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  • Server Security

    - by mahatmanich
    I want to run my own root server (directly accessible from the web without a hardware firewall) with debian lenny, apache2, php5, mysql, postfix MTA, sftp (based on ssh) and maybe dns server. What measures/software would you recomend, and why, to secure this server down and minimalize the attack vector? Webapplications aside ... This is what I have so far: iptables (for gen. packet filtering) fail2ban (brute force attack defense) ssh (chang default, port disable root access) modsecurity - is really clumsy and a pain (any alternative here?) ?Sudo why should I use it? what is the advantage to normal user handling thinking about greensql for mysql www.greensql.net is tripwire worth looking at? snort? What am I missing? What is hot and what is not? Best practices? I like "KISS" - Keep it simple secure, I know it would be nice! Thanks in advance ...

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  • About the security of adding a signature to a PDF file

    - by ????
    We can add a "bitmap" or image signature to a PDF file, either by using Adobe Acrobat or by Mac's Preview app, but I wonder, besides always encrypting it with a password before sending it by email to the other party, how valid and secure is it? The reason is, if the signature is a bitmap, then there is nothing that prevents anybody copying and pasting that image to other documents, or even, if a cheque is written to anybody at all (such as to the landlord), then there is nothing that prevents the signature from being scanned and copied and pasted to any other PDF documents as well.

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  • Top ten security tips for non-technical users

    - by Justin
    I'm giving a presentation later this week to the staff at the company where I work. The goal of the presentation is to serve as a refresher/remidner of good practices that can help keep our network secure. The audience is made up of both programmers and non-technical staff, so the presentation is geared for non-technical users. I want part of this presentation to be a top list of "tips". The list needs to be short (to encourage memory) and be specific and relevant to the user. I have the following five items so far: Never open an attachment you didn't expect Only download software from a trusted source, like download.com Do not distribute passwords when requested via phone or email Be wary of social engineering Do not store sensitive data on an FTP server Some clarifications: This is for our work network These need to be "best practices" tips for the end-user, not IT policy We have backups, OS patches, firewall, AV, etc, all centrally managed This is for a small business (less than 25 people) I have two questions: Do you suggest any additional items? Do you suggest any changes to existing items?

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  • Mac Security - Which one?

    - by Bob Rivers
    Hi, Recently I had my credit card cloned. A few hours after shopping at an online store (in which I trust and buy since 2006) I received a call from my bank asking if I recognize a $5,000 debt to a store(?!) called Church of Christ... I'm a Mac user (OS X 10.6.3). I always kept my system updated and I have firewall enabled (in my Mac and in my broadband router), but I decided to adopt some kind of protection. I don't want to rise passionate discussions. Real or not, snake oil or not, I need to have back my peace of mind... I read this and this posts. I selected two software that I think that could help me (both have more features other than just an antivirus). Does someone have feedback about Intego's VirusBarrier X6 or Trendmicro's Smart Surfing? Intego solutions seems to be better, but TrendMicro brand/name is stronger in corporate environment, so their solution should be good. Both solutions have 30 day free trial, but I would like to hear something from you. Any other solution that I should look? TIA, Bob

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  • Why does "commit" appear in the mysql slow query log?

    - by Tom
    In our MySQL slow query logs I often see lines that just say "COMMIT". What causes a commit to take time? Another way to ask this question is: "How can I reproduce getting a slow commit; statement with some test queries?" From my investigation so far I have found that if there is a slow query within a transaction, then it is the slow query that gets output into the slow log, not the commit itself. Testing In mysql command line client: mysql begin; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql UPDATE members SET myfield=benchmark(9999999, md5('This is to slow down the update')) WHERE id = 21560; Query OK, 0 rows affected (2.32 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 At this point (before the commit) the UPDATE is already in the slow log. mysql commit; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) The commit happens fast, it never appeared in the slow log. I also tried a UPDATE which changes a large amount of data but again it was the UPDATE that was slow not the COMMIT. However, I can reproduce a slow ROLLBACK that takes 46s and gets output to the slow log: mysql begin; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql UPDATE members SET myfield=CONCAT(myfield,'TEST'); Query OK, 481446 rows affected (53.31 sec) Rows matched: 481446 Changed: 481446 Warnings: 0 mysql rollback; Query OK, 0 rows affected (46.09 sec) I understand why rollback has a lot of work to do and therefore takes some time. But I'm still struggling to understand the COMMIT situation - i.e. why it might take a while.

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  • Router/Security question: Am I hacked?

