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• What hardware would I need (approx) to run ESXi server?

  - by mr.b

  Hi, I am considering to purchase off-the-shelf commodity hardware in order to build server that will host virtual machines using ESXi server. Intended purpose for this server is NOT mission critical tasks. It will have to run perhaps 20-50 Windows XP/Vista/7 virtual machines (in total, but closer to 20 figure). Each guest would have to have 1-2 GB of ram, and probably two-three times more disk space than guest OS needs with clean install and all updates applied (that would be around 6-8 GB for XP, and i believe closer to 10-15 for win7). Those guests will act as a test ground for a new product that is network management software, thus guests will idle most of their time once initially loaded, but if I give them some task to complete, they should be able to perform reasonably well. Now, from what I have learned... CPU is usually not much of an issue (6 cores would do it), memory should not be lacking, but doesn't have to be sum of all guests, because of overcommitment... That leads me to IO, which is, as it seems, the bottleneck. Since I have very little experience with ESXi (and ESX, too) server, I'd like to ask: How much memory could I save by overcommitment, and how does it affect performance? Is 6-core cpu enough to run above described system? Would it be possible to run entire server off two (or even one) SSD drives (to host system virtual disks, with few additional HDDs (2-3) in RAID 0 to be used as secondary storage? I read somewhere that ESXi allows having something like "master image", essentially virtual machine that is "deployed" many times, so that disk space can be saved by having only differences stored by specific guests, instead of copying around whole virtual disks. Is this true, and how can this help me? Are there any other things I need to take into consideration when building this off-the-shelf solution? I should probably mention here that I'm fully aware of issues like SPOF regarding power supply, raid 0, etc, but since it's only a testing ground and not a production system, it's not so important for me. Thanks, B.

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• Software raid 0 with six disks performance

  - by user134880

  I have some problems with disk performance. I have 6 x WD 500Gb RE4 disks. Each disk gives 135Mb/sec throughput. All measurements are made with hdparm with options "-tT" (I know that it is just synthetic test, but I need some start point to make measurements). I have controller with Sil3124 x 4 ports PCI Express 1x So... RAID0 on controller with 2 disks gives 200Mb/s - ok, pcie limit. RAID0 on motherboard with 2 disks gives 270Mb/s - niceeee :) RAID0 on contorller with 4 disks gives 200Mb/s - ok, pcie limit. RAID0 on controller with 4 disks + 1 disks on motherboard = 340Mb/s ... :( RAID0 on controller with 4 disks + 2 disks on motherboard = 300Mb/s .... why? Any ideas? Maybe need more cpu power? Now there is Pentium D Dual core 2.8Ghz, 4Gb RAM. It is dedicated box for storage.. no other activity.

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• Proper approach to debug PC startup problems (POST)

  - by saurabhj

  My CPU was heating up to around 65 deg C and last time this had happened (about a year ago), I got thermal paste put between the CPU and heat sink and this managed to get it down to about 45 - 50 degrees. This time, I got some thermal paste and put it myself. However, my PC is not showing the POST display and not starting up. This is what happens LEDs light up HDDs spin Mouse is getting power All fans including the processor fan starts No display on monitor No diagnostic beep sounds (no sounds at all) What I have tried Removing everything including RAM, HDD, PCI cards, AGP card Boot up machine No changes from first state. What steps can I take to figure out where the problem lies? Note (might be important) When I removed the heat sink, the processor came out with it (it was stuck to it inspite of the processor latch on) Had to pry it separate with a screw-driver. Configuration Pentium 4, 2.8 Ghz with HT (very old, I know) Original Intel Mobo with onboard sound and graphics (GB series) 2x512 Mb DDR-RAM 2 SATA disks (320 Gigs / 250 gigs) DVD Writer Creative Sound Card Network card Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!

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• Accessing a webpage folder with .htaccess in it via apache webdav?

