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• Windows 7 delayed file delete

  - by GregoryM

  I'm stuck with a pretty rare problem that happens on Windows 7 OS only. Every time I'm deleting the file with *.exe extension through explorer, the file doesn't get deleted immediately. I'm forced to wait for around one-two minutes before the system will delete the file. The main problem is that I cannot develop in such situation, because every time I build my solution, the old executable gets 'deleted', but is still there. So the new one cannot be created by Visual Studio. This problem breaks the Steam update progress and a few other installers functionality too. Fresh installed Win7 doesn't have this kind of trouble, so I guess this must be some bad registry entries or some services. Browsing the internet for solutions I found only this: http://www.sevenforums.com/software/72091-several-minute-delay-when-deleting-any-exe-file.html. But the solution the author found is not working (change the userName :)). Is there any ideas how to find what causes this to happen? BTW: when I place the file into Trash bin, no delay occurs. When I delete file with Total Commander - no delay too. Tech details: Windows 7 x64 Ultimate.

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• Windows 7 delayed file delete

  - by GregoryM

  I'm stuck with a pretty rare problem that happens on Windows 7 OS only. Every time I'm deleting the file with *.exe extension through explorer, the file doesn't get deleted immediately. I'm forced to wait for around one-two minutes before the system will delete the file. The main problem is that I cannot develop in such situation, because every time I build my solution, the old executable gets 'deleted', but is still there. So the new one cannot be created by Visual Studio. This problem breaks the Steam update progress and a few other installers functionality too. Fresh installed Win7 doesn't have this kind of trouble, so I guess this must be some bad registry entries or some services. Browsing the internet for solutions I found only this: http://www.sevenforums.com/software/72091-several-minute-delay-when-deleting-any-exe-file.html. But the solution the author found is not working (change the userName :)). Is there any ideas how to find what causes this to happen? BTW: when I place the file into Trash bin, no delay occurs. When I delete file with Total Commander - no delay too. Tech details: Windows 7 x64 Ultimate. UPD: maybe some shadow copying or system restore services (though I have the system restore turned off) block the files? Can't even guess...

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• Exchange 2003 - The Case of the Disappearing Message

  - by John Gardeniers

  We run a single Exchange 2003 Standard server. On two separate occasions we have had the following happen, both times with the same sender and recipients. A user with an an email address in domain A sends a message to two others with email addresses in domain B. I must stress that this is all internal and on the same Exchange server. Both recipients were listed in the "to" field. The first listed recipient received the message, the other didn't. Checking message tracking in ESM, as well as manually checking the server Application event log, indicates that both messages were delivered without a hitch. However, the message just cannot be found in the second recipient's mailbox. Using both Outlook and OWA I have searched all the recipient's Outlook folders, in case it accidentally got moved to another folder or was deleted. I also checked the deleted message recovery folder. No sign of it anywhere. I'm completely baffled. How could a message that the system insists was delivered not actually be in the recipient's mailbox? What else can I do to try and track it down?

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• Moving items from one tableView to another tableView with extra's

  - by Totumus Maximus

  Let's say I have 2 UITableViews next to eachother on an ipad in landscape-mode. Now I want to move multiple items from one tableView to the other. They are allowed to be inserted on the bottom of the other tableView. Both have multiSelection activated. Now the movement itself is no problem with normal cells. But in my program each cell has an object which contains the consolidationState of the cell. There are 4 states a cell can have: Basic, Holding, Parent, Child. Basic = an ordinary cell. Holding = a cell which contains multiple childs but which wont be shown in this state. Parent = a cell which contains multiple childs and are shown directly below this cell. Child = a cell created by the Parent cell. The object in each cell also has some array which contains its children. The object also holds a quantityValue, which is displayed on the cell itself. Now the movement gets tricky. Holding and Parent cells can't move at all. Basic cells can move freely. Child cells can move freely but based on how many Child cells are left in the Parent. The parent will change or be deleted all together. If a Parent cell has more then 1 Child cell left it will stay a Parent cell. Else the Parent has no or 1 Child cell left and is useless. It will then be deleted. The items that are moved will always be of the same state. They will all be Basic cells. This is how I programmed the movement: *First I determine which of the tableViews is the sender and which is the receiver. *Second I ask all indexPathsForSelectedRows and sort them from highest row to lowest. *Then I build the data to be transferred. This I do by looping through the selectedRows and ask their object from the sender's listOfItems. *When I saved all the data I need I delete all the items from the sender TableView. This is why I sorted the selectedRows so I can start at the highest indexPath.row and delete without screwing up the other indexPaths. *When I loop through the selectedRows I check whether I found a cell with state Basic or Child. *If its a Basic cell I do nothing and just delete the cell. (this works fine with all Basic Cells) *If its a Child cell I go and check it's Parent cell immidiately. Since all Child cells are directly below the Parent cell and no other the the Parent's Childs are below that Parent I can safely get the path of the selected Childcell and move upwards and find it's Parent cell. When this Parent cell is found (this will always happen, no exceptions) it has to change accordingly. *The Parent cell will either be deleted or the object inside will have its quantity and children reduced. *After the Parent cell has changed accordingly the Child cell is deleted similarly like the Basic cells *After the deletion of the cells the receiver tableView will build new indexPaths so the movedObjects will have a place to go. *I then insert the objects into the listOfItems of the receiver TableView. The code works in the following ways: Only Basic cells are moved. Basic cells and just 1 child for each parent is moved. A single Basic/Child cell is moved. The code doesn't work when: I select more then 1 or all childs of some parent cell. The problem happens somewhere into updating the parent cells. I'm staring blindly at the code now so maybe a fresh look will help fix things. Any help will be appreciated. Here is the method that should do the movement: -(void)moveSelectedItems { UITableView *senderTableView = //retrieves the table with the data here. UITableView *receiverTableView = //retrieves the table which gets the data here. NSArray *selectedRows = senderTableView.indexPathsForSelectedRows; //sort selected rows from lowest indexPath.row to highest selectedRows = [selectedRows sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; //build up target rows (all objects to be moved) NSMutableArray *targetRows = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (int i = 0; i<selectedRows.count; i++) { NSIndexPath *path = [selectedRows objectAtIndex:i]; [targetRows addObject:[senderTableView.listOfItems objectAtIndex:path.row]]; } //delete rows at active for (int i = selectedRows.count-1; i >= 0; i--) { NSIndexPath *path = [selectedRows objectAtIndex:i]; //check what item you are deleting. act upon the status. Parent- and HoldingCells cant be selected so only check for basic and childs MyCellObject *item = [senderTableView.listOfItems objectAtIndex:path.row]; if (item.consolidatedState == ConsolidationTypeChild) { for (int j = path.row; j >= 0; j--) { MyCellObject *consolidatedItem = [senderTableView.listOfItems objectAtIndex:j]; if (consolidatedItem.consolidatedState == ConsolidationTypeParent) { //copy the consolidated item but with 1 less quantity MyCellObject *newItem = [consolidatedItem copyWithOneLessQuantity]; //creates a copy of the object with 1 less quantity. if (newItem.quantity > 1) { newItem.consolidatedState = ConsolidationTypeParent; [senderTableView.listOfItems replaceObjectAtIndex:j withObject:newItem]; } else if (newItem.quantity == 1) { newItem.consolidatedState = ConsolidationTypeBasic; [senderTableView.listOfItems removeObjectAtIndex:j]; MyCellObject *child = [senderTableView.listOfItems objectAtIndex:j+1]; child.consolidatedState = ConsolidationTypeBasic; [senderTableView.listOfItems replaceObjectAtIndex:j+1 withObject:child]; } else { [senderTableView.listOfItems removeObject:consolidatedItem]; } [senderTableView reloadData]; } } } [senderTableView.listOfItems removeObjectAtIndex:path.row]; } [senderTableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:selectedRows withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationTop]; //make new indexpaths for row animation NSMutableArray *newRows = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (int i = 0; i < targetRows.count; i++) { NSIndexPath *newPath = [NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:i+receiverTableView.listOfItems.count inSection:0]; [newRows addObject:newPath]; DLog(@"%i", i); //scroll to newest items [receiverTableView setContentOffset:CGPointMake(0, fmaxf(receiverTableView.contentSize.height - recieverTableView.frame.size.height, 0.0)) animated:YES]; } //add rows at target for (int i = 0; i < targetRows.count; i++) { MyCellObject *insertedItem = [targetRows objectAtIndex:i]; //all moved items will be brought into the standard (basic) consolidationType insertedItem.consolidatedState = ConsolidationTypeBasic; [receiverTableView.ListOfItems insertObject:insertedItem atIndex:receiverTableView.ListOfItems.count]; } [receiverTableView insertRowsAtIndexPaths:newRows withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationNone]; } If anyone has some fresh ideas of why the movement is bugging out let me know. If you feel like you need some extra information I'll be happy to add it. Again the problem is in the movement of ChildCells and updating the ParentCells properly. I could use some fresh looks and outsider ideas on this. Thanks in advance. *updated based on comments