    - by IVR Avenger
    Hi, all. I've noticed that my home broadband speed seems to be a bit slow in recent days. I noticed, last night, that my Wireless Router had given a DHCP lease to a public IP address with an odd formation; something like 111.10.11.110. Should I consider these warning sings of my ZyXEL router being compromised in some way? Thanks, IVR Avenger

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  • ssh port forwarding / security risk

    - by jcooper
    Hi there, I want to access a web application running on a web server behind my office firewall from an external machine. We have a bastion host running sshd that is accessible from the Internet. I want to know if this solution is a bad idea: Create an account on the bastion host with shell=/bin/false and no password ('testuser') Create a ssh RSA key on the external machine Add the public RSA key to the testuser's authorized_keys file ssh to the bastion host from the external host using: ssh -N 8888:targethost:80 run my tests from the external host shut down the ssh tunnel I understand that if my RSA private key were compromised then someone could ssh to the bastion host. But are there other reasons this solution is a bad idea? thank you!

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  • General Website Security

    - by Tom
    I pay monthly for a website hosting service that provides me with PHP and FTP support. I can upload my files and create directories and such. Now, I am wondering... If I upload a folder full of images.. or music.. basically personal stuff to my website and name it 'junk1234' can other people find it? Or even search engines? If so, How would I restrict any but those who know the folder name from seeing files in it? Possibly httaccess files? I also have cpanel installed.

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  • What is the harm in giving developers read access to application server application event logs?

    - by Jim Anderson
    I am a developer working on an ASP.NET application. The application writes logging messages to the Windows event log - a custom application log just for this application. However, I do not have any access to testing or staging web/application servers. I thought an admin could just give me read access to this event log to help in debugging problems (currently a service that is working in dev is not working in test environment and I have no idea why) but that is against my client's (I'm a consultant) policy. I feel silly to keep asking an admin to look at the event log for me. What is the harm in giving developers read access to application server application event logs? Is there a different method of application logging that sysadmins prefer programmers use? Surely, admins don't want to be fetching logging messages for developers all the time.

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  • Database/Web Server and SQL Server Setup - Security?

    - by Jess
    This seems really basic, but I couldn't find an answer already ... we are looking to deploy a website to an IIS server, and a database to a separate server. We aren't sure how to best secure this for access by internal users and internet. The IIS Server is not connected to the domain, and neither is the database at the moment. Should it be? Also, if we use SQL Server authentication instead of Windows Authentication, should we just hard-code the user/password into our internal apps?

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  • What tangible security are gained by blocking all but a few outgoing ports in a firewall

    - by Frankie Dintino
    Our current hardware firewall allows for blocking incoming and outgoing ports. We have two possibilities: Block certain troublesome ports (unsecured smtp, bittorrent, etc.) Block all but a few approved ports (http, https, ssh, imap-ssl, etc.) I see several downsides with option 2. Occasionally web servers are hosted on non-standard ports and we would have to deal with the resulting issues. Also, there is nothing preventing a malicious or unwanted service from being hosted on port 80, for instance. What are are the upsides?

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  • Does disabling root login enhance security?

    - by PJ
    I have recently found an argument against disabling a root user login in Linux at http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/openbsd/2005-03/2878.html I assume that, if everybody uses a public key authentication, there's no risk at losing the root password. Is it always better to disable the root login via ssh?

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  • Exploratory Question for Security Admins (/etc/passwd + PHP)

    - by JPerkSter
    Hi everyone, I've been seeing a few issues lately on a few of my servers where an account gets hacked via outdated scripts, and the hacker uploads a cPanel / FTP Brute forcing PHP script inside the account. The PHP File reads /etc/passwd to get the usernames, and than uses a passwd.txt file to try and brute force it's way in to 127.0.0.1:2082. I'm trying to think of a way to block this. It doesn't POST anything except "GET /path/phpfile.php", so I can't use mod_security to block this. I've been thinking of maybe changing permissions on /etc/passwd to 600, however I'm unsure how this will result in regards to my users. I was also thinking of rate-limiting localhost connections to :2082, however I'm worried about mod_proxy being affected. Any suggestions?

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  • How can i find the trigger of an acpi event ?

    - by n00ki3
    My Server shutsdown . Evertime at midnight. The acpi Event power_button is triggered. at /etc/acpi/events/power_button power_button: # care about the power button event=button/power.* action=/usr/lib/acpid/power_button How can i find out the "Caller" or the Trigger of this event ?

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  • Webserver security, intrusion detection, and file intregrity

    - by enfield
    I would like to add some type of tracking / alerting on some linux webservers running PHP and Apache. In doing searches I have come across a lot of info from 2006-2009. Would like to revisit things and see what others are doing now. The main purpose here is to track when any files are changed and if so alert me somehow. The same goes for IDS and hopefully something that can reside on same server? Since some of these are small scale projects I would prefer opensource/free solutions that are really effective. Although I would still like to hear of other alternatives if someone has the experience and the cost can be justified.

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  • Security issue on Linux with Netbeans

    - by WebDevHobo
    In order to edit some files in Netbeans, I had to do a chmod 777 on the parent-folder. Reason being that anything else would result in Netbeans not wanting to accept the folder, as it could not be written. Is there an other way to do this besides doing a chmod 777? I'm on Ubuntu 9.10, using Netbeans 6.7.1 And after that, I manually have to give each file the needed rights. There should be an easier way, I just don't know it. EDIT: I am running XAMPP and the files I'm trying to edit are in the htdocs folder. I'm running Netbeans as my local user account, which is how it starts if I have it run from the applications-menu.