  - by pingo

  I have setup webdav access in order to enable an external user to upload the content of his web page to his folder on my server that is served by apache to the web. This way he could update his web page via webdav. Now the problem is that the user requires a .htaccess file and of course .htaccess breaks webdav probably because it overrides settings. (new files cannot be uploaded anymore via webdav if below specified .htaccess exists) I am running Apache2.2.17 and this is my webdav config: Alias /folderDAV "d:/wamp/www/somewebsite/" <Location /folderDAV> Order Allow,Deny Allow from all Dav On AuthType Digest AuthName DAV-upload AuthUserFile "D:/wamp/passtore/user.passwd" AuthDigestProvider file require valid-user </Location> This config is part of my naive solution to fixing this problem. The idea was to specify an alias to the web page folder where webdav would be enabled and then set AllowOverride to none so that the .htaccess would have no effect. Of course I then found out that in <Location /> AllowOverride directive is not valid. The .htaccess file looks like this: #opencart settings Options +FollowSymlinks Options -Indexes <FilesMatch "\.(tpl|ini)"> Order deny,allow Deny from all </FilesMatch> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)\?*$ index.php?_route_=$1 [L,QSA] ErrorDocument 403 /403.html deny from 1.1.1.1/19 allow from 2.2.2.2 What would be the solution here? I would like to have the web page accessible from the web but at the same time be able to access and modify it via apache's webdav (with digest auth). How would I do that? Also if possible I would like a solution that permits the existence of the .htaccess so that the user still has the power to setup access rules for his web page.

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• Half of installed RAM is hardware reserved

  - by user968270

  After a rather arduous and convoluted series of problems that left me without a desktop for ~80 days, I've finally got the thing up and running, having replaced the power supply, motherboard, graphics card and CPU. Now, however, I'm experiencing the 'hardware reserved RAM' issue. Perhaps this is the exhaustion talking, but looking at the question that tends to get pointed to when this kind of topic gets locked as a duplicate hasn't helped. I have 16 GB of RAM installed in an MSi 970A-G46, which is spec'd for up to 32 GB of RAM. The BIOS recognizes that I have 16 GB installed, and the resource monitor also shows the whole 16 GB, only it shows 8 GB as hardware reserved. I've seen suggestions that it's an OS issue, but the particular installation of Windows 7 (64-bit) which I'm running on my boot drive is the same as the one that could actually access the 16 GB in my previous motherboard (MSi 870A-G54). I've updated my BIOS using the MSi Live Update tool and restarted the machine with no effect, and I cannot seem to locate any 'Memory Remapping' option as I've seen mentioned. I've physically swapped the RAM between the slots to no effect. I've unchecked the Maximum Memory box in the msconfig Boot tab's advanced options, also to no effect. These are my system's basic specifications OS: Windows 7 Home Premium (64-Bit) Motherboard: MSi 970A-G46 CPU: AMD FX-8150 Graphics Card: XFX Radeon HD 6870 Boot Drive: OCZ Agility 3 Storage Drive: Samsung Spinpoint F3 ST1000DM005/HD103SJ 1TB PSU: Thermaltake TR-2 TR600 600W ATX12V v2.3

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• Win7 Hangs During App Install/Upgrade/Uninstall

  - by JadeMason

  I have a custom built PC that intermittently hangs when installing, uninstalling, or upgrading applications. Technical Specs ASUS P5E w/ WiFi Motherboard Intel Core2 Quad Q6600 Processor 4x 2GB G.Skill DDR2 800 SDRAM ASUS EAH2900XT / Radeon HD 2900XT 512MB Video Card Under normal operation the machine runs reliably, even under heavy load, such as video transcoding. The temperature never gets anywhere near where I would worry about it. However, the machine regularly hangs (complete lockup, no response to keyboard or mouse, no activity on-screen) when either installing a new application, uninstalling an existing application, or applying patches to existing applications or the OS. This is extremely frustrating as this machine is primarily used as a HTPC. Several apps are configured for automatic updates, and these updates sometimes cause the machine to lockup while we are watching content on the PC. In previously investigating this issue, I found one likely problem could be my Logitech Webcam. The Logitech software has a bug that leaves an entry in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\ Control\SessionManager\PendingFileRenameOperations Which references the Temp directory. My registry contained this error, so I uninstalled the webcam software and deleted this registry key value. Unfortunately, the machine will still intermittently hang. I've noticed that the hangs always happen when an install/upgrade/uninstall requires elevated privileges (presumably to modify the registry). I can typically get at least one install/upgrade/uninstall to complete after a reboot, but after that it is a game of russian roulette to see if the operation will succeed or hang the machine. The event log is not helpful, as log messages end at the time of the hang, with no record of a warning or error. My only recourse when the machine hangs in this way is to perform a hard reset/power cycle. Any tips on how to further debug this issue are greatly appreciated.