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• Mobile App Data Syncronization

  - by Matt Rogish

  Let's say I have a mobile app that uses HTML5 SQLite DB (and/or the HTML5 key-value store). Assets (media files, PDFs, etc.) are stored locally on the mobile device. Luckily enough, the mobile device is a read-only copy of the "centralized" storage, so the mobile device won't have to propagate changes upstream. However, as the server changes assets (creates new ones, modifies existing, deletes old ones) I need to propagate those changes back to the mobile app. Assume that server changes are grouped into changesets (version number n) that contain some information (added element XYZ, deleted id = 45, etc.) and that the mobile device has limited CPU/bandwidth, so most of the processing has to take place on the server. I can think of a couple of methods to do this. All have trade-offs and at this point, I'm unsure which is the right course of action... Method 1: For change set n, store the "diff" of the current n and previous n-1. When a client with version y asks if there have been any changes, send the change sets from version y up to the current version. e.g. added item 334, contents: xxx. Deleted picture 44. Deleted PDF 11. Changed 33. added picture 99. Characteristics: Diffs take up space, although in theory would be kept small. However, all diffs must be kept around indefinitely (should a v1 app have not been updated for a year, must apply v2..v100). High latency devices (mobile apps) will incur a penalty to send lots of small files (assume cannot be zipped or tarr'd up into one file) Very few server CPU resources required, as all it does is send the client a list of files "Dumb" - if I change an item in change set 3, and change it to something else in 4, the client is going to perform both actions, even though #3 is rendered moot by #4. Or, if an asset is added in #4 and removed in #5 - the client will download a file just to delete it later. Method 2: Very similar to method 1 except on the server, do some sort of a diff between the change sets represented by the app version and server version. Package that up and send that single change set to the client. Characteristics: Client-efficient: The client only has to process one file, duplicate or irrelevant changes are stripped out. Server CPU/space intensive. The change sets must be diff'd and then written out to a file that is then sent to the client. Makes diff server scalability an issue. Possibly ways to cache the results and re-use them, but in the wild there's likely to be a lot of different versions so the diff re-use has a limit Diff algorithm is complicated. The change sets must be structured in such a way that an efficient and effective diff can be performed. Method 3: Instead of keeping diffs, write out the entire versioned asset collection to a mobile-database import file. When client requests an update, send the entire database to client and have them update their assets appropriately. Characteristics: Conceptually simple -- easy to develop and deploy Very inefficient as the client database is restored every update. If only one new thing was added, the whole database is refreshed. Server space and CPU efficient. Only the latest version DB needs kept around and the server just throws the file to the client. Others?? Thoughts? Thanks!!

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• Hibernate - how to delete bidirectional many-to-many association

  - by slomir

  Problem: I have many-to-many association between two entities A and B. I set A entity as an owner of their relationship(inverse=true is on A's collection in b.hbm.xml). When i delete an A entity, corresponding records in join table are deleted. When i delete an B entity, corresponding records in join table are not deleted (integrity violation exception). -- Let's consider some very simple example: class A{ Set<B> bset=new HashSet<B>(); //... } class B{ Set<A> aset=new HashSet<A>(); //... } File a.hbm.xml [m-to-m mappings only]: <set name="bset" table="AB"> <key name="a_id"/> <many-to-many column="b_id" class="B"/> </set> File b.hbm.xml [m-to-m mappings only]: <set name="aset" table="AB" inverse="true"> <key name="b_id"/> <many-to-many column="a_id" class="A"/> </set> Database relations: A(id,...) B(id,...) AB(a_id,b_id) Suppose that we have some records in AB joint table. For example: AB = {(1,1),(1,2)} where AB= { (a_id , b_id) | ... ... } -- Situation 1 - works probably because A is owner of AB relationship: A a=aDao.read(1); //read A entity with id=1 aDao.delete(a); //delete 'a' entity and both relations with B-entities Situation 2 - doesn't work: B b=bDao.read(1); //read B entity with id=1 bDao.delete(b); //foreign key integrity violation On the one hand, this is somehow logical to me, because the A entity is responsible for his relation with B. But, on the other hand, it is not logical or at least it is not orm-like solution that I have to explicitly delete all records in join table where concrete B entity appears, and then to delete the B entity, as I show in situation 3: Situation 3 - works, but it is not 'elegant': B b=bDao.read(1); Set<A> aset=b.getA(); //get set with A entities Iterator i=aset.iterator(); //while removes 'b' from all related A entities //while breaks relationships on A-side of relation (A is owner) while(i.hasNext()){ A a=i.next(); a.bset.remove(b); //remove entity 'b' from related 'a' entity aDao.update(a); //key point!!! this line breaks relation in database } bDao.delete(b); //'b' is deleted because there is no related A-entities -- So, my question: is there any more convenient way to delete no-owner entity (B in my example) in bidirectional many-to-many association and all of his many-to-many relations from joint table?

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• rm on a directory with millions of files

  - by BMDan

  Background: physical server, about two years old, 7200-RPM SATA drives connected to a 3Ware RAID card, ext3 FS mounted noatime and data=ordered, not under crazy load, kernel 2.6.18-92.1.22.el5, uptime 545 days. Directory doesn't contain any subdirectories, just millions of small (~100 byte) files, with some larger (a few KB) ones. We have a server that has gone a bit cuckoo over the course of the last few months, but we only noticed it the other day when it started being unable to write to a directory due to it containing too many files. Specifically, it started throwing this error in /var/log/messages: ext3_dx_add_entry: Directory index full! The disk in question has plenty of inodes remaining: Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda3 60719104 3465660 57253444 6% / So I'm guessing that means we hit the limit of how many entries can be in the directory file itself. No idea how many files that would be, but it can't be more, as you can see, than three million or so. Not that that's good, mind you! But that's part one of my question: exactly what is that upper limit? Is it tunable? Before I get yelled at--I want to tune it down; this enormous directory caused all sorts of issues. Anyway, we tracked down the issue in the code that was generating all of those files, and we've corrected it. Now I'm stuck with deleting the directory. A few options here: rm -rf (dir)I tried this first. I gave up and killed it after it had run for a day and a half without any discernible impact. unlink(2) on the directory: Definitely worth consideration, but the question is whether it'd be faster to delete the files inside the directory via fsck than to delete via unlink(2). That is, one way or another, I've got to mark those inodes as unused. This assumes, of course, that I can tell fsck not to drop entries to the files in /lost+found; otherwise, I've just moved my problem. In addition to all the other concerns, after reading about this a bit more, it turns out I'd probably have to call some internal FS functions, as none of the unlink(2) variants I can find would allow me to just blithely delete a directory with entries in it. Pooh. while [ true ]; do ls -Uf | head -n 10000 | xargs rm -f 2/dev/null; done ) This is actually the shortened version; the real one I'm running, which just adds some progress-reporting and a clean stop when we run out of files to delete, is: export i=0; time ( while [ true ]; do ls -Uf | head -n 3 | grep -qF '.png' || break; ls -Uf | head -n 10000 | xargs rm -f 2/dev/null; export i=$(($i+10000)); echo "$i..."; done ) This seems to be working rather well. As I write this, it's deleted 260,000 files in the past thirty minutes or so. Now, for the questions: As mentioned above, is the per-directory entry limit tunable? Why did it take "real 7m9.561s / user 0m0.001s / sys 0m0.001s" to delete a single file which was the first one in the list returned by "ls -U", and it took perhaps ten minutes to delete the first 10,000 entries with the command in #3, but now it's hauling along quite happily? For that matter, it deleted 260,000 in about thirty minutes, but it's now taken another fifteen minutes to delete 60,000 more. Why the huge swings in speed? Is there a better way to do this sort of thing? Not store millions of files in a directory; I know that's silly, and it wouldn't have happened on my watch. Googling the problem and looking through SF and SO offers a lot of variations on "find" that obviously have the wrong idea; it's not going to be faster than my approach for several self-evident reasons. But does the delete-via-fsck idea have any legs? Or something else entirely? I'm eager to hear out-of-the-box (or inside-the-not-well-known-box) thinking. Thanks for reading the small novel; feel free to ask questions and I'll be sure to respond. I'll also update the question with the final number of files and how long the delete script ran once I have that. Final script output!: 2970000... 2980000... 2990000... 3000000... 3010000... real 253m59.331s user 0m6.061s sys 5m4.019s So, three million files deleted in a bit over four hours.

