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• How do we override the choice field display of a reference property in appengine using Django?

  - by Sriram

  The default choice field display of a reference property in appengine returns the choices as the string representation of the entire object. What is the best method to override this behaviour? I tried to override str() in the referenced class. But it does not work.

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• Polynomial fitting with log log plot

  - by viral parekh

  I have a simple problem to fit a straight line on log-log scale. My code is, data=loadtxt(filename) xdata=data[:,0] ydata=data[:,1] polycoeffs = scipy.polyfit(xdata, ydata, 1) yfit = scipy.polyval(polycoeffs, xdata) pylab.plot(xdata, ydata, 'k.') pylab.plot(xdata, yfit, 'r-') Now I need to plot fit line on log scale so I just change x and y axis, ax.set_yscale('log') ax.set_xscale('log') then its not plotting correct fit line. So how can I change fit function (in log scale) so that it can plot fit line on log-log scale? Thanks -Viral

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• QAbstractTableModel as a model for one QTableView and few QListViews

  - by ??????

  community. Briefly. I wrote usual model over QAbstractTableModel and using it in usual way for QTableView. But I think I need to use some columns of this model for the few QListViews in QWizard to fill main table in the right way (for user). For example: use the column2 as the QListView's model on the page1 of the wizard; column3 for page2 for its QListView etc. Please, help me to understand just two things: Am I on the right way? If yes then how can I make it simply and explicitly?

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• Trying to set up nested while loops using a boolean switch

  - by thorn100

  First time posting. I'm trying to set up a while loop that will ask the user for the employee name, hours worked and hourly wage until the user enters 'DONE'. Eventually I'll modify the code to calculate the weekly pay and write it to a list, but one thing at a time. The problem is once the main while loop executes once, it just stops. Doesn't error out but just stops. I have to kill the program to get it to stop. I want it to ask the three questions again and again until the user is finished. Thoughts? Please note that this is just an exercise and not meant for any real world application. def getName(): """Asks for the employee's full name""" firstName=raw_input("\nWhat is your first name? ") lastName=raw_input("\nWhat is your last name? ") fullName=firstName.title() + " " + lastName.title() return fullName def getHours(): """Asks for the number of hours the employee worked""" hoursWorked=0 while int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: hoursWorked=raw_input("\nHow many hours did the employee work: ") if int(hoursWorked)<1 or int(hoursWorked) > 60: print "Please enter an integer between 1 and 60." else: return hoursWorked def getWage(): """Asks for the employee's hourly wage""" wage=0 while float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: wage=raw_input("\nWhat is the employee's hourly wage: ") if float(wage)<6.00 or float(wage)>20.00: print ("Please enter an hourly wage between $6.00 and $20.00") else: return wage ##sentry variables employeeName="" employeeHours=0 employeeWage=0 booleanDone=False #Enter employee info print "Please enter payroll information for an employee or enter 'DONE' to quit." while booleanDone==False: while employeeName=="": employeeName=getName() if employeeName.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print "The employee's name is", employeeName while employeeHours==0: employeeHours=getHours() if employeeHours.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName, "worked", employeeHours, "this week." while employeeWage==0: employeeWage=getWage() if employeeWage.lower()=="done": booleanDone=True break print employeeName + "'s hourly wage is $" + employeeWage

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• How to exit an if clause

  - by Roman Stolper

  What sorts of methods exist for prematurely exiting an if clause? There are times when I'm writing code and want to put a break statement inside of an if clause, only to remember that those can only be used for loops. Lets take the following code as an example: if some_condition: ... if condition_a: # do something # and then exit the outer if block ... if condition_b: # do something # and then exit the outer if block # more code here I can think of one way to do this: assuming the exit cases happen within nested if statements, wrap the remaining code in a big else block. Example: if some_condition: ... if condition_a: # do something # and then exit the outer if block else: ... if condition_b: # do something # and then exit the outer if block else: # more code here The problem with this is that more exit locations mean more nesting/indented code. Alternatively, I could write my code to have the if clauses be as small as possible and not require any exits. Does anyone know of a good/better way to exit an if clause? If there are any associated else-if and else clauses, I figure that exiting would skip over them.

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• How can this verbose, unpythonic routine be improved?

