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  • sniffing on a switched LAN

    - by shodanex
    Hi, I often find myself in the position of having to sniff on a connection between for example an arm board I am developing on, and another computer on the network, or out of the network. The easy situation is when I can install a sniffer on the computer talking to the embedded device. When it is not possible, I currently install an old 10Mb/s HUB. However I am afraid my HUB might stop working, and I would like to know some alternative. Here are the alternatives I could think of : Buy another HUB. Is that still possible ? Have some sort of ethernet sniffing bridge, like what they do for USB. I am afraid this kind of device is expensive. use ARP poisoning.

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  • virtual disk image - file or partition

    - by tylerl
    I'm looking at the differences between using a file versus a partition to store a virtual disk image in VM use. The common knowledge is that partition-based images are faster than file-based images because of a decreased overhead. It makes sense, but I've never seen any actual numbers. My own testing bears out a different result. When I benchmark a direct-to-partition virtual disk, then format that same partition with ext4, create a virtual disk image stored on that ext4 filesystem, and then benchmark that, I see no speedup at all for the direct-to-partition virtual disk. Instead on some systems the file-based image is even faster (possibly due to host OS caching or something like that). This test was repeated many times on many systems, with fairly consistent results. So perhaps throwing out the performance justification, is it still considered better to use a partition rather than a virtual disk image? Is there some other reason why direct partition access is better than image files? Or perhaps is there some reason to go the other way around? Perhaps an advantage in one of the virtual disk file formats that you don't get with raw partition images?

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  • Dell powerconnect 6224 vlan routing

    - by user1007727
    I have a small network and I need help with routing .. . My VLANs VLAN 1010 SALES VLAN 1020 HR I have assigned the above vlans to a tagged port and I have added a default route to send the traffic of to my firewall. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.10.10.10 I have added a new vlan VLAN 1030 Services and I would like its traffic to go to a different interface on the firewall, 10.10.10.20 how can I go about doing that? can someone give me an example? your help is highly appreciated. Thank you

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  • switch's mgmt-ip is not remotely reachable.

    - by RainDoctor
    Switch model: Netgear FSM7352PS mgmt-ip: 192.168.1.100/24 Vlan id: 1 (default) There are couple of hosts in this Vlan: 192.168.1.2 (esxi console), for instance. 192.168.1.1 is the firewall/router interface. I can ping 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2 from other vlans, say, 172.31.0.0/24 I can ssh to 192.168.1.2 from 172.31.0.0/24 I can't ping 192.168.1.100 from 172.31.0.0/24 However, I can ping 192.168.1.100 from 192.168.1.2 or from my laptop connected to that vlan (192.168.1.11). I can connect to the web GUI from my laptop when I am in that Vlan. Can anyone shed some light on why I am not able to connect from other vlans?

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  • Switch user from locked screensaver?

    - by desert69
    I'm having the same problem as this, but the answer from there doesn't work for me. Neither in my iMac upgraded from Lion to Mountain Lion (currently at 10.8), nor from a Mac Mini with Lion Server (10.7.4). I have "Show fast user switching menu as" enabled at "Users & Groups" Login Options, but when I have to login from screensaver, there's no option to switch user. How can I enable such an option? EDIT: I think I forgot to mention that we believe (just guessing) that it has to do with network accounts. We use network accounts here, and have that issue. My boss says he could solve this issue at his house's Mac, which don't use network accounts. Does it make a difference?

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  • How do I extend the virsh/qemu/libvirt Timeout?

    - by Nick
    There's a known issue with starting virtual machines with large hard drive images. Apparently, the time-out is 3 seconds, but in reality, it can take up to 15 seconds for a machine to start. I've read several bug reports, and people confirming it's a time-out problem, but I have yet to see a solution. Is there an option I can pass, like: virsh start MyMachine --ignore-timeout Or a config file that needs changed? Thanks!