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• help setting up an IPSEC vpn from my linux box

  - by robthewolf

  I have an office with a router and a remote server (Linux - Ubuntu 10.10). Both locations need to connect to a data supplier through a VPN. The VPN is an IPSEC gateway. I was able to configure my Linksys rv42 router to create a VPN connection successfully and now I need to do the same for Linux server. I have been messing around with this for too long. First I tried OpenVPN, but that is SSL and not IPSEC. Then I tried Shrew. I think I have the settings correct but I haven't been able to create the connection. It maybe that I have to use something else like a direct IPSEC config or something like that. If someone knows of a way to turn the following settings that I have been given below into a working IPSEC VPN connection I would be very grateful. Here are the settings I was given that must be used to connect to my supplier: Local destination network: 192.168.4.0/24 Local destination hosts: 192.168.4.100 Remote destination network: 192.167.40.0/24 Remote destination hosts: 192.168.40.27 VPN peering point: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx Then they have given me the following details: IPSEC/ISAKMP Phase 1 Parameters: Authentication method: pre shared secret Diffie Hellman group: group 2 Encryption Algorithm: 3DES Lifetime in seconds:28800 Phase 2 parameters: IPSEC security: ESP Encryption algortims: 3DES Authentication algorithms: MD5 lifetime in seconds: 28800 pfs: disabled Here are the settings from my attempt to use shrew: n:version:2 n:network-ike-port:500 n:network-mtu-size:1380 n:client-addr-auto:0 n:network-frag-size:540 n:network-dpd-enable:1 n:network-notify-enable:1 n:client-banner-enable:1 n:client-dns-used:1 b:auth-mutual-psk:YjJzN2QzdDhyN2EyZDNpNG42ZzQ= n:phase1-dhgroup:2 n:phase1-keylen:0 n:phase1-life-secs:28800 n:phase1-life-kbytes:0 n:vendor-chkpt-enable:0 n:phase2-keylen:0 n:phase2-pfsgroup:-1 n:phase2-life-secs:28800 n:phase2-life-kbytes:0 n:policy-nailed:0 n:policy-list-auto:1 n:client-dns-auto:1 n:network-natt-port:4500 n:network-natt-rate:15 s:client-dns-addr:0.0.0.0 s:client-dns-suffix: s:network-host:xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx s:client-auto-mode:pull s:client-iface:virtual s:client-ip-addr:192.168.4.0 s:client-ip-mask:255.255.255.0 s:network-natt-mode:enable s:network-frag-mode:disable s:auth-method:mutual-psk s:ident-client-type:address s:ident-client-data:192.168.4.0 s:ident-server-type:address s:ident-server-data:192.168.40.0 s:phase1-exchange:aggressive s:phase1-cipher:3des s:phase1-hash:md5 s:phase2-transform:3des s:phase2-hmac:md5 s:ipcomp-transform:disabled Finally here is the debug output from the shrew log: 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : ipc client process thread begin ... 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : peer config add message 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : peer added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local address 217.xxx.xxx.xxx selected for peer 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : tunnel added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : proposal config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : proposal config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : client config message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : local id '192.168.4.0' message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : remote id '192.168.40.0' message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : preshared key message 10/12/22 17:22:18 < A : peer tunnel enable message 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : new phase1 ( ISAKMP initiator ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : exchange type is aggressive 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 <- 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : c1a8b31ac860995d:0000000000000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : phase1 added ( obj count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : security association payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : - proposal #1 payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : -- transform #1 payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : key exchange payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : nonce payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : identification payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v00 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v01 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v02 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( draft v03 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports nat-t ( rfc ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local supports DPDv1 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is SHREW SOFT compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is NETSCREEN compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is SIDEWINDER compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 : vendor id payload 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : local is CISCO UNITY compatible 10/12/22 17:22:18 = : cookies c1a8b31ac860995d:0000000000000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 = : message 00000000 10/12/22 17:22:18 - : send IKE packet 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 ( 484 bytes ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 DB : phase1 resend event scheduled ( ref count = 2 ) 10/12/22 17:22:18 ii : opened tap device tap0 10/12/22 17:22:28 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:38 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:48 - : resend 1 phase1 packet(s) 217.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 - 206.xxx.xxx.xxx:500 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : resend limit exceeded for phase1 exchange 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : phase1 removal before expire time 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : phase1 deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : closed tap device tap0 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : tunnel stats event canceled ( ref count = 1 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel config references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel phase2 references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing tunnel phase1 references 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : tunnel deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : removing all peer tunnel refrences 10/12/22 17:22:58 DB : peer deleted ( obj count = 0 ) 10/12/22 17:22:58 ii : ipc client process thread exit ...

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• MySQL and INT auto_increment fields

  - by PHPguy

  Hello folks, I'm developing in LAMP (Linux+Apache+MySQL+PHP) since I remember myself. But one question was bugging me for years now. I hope you can help me to find an answer and point me into the right direction. Here is my challenge: Say, we are creating a community website, where we allow our users to register. The MySQL table where we store all users would look then like this: CREATE TABLE `users` ( `uid` int(2) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT 'User ID', `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Password is saved as a 32-bytes hash, never in plain text', `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL, `created` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT 'Timestamp of registration', `updated` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT 'Timestamp of profile update, e.g. change of email', PRIMARY KEY (`uid`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; So, from this snippet you can see that we have a unique and automatically incrementing for every new user 'uid' field. As on every good and loyal community website we need to provide users with possibility to completely delete their profile if they want to cancel their participation in our community. Here comes my problem. Let's say we have 3 registered users: Alice (uid = 1), Bob (uid = 2) and Chris (uid = 3). Now Bob want to delete his profile and stop using our community. If we delete Bob's profile from the 'users' table then his missing 'uid' will create a gap which will be never filled again. In my opinion it's a huge waste of uid's. I see 3 possible solutions here: 1) Increase the capacity of the 'uid' field in our table from SMALLINT (int(2)) to, for example, BIGINT (int(8)) and ignore the fact that some of the uid's will be wasted. 2) introduce the new field 'is_deleted', which will be used to mark deleted profiles (but keep them in the table, instead of deleting them) to re-utilize their uid's for newly registered users. The table will look then like this: CREATE TABLE `users` ( `uid` int(2) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT 'User ID', `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Password is saved as a 32-bytes hash, never in plain text', `email` varchar(64) NOT NULL, `is_deleted` int(1) unsigned NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT 'If equal to "1" then the profile has been deleted and will be re-used for new registrations', `created` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT 'Timestamp of registration', `updated` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT 'Timestamp of profile update, e.g. change of email', PRIMARY KEY (`uid`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 3) Write a script to shift all following user records once a previous record has been deleted. E.g. in our case when Bob (uid = 2) decides to remove his profile, we would replace his record with the record of Chris (uid = 3), so that uid of Chris becomes qual to 2 and mark (is_deleted = '1') the old record of Chris as vacant for the new users. In this case we keep the chronological order of uid's according to the registration time, so that the older users have lower uid's. Please, advice me now which way is the right way to handle the gaps in the auto_increment fields. This is just one example with users, but such cases occur very often in my programming experience. Thanks in advance!

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• Unable to list contents/remove directory (linux ext3)

