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  • A server-side language to Learn

    - by Roth
    I'm a graphic designer, with experience in print design. In fact, I'm working on digital prepress since 4 years ago. I'm doing a course on web design right now, although I have been studying it on my own for a while, online. So, my question is, what kind of server-side language do I need to learn? I'm feel comfortable with HTML, CSS, and Javascript, even with preprocessors like SASS and LESS, but server-side scripting becomes a nightmare to me. So, what kind of language is necessary to learn? Any book or resource to that specific language? Thanks a lot for your answers.

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  • Python: Trouble with YACC

    - by Rosarch
    I'm parsing sentences like: "CS 2310 or equivalent experience" The desired output: [[("CS", 2310)], ["equivalent experience"]] YACC tokenizer symbols: tokens = [ 'DEPT_CODE', 'COURSE_NUMBER', 'OR_CONJ', 'MISC_TEXT', ] t_DEPT_CODE = r'[A-Z]{2,}' t_COURSE_NUMBER = r'[0-9]{4}' t_OR_CONJ = r'or' t_ignore = ' \t' terms = {'DEPT_CODE': t_DEPT_CODE, 'COURSE_NUMBER': t_COURSE_NUMBER, 'OR_CONJ': t_OR_CONJ} for name, regex in terms.items(): terms[name] = "^%s$" % regex def t_MISC_TEXT(t): r'\S+' for name, regex in terms.items(): # print "trying to match %s with regex %s" % (t.value, regex) if re.match(regex, t.value): t.type = name return t return t (MISC_TEXT is meant to match anything not caught by the other terms.) Some relevant rules from the parser: precedence = ( ('left', 'MISC_TEXT'), ) def p_statement_course_data(p): 'statement : course_data' p[0] = p[1] def p_course_data(p): 'course_data : course' p[0] = p[1] def p_course(p): 'course : DEPT_CODE COURSE_NUMBER' p[0] = make_course(p[1], int(p[2])) def p_or_phrase(p): 'or_phrase : statement OR_CONJ statement' p[0] = [[p[1]], [p[3]]] def p_misc_text(p): '''text_aggregate : MISC_TEXT MISC_TEXT | MISC_TEXT text_aggregate | text_aggregate MISC_TEXT ''' p[0] = "%s %s" % (p[0], [1]) def p_text_aggregate_statement(p): 'statement : text_aggregate' p[0] = p[1] Unfortunately, this fails: # works as it should >>> token_list("CS 2110 or equivalent experience") [LexToken(DEPT_CODE,'CS',1,0), LexToken(COURSE_NUMBER,'2110',1,3), LexToken(OR_CONJ,'or',1,8), LexToken(MISC_TEXT,'equivalent',1,11), LexToken(MISC_TEXT,'experience',1,22)] # fails. bummer. >>> parser.parse("CS 2110 or equivalent experience") Syntax error in input: LexToken(MISC_TEXT,'equivalent',1,11) What am I doing wrong? I don't fully understand how to set precedence rules. Also, this is my error function: def p_error(p): print "Syntax error in input: %s" % p Is there a way to see which rule the parser was trying when it failed? Or some other way to make the parser print which rules its trying?

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  • Page does update with details from the database after i hit a button

    - by swathi
    I have a code and the way it should work is,when they click on NEW CUSTOMER,it takes them to test1.php where in they enter the details and they hit submit.it saves all the details in properly in the database and when i go back and hit REFRESH ,it should come up with the customer details which they had entered in previously. But what happens is, when i click on the REFRESH,it refreshes the same old page which is empty.I wanted to find out where am i missing the logic.Thanks in advance. The sample code would be <tr> <td class="tdvisitbig" colspan="5">THIS IS A TEST</td> </tr> <tr> <td class='tdvisitbig' colspan="5"><input type="button" onClick="openVisit('test1.php?id=<?=$key?>&name=<?=$name?>');return false;" value="NEW CUSTOMER" class="submit">&nbsp;<input type="button" value="REFRESH" name="add_xyz" class="submit" onClick="document.add.target='_self';document.add.action='test3.php?redirect=visit&section=test page';document.add.submit();"></td> </tr> <? $q = "SELECT address,customernum,status FROM customer WHERE name='$name' ORDER BY customernum"; $r = mysql_query( $q , $Link ); while( $rw = mysql_fetch_assoc( $r ) ) { extract( $rw ); ?> <tr> <? } ?>