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• Chrome Lockups Windows 7 64-bit

  - by Mike Chess

  I'm running Google Chrome (6.0.427.0 dev) on Windows 7 Home Premium 64-bit (AMD Phenom 3.00 GHz, 8 GB RAM). The computer lockups hard after running Chrome for about five minutes. The lockup happens whether Chrome is actually being used to browse web sites or it is just idling. No programs can be started or interacted with when this happens. The computer must be power-cycled to recover. The lockup happens regardless of which web sites are being browsed. The system event logs do not show any events around the time when the lockup transpired. All other applications run just fine on this system. In fact, Chrome ran without issue for several months on this system (the system was brand new 03-2010). I also run the same version of Chrome on other computers (Windows XP SP3) without issue. I've come to really like Chrome and use it as my default browser whenever possible. What could be causing Chrome to cause the system to lockup as it does? Does Chrome have any logs that aren't part of the Windows event log? Does Chrome have a debug command line switch that might reveal more about what happens?

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• lenovo x1 carbon windows 8 frequent wifi disconnect issue

  - by hIpPy

  I'm having frequent wifi disconnects on my Lenovo X1 Carbon Touch laptop. I got this laptop 2 months back and it has been happening ever since about 3-5 times a day and 10 times a week on average. I've Frontier Fios internet. Power connected or not does not matter. Once I get disconnected, I try below to connect again in that order: turn Airplane mode on and off, troubleshoot network problems windows troubleshooter), restart the laptop I'd find that the WiFi adapter would get disabled and sometimes windows troubleshooting would help but more than often I'd end up restarting the laptop. A week back, I upgraded my wifi network adapter drivers (now Intel, version 15.5.6.48, 10/3/2012). I still get disconnected frequently but turning Airplane mode on and off gets me connected again. So the driver update did help. Windows 8 is updated. None of the other devices (nexus, iphone phones, nexus7, ipad tablets) would have wifi issues when my laptop would get disconnected. config: Intel(R) Centrino(R) Advanced-N 6205 (WiFi network adapter) Microsoft Windows 8 Pro Microsoft Windows [Version 6.2.9200] x64-based PC LENOVO System Model: 3443CTO X1 Carbon Touch I recently noticed this log message When I got disconnected in event viewer: Your computer was not assigned an address from the network (by the DHCP Server) for the Network Card with network address 0x[XXXXXXXXXXXX]. The following error occurred: 0x79. Your computer will continue to try and obtain an address on its own from the network address (DHCP) server. Any idea?

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• What is the solution to enable Dymo Turbo 400 Label Printer to work on Win 7 / 64-bit?

  - by mdpc

  It's Christmas time and time for printing labels for all those Christmas cards. I've upgraded to Windows 7 64-bit from XP. I've been unsuccessfully attempting to get the connected Dymo 400 Turbo label USB printer to work again. The latest manufacturer drivers have been successfully loaded and installed. The drivers are supposed to work on Windows 7/64-bit. The Win 7 system(s) in question are patched and up-to-date on that score. The Windows Update site responds with a driver when the USB cable is connected to this printer. The printer queue seems to be established correctly. What happens is that I submit a job to the printer (either using the DYMO s/w or not), it delays for a period of time, and then I get the message 'printing error'. Can't seem to locate the appropriate error in the new and improved event log. Several combinations of rebooting, re-installation and power cycling components fail to make the printer work. Sometimes during some type of reset it spits out the last thing to be submitted, but that seems intermittent. I have tried different USB cables and different USB (2.X) ports as well. I have run the Windows 7 troubleshooter it tries to fix the problem but alas it doesn't. Interestingly, trying the USB printer (and its associated manufacturer drivers and s/w) on another Windows 7 64-bit system has the identical failures noticed on the original system. I did not find anything on the manufacturers' site concerning this problem. The printer has no hardware problems or issues.

