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• Why are my socks proxies slow

  - by vps_newcomer

  I have a linux vps, and i have tried a few socks proxy setups to test their performance: All tests were using speedtest.net The standard ssh tunnel proxy 0.8mbit/s download and 0.1-0.2mbit/s upload speeds dante-server proxy 1.3mbit/s download and 0.4-0.5mbit/s upload I am wondering why are these speeds so slow? Is anything shaping them? Is it just the nature of socks proxies? I know that the ssh tunnel has to do encryption and what not so that is why its slow, but i was surprised to see that the second setup was also quite slow. On the VPS i have received download speeds of 25MB/s per second (thats about 200mbit/s and upload speed of atleast 5MB/s (haven't got a good enough pipe to test anything faster). The other option i was going to try is to setup OpenVPN and see how that goes, however i need to find a good tutorial as it's fairly complicated to setup. So why is it so slow? How can i test to see where the bottleneck is? How can i make it faster :D

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• Looking for an application to record audio and video on a linux "embedded" device

  - by Luke404

  I am working with a linux x86 device with limited CPU resources (as a prototype we just use a pentium-m netbook). We'd like to record video from one V4L2 device (we'll probably end up using just USB Video Class devices like all modern webcams) and one audio stream from an ALSA source. The thing will not have screen and keyboard, and obviously no X11 environment. Goals are: do as little work as possible to cope with little cpu resources - for example I'd like to record video in the native MJPEG I get out of the UVC devices encoding audio to MPEG3 Layer-2 (aka mp2) is ok since it let us save a lot of space (compared to raw pcm samples) and does use little cpu power I don't mind loosing some video frames here and there (UVC devices do that) as long as I can get audio and video streams syncronized not require user input to start the thing (a python script takes care of initialization, startup, shutdown, etc...) be able to open the resulting files for postprocessing without too much effort (ie, if mplayer or vlc can play it, it's fine) So far the only app I found that could be started from command line and record V4L2 video + ALSA audio is mencoder but I'm having some difficulties with it. It should be able to do that but I cannot record audio and video together - just one of the two. And if I use two different processes to record to two different files I have no means to get them in sync (audio is more or less always correct, but video framerate will vary over time and it seems to lack timestamps to correctly play it back to the correct time). Long story short, how do you record an unconverted MJPEG stream (from an UVC device) and an audio stream (from an ALSA device, possibly encoding to any standard format) using a command line tool, to a single file (MPEG or any other container), keeping audio and video in sync?

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• Representing server state with a metric

  - by Sal

  I'm using Microsoft's Performance Monitor to dump logs of RAM, CPU, network, and disk usage from multiple servers. I'd like to get a single metric that captures the state of a given variable to a good extent. For instance, disk usage is pretty stable, so if I take a single reading that says I have 50% remaining disk space, that reading will give me an accurate measure for the day. (The servers aren't doing heavy IO writing.) However, the tricky part here is monitoring CPU and network usage. The logs currently dump the % CPU usage every ten seconds. If I take a straight average of the numbers, it may not represent reality, as % CPU will be much lower during the night than day. (We host websites that sell appliance items.) I'd like to get an average over a span during peak hours (about 5 hours in the day) and present a daily peak hour metric. Of course, there are most likely some readings that will come in as overly spiked (if multiple users pinged the server at once) or no use (a momentary idle state). Is there a standard distribution/test industries use in these situation?

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• SQL 2008 Backups to UNC Share Failing 0xC002F210

  - by Matty Brown

  This problem is driving me NUTS!! We take backups of all of our production databases to a network share, which are then backed up to tape nightly. 8pm Mon-Fri - Full backup, followed by log backup 7am-7pm Mon-Fri, at half-hour interval - Log backup Our backups have been working in this manner since we migrated from SQL Server Standard 2000 to 2008, 3 years ago. Recently, the first log backup on Mondays have been failing. Not every time, but almost every time! The rest of the week, we've had no problems. I guess the issue may have something to do with the size of the log backup that's attempted after a weekend of no backups. Now onto the issue I need a fix for... All this week, every full backup on our biggest two databases have failed (Both backups < 1GB compressed). There's plenty of disk space on the source and destination servers. I'm guessing the issue is to do with the amount of time it takes to complete the backups of these databases, and/or the size of the backup files required to complete these backups. Changing the backup destination to local storage works fine (and very, very fast in comparison). From the Job History, I can find a few hints as to what the problem could be... Code: 0xC002F210 (Always this code, but a mix of the following descriptions...) "The operating system returned the error '64(failed to retrieve text for this error. Reason: 1815)' while attempting 'SetEndOfFile' on '\drserver\SQLBackups\Database.bak'. BACKUP DATABASE is terminating abnormally. "The operating system returned the error '64(failed to retrieve text for this error. Reason: 1815)' while attempting 'FlushFileBuffers' on '\drserver\SQLBackups\Database.bak'. BACKUP DATABASE is terminating abnormally. Please help save my hair and sanity!!