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  • Java to JavaScript (Encryptation related)

    - by balexandre
    Hi guys, I'm having dificulties to get the same string in Javascript and I'm thinking that I'm doing something wrong... Java code: import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.util.Date; import java.util.GregorianCalendar; import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder; private static String getBase64Code(String input) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException { String base64 = ""; byte[] txt = input.getBytes("UTF8"); byte[] text = new byte[txt.length+3]; text[0] = (byte)239; text[1] = (byte)187; text[2] = (byte)191; for(int i=0; i<txt.length; i++) text[i+3] = txt[i]; MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5"); md.update(text); byte digest[] = md.digest(); BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder(); base64 = encoder.encode(digest); return base64; } I'm trying this using Paj's MD5 script as well Farhadi Base 64 Encode script but my tests fail completly :( my code: function CalculateCredentialsSecret(type, user, pwd) { var days = days_between(new Date(), new Date(2000, 1, 1)); var str = type.toUpperCase() + user.toUpperCase() + pwd.toUpperCase() + days; var md5 = any_md5('', str); var b64 = base64Encode(md5); return encodeURIComponent(b64); } Does anyone know how can I convert this Java method into a Javascript one? Thank you

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  • How would you find the height of objects given an image?

    - by Ram Bhat
    Heyguys.. This isn't exactly a programming question exactly. I just want to know what your approach would be to a common problem in Digital image processing. Lets say you have an image of a a few trees in say jpg format. How would you go about finding the heights of each of these trees. The photo is the only input you have. I want to know the approaches you have not code. So it doesnt matter if your answers are vague, or non DIP-ish.

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  • Textbox auto generate by php and html

    - by user2892997
    i have few field of data such as product , amount and barcode.The system just show 1 row of data insert form that contain the 3 field.when i completed insert the first row, then second row of textbox will auto generate, i can do it by microsoft access, can i do so for php ? <?php $i=0; ?> <form method="post" action=""> <input type="text" name="<?php echo $i; ?>" /> </form> <?php if(isset($_POST[$i])){ $i++; ?> <form method="post" action=""> <input type="text" name="<?php echo $i; ?>" /> </form> <?php }?> it work for the first and second textbox, but how can i continue to create more textbox accordingly?

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  • Ajax to read from form

    - by Edwin
    Hello, I'm writing a store system for my game, it worked quite well until I found out that it only takes the amount of first entered Item. function pbuy(buyitem) { var amountc = "amount-"+buyitem, var amount = $("#"+amountc+"").val(); $.ajax({ type: "POST", url: "store2.php", data: "buyitem="+ buyitem+"&amount="+amount, success: function(resp){ document.getElementById('ajaxDiv').innerHTML = resp; }, error: function(e){ alert('Error: ' + e); } }); } I'm trying to give it it the Id of the form like so: function pbuy(buyitem) { var amountc = "amount-"+buyitem, var amount = $("#"+amountc+"").val(); But nothing happens. The code the creation of the forms is: <tr> <td class='items' width='80%' align='center' valign='top'><?PHP echo $itemstore->itemname;?> </td> <td width="20%"> Price:<?PHP echo $itemstore->newprice;?> <form method="post"> <input type='text' id='amount-<?PHP echo $row;?>)' /> <input name="itembid" type="button" onclick="pbuy(<?PHP echo $row;?>)" value="Buy" /></form></td> </tr> If I hardcode the amount in the ajax function it all runs fine like it should.