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• Apache using 100% CPU, once again

  - by CBenni

  Recently, apache2 started using 100% of CPU power: top gives me From other, similar threads, I took the tip to use mod_status. Aside from HUGE amounts of NULL requests, it gives: CPU Usage: u2.16 s1.32 cu0 cs0 - .0835% CPU load 1.2 requests/sec - 17.6 kB/second - 14.6 kB/request 8 requests currently being processed, 42 idle workers The access and error logs do not show anything surprising or intriguing at all. Note the .8% CPU usage. Another tip was to use strace: root@server:~# strace -p 1956 Process 1956 attached - interrupt to quit restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted call ...> And remains like this for at least half an hour, without producing any additional output. Restarting apache fixed the problem for less than a second The server runs a few custom python scripts aswell as a django-powered website on apache2 (up-to-date), but even turning the scripts off (or not having them active in the first place) did not change anything. After I stopped apache and powered my server off, powered it on a few minutes afterwards and restarted all my services, the CPU usage remained low for several hours, just in order to pop up again randomly (?) The DigitalOcean CPU stats on my server are: You can see how the CPU usage was super high for almost half a day until I restarted the bot - just to remain stable for several hours and then pop up again. I am completely at a loss of words and don't know what I could do to find out what piece of my code is giving me these problems or if apache itself is the cause... Therefore I would greatly appreciate any hints to the questions: What else can I try to do? Which things might I not have checked? Is this definitely in my own code? How do you find what part of python code crashes an app via a infinite loop or similar?

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• Using Truecrypt to secure mySQL database, any pitfalls?

  - by Saul

  The objective is to secure my database data from server theft, i.e. the server is at a business office location with normal premises lock and burglar alarm, but because the data is personal healthcare data I want to ensure that if the server was stolen the data would be unavailable as encrypted. I'm exploring installing mySQL on a mounted Truecrypt encrypted volume. It all works fine, and when I power off, or just cruelly pull the plug the encrypted drive disappears. This seems a load easier than encrypting data to the database, and I understand that if there is a security hole in the web app , or a user gets physical access to a plugged in server the data is compromised, but as a sanity check , is there any good reason not to do this? @James I'm thinking in a theft scenario, its not going to be powered down nicely and so is likely to crash any DB transactions running. But then if someone steals the server I'm going to need to rely on my off site backup anyway. @tomjedrz, its kind of all sensitive, individual personal and address details linked to medical referrals/records. Would be as bad in our field as losing credit card data, but means that almost everything in the database would need encryption... so figured better to run the whole DB in an encrypted partition. If encrypt data in the tables there's got to be a key somewhere on the server I'm presuming, which seems more of a risk if the box walks. At the moment the app is configured to drop a dump of data (weekly full and then deltas only hourly using rdiff) into a directory also on the Truecrypt disk. I have an off site box running WS_FTP Pro scheduled to connect by FTPs and synch down the backup, again into a Truecrypt mounted partition.

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• PC in POST loop

  - by Antony Scott

  Hi, I have a custom built PC using a Gigabyte GA-EP35-DS3P motherboard with a Q6600 CPU. For the last 2 days it has got itself stuck into a POST loop. Saying that, I don't think it actually got in to the BIOS. It repeatedly lit up the LEDs and then not much more. Sometimes I could see the CPU fan twitch. Today I re-seated the DIMMs and it powered up straight away. Could this be a sign of an impending hardware failure? The PC is hooked up to a UPS, so I don't think it's a power spike or anything like that, as I have 2 other PCs on the same UPS and they're both fine. Yesterday, the first time this happened, I was getting a message which I think said "Scanning BIOS image on hard drive". I've been building and using PCs for well over 25 years and that's a new one on me! I don't think it's an over heating problem, as when the PC does finally boot up the CPU is running at 35-40C. Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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• Servers - Buying New vs Buying Second-hand