  - by RedKrieg

  System is CentOS5 x86_64, completely up to date. I've got a folder that can't be listed (ls just hangs, eating memory until it is killed). The directory size is nearly 500k: root@server [/home/user/public_html/domain.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03]# stat . File: `.' Size: 458752 Blocks: 904 IO Block: 4096 directory Device: 812h/2066d Inode: 44499071 Links: 2 Access: (0755/drwxr-xr-x) Uid: ( 3292/ user) Gid: ( 3287/ user) Access: 2012-06-29 17:31:47.000000000 -0400 Modify: 2012-10-23 14:41:58.000000000 -0400 Change: 2012-10-23 14:41:58.000000000 -0400 I can see the file names if I use ls -1f, but it just repeats the same 48 files ad infinitum, all of which have non-ascii characters somewhere in the file name: La-critic\363-al-servicio-la-privacidad-300x160.jpg When I try to access the files (say to copy them or remove them) I get messages like the following: lstat("/home/user/public_html/domain.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Sebast\355an-Pi\361era-el-balc\363n-150x120.jpg", 0x7fff364c52c0) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) I tried altering the code found on this man page and modified the code to call unlink for each file. I get the same ENOENT error from the unlink call: unlink("/home/user/public_html/domain.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Marca-naci\363n-Madrid-150x120.jpg") = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) I also straced a "touch", grabbed the syscalls it makes and replicated them, then tried to unlink the resulting file by name. This works fine, but the folder still contains an entry by the same name after the operation completes and the program runs for an arbitrarily long time (strace output ended up at 20GB after 5 minutes and I stopped the process). I'm stumped on this one, I'd really prefer not to have to take this production machine (hundreds of customers) offline to fsck the filesystem, but I'm leaning toward that being the only option at this point. If anyone's had success using other methods for removing files (by inode number, I can get those with the getdents code) I'd love to hear them. (Yes, I've tried find . -inum <inode> -exec rm -fv {} \; and it still has the problem with unlink returning ENOENT) For those interested, here's the diff between that man page's code and mine. I didn't bother with error checking on mallocs, etc because I'm lazy and this is a one-off: root@server [~]# diff -u listdir-orig.c listdir.c --- listdir-orig.c 2012-10-23 15:10:02.000000000 -0400 +++ listdir.c 2012-10-23 14:59:47.000000000 -0400 @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/syscall.h> +#include <string.h> #define handle_error(msg) \ do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0) @@ -17,7 +18,7 @@ char d_name[]; }; -#define BUF_SIZE 1024 +#define BUF_SIZE 1024*1024*5 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { @@ -26,11 +27,16 @@ struct linux_dirent *d; int bpos; char d_type; + int deleted; + int file_descriptor; fd = open(argc > 1 ? argv[1] : ".", O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY); if (fd == -1) handle_error("open"); + char* full_path; + char* fd_path; + for ( ; ; ) { nread = syscall(SYS_getdents, fd, buf, BUF_SIZE); if (nread == -1) @@ -55,7 +61,24 @@ printf("%4d %10lld %s\n", d->d_reclen, (long long) d->d_off, (char *) d->d_name); bpos += d->d_reclen; + if ( d_type == DT_REG ) + { + full_path = malloc(strlen((char *) d->d_name) + strlen(argv[1]) + 2); //One for the /, one for the \0 + strcpy(full_path, argv[1]); + strcat(full_path, (char *) d->d_name); + + //We're going to try to "touch" the file. + //file_descriptor = open(full_path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_NOCTTY|O_NONBLOCK, 0666); + //fd_path = malloc(32); //Lazy, only really needs 16 + //sprintf(fd_path, "/proc/self/fd/%d", file_descriptor); + //utimes(fd_path, NULL); + //close(file_descriptor); + deleted = unlink(full_path); + if ( deleted == -1 ) printf("Error unlinking file\n"); + break; //Break on first try + } } + break; //Break on first try } exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

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• Looking for suggestions on how to reuse AlertDialogs to confirm actions of contextual menus on the items of an ActivityList

  - by Ozone

  I use a ListActivity to display a list of items. The user can long-press an item in the list to display a contextual menu. This menu contains among other things an option to delete the long-pressed item. When the user selects this option, a dialog pops up asking for confirmation of the deletion. Upon confirmation, the item is deleted from the list. I would like to reuse the AlertDialog as much as possible. My attempts at using onPrepareDialog(int, View, Bundle) have been defeated by the fact that the Bundle is not passed to the DialogInterface.OnClickListener. I end up having to recreate a listener on every invocation. I see several ways to solve this: recreate the dialog on every occasion (pros: simple, cons: wasteful) keep the DialogInterface.OnClickListener in a field on the ListActivity and keep the item to be deleted as a field of the listener. (pros: no memory waste, cons: need to manage state). Q: is this safe? have onPrepareDialog update the title, and bind new View.OnClickListeners on the buttons of the AlertDialog. (pros: limit waste, cons: new View.OnClickListener on every invocation). If DialogInterface.OnClickListener accepted a Bundle, I wouldn't have to jump through hoops to keep track of the item being deleted. This is not a blocker, but I would love to see an elegant solution. I would love to hear your suggestions :) Here is the code for option #1, if you want to play with this: public class Example extends ListActivity { private static final int CONFIRM_DELETE_DIALOG = 1; private static final String POSITION_KEY = "position"; private ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>( this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, new String[] { "one", "two" }); setListAdapter(mAdapter); registerForContextMenu(getListView()); } @Override public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) { super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo); getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.my_lovely_menu, menu); } @Override public boolean onContextItemSelected(MenuItem item) { AdapterContextMenuInfo info = (AdapterContextMenuInfo) item.getMenuInfo(); switch (item.getItemId()) { case R.id.delete_item: Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putInt(POSITION_KEY, info.position); showDialog(CONFIRM_DELETE_DIALOG, bundle); return true; default: return super.onContextItemSelected(item); } } @Override protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id, Bundle args) { switch (id) { case CONFIRM_DELETE_DIALOG: final int position = args.getInt(POSITION_KEY); AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(); builder.setCancelable(false); builder.setTitle(String.format( getString(R.string.confirm_delete), mAdapter.getItem(position))); DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener = new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { switch (which) { case DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE: mAdapter.remove(mAdapter.getItem(position)); // Dismiss the dialog to ensure OnDismissListeners are notified. dialog.dismiss(); break; case DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE: // Cancel the dialog to ensure OnCancelListeners are notified. dialog.cancel(); break; } // Remove the dialog so it is re-created next time it is required. removeDialog(CONFIRM_DELETE_DIALOG); } }; builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, listener); builder.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.no, listener); return builder.create(); default: return super.onCreateDialog(id, args); } } }

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• Entity Framework v1 &hellip; Brief Synopsis and Tips &ndash; Part 2