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  • C code Error: free(): invalid next size (fast):

    - by user1436057
    I got an error from my code, but I'm not sure where to fix it. Here's the explanation of what my code does: I'm writing some code that will read an input file and store each line as an object (char type) in an array. The first line of the input file is a number. This number tells me how many lines that I should read and store in the array. Here's my code: int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ FILE *fp; char **path; int num, i; ... /*after reading the first line and store the number value in num*/ path = malloc(num *sizeof(char)); i=0; while (!feof(fp)) { char buffer[500]; int length = 0; for (ch = fgetc(fp); ch != EOF && ch != '\n'; ch = fgetc(fp)) { buffer[length++] = ch; } if(ch == '\n' && ch!= EOF){ buffer[length] = '\0'; path[i] = malloc(strlen(buffer)+1); strcpy(path[i], buffer); i++; } } ... free(path); } After running the code, I get this *** glibc detected *** free(): invalid next size (fast): I have searched around and know this is malloc/free error, but I don't exactly know to fix it. Any help would be great. Thanks!

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  • submit in html on sql query

    - by user1644661
    i need to run this sql query , which give me a list of Id and Dates i want to click each result and take with me the Id value to the next form i wrote this query above but i see in the debager that the hidden ID get his value but not pass to the next form i think i have a problem with the submit() . where should i put him ? thanks anat function ShowAllCarts($user_email) { $connB = new ProductDAO(); $connB->Connect(); $pro_query = "SELECT * FROM Cart WHERE `Email`='$user_email';"; $db_result = $connB->ExecSQL($pro_query); $html_result = '<div data-role="content"> <ul data-role="listview" data-theme="b"> '; $html_result .= '<form action="PreviouscartProduct.php" method="POST"/>'; while($row_array = $db_result->fetch_array(MYSQLI_ASSOC)) { $Id= $row_array['Id']; $Date= $row_array['Date']; //$html_result // $html_result .="<li><a href='PreviouscartProduct.php'>Cart number: $Id from Date: $Date><input type='hidden' name='Id' value'<?=$Id?>'</input></a></li>'"; $html_result .= '<a onclick="this.form.submit();" </a>; } $html_result .= ' </ul> </div>'; $html_result .= '</form>'; $connB->Disconnect(); return $html_result; } //display all carts $func_result = ShowAllCarts($Email);

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  • Image Upload with Mootools

    - by notme
    I am creating an ajax uploader with mootools. When I remove the ajax and simply upload the form I get $_FILES with the file data present. But when I use the ajax version, the $_FILES super global is empty. Every other part of the form is present. It acts as if it does not send the image at all but only in the ajax version. Any help is appreciated. Thanks! <form id="uploadphoto_pod" action="upload.php" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type='file' id='uploadphoto' name='uploadphoto'/> <input type="submit" class="submit" name="add_product" value="Upload" /> </form> <div id="response"><!-- Ajax Response --></div> <script type="text/javascript"> window.addEvent('domready', function(){ $('uploadphoto').addEvent('submit', function(e) { //Prevents the default submit event from loading a new page. e.stop(); //("this" refers to the $('uploadphoto') element). this.set('send', {onComplete: function(response) { $('response').set('html', response); }}); //Send the form. this.send(); }); }); </script>

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  • jQuery: change a css value if a option is selected

    - by Ivan Castellanos
    I'm trying to make an option dropdown menu and I got stuck when I try to show a textbox if the option 'other' is selected. there's what I have: <span id="con-country"><label for="country">Country: </label> <select name="country" required="required"> <option value="usa">United States</option> <option value="uk">United Kingdom</option> <option id="other" value="other">Other</option> </select> </span> <span id="con-specify"> <label for="specify">Specify: </label> <input type="text" name="specify" id="c-specify" required="required"></input> </span> CSS: #con-specify{ margin-left: 50px; display: none; } Simple huh?, the problem is that I don't know how to do the code in jQuery So, if the user select other in the menu, then the textbox should appear, how can I do that?