  - by fmark

  Is there a more pythonic way of doing this? I am trying to find the eight neighbours of an integer coordinate lying within an extent. I am interested in reducing its verbosity without sacrificing execution speed. def fringe8((px, py), (x1, y1, x2, xy)): f = [(px - 1, py - 1), (px - 1, py), (px - 1, py + 1), (px, py - 1), (px, py + 1), (px + 1, py - 1), (px + 1, py), (px + 1, py + 1)] f_inrange = [] for fx, fy in f: if fx < x1: continue if fx >= x2: continue if fy < y1: continue if fy >= y2: continue f_inrange.append((fx, fy)) return f_inrange

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• Correct way to detect sequence parameter?

  - by noamtm

  I want to write a function that accepts a parameter which can be either a sequence or a single value. The type of value is str, int, etc., but I don't want it to be restricted to a hardcoded list. In other words, I want to know if the parameter X is a sequence or something I have to convert to a sequence to avoid special-casing later. I could do type(X) in (list, tuple) but there may be other sequence types I'm not aware of, and no common base class. -N. Edit: See my "answer" below for why most of these answers don't help me. Maybe you have something better to suggest.

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• A web framework where AJAX was not an after thought

  - by Pirate for Profit

  AJAX is a pain in the ass because it essentially means you'll have to write two sets of similarish code: one for browsers with JavaScript enabled and those without. Not only this, but you have to connect JavaScript events to hook into your models and display the results. And if all that weren't bad enough, you need to send an address change with the request, otherwise the user won't be able to "click back" correctly (if confused look at what happens to the address bar when you click links in GMail). We're searching for something that had the foresight and design goals with all these concerns in mind. Performance and security are also obvious major concerns. We love config-based systems as well, where you don't have to write a lot of code you just drop it into an easily read config format. It's like asking for the holy grail right?

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• scoping problem in recursive closure

  - by wiso

  why this work: def function1(): a = 10 def function2(): print a function2() but this not: def function1(): a = 10 def function2(): print a a -= 1 if a>0: function2() function2() error: UnboundLocalError: local variable 'a' referenced before assignment

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• Scraping a page from a secure URL which is possibly using a session ID

  - by VN44CA

  How to scrape a page like this. https://www.procom.ca/JobList.aspx?keywords=&Cities=&reference=&JobType=0 It is secure, and requires a referrer? I can't get anything using wget or httplib2. If you go through this page, you get a list and it works on a browser but not the command line. https://www.procom.ca/jobsearch.aspx I am interested in command line fetching. thx

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• Tokenize a command string

  - by pocoa

  I have string like this: command "http://www.mysite.com" some_param="string param" some_param2=50 I want to tokenize this string into: command "http://www.mysite.com" some_param="string param" some_param2=50 I know it's possible to split with spaces but these parameters can also be seperated by commas, like: command "http://www.mysite.com", some_param="string param", some_param2=50 I tried to do it like this: \w+\=?\"?.+\"? but it didn't work.

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• how can I convert a dictionary to a string of keyword arguments?

  - by shahjapan

  we can convert the dictionary to kw using **kw but if I want kw as str(kw) not str(dict), as I want a string with keyword arguments for code_generator, if I pass obj.method(name='name', test='test', relation = [('id','=',1)]) I want a function to return the string like "name='name', test='test', relation = [('id','=',1)]"

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• Django - The included urlconf doesn't have any patterns in it

  - by unsorted

  My website, which was working before, suddenly started breaking with the error "ImproperlyConfigured at / The included urlconf resume.urls doesn't have any patterns in it" The project base is called resume. In settings.py I have set ROOT_URLCONF = 'resume.urls' Here's my resume.urls, which sits in the project root directory. from django.conf.urls.defaults import * # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin: from django.contrib import admin admin.autodiscover() urlpatterns = patterns('', # Example: # (r'^resume/', include('resume.foo.urls')), # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add 'django.contrib.admindocs' # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation: (r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')), # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin: (r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), (r'^accounts/login/$', 'django.contrib.auth.views.login'), #(r'^employer/', include(students.urls)), (r'^ajax/', include('urls.ajax')), (r'^student/', include('students.urls')), (r'^club/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.club_detail'), (r'^company/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.company_detail'), (r'^program/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.program_detail'), (r'^course/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.course_detail'), (r'^career/(?P<object_id>\d+)/$', 'resume.students.views.career_detail'), (r'^site_media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': 'C:/code/django/resume/media'}), ) I have a folder called urls and a file ajax.py inside. (I also created a blank init.py in the same folder so that urls would be recognized.) This is ajax.py. from django.conf.urls.defaults import * urlpatterns = patterns('', (r'^star/(?P<object_id>\d+)$', 'resume.students.ajax-calls.star'), ) Anyone know what's wrong? This is driving me crazy. Thanks,