  - by Django Reinhardt

  We're currently in the process of adding additional servers to our website. We have a pretty simple topology planned: A Firewall/Router Server infront of a Web Application Server and Database Server. Here's a simple (and technically incorrect) diagram that I used in a previous question to illustrate what I mean: We're now wondering about the specs of our two new machines (the Web App and Firewall servers) and whether we can get away with buying a couple of old servers. (Note: Both machines will be running Windows Server 2008 R2.) We're not too concerned about our Firewall/Router server as we're pretty sure it won't be taxed too heavily, but we are interested in our Web App server. I realise that answering this type of question is really difficult without a ton of specifics on users, bandwidth, concurrent sessions, etc, etc., so I just want to focus on the general wisdom on buying old versus new. I had originally specced a new Dell PowerEdge R300 (1U Rack) for our company. In short, because we're going to be caching as much data as possible, I focussed on Processor Speed and Memory: Quad-Core Intel Xeon X3323 2.5Ghz (2x3M Cache) 1333Mhz FSB 16GB DDR2 667Mhz But when I was looking for a cheap second-hand machine for our Firewall/Router, I came across several machines that made our engineer ask a very reasonable question: If we stuck a boat load of RAM in this thing, wouldn't it do for the Web App Server and save us a ton of money in the process? For example, what about a second-hand machine with the following specs: 2x Dual-Core AMD Opteron 2218 2.6Ghz (2MB Cache) 1000Mhz HT 16GB DDR2 667Mhz Would it really be comparable with the more expensive (new) server above? Our engineer postulated that the reason companies upgrade their servers to newer processors is often because they want to reduce their power costs, and that a 2.6Ghz processor was still a 2.6Ghz processor, no matter when it was made. Benchmarks on various sites don't really support this theory, but I was wondering what server admin thought. Thanks for any advice.

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• How to find the IP Address of a vm running on VMware (or other methods of using VM)

  - by sixtyfootersdude

  I am running VMware Workstation on a Linux box. When I power on a centOS (Linux) virtual machine I cannot get mouse or keyboard control of the machine. I suspect that it has something to do with the error message: You do not have VMware Tools installed in this guest. Chose "Install VMware Tools" from the VM menu. If I click on that menu option it inserts a virtual cd with drivers etc. This does not help me since I don't have keyboard or mouse control over the machine. I was thinking that if I could figure out the IP address or hostname I could use any number of protocols to get into the machine (SSH comes to mind). How can I get the IP address or hostname of this machine? Note: I did not create this machine. A coworker created it who is no longer with the company. Would save me a lot of time if I could get into the machine. I have login credentials so that won't be a problem.

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• How to Monitor Network in Medium-Sized Company?

  - by Kyle Lowry

  I work at a medium sized company (100+ employees). An issue that has been cropping up is network performance, internet access in particular. We have about 70 or more computers, a mix of Mac OS X and Windows XP & 7 machines. We have several servers (Exchange server, PC file servers, MS SQL, Blackberry, FTP, Mac server, etc). There are four main switches, a SonicWall firewall, and probably a couple routers in the server room with a dozen or so more scattered around the building. The network structure has grown organically over a number of years; and, as far as I know, there really isn't a monitoring solution in place. When we experience network issues (slow connections, dropped packets, and so on), our general solution is to power cycle some hardware or go around to each employee and ask them if they are uploading/downloading any large files. This is really inefficient and time consuming, and it does not allow us to monitor the network, tackling potential problems proactively. I would like to find a solution that would allow me to monitor network usage company-wide in real time, with detail going down to the individual computer, ideally. Given the hodgepodge of equipment and operating systems, what would be the best way to set up some kind of monitoring solution? Hardware, software, restructuring our network architecture?

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• Configuring two nearby WLANs: should I use the same ssid?