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  • My linux server "Number of processes created" and "Context switches" are growing incredibly fast

    - by Jorge Fuentes González
    I have a strange behaviour in my server :-/. Is a OpenVZ VPS (I think is OpenVZ, because /proc/user_beancounters exists and df -h returns /dev/simfs drive. Also ifconfig returns venet0). When I do cat /proc/stat, I can see how each second about 50-100 processes are created and happens about 800k-1200k context switches! All that info is with the server completely idle, no traffic nor programs running. Top shows 0 load average and 100% idle CPU. I've closed all non-needed services (httpd, mysqld, sendmail, nagios, named...) and the problem still happens. I do ps -ALf each second too and I don't see any changes, only a new ps process is created each time and the PID is just the same as before + 1, so new processes are not created, so I thought that process growing in cat /proc/stat must be threads (Yes, seems that processes in /proc/stat counts threads creation too as this states: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:8NLgzKEzHQQJ:www.linuxhowtos.org/System/procstat.htm&hl=es&tbo=d&gl=es&strip=1). I've changed to /proc dir and done cat [PID]\status with all PIDs listed with ls (Including kernel ones) and in any process voluntary_ctxt_switches nor nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches are growing at the same speed as cat /proc/stat does (just a few tens/second), Threads keeps the same also. I've done strace -p PID to all process too so I can see if any process is crating threads or something but the only process that has a bit of movement is ssh and that movement is read/write operations because of the data is sending to my terminal. After that, I've done vmstat -s and saw that forks is growing at the same speed processes in /proc/stat does. As http://linux.die.net/man/2/fork says, each fork() creates a new PID but my server PID is not growing! The last thing I can think of is that all process data that proc/stat and vmstat -s show is shared with all the other VPS stored in the same machine, but I don't know if that is correct... If someone can throw some light on this I would be really grateful.

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  • Bridge and OpenVPN with shorewall

    - by Javier Martinez
    I have this scenario and everything it's working OK, but I want to configure my Shorewall and I can't do it. My interfaces are: br0 (bridge of eth0) tun0 (OpenVPN) vnet* (each one of bridged interfaces with public IP's) Public Main IP: 188.165.X.Y OpenVPN IP's: 172.28.0.x Bridge: public ip's So, I have the next configuration for shorewall: /etc/shorewall/zones #ZONE TYPE OPTIONS IN OUT # OPTIONS OPTIONS fw firewall inet ipv4 road ipv4 /etc/shorewall/interfaces #ZONE INTERFACE BROADCAST OPTIONS inet br0 detect routeback road tun+ detect routeback /etc/shorewall/policy #SOURCE DEST POLICY LOG LIMIT: CONNLIMIT: # LEVEL BURST MASK $FW all ACCEPT inet $FW DROP info road all DROP inet road DROP /etc/shorewall/tunnels #TYPE ZONE GATEWAY GATEWAY # ZONE openvpnserver:1194 inet 0.0.0.0/0 The problem is that even with shorewall running I am able to ping or connect to the virtual machines behind the bridge

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  • How do I prevent libvirt from adding iptables rules for guest NAT networks?

    - by Jack Douglas
    Similar to this old request on BugZilla for Fedora 8, I'm hoping something has changed since then or someone knows another way. I want to manage the iptables rules by hand—the one-size-fits-all automatic rules don't suit me at all. These rules seem to be added and removed when a network is started and destroyed. Is there a way of either preventing these rules being added at all or hooking a script into the network start that restores the default rules afterwards. For now, I'm using a very crude method with cron, but I hope there is a better way: * * * * * root iptables-restore < /etc/sysconfig/iptables

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  • Need help connecting to SRW2024 Linksys Switch from CentOS 5.4

    - by sxanness
    I am configured a Linksys SRW2024, I accidently changed the management VLAN before changing the VLAN configuration thus I can no longer access it with the net. The only way I have read to get into it now is via a console cable, my laptop with me is a MacBook Pro with no Serial port connection, apart from driving around a town that I am unfamilar with to find an adapter I thought I would try on a Linux box. I have a CentOS 5.4 server here (PowerEdge R300) that I am trying to use to talk to the switch. I tried minicom first but I do not see the console. Another site suggested the screen command. I tried "screen /dev/ttyS0 38400" but all I get is blinking curser, I do not see the configuration. I don't know if anyone here as any tips but I hope someone does. Thank You,