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• FreeBSD ZFS RAID-Z2 performance issues

  - by Axel Gneiting

  I'm trying to build my own network attached storage based on FreeBSD+ZFS+standard components, but there are strange performance issues. The hardware specs are: AMD Athlon II X2 240e processor ASUS M4A78LT-M LE mainboard 2GiB Kingston ECC DDR3 (two sticks) Intel Pro/1000 CT PCIe network adapter 5x Western Digital Caviar Green 1.5TB I created a RAID-Z2 zpool from all disks. I installed FreeBSD 8.1 on that zpool following the tutorial. The SATA controllers are running in AHCI mode. Output of zpool status: pool: zroot state: ONLINE scrub: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM zroot ONLINE 0 0 0 raidz2 ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/7ef815fc-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/80344432-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/81741ad9-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/824af5cb-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 gptid/82f98a65-eab6-11df-8ea4-001b2163266d ONLINE 0 0 0 The problem is that write performance on the pool is very very bad (<10 MB/s) and every application that is accessing the disk is unresponsive every few seconds when writing. It seems like writing is fine until the ZFS ark cache is full and then ZFS stalls the entire system I/O till it's finished writing that data. Also I'm getting kmem_malloc to small kernel panics. I've already tried to put vm.kmem_size="1500M" vm.kmem_size_max="1500M" into /boot/loader.conf, but it doesn't help. Does anyone know what's going on here? Am I really not having enough memory for ZFS to handle this RAID-Z2?

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• How to configure a shortcut for an SSH connection through a SSH tunnel

  - by Simone Carletti

  My company production servers (FOO, BAR...) are located behind two gateway servers (A, B). In order to connect to server FOO, I have to open a ssh connection with server A or B with my username JOHNDOE, then from A (or B) I can access any production server opening a SSH connection with a standard username (let's call it WEBBY). So, each time I have to do something like: ssh johndoe@a ... ssh webby@foo ... # now I can work on the server As you can imagine, this is a hassle when I need to use scp or if I need to quickly open multiple connections. I have configured a ssh key and also I'm using .ssh/config for some shortcuts. I was wondering if I can create some kind of ssh configuration in order to type ssh foo and let SSH open/forward all the connections for me. Is it possible? Edit womble's answer is exactly what I was looking for but it seems right now I can't use netcat because it's not installed on the gateway server. weppos:~ weppos$ ssh foo -vv OpenSSH_5.1p1, OpenSSL 0.9.7l 28 Sep 2006 debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/xyz/.ssh/config debug1: Applying options for foo debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Executing proxy command: exec ssh a nc -w 3 foo 22 debug1: permanently_drop_suid: 501 debug1: identity file /Users/xyz/.ssh/identity type -1 debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug1: identity file /Users/xyz/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug1: identity file /Users/xyz/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 bash: nc: command not found ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host

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• SSH X11 forwarding does not work. Why?