  - by Rohit Gupta

  Using Entity Framework with ASMX Web sErvices and WCF Web Service: If you use ASMX WebService to expose Entity objects from Entity Framework... then the ASMX Webservice does not  include object graphs, one work around is to use Facade pattern or to use WCF Service. The other important aspect of using ASMX Web Services along with Entity Framework is that the ASMX Client is not aware of the existence of EF v1 since the client solely deals with C# objects (not EntityObjects or ObjectContext). Since the client is not aware of the ObjectContext hence the client cannot participate in change tracking since the client only receives the Current Values and not the Orginal values when the service sends the the Entity objects to the client. Thus there are 2 drawbacks to using EntityFramework with ASMX Web Service: 1. Object state is not maintained... so to overcome this limitation we need insert/update single entity at a time and retrieve the original values for the entity being updated on the server/service end before calling Save Changes. 2. ASMX does not maintain object graphs... i.e. Customer.Reservations or Customer.Reservations.Trip relationships are not maintained. Thus you need to send these relationships separately from service to client. WCF Web Service overcomes the object graph limitation of ASMX Web Service, but we need to insure that we are populating all the non-null scalar properties of all the objects in the object graph before calling Update. WCF Web service still cannot overcome the second limitation of tracking changes to entities at the client end. Also note that the "Customer" class in the Client is very different from the "Customer" class in the Entity Framework Model Entities. They are incompatible with each other hence we cannot cast one to the other. However the .NET Framework translates the client "Customer" Entity to the EFv1 Model "customer" Entity once the entity is serialzed back on the ASMX server end. If you need change tracking enabled on the client then we need to use WCF Data Services which is available with VS 2010. ====================================================================================================== In WCF when adding an object that has relationships, the framework assumes that every object in the object graph needs to be added to store. for e.g. in a Customer.Reservations.Trip object graph, when a Customer Entity is added to the store, the EFv1 assumes that it needs to a add a Reservations collection and also Trips for each Reservation. Thus if we need to use existing Trips for reservations then we need to insure that we null out the Trip object reference from Reservations and set the TripReference to the EntityKey of the desired Trip instead. ====================================================================================================== Understanding Relationships and Associations in EFv1 The Golden Rule of EF is that it does not load entities/relationships unless you ask it to explicitly do so. However there is 1 exception to this rule. This exception happens when you attach/detach entities from the ObjectContext. If you detach an Entity in a ObjectGraph from the ObjectContext, then the ObjectContext removes the ObjectStateEntry for this Entity and all the relationship Objects associated with this Entity. For e.g. in a Customer.Order.OrderDetails if the Customer Entity is detached from the ObjectContext then you cannot traverse to the Order and OrderDetails Entities (that still exist in the ObjectContext) from the Customer Entity(which does not exist in the Object Context) Conversely, if you JOIN a entity that is not in the ObjectContext with a Entity that is in the ObjContext then the First Entity will automatically be added to the ObjContext since relationships for the 2 Entities need to exist in the ObjContext. ========================================================= You cannot attach an EntityCollection to an entity through its navigation property for e.g. you cannot code myContact.Addresses = myAddressEntityCollection ========================================================== Cascade Deletes in EDM: The Designer does not support specifying cascase deletes for a Entity. To enable cascasde deletes on a Entity in EDM use the Association definition in CSDL for the Entity. for e.g. SalesOrderDetail (SOD) has a Foreign Key relationship with SalesOrderHeader (SalesOrderHeader 1 : SalesOrderDetail *) if you specify a cascade Delete on SalesOrderHeader Entity then calling deleteObject on SalesOrderHeader (SOH) Entity will send delete commands for SOH record and all the SOD records that reference the SOH record. ========================================================== As a good design practise, if you use Cascade Deletes insure that Cascade delete facet is used both in the EDM as well as in the database. Even though it is not absolutely mandatory to have Cascade deletes on both Database and EDM (since you can see that just the Cascade delete spec on the SOH Entity in EDM will insure that SOH record and all related SOD records will be deleted from the database ... even though you dont have cascade delete configured in the database in the SOD table) ============================================================== Maintaining relationships in Code When Setting a Navigation property of a Entity (for e.g. setting the Contact Navigation property of Address Entity) the following rules apply : If both objects are detached, no relationship object will be created. You are simply setting a property the CLR way. If both objects are attached, a relationship object will be created. If only one of the objects is attached, the other will become attached and a relationship object will be created. If that detached object is new, when it is attached to the context its EntityState will be Added. One important rule to remember regarding synchronizing the EntityReference.Value and EntityReference.EntityKey properties is that when attaching an Entity which has a EntityReference (e.g. Address Entity with ContactReference) the Value property will take precedence and if the Value and EntityKey are out of sync, the EntityKey will be updated to match the Value. ====================================================== If you call .Load() method on a detached Entity then the .Load() operation will throw an exception. There is one exception to this rule. If you load entities using MergeOption.NoTracking, you will be able to call .Load() on such entities since these Entities are accessible by the ObjectContext. So the bottomline is that we need Objectontext to be able to call .Load() method to do deffered loading on EntityReference or EntityCollection. Another rule to remember is that you cannot call .Load() on entities that have a EntityState.Added State since the ObjectContext uses the EntityKey of the Primary (Parent) Entity when loading the related (Child) Entity (and not the EntityKey of the child (even if the EntityKey of the child is present before calling .Load()) ====================================================== You can use ObjContext.Add() to add a entity to the ObjContext and set the EntityState of the new Entity to EntityState.Added. here no relationships are added/updated. You can also use EntityCollection.Add() method to add an entity to another entity's related EntityCollection for e.g. contact has a Addresses EntityCollection so to add a new address use contact.Addresses.Add(newAddress) to add a new address to the Addresses EntityCollection. Note that if the entity does not already exist in the ObjectContext then calling contact.Addresses.Add(myAddress) will cause a new Address Entity to be added to the ObjContext with EntityState.Added and it will also add a RelationshipEntry (a relationship object) with EntityState.Added which connects the Contact (contact) with the new address newAddress. Note that if the entity already exists in the Objectcontext (being part theOtherContact.Addresses Collection), then calling contact.Addresses.Add(existingAddress) will add 2 RelationshipEntry objects to the ObjectStateEntry Collection, one with EntityState.Deleted and the other with EntityState.Added. This implies that the existingAddress Entity is removed from the theOtherContact.Addresses Collection and Added to the contact.Addresses Collection..effectively reassigning the address entity from the theOtherContact to "contact". This is called moving an existing entity to a new object graph. ====================================================== You usually use ObjectContext.Attach() and EntityCollection.Attach() methods usually when you need to reconstruct the ObjectGraph after deserializing the objects as received from a ASMX Web Service Client. Attach is usually used to connect existing Entities in the ObjectContext. When EntityCollection.Attach() is called the EntityState of the RelationshipEntry (the relationship object) remains as EntityState.unchanged whereas when EntityCollection.Add() method is called the EntityState of the relationship object changes to EntityState.Added or EntityState.Deleted as the situation demands. ========================================================= LINQ To Entities Tips: Select Many does Inner Join by default.   for e.g. from c in Contact from a in c.Address select c ... this will do a Inner Join between the Contacts and Addresses Table and return only those Contacts that have a Address. ======================================================== Group Joins Do LEFT Join by default. e.g. from a in Address join c in Contact ON a.Contact.ContactID == c.ContactID Into g WHERE a.CountryRegion == "US" select g; This query will do a left join on the Contact table and return contacts that have a address in "US" region The following query : from c in Contact join a in Address.Where(a1 => a1.CountryRegion == "US") on c.ContactID  equals a.Contact.ContactID into addresses select new {c, addresses} will do a left join on the Address table and return All Contacts. In these Contacts only those will have its Address EntityCollection Populated which have a Address in the "US" region, the other contacts will have 0 Addresses in the Address collection (even if addresses for those contacts exist in the database but are in a different region) ======================================================== Linq to Entities does not support DefaultIfEmpty().... instead use .Include("Address") Query Builder method to do a Left JOIN or use Group Joins if you need more control like Filtering on the Address EntityCollection of Contact Entity =================================================================== Use CreateSourceQuery() on the EntityReference or EntityCollection if you need to add filters during deferred loading of Entities (Deferred loading in EFv1 happens when you call Load() method on the EntityReference or EntityCollection. for e.g. var cust=context.Contacts.OfType<Customer>().First(); var sq = cust.Reservations.CreateSourceQuery().Where(r => r.ReservationDate > new DateTime(2008,1,1)); cust.Reservations.Attach(sq); This populates only those reservations that are older than Jan 1 2008. This is the only way (in EFv1) to Attach a Range of Entities to a EntityCollection using the Attach() method ================================================================== If you need to get the Foreign Key value for a entity e.g. to get the ContactID value from a Address Entity use this :                                address.ContactReference.EntityKey.EntityKeyValues.Where(k=> k.Key == "ContactID")

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• Clone a Hard Drive Using an Ubuntu Live CD

  - by Trevor Bekolay

  Whether you’re setting up multiple computers or doing a full backup, cloning hard drives is a common maintenance task. Don’t bother burning a new boot CD or paying for new software – you can do it easily with your Ubuntu Live CD. Not only can you do this with your Ubuntu Live CD, you can do it right out of the box – no additional software needed! The program we’ll use is called dd, and it’s included with pretty much all Linux distributions. dd is a utility used to do low-level copying – rather than working with files, it works directly on the raw data on a storage device. Note: dd gets a bad rap, because like many other Linux utilities, if misused it can be very destructive. If you’re not sure what you’re doing, you can easily wipe out an entire hard drive, in an unrecoverable way. Of course, the flip side of that is that dd is extremely powerful, and can do very complex tasks with little user effort. If you’re careful, and follow these instructions closely, you can clone your hard drive with one command. We’re going to take a small hard drive that we’ve been using and copy it to a new hard drive, which hasn’t been formatted yet. To make sure that we’re working with the right drives, we’ll open up a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and enter in the following command sudo fdisk –l We have two small drives, /dev/sda, which has two partitions, and /dev/sdc, which is completely unformatted. We want to copy the data from /dev/sda to /dev/sdc. Note: while you can copy a smaller drive to a larger one, you can’t copy a larger drive to a smaller one with the method described below. Now the fun part: using dd. The invocation we’ll use is: sudo dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdc In this case, we’re telling dd that the input file (“if”) is /dev/sda, and the output file (“of”) is /dev/sdc. If your drives are quite large, this can take some time, but in our case it took just less than a minute. If we do sudo fdisk –l again, we can see that, despite not formatting /dev/sdc at all, it now has the same partitions as /dev/sda.  Additionally, if we mount all of the partitions, we can see that all of the data on /dev/sdc is now the same as on /dev/sda. Note: you may have to restart your computer to be able to mount the newly cloned drive. And that’s it…If you exercise caution and make sure that you’re using the right drives as the input file and output file, dd isn’t anything to be scared of. Unlike other utilities, dd copies absolutely everything from one drive to another – that means that you can even recover files deleted from the original drive in the clone! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Reset Your Ubuntu Password Easily from the Live CDHow to Browse Without a Trace with an Ubuntu Live CDRecover Deleted Files on an NTFS Hard Drive from a Ubuntu Live CDCreate a Bootable Ubuntu 9.10 USB Flash DriveWipe, Delete, and Securely Destroy Your Hard Drive’s Data the Easy Way TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 Windows Media Player Glass Icons (icons we like) How to Forecast Weather, without Gadgets Outlook Tools, one stop tweaking for any Outlook version Zoofs, find the most popular tweeted YouTube videos Video preview of new Windows Live Essentials 21 Cursor Packs for XP, Vista & 7

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• Measuring ASP.NET and SharePoint output cache