  - by Rory

  I'm configuring a home network for basic internet use (ie don't really need connectivity between workstations on the network). My brick walls mean a single wireless router doesn't provide good coverage throughout the house, so I have purchased two powerline adapters and now have the incoming modem/wireless router at one end of the house plugged into a powerline adapter, and at the other end of the house the other powerline adapter plugged into another wireless router. Currently the two wireless networks have different ssids. (The powerline adapters only do power-Ethernet; they're not wireless access points themselves.) This works well, except when I move between rooms and would ideally like my devices (iPad, phones, laptops) to switch from the weak to the strong signal. Sometimes there's enough signal that they hold on to the weak connects instead of switching to the strong one. Should I name the two networks the same ssid, and if so what is the actual effect? Do the signals get confused, is the bandwidth affected, will this help my devices seamlessly move from one to the other, or is the ssid just a cosmetic thing that actually doesn't have any impact on this situation? Are there any other settings that I should configure to make my setup optimal?

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• Active Directory server down, recovering without reinstalling

  - by whatever

  My Windows 2003 server suddenly ceased to function as a DC (this server is the only DC of the domain). All AD related services are down. The only way I can login to the AD is physically to the machine. Everytime I access an AD-related service (e.g. "AD users and computers") I get the below error: Naming information cannot be located because: The specified directory service attribute or value does not exist. Contact your system administrator to verify that your domain is properly configured and is currently online. I found the below system event which matches the time when the issue started, this re-occurs everytime I reboot the server. NTDS General | Global Catalog | Active Directory was unable to establish a connection with the global catalog. Additional Data Error value: 1355 The specified domain either does not exist or could not be contacted. Internal ID: 3200d33 I started the troubleshooting with DNS. Netdiag throws the below error although I think this is simply a consequence of not being able to access the Global Catalog. The procedure entry point DnsGetPrimaryDomainName_UTF8 could not be located in the dynamic link library DNSAPI.dll. Anyway DNS seems OK because I can ping the DC FQDN from the DC itself. I found the below solution which is supposed to help by doing some cleanup of the metadata: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/216498 If I follow procedure 1 here is what I get at step 9: no current site Domain - DC=<mydomain>,DC=<com> no current server no current naming context I can continue the procedure until step 14. I haven't tested step 15 as my understanding is that I will have to reinstall the whole AD again. Is there any way I can recover my AD from there without having to reinstall the whole thing? Update: Yes, the server was powered off/on because reboot would take forever (not because I thought power cycling the unit would fix it more than a reboot).

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• Intel HD Graphics vs NVIDIA Quadro FX 380 PCI-E

  - by Michael

  I recently purchased an Acer Veriton which has an i5-650 processor, Windows 7 Pro (64 bit) and Intel HD Graphics listed as the video card. I also purchased a PNY nVIDIA Quadro FX 380 PCI-E card for improved picture and home video viewing and editing. I have already replaced the original 300 wattt power supply to a 430 watt Antec Truepower I had on hand and boosted the RAM to 8 gigs from the original 4. Question 1) Am I getting any improvement in visual quality or system speed with the Quadro or is it a waste of money and I should just save up to buy a bigger video card? This card was on sale for $115. If I am getting improvement then I need to ask another question. Question 2) Instructions for the Quadro installation are as follows... 1--Uninstall the existing VGA driver. -Remove the existing Display Driver via "Add or Remove Porgrams". -Shut down your computer. 2--Remove your Existing Graphics Board (or Disable Integrated 3D Graphics Controller). skipping instructions on how to remove existing graphics board -Systems with integrated (also know as on-board) 3D graphics may require you to disable the integrated 3D graphics system. Consult the owners or vendor manual that came with your PC on how to properly do this. So is the Intel HD Graphics considered a 3D graphics controller? If so should I just contact Acer or can anyone give me instructions? Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Periodic internet connection drops

  - by user9647

  My setup is a dsl modem, and a dlink di 524M router. I'm also using a Witopia VPN which runs through OpenVPN. I've been having trouble with the internet connection dropping very frequently. It comes back shortly, without even a router/modem/computer restart. This happens as frequently as every ten minutes. Occasionally (not often) it will last as long as an hour or two without dropping. When it drops, I can get it back almost immediately by clicking Reconnect in the OpenVPN GUI and letting that do it's thing. It's worth noting that I'm in China. Calling support is a bit difficult because of that. Also I don't really understand all of the router's software, although I've got it generally figured out. I've tried a bunch of stuff, attempts to diagnose and/or fix the problem. No success with any of the following: I've power cycled both the modem and the router. I've tried an ethernet connection to the router. I've connected without the VPN. I've disabled IEEE authentication on all connections. I've checked for viruses. I've tried lifting it off the ground so as to prevent overheating.