  - by Ole Tange

  This is a debugging question. When you ask for clarification please make sure it is not already covered below. I have 4 machines: Z, A, N, and M. To get to A you have to log into Z first. To get to M you have to log into N first. The following works: ssh -X Z xclock ssh -X Z ssh -X Z xclock ssh -X Z ssh -X A xclock ssh -X N xclock ssh -X N ssh -X N xclock But this does not: ssh -X N ssh -X M xclock Error: Can't open display: The $DISPLAY is clearly not set when logging in to M. The question is why? Z and A share same NFS-homedir. N and M share the same NFS-homedir. N's sshd runs on a non standard port. $ grep X11 <(ssh Z cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config) ForwardX11 yes # ForwardX11Trusted yes $ grep X11 <(ssh N cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config) ForwardX11 yes # ForwardX11Trusted yes N:/etc/ssh/ssh_config == Z:/etc/ssh/ssh_config and M:/etc/ssh/ssh_config == A:/etc/ssh/ssh_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config is the same for all 4 machines (apart from Port and login permissions for certain groups). If I forward M's ssh port to my local machine it still does not work: terminal1$ ssh -L 8888:M:22 N terminal2$ ssh -X -p 8888 localhost xclock Error: Can't open display: A:.Xauthority contains A, but M:.Xauthority does not contain M. xauth is installed in /usr/bin/xauth on both A and M. xauth is being run when logging in to A but not when logging in to M. ssh -vvv does not complain about X11 or xauth when logging in to A and M. Both say: debug2: x11_get_proto: /usr/bin/xauth list :0 2>/dev/null debug1: Requesting X11 forwarding with authentication spoofing. debug2: channel 0: request x11-req confirm 0 debug2: client_session2_setup: id 0 debug2: channel 0: request pty-req confirm 1 debug1: Sending environment. I have a feeling the problem may be related to M missing in M:.Xauthority (caused by xauth not being run) or that $DISPLAY is somehow being disabled by a login script, but I cannot figure out what is wrong.

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• How do I hook into Tar with BASH?

  - by orb

  Long Story Short I am working with Tar archives that contain PNG images in base64 encoding. I would like to use BASH (or whatever else works) to hook into the extraction function of Tar to decode PNG images from base64 encoding to standard PNG encoding after the files are unpacked. A simple cat $input-file | base64 -d >$output-file will successfully decode the images. Is there a way I can hook into tar -xf so that users do not have to do any (or minimal) extra work to decode the images? In the GNU Tar documentation (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_chapter/Backups.html#SEC97) I found that there are in fact variables reserved to hold the names of functions I desire to be hooked into various moments in Tar program execution. However, the documentation explains that these variables, along with other variables that can be set to configure Tar, are located in a file named backup-specs. Unfortunately, the path to this file is not given. Further, running sudo find / -name backup-specs tells me that this file is not present on my Ubuntu version 13.04 system. Background Information not included in the Long Story Short I have been working on a browser-based (WebGL) particle effect creation application (http://www.particleeffect.org), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect-editor), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect). I have began to write a client-side-only solution for saving and loading effect data as a tar archive. However, since client-side JavaScript has limited capability to process binary data, the images used as textures in the effect are saved with base64 encoding. I have been able to implement saving effect data as a Tar archive (haven't pushed that to Github yet). However, the images present in said Tar archive cannot be manipulated unless they are decoded from base64 encoding.

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• Optical Audio out stuck on on a MacBook

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Apple have made an interesting headphone port for the MacBook (and some other Intel Mac models). It works like a standard jack: nothing plugged in - audio comes out of built-in speakers headphones/external speakers plugged in - plays through headphones/external speakers but you can also use a special adapter (which trips a tiny microswitch) to get an optical audio out signal (which you can presumably plug into a nice surround-sound system). This is all well and good except when, like auto-tracking, it doesn't work, and you are left with nothing to adjust. Users report that they get no sound when they have nothing plugged in and that a red light emanates from the headphone port. If you go to System Preferences - Sound - Output, it will say (IIRC) "Optical Out" instead of "Internal Speakers". The only solution I'm aware of is to try to reset the switch by inserting and removing a set of headphones or a toothpick, perhaps wiggling it inside of the port, and hoping that you luck out and get it. Are there other ways to fix this problem? Does anyone know where the microswitch is or have a good technique to reset it?

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• 10Gbe sfp+ Cross Over Cable required? Is there such a thing?

  - by dc-patos

  To preface, this is my first experience with 10GBe networking and I have encountered an issue which research does not seem to document a solution for... I have two servers (older DL580G5 and DL380G5), each with a HP NC522SFP 10Gbe dual sfp+ port adapter. I have purchased copper "passive" direct connect adapter cables (which look like twinax), which seem to work well when I connect them to the sfp+ ports on my Dell 5524 switch. However, if I directly connect the two servers with the same cable, the link doesn't come up. I am running WS2012 standard on each server. My intention is to use one of these servers as a home brew SAN and I would like to enable mutiple 10Gbe paths for iSCSI traffic. My question(s): Can I connect the two adapters to each other, such as I would with other less speedy generations of ethernet? If I can, do I require a crossover cable, or some type of other sfp+ cable solution to do this? My 10Gbe sfp+ switch ports are premium, but server to server connections are doable in small numbers for me and I would really like the multiple paths this would give me. Is there a simple solution?

