t know if there are others who would want to submit content.  If you do have something that you would like to guest author on my blog feel free to drop me a line and we can discuss.  As a disclaimer, there are no guarantees that it will be published though.  For now enjoy Lucas’ post and look for my return to regular blogging soon.         -Frog Out   <Update 1> If you wish to contact Lucas you can reach him at [email protected] </Update 1>

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