  - by DigiMortal

  During ASP.NET output caching week in my local blog I wrote about how to measure ASP.NET output cache. As my posting was based on real work and real-life results then I thought that this posting is maybe interesting to you too. So here you can read what I did, how I did and what was the result. Introduction Caching is not effective without measuring it. As MVP Henn Sarv said in one of his sessions then you will get what you measure. And right he is. Lately I measured caching on local Microsoft community portal to make sure that our caching strategy is good enough in environment where this system lives. In this posting I will show you how to start measuring the cache of your web applications. Although the application measured is built on SharePoint Server publishing infrastructure, all those counters have same meaning as similar counters under pure ASP.NET applications. Measured counters I used Performance Monitor and the following performance counters (their names are similar on ASP.NET and SharePoint WCMS): Total number of objects added – how much objects were added to output cache. Total object discards – how much objects were deleted from output cache. Cache hit count – how many times requests were served by cache. Cache hit ratio – percent of requests served from cache. The first three counters are cumulative while last one is coefficient. You can use also other counters to measure the full effect of caching (memory, processor, disk I/O, network load etc before and after caching). Measuring process The measuring I describe here started from freshly restarted web server. I measured application during 12 hours that covered also time ranges when users are most active. The time range does not include late evening hours and night because there is nothing to measure during these hours. During measuring we performed no maintenance or administrative tasks on server. All tasks performed were related to usual daily content management and content monitoring. Also we had no advertisement campaigns or other promotions running at same time. The results You can see the results on following graphic.   Total number of objects added   Total object discards   Cache hit count   Cache hit ratio You can see that adds and discards are growing in same tempo. It is good because cache expires and not so popular items are not kept in memory. If there are more popular content then the these lines may have bigger distance between them. Cache hit count grows faster and this shows that more and more content is served from cache. In current case it shows that cache is filled optimally and we can do even better if we tune caches more. The site contains also pages that are discarded when some subsite changes (page was added/modified/deleted) and one modification may affect about four or five pages. This may also decrease cache hit count because during day the site gets about 5-10 new pages. Cache hit ratio is currently extremely good. The suggested minimum is about 85% but after some tuning and measuring I achieved 98.7% as a result. This is due to the fact that new pages are most often requested and after new pages are added the older ones are requested only sometimes. So they get discarded from cache and only some of these will return sometimes back to cache. Although this may also indicate the need for additional SEO work the result is very well in technical means. Conclusion Measuring ASP.NET output cache is not complex thing to do and you can start by measuring performance of cache as a start. Later you can move on and measure caching effect to other counters such as disk I/O, network, processors etc. What you have to achieve is optimal cache that is not full of items asked only couple of times per day (you can avoid this by not using too long cache durations). After some tuning you should be able to boost cache hit ratio up to at least 85%.

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• FTP Upload ftpWebRequest Proxy

  - by Rodney Vinyard

  Searchable:   FTP Upload ftpWebRequest Proxy FTP command is not supported when using HTTP proxy     In the article below I will cover 2 topics   1.       C# & Windows Command-Line FTP Upload with No Proxy Server   2.       C# & Windows Command-Line FTP Upload with Proxy Server   Not covered here: Secure FTP / SFTP   Sample Attributes: ·         UploadFilePath = “\\servername\folder\file.name” ·         Proxy Server = “ftp://proxy.server/” ·         FTP Target Server = ftp.target.com ·         FTP User = “User” ·         FTP Password = “Password” with No Proxy Server ·         Windows Command-Line > ftp ftp.target.com > ftp User: User > ftp Password: Password > ftp put \\servername\folder\file.name > ftp dir           (result: file.name listed) > ftp del file.name > ftp dir           (result: file.name deleted) > ftp quit   ·         C#   //----------------- //Start FTP via _TargetFtpProxy //----------------- string relPath = Path.GetFileName(\\servername\folder\file.name);   //result: relPath = “file.name”   FtpWebRequest ftpWebRequest = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("ftp.target.com/file.name); ftpWebRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;   //----------------- //user - password //----------------- ftpWebRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("user, "password");   //----------------- // set proxy = null! //----------------- ftpWebRequest.Proxy = null;   //----------------- // Copy the contents of the file to the request stream. //----------------- StreamReader sourceStream = new StreamReader(“\\servername\folder\file.name”);   byte[] fileContents = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sourceStream.ReadToEnd()); sourceStream.Close(); ftpWebRequest.ContentLength = fileContents.Length;     //----------------- // transer the stream stream. //----------------- Stream requestStream = ftpWebRequest.GetRequestStream(); requestStream.Write(fileContents, 0, fileContents.Length); requestStream.Close();   //----------------- // Look at the response results //----------------- FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)ftpWebRequest.GetResponse();   Console.WriteLine("Upload File Complete, status {0}", response.StatusDescription);   with Proxy Server ·         Windows Command-Line > ftp proxy.server > ftp User: [email protected] > ftp Password: Password > ftp put \\servername\folder\file.name > ftp dir           (result: file.name listed) > ftp del file.name > ftp dir           (result: file.name deleted) > ftp quit   ·         C#   //----------------- //Start FTP via _TargetFtpProxy //----------------- string relPath = Path.GetFileName(\\servername\folder\file.name);   //result: relPath = “file.name”   FtpWebRequest ftpWebRequest = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("ftp://proxy.server/" + relPath); ftpWebRequest.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;   //----------------- //user - password //----------------- ftpWebRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential("[email protected], "password");   //----------------- // set proxy = null! //----------------- ftpWebRequest.Proxy = null;   //----------------- // Copy the contents of the file to the request stream. //----------------- StreamReader sourceStream = new StreamReader(“\\servername\folder\file.name”);   byte[] fileContents = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sourceStream.ReadToEnd()); sourceStream.Close(); ftpWebRequest.ContentLength = fileContents.Length;     //----------------- // transer the stream stream. //----------------- Stream requestStream = ftpWebRequest.GetRequestStream(); requestStream.Write(fileContents, 0, fileContents.Length); requestStream.Close();   //----------------- // Look at the response results //----------------- FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)ftpWebRequest.GetResponse();   Console.WriteLine("Upload File Complete, status {0}", response.StatusDescription);

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• Is SugarCRM really adequate for custom development (or adequate at all)? [closed]

  - by dukeofgaming

  Have you used SugarCRM for custom development successfully?, if so, have you done it programmatically or through the Module Builder? Were you successful? If not, why? I used SugarCRM for a project about two years ago, I ran into errors from the very installation, having to hack the actual installation file to deploy the software in the server and other erros that I can't recall now. Two years after, I'm picking it up for a project once again. I'm feeling like I should have developed the whole thing from scratch myself. Some examples: I couldn't install it in the server (again). I had to install it locally, then copy the files and database over to the server and manually edit the config file. Constantly getting deployment errors from the module builder. One reason is SugarCRM keeps creating a record in the upgrade_history table for a file that does not exist, I keep deleting such record and it keeps coming back corrupt. I get other deployment errors, but have not figured them out. then I have to rollback all files and database to try again. I deleted a custom module with relationships, the relationships stayed in the other modules and cannot be deleted anymore, PHP warnings all over the place. Quick create for custom modules does not appear, hack needed. Its whole cache directory is a joke, permanent data/files are stored there. The module builder interface disappears required fields. Edit the wrong thing, module builder won't deploy again, then pray Quick Repair and/or Rebuild Relationships do the trick. My impression of SugarCRM now is that, regardless of its pretty exterior and apparent functionality, it is a very low quality piece of software. This even scared me more: http://amplicate.com/hate/sugarcrm; a quote: I wis this info had been available when I tried to implement it 2 years ago... I searched high and low and the only info I found was positive. Yes, it's a piece of crap. The community edition was full of bugs... nothing worked. Essentially I got fired for implementing it. I'm glad though, because now I work for myself, am much happier and make more money... so, I should really thank SugarCRM for sucking so much I guess! I figured that perhaps some of you have had similar experiences, and have either sticked with SugarCRM or moved on to another solution. I'm very interested in knowing what your resolutions were -or your current situations are- to make up my own mind, since the project I'm working on is long term and I'm feeling SugarCRM will be more an obstacle than an aid. After further failed attempts to continue using this software I continued to stumble upon dead-ends when using the module editor, I could only recover from this errors by using version control. We are now moving on to a custom implementation using Symfony; perhaps if we were using it with its out-of-the-box modules we would have sticked with it.