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  • jQuery: serializing array returns empty string

    - by John Smith
    I did not forget to add name attributes as is a common problem and yet my serialized form is returning an empty string. What am I doing wrong? HTML/javascript: <head> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script> <script> $( document ).ready( function() { $('#word_form').submit(function(e) { e.preventDefault(); console.log($(this).serialize()); //returns an empty string }); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="wrapper"> <form name="word_form" id="word_form" method="POST"> <input type="image" name="thumbsUp" id="thumb1" value="1" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Symbol_thumbs_up.svg" style="width:50px;height:50px;"> <input type="image" name="thumbsDown" id="thumb2" value="2" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Symbol_thumbs_down.svg" style="width:50px;height:50px;"> </form> </div> </body> Thanks!

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  • Can you write files in Chrome 8?

    - by greggory.hz
    I'm wondering if, with the new File API exposed in Chrome (I'm not concerned with cross-browser support at this time), it would be possible to write back to files opened via a file input. You can see an example of what I'm trying to accomplish here: http://www.grehz.com/ide. I know I can use server side scripts to dynamically create the files and allow the user to download them normally. I'm hoping that there's a way to accomplish this purely client side. I had read somewhere that you can write to files opened via a file input. I haven't been able to find any examples of this, though I have seen passing references to a FileWriter class. I would be completely not surprised if this wasn't possible though (it seems likely that there are security issues with this). Just looking for some guidance or resources. UPDATE: I was reading here: http://dev.w3.org/2009/dap/file-system/file-writer.html As I was playing around in Chrome, it looks like FileSaver and FileWriter are not implemented, but BlobBuilder is. I can call getBlob() on the BB object, is there any way I can then save that without FileSave or FileWriter?

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  • checkboxes and buttons enable

    - by anshka_3033 3033
    i have 2 checkboxes and 2 buttons below the check boxes. on opening the page ,checkbox1 should be enabled and other check box n buttons should be disabled.after clicking on 1st checkbox 2nd checkbox should be enabled and 1 st check box should be disabled and buttons remain disabled.after clicking on 2nd checkbox 2 buttons(approve,Deny) should be enabled and 2 checkboxes should be disabled.so please help me in doing this.i used below code for creating checkboxes and button. i need j script for this <tr> <form ACTION="jspCheckBox.jsp"> SC Information Received <input type="checkbox" value="SC Information received"> Validation Begun <input type="checkbox" value="Validate" > </form> </tr> <tr> <td valign="middle" align="left" style="padding-left:10px;" nowrap> <button type="button" class="btn" name="btnApprove" onclick="approve();">Approve</button> </td> <td> <button type="button" class="btn" name="btnDeny" onclick="deny();">Deny</button> </td> </tr>

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  • Doubt in switch case

    - by user302593
    Hi.. When i executes the following program it get the user input for account details and then print it correctly...But it cannot read the opt value(y/n)..it automatically calls again..i want to exit the program when i press n value... please help to solve this problem.. char opt; do { //Getting user input printf("\n Enter the Account Number:\n "); scanf("%d",&gAccNo_i); printf("\n Enter the Account Holder's Name:\n "); scanf("%s",gCustName_c); printf("\n Enter the Balance Amount:\n "); scanf("%f",&gBlncAmt_f); //Printing the inputted data. printf("\n Account Number : %d",gAccNo_i); printf("\n Customer Name : %s",gCustName_c); printf("\n Balance Amount : %f",gBlncAmt_f); printf("\n Do u want to wish to continue?(y/n)"); scanf("%c",&opt); }while(opt!='n');

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  • form.has_errors tag not working

    - by John
    Hello, Im using Django 1.2.3. I have login functionality in my site using django.contrib.auth.views.login. The user is able to login after entering correct username and password. But, form.has_errors is not working i.e. if the login credentials entered are incorrect i dont see the error message. My login.html in templates/registration is as follows : <html> <head> <title>Login</title> </head> <body> <h1>User Login</h1> {% if form.has_errors %} <p>Your username and password didn't match. Please try again.</p> {% endif %} <form method="post" action="."> {% csrf_token %} <p><label for="id_username">Username:</label> {{ form.username }}</p> <p><label for="id_password">Password:</label> {{ form.password }}</p> <input type="hidden" name="next" value="/" /> <input type="submit" value="login" /> </form> </body> </html> Any way to fix this problem? Please Help Thank You.