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• Django: Save data from form in DB

  - by Anry

  I have a model: class Cost(models.Model): project = models.ForeignKey(Project) cost = models.FloatField() date = models.DateField() For the model I created a class form: class CostForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = Cost fields = ['date', 'cost'] view.py: def cost(request, offset): if request.method == 'POST': #HOW save data in DB? return HttpResponseRedirect('/') else: form = CostForm() In the template file determined: <form action="/cost/{{ project }}/" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8"> <label for="date">Date:</label><input type="text" name="date" value={{ current_date }} id="date" /> <label for="cost">Cost:</label><input type="text" name="cost" value="0" id="cost" /> <p><input type="submit" value="Add"></p> </form> How save data from form in DB? P.S. offset = project name Model: class Project(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=150) url = models.URLField() manager = models.ForeignKey(User) timestamp = models.DateTimeField() I tried to write: def cost(request, offset): if request.method == 'POST': form = CostForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): instance = form.save(commit=False) instance.project = Project.objects.filter(title=offset) instance.date = request.date instance.cost = request.cost instance.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/') else: form = CostForm() But it does not work :(

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• How to add a separator in a PyGTK combobox?

  - by mkotechno

  I'm using gtk.combo_box_new_text() to make combobox list, this uses a gtk.ListStore to store only strings, so there are some way to add a separator between items without use a complex gtk.TreeModel? If this is not possible, what is the simplest way to use a gtk.TreeModel to able secuential widget addition?

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• How do you efficiently bulk index lookups?

  - by Liron Shapira

  I have these entity kinds: Molecule Atom MoleculeAtom Given a list(molecule_ids) whose lengths is in the hundreds, I need to get a dict of the form {molecule_id: list(atom_ids)}. Likewise, given a list(atom_ids) whose length is in the hunreds, I need to get a dict of the form {atom_id: list(molecule_ids)}. Both of these bulk lookups need to happen really fast. Right now I'm doing something like: atom_ids_by_molecule_id = {} for molecule_id in molecule_ids: moleculeatoms = MoleculeAtom.all().filter('molecule =', db.Key.from_path('molecule', molecule_id)).fetch(1000) atom_ids_by_molecule_id[molecule_id] = [ MoleculeAtom.atom.get_value_for_datastore(ma).id() for ma in moleculeatoms ] Like I said, len(molecule_ids) is in the hundreds. I need to do this kind of bulk index lookup on almost every single request, and I need it to be FAST, and right now it's too slow. Ideas: Will using a Molecule.atoms ListProperty do what I need? Consider that I am storing additional data on the MoleculeAtom node, and remember it's equally important for me to do the lookup in the molecule-atom and atom-molecule directions. Caching? I tried memcaching lists of atom IDs keyed by molecule ID, but I have tons of atoms and molecules, and the cache can't fit it. How about denormalizing the data by creating a new entity kind whose key name is a molecule ID and whose value is a list of atom IDs? The idea is, calling db.get on 500 keys is probably faster than looping through 500 fetches with filters, right?

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• pylab.savefig() and pylab.show() image difference