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• Can a non-redundant RAID5 cause any serious problems (compared to RAID0)?

  - by leemes

  I used to have a three-disc RAID5 (mdadm) in my computer for personal media storage (music, videos, photos, programs, games, ...). It had three discs with 750 GB each, resulting in an array capacity of 1.5 TB. One day (one year ago), I needed one of those discs to install another operating system. I thought, I don't need the redundancy anymore since I backup the most important stuff (personal photos e.g.) on an external disc anyway. So I decided to remove one of the three discs without converting the RAID to RAID0 or even two separate discs, because I had no temporary storage (since one cannot simply convert the RAID5 to RAID0 AFAIK). So now, for about one year, I have a non-redundant RAID5 with 2 of 3 discs running. Sometimes, one of the discs has a defective contact at the power cable or something similar causing the drive to stop working temporarily (I don't know exactly what it is). Since it still works when rebooting the computer and in most cases by calling some mdadm commands, it wasn't that problematic. Note that the data is not very critical, since I still have a backup of the most important stuff. But in the last few weeks, one of the drives fails very frequently (every few hours), so it gets really annoying to manage this. My questions are: Is there any disadvantage (apart from the annoying management) of a non-redundant RAID5 (with one drive less than typical) over a RAID0? If I understand it correctly, both have no redundancy and the same capacity. On a temporary drive failure, I can restart the array in both cases, assuming that the drive itself still works after the failure. Can it happen that the drive contents alter on a drive failure, making the array inconsistent? If so, can I tell mdadm to check the array for failures (without a file system level checking tool)? Since the drive most probably only has a defective contact causing it to fail for a second only, can I tell mdadm to automatically restart the array, so I will not even notice the failure if no application wanted to access the file system during the failure?

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• Intel Motherboard Lightning Victim Dies Hard

  - by Stetson RDT

  Today, I have a more hardware-related question. I have an Intel board, and I really do not know which board it is, I built the machine for a relative, but he forgot to keep the documentation. Long story short, the computer was disconnected during a lightning storm, but a lightning strike travelled in via the ethernet cable (It was directly connected to a power brick commonly seen on those long distance ISP Wireless transmitters), and the motherboard was shocked. I am attempting to get this PC going. The problem is as follows: The computer will randomly reboot, just in the middle of anything as it pleases. May load to EFI (or whatever BIOS is nowadays), may load to bootloader, may even get to the OS. But before 5 minutes is up, the system will always die. Out of curiosity, I plugged my voltmeter in to a molex connector. On the 5V side, it gets a good, consistant +5.13V. On the 12V side, it fluctuates, as follows: Upon immediate startup, it soars to 12.11-12.13V. It will now do one of two things: it will immediately jump down to 12.04-12.05V, or hover for about a minute at 12.11-12.13, then jump down. It seems the longer the voltage stays at 12.11-12.13, the shorter the machine will stay running. Also, post codes, whenever the machine locks up, but does not die hard, seem to be between "AA" and "AC". Does this make any sense to anybody? Do you all think this motherboard is salvageable? It was an expensive bugger, and I'd prefer to not replace it.