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  • how to create following Java applicatin? [on hold]

    - by Tushar Bichwe
    Write a JAVA program which performs the following listed operations: A. Create a package named MyEmpPackage which consists of following classes A class named Employee which stores information like the Emp number, first name, middle name, last name, address, designation and salary. The class should also contain appropriate get and set methods. 05 A class named AddEmployeeFrame which displays a frame consisting of appropriate controls to enter the details of a Employee and store these details in the Employee class object. The frame should also have three buttons with the caption as “Add Record” and “Delete Record” and “Exit”. 10 A class named MyCustomListener which should work as a user – defined event listener to handle required events as mentioned in following points. 05 B When the “Add Record” button is clicked, the dialog box should be appeared with asking the user “Do you really want to add record in the file”. If the user selects Yes than the record should be saved in the file. 10 When the “Exit” button is clicked, the frame should be closed. 10 [Note: Use the MyCustomListener class only to handle the appropriate events] C The “Delete Record” button should open a new frame which should take input of delete criteria using a radio button. The radio button should provide facility to delete on basis of first name, middle name or last name. 10 The new frame should also have a text box to input the delete criteria value. 10 The record should be deleted from the file and a message dialog should appear with the message that “Record is successfully Deleted”. 10 [Note: Use the MyCustomListener class only to handle the appropriate events] D Provide proper error messages and perform appropriate exceptions where ever required in all the classes 10

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  • Problem with jQuery array

    - by user236106
    <html> <head> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/jscript"> $('document').ready(function (){ var clickNo=0; $('div#pics>img').hide() $('div#pics>input').click(function(event){ $('div#pics>img')[0].show('slow'); }) }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="pics"> <input type="button" value="next" /> <--a bunch of img tags .I had to resort to this comment because the system won't let me include the img tag in the code--> </div> </body> </html> I can't understand why the line $('div#pics>img')[0].show('slow'); is not working.

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  • jquery find element next to another

    - by Thiganofx
    Hi I have the following html: <p> <input type="text" name="field2" /> <input type="hidden" name="fieldh2"/> <button type="button" class="sendInfo">Send</button> </p> What I want is that when user clicks the button, I need to send using ajax the contents of the field field. This is what i'm trying to do with no success. $(function() { $('button.sendInfo').live('click', function() { var id = $(this).parent().next('[type=text]').val(); alert(id); }); }); I plan to set what the user types in textbox to the hidden field, and the value received from the ajax call to normal textbox. But the problem is that i can´t even get the value of the textbox that is in the same line as the button the user clicks. Can anyone help me? Thanks a lot.

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  • JQuery validation using is() and multiple CSS classes

    - by Alex
    Hi Folks, Trying to debug something that basically .trim()'s, .val()'s and .length's a textarea input as HTML below (truncated): <form id="Kontaktanfrage" method="post" action="tests/testform/"> ... <textarea cols="50" rows="8" id="el_12" name="FORM[Kontaktanfrage][el_12]" title="Ihre Nachricht: *" class="textarea required"></textarea> ... </form> JavaScript: function validateField(formId, fieldId) { if (fieldId) { var element = "form#"+formId+" input#"+fieldId; var fieldValue = jQuery.trim(jQuery(element).val()); var fieldLength = fieldValue.length; var fieldError = ""; if ($(element).is('.textarea.required') && fieldLength == 0) { fieldError = "error message"; } } } The above if check is never true. Using JQuery: 1.4.1. Having seen other examples online, I can't see what the difference should be. Feel free to test it in FireBug at (http://www.initiat.de/tests/testform/). Any help appreciated, can't see what I'm doing wrong.