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  • Can I uninstall Qmail when I switch to Gmail Apps

    - by Saif Bechan
    I am not going to run a mail server anymore on my system. I am going to switch to Gmail. Can I then just uninstall Qmail or my previous mail server programm. I want to be able to send email from PHP. And I also want to get the email that Logwatch sends me from within the system. Basically, to have your server send email do you need an email server? Or will Gmail cover all of this.

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  • How should I use LVM with Ganeti?

    - by javano
    I am building a small Ganeti cluster on some low end hardware (I only have the resources given sadly). I am confused as to the use of LVMs with DRBD. I have two instances and three nodes. What I want is instance1 replicated between node 1 & 2, and instance2 replicated between nodes 3 & 2 (so node2 is doing nothing, except waiting for either node1 or 3 to fail, is it is the secondary node for both instances). This is because node2 is a lower hardware spec than 1 and 3, so I just want it as an hot-spare. How can I achieve this? I don't want instance1 being replicated to node3 for example, nor instance2 replicated to node1. Nodes 1 & 2 have /dev/sda5 which is 150GBs (for example). Nodes 2 & 3 have /dev/sda6 which is also 75GBs (for example). Using just nodes 1 & 2, after looking at the Ganeti docs I would; vgcreate my-vg Next I would create the cluster via gnt-cluster VG = "my-vg". It is here I believe that I am missing some knowledge. I believe that what I need to do is create the same Logical Volume on nodes 1 & 2 in Volume Group "my-vg", that solely consists of /dev/sda5 and call it "lv1". Then create an Logical Volume on nodes 2 & 3 the solely consists of /dev/sda6 in "my-vg" that is called "lv2". When creating instance1 I would then use "-vg=lv1 -n node1:node2", and when creating instance2 I would use "-vg=lv2 -n node3:node2". I breifly had a go at this today and I'm dubious if this will be possible. When trying to create instance2, "lv2" wont exist on node1 (the cluster master) so I don't believe it will allow the instance creation. Could I create a 1kb parition (/dev/sda6) on node1 and put it into a LV called "lv2" or is that too flakey? Is this set up possible? Thank you.

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  • Determine Server specs for a Rails with MySQL database (on AWS)

    - by Rogier
    I developed a intranet applications with Rails (3.2) for one of my customers. There will be around 30-40 employees working with it. Backend is MySQL (5). What would be the best way to determine the servers specs needed? Given: max. load will be roughly 2400 (40*60) HTTP requests (mixed GET / POST) per hour. 15% of these calls are JSON calls (iOS) avg request will make between 5-10 database calls 500-800 SQL INSERTS per day webpages are fairly simple (no images, just text) avg webpage is 15 request (css/js/etc) and total size is 35-45 KB More specific, since they need access from multiple geographical locations, we are thinking of running a bitnami Ruby stack in the AWS cloud (uptime is important). Any thoughts on a AWS Instance (small/medium) and Utilization (light/medium/heavy) ? Thanks!

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  • What could be the maximum number of hosts on a 100BaseTX ethernet network ?

    - by snowflake
    Hello, I'm having two ip networks (192.168.1.x and 192.168.2.x) bridged on a server, but all hosts (fixed IPs) are on the same physical 100BaseTX ethernet (with a daisy chain of 48ports switchs). Often, I loose link between the server and hosts of the second network. Usually if I reboot the host, the connection work again, and if I force connection to be active, the connection keep alive until I ping after a while without active connection. I'm wondering how many hosts can be connected on the same network without troubles, and eventually how many switches can be daisy chained ? I suppose maximum length between hosts to be 100meters to the hub or 200meters between extremity of the network. Somebody is suggesting 8 switches here : http://www.tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=1137879&page=12 Any comments on how to find a solution to the problem and not answering directly to the question are welcomed!