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• Design pattern for logging changes in parent/child objects saved to database

  - by andrew

  I’ve got a 2 database tables in parent/child relationship as one-many. I’ve got three classes representing the data in these two tables: Parent Class { Public int ID {get; set;} .. other properties } Child Class { Public int ID {get;set;} Public int ParentID {get; set;} .. other properties } TogetherClass { Public Parent Parent; Public List<Child> ChildList; } Lastly I’ve got a client and server application – I’m in control of both ends so can make changes to both programs as I need to. Client makes a request for ParentID and receives a Together Class for the matching parent, and all of the child records. The client app may make changes to the children – add new children, remove or modify existing ones. Client app then sends the Together Class back to the server app. Server app needs to update the parent and child records in the database. In addition I would like to be able to log the changes – I’m doing this by having 2 separate tables one for Parent, one for child; each containing the same columns as the original plus date time modified, by whom and a list of the changes. I’m unsure as to the best approach to detect the changes in records – new records, records to be deleted, records with no fields changed, records with some fields changed. I figure I need to read the parent & children records and compare those to the ones in the Together Class. Strategy A: If Together class’s child record has an ID of say 0, that indicates a new record; insert. Any deleted child records are no longer in the Together Class; see if any of the comparison child records are not found in the Together class and delete if not found (Compare using ID). Check each child record for changes and if changed log. Strategy B: Make a new Updated TogetherClass UpdatedClass { Public Parent Parent {get; set} Public List<Child> ListNewChild {get;set;} Public List<Child> DeletedChild {get;set;} Public List<Child> ExistingChild {get;set;} // used for no changes and modified rows } And then process as per the list. The reason why I’m asking for ideas is that both of these solutions don’t seem optimal to me and I suspect this problem has been solved already – some kind of design pattern ? I am aware of one potential problem in this general approach – that where Client App A requests a record; App B requests same record; A then saves changes; B then saves changes which may overwrite changes A made. This is a separate locking issue which I’ll raise a separate question for if I’ve got trouble implementing. The actual implementation is c#, SQL Server and WCF between client and server - sharing a library containing the class implementations. Apologies if this is a duplicate post – I tried searching various terms without finding a match though.

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• SQL SERVER – Curious Case of Disappearing Rows – ON UPDATE CASCADE and ON DELETE CASCADE – T-SQL Example – Part 2 of 2

  - by pinaldave

  Yesterday I wrote a real world story of how a friend who thought they have an issue with intrusion or virus whereas the issue was really in the code. I strongly suggest you read my earlier blog post Curious Case of Disappearing Rows – ON UPDATE CASCADE and ON DELETE CASCADE – Part 1 of 2 before continuing this blog post as this is second part of the first blog post. Let me reproduce the simple scenario in T-SQL. Building Sample Data USE [TestDB] GO -- Creating Table Products CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Products]( [ProductID] [int] NOT NULL, [ProductDesc] [varchar](50) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Products] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ProductID] ASC )) ON [PRIMARY] GO -- Creating Table ProductDetails CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ProductDetails]( [ProductDetailID] [int] NOT NULL, [ProductID] [int] NOT NULL, [Total] [int] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_ProductDetails] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ProductDetailID] ASC )) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[ProductDetails] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ProductDetails_Products] FOREIGN KEY([ProductID]) REFERENCES [dbo].[Products] ([ProductID]) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE GO -- Insert Data into Table USE TestDB GO INSERT INTO Products (ProductID, ProductDesc) SELECT 1, 'Bike' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'Car' UNION ALL SELECT 3, 'Books' GO INSERT INTO ProductDetails ([ProductDetailID],[ProductID],[Total]) SELECT 1, 1, 200 UNION ALL SELECT 2, 1, 100 UNION ALL SELECT 3, 1, 111 UNION ALL SELECT 4, 2, 200 UNION ALL SELECT 5, 3, 100 UNION ALL SELECT 6, 3, 100 UNION ALL SELECT 7, 3, 200 GO Select Data from Tables -- Selecting Data SELECT * FROM Products SELECT * FROM ProductDetails GO Delete Data from Products Table -- Deleting Data DELETE FROM Products WHERE ProductID = 1 GO Select Data from Tables Again -- Selecting Data SELECT * FROM Products SELECT * FROM ProductDetails GO Clean up Data -- Clean up DROP TABLE ProductDetails DROP TABLE Products GO My friend was confused as there was no delete was firing over ProductsDetails Table still there was a delete happening. The reason was because there is a foreign key created between Products and ProductsDetails Table with the keywords ON DELETE CASCADE. Due to ON DELETE CASCADE whenever is specified when the data from Table A is deleted and if it is referenced in another table using foreign key it will be deleted as well. Workaround 1: Design Changes – 3 Tables Change the design to have more than two tables. Create One Product Mater Table with all the products. It should historically store all the products list in it. No products should be ever removed from it. Add another table called Current Product and it should contain only the table which should be visible in the product catalogue. Another table should be called as ProductHistory table. There should be no use of CASCADE keyword among them. Workaround 2: Design Changes - Column IsVisible You can keep the same two tables. 1) Products and 2) ProductsDetails. Add a column with BIT datatype to it and name it as a IsVisible. Now change your application code to display the catalogue based on this column. There should be no need to delete anything. Workaround 3: Bad Advices (Bad advises begins here) The reason I have said bad advices because these are going to be bad advices for sure. You should make necessary design changes and not use poor workarounds which can damage the system and database integrity further. Here are the examples 1) Do not delete the data – well, this is not a real solution but can give time to implement design changes. 2) Do not have ON CASCADE DELETE – in this case, you will have entry in productsdetails which will have no corresponding product id and later on there will be lots of confusion. 3) Duplicate Data – you can have all the data of the product table move to the product details table and repeat them at each row. Now remove CASCADE code. This will let you delete the product table rows without any issue. There are so many things wrong this suggestion, that I will not even start here. (Bad advises ends here)  Well, did I miss anything? Please help me with your suggestions. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• I am not able to delete a corrupt NTFS partition on my pen drive. How can I force its deletion?

  - by yesuraj

  I formatted my 16GB pen drive with the NTFS file system in windows vista. After that I started copying some files. However, only a few files were copied to the pen drive before the copy operation hung. So I cancelled the copy operation. Now I am unable to use the pen drive. I DON'T REALLY NEED ANY FILES THAT I COPIED TO THE PENDRIVE. I JUST WANT TO USE THE PENDRIVE AGAIN. I have tried using Ubuntu to format the pen drive. But when i use fdisk to delete the partition, it looks like it is working fine but in fact it does not delete the partition. Also I am unable to format it with any other file system. When I tried to use gparted, it throws the following error: Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 14: The disk contains an unclean file system(0,0). The file system wasn't safely closed on window. Fixing ntfs_attr_pread_i:ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error Failed to read NTFS$Bitmap:Input/output error NTFS is either inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault, or it's a softRAID/FakeRAID hardware. In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows then reboot into windows twice. The usage of the /f parameter is very important!. If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID then first activate it and mount a different device under the /dev/mapper directory, (e.g. /dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1). Please see the dmraid documentation for more details When I searched the Internet I found help on how to recover. But I don’t want to recover, I want to format it again. When I pressed w after deleting the partition, it took more time than previously. After that i removed the pen drive and re-inserted, but the partition I had deleted was still present. If I simply type the command fdisk /dev/sdb without removing the pen drive after the partition is deleted, then it returns the error message Unable to open /dev/sdb. Here are the steps that I followed: root@yesuraj-ubuntu:~# fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): d Selected partition 1 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks THE DEMESG PRINTS ARE AS FOLLOWS, [ 6139.774753] usb 2-1.3: reset high speed USB device number 4 using ehci_hcd [ 6154.816941] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/64, error -110 [ 6169.968908] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/64, error -110 [ 6170.158427] usb 2-1.3: reset high speed USB device number 4 using ehci_hcd [ 6185.200638] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/64, error -110 [ 6200.352572] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/64, error -110 [ 6200.542093] usb 2-1.3: reset high speed USB device number 4 using ehci_hcd [ 6205.559460] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/8, error -110 I used the dd command and it erased the partition table. But now when I connect the pen drive, dmesg contains this error message: [88143.437001] sdb: unknown partition table. I am not able to create a partion using fdisk /dev/sdb. The error message says that it is unable to find the node. Other messages from dmesg follow below. [87100.531596] usb 2-1.3: new high speed USB device number 39 using ehci_hcd [87130.915257] usb 2-1.3: new high speed USB device number 40 using ehci_hcd [87135.932647] usb 2-1.3: device descriptor read/8, error -110

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• Asus X202e VivoBook, dual boot. How to get around UEFI and have Win8 & Ubuntu?