  - by Jack1990

  I'm making an script to automatically create plots from .xvg files, but there's a problem when I'm trying to use pylab's savefig() method. Using pylab.show() and saving from there, everything's fine. Using pylab.show() Using pylab.savefig() def producePlot(timestep, energy_values,type_line = 'r', jump = 1,finish = 100): fc = sp.interp1d(timestep[::jump], energy_values[::jump],kind='cubic') xnew = numpy.linspace(0, finish, finish*2) pylab.plot(xnew, fc(xnew),type_line) pylab.xlabel('Time in ps ') pylab.ylabel('kJ/mol') pylab.xlim(xmin=0, xmax=finish) def produceSimplePlot(timestep, energy_values,type_line = 'r', jump = 1,finish = 100): pylab.plot(timestep, energy_values,type_line) pylab.xlabel('Time in ps ') pylab.ylabel('kJ/mol') pylab.xlim(xmin=0, xmax=finish) def linearRegression(timestep, energy_values, type_line = 'g'): #, jump = 1,finish = 100): from scipy import stats import numpy #print 'fuck' timestep = numpy.asarray(timestep) slope, intercept, r_value, p_value, std_err = stats.linregress(timestep,energy_values) line = slope*timestep+intercept pylab.plot(timestep, line, type_line) def plottingTime(Title,file_name, timestep, energy_values ,loc, jump , finish): pylab.title(Title) producePlot(timestep,energy_values, 'b',jump, finish) linearRegression(timestep,energy_values) import numpy Average = numpy.average(energy_values) #print Average pylab.legend(("Average = %.2f" %(Average),'Linear Reg'),loc) #pylab.show() pylab.savefig('%s.jpg' %file_name[:-4], bbox_inches= None, pad_inches=0) #if __name__ == '__main__': #plottingTime(Title,timestep1, energy_values, jump =10, finish = 4800) def specialCase(Title,file_name, timestep, energy_values,loc, jump, finish): #print 'Working here ...?' pylab.title(Title) producePlot(timestep,energy_values, 'b',jump, finish) import numpy from pylab import * Average = numpy.average(energy_values) #print Average pylab.legend(("Average = %.2g" %(Average), Title),loc) locs,labels = yticks() yticks(locs, map(lambda x: "%.3g" % x, locs)) #pylab.show() pylab.savefig('%s.jpg' %file_name[:-4] , bbox_inches= None, pad_inches=0) Thanks in advance, John

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• Silence output from SimpleXMLRPCServer

  - by Corey Goldberg

  I am running an xml-rpc server using SimpleXMLRPCServer from the stdlib. My code looks something like this: import SimpleXMLRPCServer import socket class RemoteStarter: def start(self): return 'foo' rs = RemoteStarter() host = socket.gethostbyaddr(socket.gethostname())[0] port = 9000 server = SimpleXMLRPCServer.SimpleXMLRPCServer((host, port)) server.register_instance(rs) server.serve_forever() every time the 'start' method gets called remotely, the server prints an access line like this: <server_name> - - [10/Mar/2010 13:06:20] "POST /RPC2 HTTP/1.0" 200 - I can't figure out a way to silence the output so it doesn't print these access lines to stdout. anyone?

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• Convert a sequence of sequences to a dictionary and vice-versa

  - by louis

  One way to manually persist a dictionary to a database is to flatten it into a sequence of sequences and pass the sequence as an argument to cursor.executemany(). The opposite is also useful, i.e. reading rows from a database and turning them into dictionaries for later use. What's the best way to go from myseq to mydict and from mydict to myseq? >>> myseq = ((0,1,2,3), (4,5,6,7), (8,9,10,11)) >>> mydict = {0: (1, 2, 3), 8: (9, 10, 11), 4: (5, 6, 7)}

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• I'm making a simulated tv

  - by Jam

  I need to make a tv that shows the user the channel and the volume, and shows whether or not the television is on. I have the majority of the code made, but for some reason the channels won't switch. I'm fairly unfamiliar with how properties work, and I think that's what my problem here is. Help please. class Television(object): def __init__(self, __channel=1, volume=1, is_on=0): self.__channel=__channel self.volume=volume self.is_on=is_on def __str__(self): if self.is_on==1: print "The tv is on" print self.__channel print self.volume else: print "The television is off." def toggle_power(self): if self.is_on==1: self.is_on=0 return self.is_on if self.is_on==0: self.is_on=1 return self.is_on def get_channel(self): return channel def set_channel(self, choice): if self.is_on==1: if choice>=0 and choice<=499: channel=self.__channel else: print "Invalid channel!" else: print "The television isn't on!" channel=property(get_channel, set_channel) def raise_volume(self, up=1): if self.is_on==1: self.volume+=up if self.volume>=10: self.volume=10 print "Max volume!" else: print "The television isn't on!" def lower_volume(self, down=1): if self.is_on==1: self.volume-=down if self.volume<=0: self.volume=0 print "Muted!" else: print "The television isn't on!" def main(): tv=Television() choice=None while choice!="0": print \ """ Television 0 - Exit 1 - Toggle Power 2 - Change Channel 3 - Raise Volume 4 - Lower Volume """ choice=raw_input("Choice: ") print if choice=="0": print "Good-bye." elif choice=="1": tv.toggle_power() tv.__str__() elif choice=="2": change=raw_input("What would you like to change the channel to?") tv.set_channel(change) tv.__str__() elif choice=="3": tv.raise_volume() tv.__str__() elif choice=="4": tv.lower_volume() tv.__str__() else: print "\nSorry, but", choice, "isn't a valid choice." main() raw_input("Press enter to exit.")