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  • why won't background change in firefox but it will in ie

    - by rod
    <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title></title> <link id="csslink" href="Handler.ashx" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <input id="Button1" type="button" value="Blue" /> <input id="Button2" type="button" value="Red" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript"> var pageDefault = { btn1: document.getElementById('Button1'), btn2: document.getElementById('Button2'), csslink: document.getElementById('csslink'), init: function() { this.btn1.onclick = function() { pageDefault.csslink.href = "Handler.ashx?id=1"; } this.btn2.onclick = function() { pageDefault.csslink.href = "Handler.ashx?id=2"; } } } pageDefault.init(); </script> </body> </html> Here's the ashx ProcessRequest public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain"; var id = context.Request.QueryString["id"]; if (id == "1") { context.Response.Write(@" body { background: Blue; } "); } else if (id == "2") { context.Response.Write(@" body { background: Red; } "); } else { } }

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  • Jquery .next() function not working

    - by Sundhar
    Guys i am trying to do something like this i have two href and a text box in the middle of those <- TEXT <+ So when i press the - and + the value in the txt must increase or decrease by one " value="<%=addProduct.getInteger("ATR_WebMinQuantity",1)/addProduct.getInteger(MCRConstants.DM_ATR_LEGACY_CASE_VENDOR_PACK_SIZE,1) %" name="ADD_CART_ITEM<quantity" class="text" maxlength="3" / --! and i am using a jquery to + and - the value in the text box. Whenever i press + its happening correctly but for - it takes the TEXT fields name instead of its value . Any solution for this to make it to take the value of the TEXT box Jquery used follows : $(".quantity .subtract").click(function () { var qtyInput = $(this).next('input'); var qty = parseInt(qtyInput.val()); if (qty 1) qtyInput.val(qty - 1); qtyInput.focus(); return false; }); $(".quantity .add").click(function () { var qtyInput = $(this).prev('input'); var qty = parseInt(qtyInput.val()); if (qty >= 0 && (qty + 1 <= 999)) qtyInput.val(qty + 1); qtyInput.focus(); return false; });

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  • Why does this while terminate before receiving a value? (java)

    - by David
    Here's the relevant code snippet. public static Territory[] assignTerri (Territory[] board, String[] colors) { for (int i = 0; i<board.length; i++) { // so a problem is that Territory.translate is void fix this. System.out.print ("What team controls ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; boolean a = false ; while (a = false) { String s = getIns () ; if ((checkColor (s, colors))) { board[i].team = (returnIndex (s, colors)) ; a =true ; } else System.out.println ("error try again") ; } System.out.print ("How many unites are on ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; int n = getInt () ; board[i].population = n ; } return board ; } As an additional piece of information, checkColor just checks to make sure that its first argument, a string, is a string in one of the indexes of its second argument, an array. It seems to me that when the while the method gets a string from the keyboard and then only if that string checks out is a true and the while allowed to terminate. The output I get though is this: What team controls Alaska ? How many unites are on Alaska ? (there is space at the end to type in an input) This would seem to suggest that the while terminates before an input is ever typed in since the first line of text is within the while while the second line of text comes after it outside of it. Why is this happening?

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  • Why does this while terminate before recieving a value? (java)

    - by David
    here's the relevant code snippet. public static Territory[] assignTerri (Territory[] board, String[] colors) { for (int i = 0; i<board.length; i++) { // so a problem is that Territory.translate is void fix this. System.out.print ("What team controls ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; boolean a = false ; while (a = false) { String s = getIns () ; if ((checkColor (s, colors))) { board[i].team = (returnIndex (s, colors)) ; a =true ; } else System.out.println ("error try again") ; } System.out.print ("How many unites are on ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; int n = getInt () ; board[i].population = n ; } return board ; } as an additional piece of information, checkColor just checks to make sure that its first argument, a string, is a string in one of the indexes of its second argument, an array. it seems to me that when the while the method gets a string from the keyboard and then only if that string checks out is a true and the while allowed to terminate. The output i get though is this: What team controls Alaska ? How many unites are on Alaska ? (there is space at the end to type in an input) This would seem to suggest that the while terminates before an input is ever typed in since the first line of text is within the while while the second line of text comes after it outside of it. why is this happening?