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• After RAID failure SBS 2008 issues logging in and Exchange store does not mount

  - by Josh R

  today has been one of those days. Yesterday a hard drive in our Dell Poweredge 2900 server failed and the RAID array didn't degrade gracefully, so I called Dell (Server still under warranty) and got an engineer to work though the RAID issues with me. He was a nice guy but didn't do too much. We tried to put the RAID in a state where it was bootable and even though we only lost one disk there are still issues with the server. Once we got the server to boot there was an error message saying that the logonui.exe was corrupted and we needed to run chkdsk. I clicked through the error messages and the login screen never came up. So I power cycled the server and it chkdsk automatically but the login screen didn't appear. I tried safe mode, no difference there either. So the issues I am currently having are: 1) The server boots up, the loading windows screen comes up then it dumps me into a black screen where I can only see my mouse cursor. Ctrl+Esc doesn't work Ctrl+Alt+Del doesn't work 2) Some of the services come up: DHCP, DNS, DFS, and Print come up 3) The exchange information store and transport service don't start - I tried using mmc to connect to services.msc on the computer and start them but they throw an error message of "Can't start because group or dependency failed" Has anyone had a problem like this? Can anyone offer some guidance? Thanks a bunch!

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• Stop Windows 7 from accessing or writing to hard drive unless "told" to by me? (More info inside...)

  - by Jeff

  A confusing question, perhaps, but bear with me. I have two internal HDDs set up in a RAID0 array which I use as mass storage. I access the drive very infrequently (once a day at most) and so I have set up Windows 7's power options to turn off idle disks after only 1 minute. This is fine, and the disks are turned off most of the time. However, I notice that Windows sometimes spins up the drives when I really, really don't want or need it to. This causes a 30 second delay as both drives spin up and lock up my system. Some examples of when this happens: 1) When I'm installing something using Windows Installer or Installshield; it seems to me as if they're using the drive with most available free space as the installer cache location... so my big RAID drive has to spin up! Most annoying. 2) Apparently, when I open a Java-based program which resides on my system drive and has nothing to do with my RAID drive! 3) At boot-up and shut-down time. At shutdown the drive spin up only for the computer to immediately shut down! Incredibly frustrating! I've already tried changing the letter of the drive, and at some points have removed the drive letter entirely, which solves the first two issues above. So my question (FINALLY!) is this: is there any way I can mark this drive as being for "storage only", so Windows basically does not see it at all until I actually invoke it somehow? Or is there any way I could set it up so that only specific programs have write access to it? For example, download managers, TeraCopy, etc. etc.? Basically I want it to be a "ghost drive" until I'm ready to use it and to stop Windows from spinning it up all the damn time! Thank you. :)

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• How do you update without cutting off users?

  - by Griffin

  I searched around and I was surprised that I couldn't find an answer to this question. My assumption is that you have multiple servers. Normally they both will be doing their specific take (for the rest of this I will assume a simple website). Now lets say server A & B need updates. Do you update server A while server B keeps pushing out the webpage and then when server A is okay you update server B? This seems like it would work in small scale but seems horrible in large scale due to the fact that you'd need twice the power that you normally have. When dealing with a large number of servers do you update small sections at a time? I thought the problem with this would be if server A can't work alongside server B C D E or F any-longer that's not that bad. But when you start updating you slowly lose this small percentage. What is the proper way to deal with updates like this?

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• Remote Desktop leaves host unresponsive

  - by Jeff Dalley

  I have my desktop PC at home set up to accept remote connections, and I often connect to it from work on my laptop via mstsc.exe. However, every time I remote to it, I find when I go home that despite the monitor being on - it's not receiving an image and it looks as though the computer is hibernating/asleep. I basically have to restart it whenever I get home and I know there's an answer for why its doing this. More details: When exiting the remote session, I have tried both logging off the account, and closing the RDP window without logging off; both give the same result. When I get home to the desktop I of course try moving the mouse, ctrl+alt+del to see if its responsive to restart, multiple key-press to see if I can get any audio out of it; It seems pretty obvious its sleeping/hibernating in some way: Nothing happens in any of these cases and a physical restart is necessary. Both desktop and laptop are running Windows 7 Ultimate. I'm thinking it really is sleeping/hibernating it, and I'm not sure why because left alone my desktop's power options are set to never turn off the HDD or change its state - I leave it on 24/7. This could be a stupid error on my part but I just can't see it! Thanks.

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