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  • Security when, ssh Private keys are lost

    - by Shree Mandadi
    Cant explain my problem enough with words, Let me take an example.. and please multiple the complexity by a 100 for the Solution. User-A has two ssh private keys, and over time has used this public key on a number of servers He lost one of them, and has created a new pair. How does User-A, inform me (Sys Admin), that he has lost his key, and How do I manage all the servers to which he had access to (I do not have a list, of all Servers that User-A has access to). In other words, How do I recall, the public key associated with this Private key. REF: In the LDAP based Authentication, All Servers would communicate with a single Server repository for Authentication, and If I remove acess or modify the password on the Server, all Systems that use this LDAP for Authentication are secured, when User-A loses his password..

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  • Logging won't stop on log file after renaming/moving it.... how do I stop it?

    - by Jakobud
    Just discovered that logrotate is not rotating our firewall log. So its up to 12g in size. I need to split up the file into smaller chunks and start manually rotating them so I can get things back on track. However before I start splitting the firewall up, I need to stop the firewall from logging to the current firewall log file and force it to start logging to a new empty file. This way I'm not trying to split up or rotate a log file that is still constantly growing. I tried to simply do this: mv firewall firewall.old touch firewall I expected to see the new empty firewall file to start growing in size, but no... the firewall.old is still be logged to. Then I tried to start/stop iptables. No change. firewall.old is still the log file. I tried to move it to another directory. That didn't help. I tried to stop iptables, then change the filename and create a new firewall file and then start iptables again, but no change. How do I stop the logging on this file and force it to start logging on a new file?

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  • Top ten security tips for non-technical users

    - by Justin
    I'm giving a presentation later this week to the staff at the company where I work. The goal of the presentation is to serve as a refresher/remidner of good practices that can help keep our network secure. The audience is made up of both programmers and non-technical staff, so the presentation is geared for non-technical users. I want part of this presentation to be a top list of "tips". The list needs to be short (to encourage memory) and be specific and relevant to the user. I have the following five items so far: Never open an attachment you didn't expect Only download software from a trusted source, like download.com Do not distribute passwords when requested via phone or email Be wary of social engineering Do not store sensitive data on an FTP server I have two questions: Do you suggest any additional items? Do you suggest any changes to existing items?

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  • How to get started setting up IP security cameras

    - by dave
    I have just finished renovating my house. As part of the job, I have cat6 cable run through the house, including two external plugs. All cables terminate in the same location. My rough plan is to plug two IP cameras to monitor the front and rear, run POE from a central router to the two external cameras, plug my PC into the same router and run magic software X. Any machine plugged into the router or wirelessly connection should then be able to get a live feed and alerts based on motion detection. That's the plan, but I'm not sure how possible it is. What hardware to get and what monitoring software to get. Has anyone does something similar? What were your experiences?

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  • Security and encryption with OpenVPN

    - by Chris Tenet
    The UK government is trying to implement man-in-the-middle attack systems in order to capture header data in all packets. They are also equipping the "black boxes" they will use with technology to see encrypted data (see the Communications Data Bill). I use a VPN to increase my privacy. It uses OpenVPN, which in turn uses the OpenSSL libraries for encrypting data. Will the government be able to see all the data going through the VPN connection? Note: the VPN server is located in Sweden, if that makes a difference.

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  • Security: Unable to display current owner

    - by Jim McKeeth
    I have a user with local administrative rights on their Windows 7 64-bit box. They extracted a file from a zip file they downloaded with the Zip shell extension to their desktop on a non-encrypted or compressed NTFS volume. Unfortunately they cannot open it. I tried to take ownership of it and it just reports "Access is Denied" and for the current owner it reports "Unable to display current owner." At this point the file cannot be deleted, executed or modified. I have actually seen this exact same happen in Vista before, but I can't for the life of me remember how to fix it. Any ideas how it happened or how to fix it? I'd be happy just to delete it without a format at this point.

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  • tools to check password security

    - by tombull89
    Hello again. I'm after a tool to test how long a password could stand up to a hacking/cracking technique such as brute force as two passwords that are critical to a work system is one word that is in the dictionary, and another is a word in the dictionary with a capital letter and a number instead of a letter. I'd prefer it to be offline and free that you can run on a computer to see how long the password will hold out. Maybe even at the windows login prompt but I realise such programmes may be shady and erring on the side of illegal. Anybody have any suggestions?

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  • Security Restrictions Downloading From the Internet

    - by Cyper
    Hi, For some reason since we rolled out IE7 to the estate users are unable to download from the Internet, they get an error message "the operation could not be completed due to restrictions on the computer" I have checked the GPO and it allows downloads in the Default domain policy. I am I missing something in GPO or is this problem with IE7. Any help would be much appreciated. Cheers

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