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• Pygame program that can get keyboard input with caps

  - by None

  I have a Pygame program that needs text input. The way it does this is to get keyboard input and when a key is pressed it renders that key so it is added to the screen. Essentially it acts like a text field. The problem is, when you hold shift it doesn't do anything. I relize this is because the program ignores shift input and instead writes the text if it's number is under 128. I have thought of setting a variable when shift is pressed then capitalizing if it was true, but string capitalization only woks on letters, not things like numbers or semicolons. Is there maybe a number I can add to the ascii number typed to modify it if shift is pressed, or something else?

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• how to count all distinct records in many-to-many relations in django ORM?

  - by marduk-pl

  hi, i have two models: class Project(models.Model): categories = models.ManyToManyField(Category) class Category(models.Model): name = models.CharField() now, i make some queryset: query = Project.objects.filter(id__in=[1,2,3,4]) and i like to get list of all distinct categories in this queryset with count of projects with refering to these categories - exactly i would like to get that results: category1 - 10 projects category2 - 5 projects that is opposite to this query: query2 = query.annotate(Count('categories')) what return me: project1 - 2categories project2 - 7categories how can i make it in django ORM?

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• Sort by an object's type

  - by Richard Levasseur

  Hi all, I have code that statically registers (type, handler_function) pairs at module load time, resulting in a dict like this: HANDLERS = { str: HandleStr, int: HandleInt, ParentClass: HandleCustomParent, ChildClass: HandleCustomChild } def HandleObject(obj): for data_type in sorted(HANDLERS.keys(), ???): if isinstance(obj, data_type): HANDLERS[data_type](obj) Where ChildClass inherits from ParentClass. The problem is that, since its a dict, the order isn't defined - but how do I introspect type objects to figure out a sort key? The resulting order should be child classes follow by super classes (most specific types first). E.g. str comes before basestring, and ChildClass comes before ParentClass. If types are unrelated, it doesn't matter where they go relative to each other.

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• wx paste image into panel

  - by Moayyad Yaghi

  hello i need to find a way to copy an image from a software .. ( microsoft paint for example ) and paste it into my own pain tool that i made using wxpython .. how do i read the image that has been loaded into memory ? so i can paste it hope idea is clear enough thanks in advance

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• Remove padding in wxPython's wxWizard

  - by mridang

  Hi Guys, I'm using wxPython to create a wizard using the wxWizard control. I'm trying to a draw a colored rectangle but when I run the app, there seems to be a about a 10px padding on each side of the rectangle. This goes for all other controls too. I have to offset them a bit so that they appear exactly where I want them to. Is there any way I could remove this padding? Here's the source of my base Wizard page. class SimplePage(wx.wizard.PyWizardPage): """ Simple wizard page with unlimited rows of text. """ def __init__(self, parent, title): wx.wizard.PyWizardPage.__init__(self, parent) self.next = self.prev = None #self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) title = wx.StaticText(self, -1, title) title.SetFont(wx.Font(18, wx.SWISS, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD)) #self.sizer.AddWindow(title, 0, wx.ALIGN_LEFT|wx.ALL, padding) #self.sizer.AddWindow(wx.StaticLine(self, -1), 0, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, padding) # self.SetSizer(self.sizer) self.Bind(wx.EVT_PAINT, self.OnPaint) def OnPaint(self, evt): """set up the device context (DC) for painting""" self.dc = wx.PaintDC(self) self.dc.BeginDrawing() self.dc.SetPen(wx.Pen("grey",style=wx.TRANSPARENT)) self.dc.SetBrush(wx.Brush("grey", wx.SOLID)) # set x, y, w, h for rectangle self.dc.DrawRectangle(0,0,500, 500) self.dc.EndDrawing() del self.dc def SetNext(self, next): self.next = next def SetPrev(self, prev): self.prev = prev def GetNext(self): return self.next def GetPrev(self): return self.prev def Activated(self, evt): """ Executed when page is being activated. """ return def Blocked(self, evt): """ Executed when page is about to be switched. Switching can be blocked by returning True. """ return False def Cancel(self, evt): """ Executed when wizard is about to be canceled. Canceling can be blocked by returning False. """ return True Thanks guys.

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