  - by Nukeface

  I've gotten my hands on an Asus Vivobook X202e. I like it, handy to use, small, etc etc. Oh, it's the i3 core version. For school I still need Windows * sigh * for the .NET development. (I know, possible in Ubuntu, this n that, but for ease atm wanting to keep it with Win8). So. How to install both on this little thing? I've found a way into the BIOS (before splash screen, mash F2. Works only after reboot, not cold boot). But the whole boot loading setup is different than from what I know, and I must've messed up something because it's been "Attempting Repairs", "Analyzing hard disk", and a bunch of other things for the past 15 minutes. (All I've done is selected "disabled" on secure boot, picky as ** Microsoft). Keeping the original Windows installation is of no concern. Found the product key already and have a clean install waiting. BTW, not trying to leech knowledge, even though first question and no answers. I'm more and more active on Stackoverflow. But, especially due to secure boot and windows 8, I'm going over to Ubuntu. Well, more and more anyway, I like my Windows based games as well ;) UPDATE Managed to do a clean install of Windows 8 Pro. After disabling Secure Boot, also had to disable fast boot, and enable Launch CSM, leaving the option which appeared (Launch PXE OpROM) disabled. Then I rebooted, with the USB Boot drive I created using the Windows 7 USB DVD Download Tool (scroll down for download link), provided by Microsoft. During the installation, I chose to install a clean version, therefor deleted the partitions containing current windows files. I left the Recovery partition (you never know...). Of course, the new Windows Installation dit not like this. Apparantly Windows cannot be installed on a GPT hard disk. Remember I hadn't changed the partition table, was still factory default! Minus a few partitions, granted. So deleted ALL partittions, did a format of the disk, created a new partition. Et voila, Windows installation started. FINALLY! WONDROUS After the installation, Windows still had background images located in C:/Users/ ME /AppData/Local/Microsoft/Themes/RoamedThemeFiles/DesktopBackground/ that I had in the previous installation. Before doing: format, delete partition, cascade partitions, create new partition of different size, format partition, install Windows. It managed to keep the images through all that. Anyone got an idea on that one? It also remembered the settings for the Windows Aero theme... UPDATED QUESTION: After all this you'd think I'd have the rest figured out. Wrong. Ubuntu 12.10, 64 bit installation can't read the partitioning of the hdd during the installation. Any ideas on how to fix this so the install for a dual-boot system can proceed? (Preferably without starting anew with Windows as well ;) )

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• Managing Dependency Hell with WiX and C#

  - by Tom the Junglist

  We are on the eve of product launch, and at the last minute I am being bombarded with crash reports that appear to be related to our installer, which is a WiX3 project with separate outputs for x86 and x64 builds. These have been an ongoing problem that I always thought were fixed, only to find out that they were still lurking. The product itself is a collection of binaries that communicate with each other via .Net remoting, including a Windows Service and a small COM component that is loaded as an addon in another app. The service runs as SYSTEM, the COM piece runs in a low-rights context, while the other pieces run in normal user contexts. Other pieces include an third-party COM object library DLL and a shared DLL with the .net Remoting interfaces. I've observed flat-out weird behavior with MSI, particularly on version upgrades. Between MS' anal strong-name implementation (specifically, the exact version check before loading a given assembly), a documented WiX/MSI bug that sees critical files erased on upgrades (essentially, if a file in the upgrade MSI has the same version number as the existing install, that file is deleted), and having to work around Wow64 virtualization (x86 MSI can only write to registry/HD locations via Wow64, yet x64 MSIs cannot run on x86 computers...), I am about ready to trash the whole thing and port it over to a different install system. What I am looking for on tips + tricks, techniques, or suggestions on how to properly do things so that I am not fighting with Windows Installer's twisted sense of logic. I am tired of fighting with WiX/MSI/Windows Installer. All it needs to do is place files and registry keys where I tell it to, upgrade them when appropriate, and don't delete anything until the user uninstalls. Instead, dependencies are deleted willy-nilly, bringing up a whole bunch of uncatchable exceptions (can't wrap a try{} block around function declarations) and GPF'ing the whole app. I am particularly interested in 'best practices' and examples regarding shared and dependency DLLs, and any tips on making sure if a file needs to go to GAC, that it actually goes to the GAC and stays there until it is appropriate to remove it. Thanks! Tom

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• Entity Framework: Delete Object and its related entities

  - by Waheed

  Hi, Does anyone know how to delete an object and all of it's related entities. For example i have tables, Products, Category, ProductCategory and productDetails, the productCategory is joining table of both Product and Category. I have red from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb738580.aspx that Deleting the parent object also deletes all the child objects in the constrained relationship. This result is the same as enabling the CascadeDelete property on the association for the relationship. I am using this code Product productObj = this.ObjectContext.Product.Where(p => p.ProductID.Equals(productID)).First(); if (!productObj.ProductCategory.IsLoaded) productObj.ProductCategory.Load(); if (!productObj.ProductDetails.IsLoaded) productObj.ProductDetails.Load(); //my own methods. base.Delete(productObj); base.SaveAllObjectChanges(); But i am getting error on ObjectContext.SaveChanges(); i.e A relationship is being added or deleted from an AssociationSet 'FK_ProductCategory_Product'. With cardinality constraints, a corresponding 'ProductCategory' must also be added or deleted. Thanks in advance....

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• Add new item to UITableView and Core Data as data source?

  - by David.Chu.ca

  I have trouble to add new item to my table view with core data. Here is the brief logic in my codes. In my ViewController class, I have a button to trigle the edit mode: - (void) toggleEditing { UITableView *tv = (UITableView *)self.view; if (isEdit) // class level flag for editing { self.newEntity = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityName:@"entity1" inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectContext]; NSArray *insertIndexPaths = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSInextPath indexPathForRow:0 inSection:0], nil]; // empty at beginning so hard code numbers here. [tv insertRowsAtIndexPaths:insertIndexPaths withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade]; [self.tableView setEditing:YES animated:YES]; // enable editing mode } else { ...} } In this block of codes, I added a new item to my current managed object context first, and then I added a new row to my tv. I think that both the number of objects in my data source or context and the number of rows in my table view should be 1. However, I got an exception in the event of tabView:numberOfRowsInSection: Invalid update: invalid number of rows in section 0. The number of rows contained in an existing section after the update (0) must be equal to the number of rows contained in that section before the update (0), plus or minus the number of rows inserted or deleted from that section (1 inserted, 0 deleted). The exception was raised right after the delegate event: - (NSInteger) tableView:(UITableView *) tableView numberOfRawsInSection:(NSInteger) section { // fetchedResultsController is class member var NSFetchedResultsController id <NSFechedResultsSectionInfo> sectionInfo = [[fetchedResultsController sections] objectAtIndex: section]; NSInteger rows = [sectionInfo numberOfObjects]; return rows; } In debug mode, I found that the rows was still 0 and the event invoked after the the even of toggleEditing. It looks like that sectionInfo obtained from fetchedResultsController did not include the new entity object inserted. Not sure if I miss anything or steps? I am not sure how it works: to get the fetcedResultsController notified or reflect the change when a new entity is inserted into the current managed object context?

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• Problem with cascade delete using Entity Framework and System.Data.SQLite

  - by jamone

  I have a SQLite DB that is set up so when I delete a Person the delete is cascaded. This works fine when I manually delete a Person (all records that reference the PersonID are deleted). But when I use Entity Framework to delete the Person I get an error: System.InvalidOperationException: The operation failed: The relationship could not be changed because one or more of the foreign-key properties is non-nullable. When a change is made to a relationship, the related foreign-key property is set to a null value. If the foreign-key does not support null values, a new relationship must be defined, the foreign-key property must be assigned another non-null value, or the unrelated object must be deleted. I don't understand why this is occurring. My trigger is set to clean up all related objects before deleting the object it was told to delete. When I go into the model editor and check the properties of the relationship it shows no action for the OnDelete property. Why isn't this set correctly by pulling it from the DB? If I change this value to Cascade everything works properly, but I would rather not rely on this manual change because what if I refresh my model from the DB and it looses that. Here's the relivent SQL for my tables. CREATE TABLE [SomeTable] ( [SomeTableID] INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, [PersonID] INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES [Person](PersonID) ON DELETE CASCADE ) CREATE TABLE [Person] ( [PersonID] INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT )

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• Problem deleting record using Entity Framework and System.Data.SQLite

  - by jamone

  I have a SQLite DB that is set up so when I delete a Person the delete is cascaded. This works fine when I manually delete a Person (all records that reference the PersonID are deleted). But when I use Entity Framework to delete the Person I get an error: System.InvalidOperationException: The operation failed: The relationship could not be changed because one or more of the foreign-key properties is non-nullable. When a change is made to a relationship, the related foreign-key property is set to a null value. If the foreign-key does not support null values, a new relationship must be defined, the foreign-key property must be assigned another non-null value, or the unrelated object must be deleted. I don't understand why this is occurring. My trigger is set to clean up all related objects before deleting the object it was told to delete. When I go into the model editor and check the properties of the relationship it shows no action for the OnDelete property. Why isn't this set correctly by pulling it from the DB? Here's the relivent SQL for my tables. CREATE TABLE [SomeTable] ( [SomeTableID] INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, [PersonID] INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES [Person](PersonID) ON DELETE CASCADE ) CREATE TABLE [Person] ( [PersonID] INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT )

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