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  • hybrid cable for QSFP to CX4 convertion

    - by John-ZFS
    here is a hybrid cable for QSFP to CX4. Will this fit SFP+ ports? Deeply confused by standards and struck in a situation with wrong hardware selection!Personally have not seen the ports/hardware and hence the obviously stupid question! thanks for stopping by and bearing with me. http://www.cablesondemand.com/pcategory/72/category/QSFP+-+CX4/URvars/Catalog/Library/InfoManage/QSFP_TO_CX4_COPPER_CABLES.htm

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  • Cisco redundancy modes

    - by user974896
    I am using a Cisco 6500 series with an SSO redundancy configuration. The show redundancy output is as follows: Hardware Mode = Duplex Configured Redundancy Mode = sso Operating Redundancy Mode = rpr Maintenance Mode = Disabled Communications = Up I would assume the device is operating in RPR mode although SSO is configured. What could cause this? Shouldn't the operating mode be SSO? EDIT (show redundancy states): my state = 13 -ACTIVE peer state = 4 -STANDBY COLD Mode = Duplex Unit = Primary Unit ID = 5 Redundancy Mode (Operational) = rpr Redundancy Mode (Configured) = sso Redundancy State = rpr Split Mode = Disabled Manual Swact = Enabled Communications = Up client count = 60 client_notification_TMR = 30000 milliseconds keep_alive TMR = 9000 milliseconds keep_alive count = 1 keep_alive threshold = 18 RF debug mask = 0x0

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  • Linux: Automatically switch to external monitor (VGA)

    - by peoro
    I've got an eeePC with a really tiny monitor, so whenever I go (home, faculty, parent's home, friend's home, ...) I attach it to any external monitor I can find. If it matters my system is like this: Archlinux Linux 2.6.36 Xorg 7.6 X server 1.9.2 Intel Corporation Mobile 945GME Express Integrated Graphics Controller (fully accelerated by intel modules) When I boot up the system, it uses the integrated monitor (LVDS1) only, and I have to manually manually switch to the external monitor (VGA1) using xrandr. Is it possible to configure my Xorg (or whatever) so that it uses the VGA1 output if present?

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  • Spanning-Tree and redundant links

    - by Franko
    I have 2 switches which have redundancy between them, meaning fa0/1 on SW1 is connected to fa0/1 on SW2, and fa0/2 on SW1 is connected to fa0/2 on SW2. Both of the switches have the same BID, however the MAC address of SW1 is numerically lower, hence making it the root bridge. Now my question is, on SW2, what determines which of fa0/1 and fa0/2 becomes the RP (Root Port) and the other on blocking state?

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  • Configure iptables with a bridge and static IPs

    - by Andrew Koester
    I have my server set up with several public IP addresses, with a network configuration as follows (with example IPs): eth0 \- br0 - 1.1.1.2 |- [VM 1's eth0] | |- 1.1.1.3 | \- 1.1.1.4 \- [VM 2's eth0] \- 1.1.1.5 My question is, how do I set up iptables with different rules for the actual physical server as well as the VMs? I don't mind having the VMs doing their own iptables, but I'd like br0 to have a different set of rules. Right now I can only let everything through, which is not the desired behavior (as br0 is exposed). Thanks!

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  • Capabilities of business and SOHO routers

    - by Q8Y
    I'm currently studying for the CCNA certifications (especially for Cisco routers and configuration). I know that business routers provide more features than SOHO routers, the processing speed and RAM can be enough. Assume I need to connect a number of users through a network (accessing internet, share files, printers, ...). I have a high speed connection to the internet and I already applied QoS. How can I find out how many users such a single (SOHO) router could handle? In my case I'd attach to it multiple switches until I have the number of ports needed. Would everything work well and smoothly with 50 users? What about 300? At which point would I need a business router instead? If I implemented VLAN here, would it make any difference in the performance? When do I really need to use more than one router? (Both SOHO and business) I'm thinking that I may need them only if I want to increase the performance (instead of replacing the existing one) and if I have multiple locations, so in this situation I need to have multiple routers, right? Put differently: Is there is a need to have another router if my business all in one place?