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  • GPGPU

    WhatGPU obviously stands for Graphics Processing Unit (the silicon powering the display you are using to read this blog post). The extra GP in front of that stands for General Purpose computing.So, altogether GPGPU refers to computing we can perform on GPU for purposes beyond just drawing on the screen. In effect, we can use a GPGPU a bit like we already use a CPU: to perform some calculation (that doesn’t have to have any visual element to it). The attraction is that a GPGPU can be orders of magnitude faster than a CPU.WhyWhen I was at the SuperComputing conference in Portland last November, GPGPUs were all the rage. A quick online search reveals many articles introducing the GPGPU topic. I'll just share 3 here: pcper (ignoring all pages except the first, it is a good consumer perspective), gizmodo (nice take using mostly layman terms) and vizworld (answering the question on "what's the big deal").The GPGPU programming paradigm (from a high level) is simple: in your CPU program you define functions (aka kernels) that take some input, can perform the costly operation and return the output. The kernels are the things that execute on the GPGPU leveraging its power (and hence execute faster than what they could on the CPU) while the host CPU program waits for the results or asynchronously performs other tasks.However, GPGPUs have different characteristics to CPUs which means they are suitable only for certain classes of problem (i.e. data parallel algorithms) and not for others (e.g. algorithms with branching or recursion or other complex flow control). You also pay a high cost for transferring the input data from the CPU to the GPU (and vice versa the results back to the CPU), so the computation itself has to be long enough to justify the overhead transfer costs. If your problem space fits the criteria then you probably want to check out this technology.HowSo where can you get a graphics card to start playing with all this? At the time of writing, the two main vendors ATI (owned by AMD) and NVIDIA are the obvious players in this industry. You can read about GPGPU on this AMD page and also on this NVIDIA page. NVIDIA's website also has a free chapter on the topic from the "GPU Gems" book: A Toolkit for Computation on GPUs.If you followed the links above, then you've already come across some of the choices of programming models that are available today. Essentially, AMD is offering their ATI Stream technology accessible via a language they call Brook+; NVIDIA offers their CUDA platform which is accessible from CUDA C. Choosing either of those locks you into the GPU vendor and hence your code cannot run on systems with cards from the other vendor (e.g. imagine if your CPU code would run on Intel chips but not AMD chips). Having said that, both vendors plan to support a new emerging standard called OpenCL, which theoretically means your kernels can execute on any GPU that supports it. To learn more about all of these there is a website: gpgpu.org. The caveat about that site is that (currently) it completely ignores the Microsoft approach, which I touch on next.On Windows, there is already a cross-GPU-vendor way of programming GPUs and that is the DirectX API. Specifically, on Windows Vista and Windows 7, the DirectX 11 API offers a dedicated subset of the API for GPGPU programming: DirectCompute. You use this API on the CPU side, to set up and execute the kernels that run on the GPU. The kernels are written in a language called HLSL (High Level Shader Language). You can use DirectCompute with HLSL to write a "compute shader", which is the term DirectX uses for what I've been referring to in this post as a "kernel". For a comprehensive collection of links about this (including tutorials, videos and samples) please see my blog post: DirectCompute.Note that there are many efforts to build even higher level languages on top of DirectX that aim to expose GPGPU programming to a wider audience by making it as easy as today's mainstream programming models. I'll mention here just two of those efforts: Accelerator from MSR and Brahma by Ananth. Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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