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  • Allowing outbound traffic with APF/iptables for OpenVZ container

    - by David
    I have apf installed on a OpenVZ container (proxmox 2.1). The config is pretty much vanilla and things are working. My external services like ssh and http are working. My problem is that all outbound traffic on http/https is blocked. How do I allow all outbound traffic for http/https. If I change EGF to 1 like this, all inbound and outbound traffic gets blocked EGF="1" EG_TCP_CPORTS="21,25,80,443,43,53" EG_UDP_CPORTS="20,21,53" EG_ICMP_TYPES="all" I opened a single outbound rule with the following # /usr/local/sbin/apf -a downloads.wordpress.org How do I allow all outbound traffic on http/https without blocking all traffic? Why would I allow all inbound ssh/http traffic and block all outbound traffic?

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  • LAME: Switch sample rate of file without reencoding?

    - by TK Kocheran
    Is it possible to resample an MP3 file to a different rate (44.1) without doing a reencode? I have a few MP3 files that are at 48 and I need to switch 'em to 44.1, and I don't want to have to reencode my files to do so, as I'll lose quality. The source files are at CBR 320 and at 48kHz. Can this be done? The current way I'm doing it is using the following command: lame -b 320 -q 0 --resample 44.1 input.mp3 output.mp3 Is there a better way to do this?

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  • Hide Win 8.1 "tip" about "Switch between apps"?

    - by Carl R
    I've just installed Win8.1 and I'm trying to set up IIS. When I open Add remove programs from the start menu I get the pc-settings app. In the pc-settings app I get a "tooltip" or whatever we should call it, that hints me to "Switch between apps" by swiping from the edge. Well fine, but I don't want to do that right now, and I can't get that tip to dissapear. The tip lingers on even into Visual Studio, covering my code. I can't swipe because I don't have a touch screen, and also I'm on a multimonitor system that shows this tip in the middle of the screen. Here's a screenshot for you, where I put the web browser slightly over the left monitor. So, besides rebooting, how am I supposed to kill this very informative tip? EDIT When I kill the app by alt-f4 it dissapears right until I open the settings app again, then it's back. What I'm asking about is how to dismiss items like this in general.

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  • How do you synchronise huge sparse files (VM disk images) between machines?

    - by chrisdew
    Is there a command, such as rsync, which can synchronise huge, sparse, files from one linux server to another? It is very important that the destination file remains sparse. It may be longer (but not bigger) than the drive which contains it. Only changed blocks should be sent across the wire. I have tried rsync, but got no joy. groups.google.com/group/mailing.unix.rsync/browse_thread/thread/94f39271980513d3 If I write a programme to do this, am I just reinventing the wheel? http://www.finalcog.com/synchronise-block-devices Thanks, Chris.

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  • VMware - Broadcom 1000Gbps NIC does not link at 100Mbps to a Cisco switch port

    - by Spirit
    Today we've stumbled on a very awkward situation with our VMWare Server. The server is with ESX 3.5 that has a 1Gbps NIC. We bought a brand new managed Cisco Linksys switch with 10/100Mbps interface ports but when we plugged the cable in one of the ports the link simply does not wanted to activate :S... Does anyone with more VMware experience have ever had similar problem? From what I know is that 1Gbps NICs are backwards compatible with 100Mbps switches. This is what we've tryed so far but with no success: Tryed: http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1004089 Tryed to modify the /etc/modules.conf folowing the guide from this article http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=813 After the changes I have restarted the networking services using # service network restart, # service mgmt-vmware restart and # service vmware-vpxa restart It seems that no matter how many times, or whatever approach/method (GUI or Shell) we try to change the speed and duplex of the network adapter and to force it to 100mbps it only accepts 1Gbps .. I am starting to go nuts :@

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