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• "Error: Unknown error" when trying to start virtual machine from VMware server

  - by slhck

  Problem We are running VMware Server 2.0.0 build-116503 on a Ubuntu 10.04 LTS server. There is a virtual machine installed, running Lotus Domino on Windows Server 2003. Ever since a sudden power failure last week, the virtual machine won't properly start up. When I run the command: vmrun -T server -h https://127.0.0.1:8333/sdk -u root -p jk2x2208 start "[standard] lotus/test.vmx" … after 30 seconds it displays: Error: Unknown error That's about everything I get. I know the command is right, since that's what we've used all the time. This has happened last Saturday after a scheduled backup shutdown, and somehow I was able to start it again. This week, it happened again, and I can't get it back up. Occasionally, I also get: Error: Cannot connect to the virtual machine When I get this, and I run the start command, it seemingly works. Why is this so random? Which configuration could have been messed up? What I've tried / other info I already shut down VMware itself with /etc/init.d/vmware stop. This works. I tried to start VMware again with /etc/init.d/vmware start. It complains that it's "not configured", which is why I had to rm /etc/vmware/not_configured, and then try to start again. There have been no software updates on the machine, and no configuration changes

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• App for family tech support tracking?

  - by slothbear

  I do tech support for several groups within my family. They usually have a document or notebook of questions for me. They often record my advice, but then ask me again later. Some communications are by email (nice record for me, although they never think to search). Some sessions are in person, usually with a followup email from me for the record. Which they forget about. I'm not trying to force them to be more 'professional', but I would like to streamline my support a bit, and give them a place to look for past answers. Some of them would like a standard place like that, rather than reasking me the same questions. The solution has to be free. And web-based, although email-in for questions would be great. I'll be doing most (all?) updating of the system. Mobile/iPhone access would be nice, but not required. Ideally, a system with topics and responses would be good, but I'd need a way to promote one response as 'the answer'.

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• Cheap desktop computer in 19" rack-mountable form-factor?

  - by Alex Basson

  I'm a high school teacher at a small private school. As of this year, we have SMARTBoards in every classroom (though I've had one in the class I share for two years now). The classrooms themselves don't have computers in them, so we teachers bring our laptops to class and connect them to the boards. This has several disadvantages: This takes a few minutes while we wait for the board to boot up and then orient the board to our individual laptop -- we have to do this every time b/c different teachers have different laptops requiring different orientations. This isn't ideal because when you only have 43 minutes per class period, waiting five minutes just to get started is a real waste. Carrying your laptop to class doesn't sound so bad until you consider that we're also carrying textbooks and piles of student papers, and we're carrying it all through crowded high school hallways. More than one laptop has fallen THUNK to the floor, with dire consequences. We feel we could eliminate the need to use our laptops with the SMARTBoards if we had a dedicated computer in each classroom hooked up to the board at all times. Each board set-up is connected to a podium with a standard 19" rack in it, currently housing a power supply and DVD player. There're plenty of rack spaces available. So I'm thinking: maybe we could get some inexpensive computers in a 19" rack-mountable form factor, install them in the podiums, and connect them to the boards on a permanent basis. Any suggestions?

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• Sharp mx2600 driver cannot see all the paper trays

  - by Frank R

  I am wondering if someone might have experienced this problem and have a solution. I have just taken over a network about a month ago so it is hard to know what truly worked and didn't work. However the end users reported that they used to be able to choose the tray they wanted to print from in the printer preferences in the driver for the Sharp MX2600n device then send the print job. Now they only have two trays to choose from instead of the four trays that exist. The only thing I have changed that might relate to this network device is the Admin password on the domain controller. I haven't made any changes to the Sharp device or the driver, until recently when I tired to update the driver for this device but that didn't fix anything. The domain controller is a Server 2008 VM running in Hyper-visor and it is pushing the shared printer out to the domain. I have looked at the web interface to manage the device and I can see all four paper trays in there, however if I try to see the number of trays from the driver interface, I can only see the top two paper trays and there should be four of them. This is the same with the admin account on the server or a workstation inside the domain, also a standard user account see's the same result. I have even tried updating the tray status within the driver to show more trays, but that doesn't help. I am hoping there is someone out there that has experienced this problem and knows a solution.

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• Create a mailbox in qmail, then forward all incoming message to Gmail

  - by lorenzo-s

  I needed to let PHP send mails from my webserver to my web app users. So I installed qmail on my Debian server: sudo apt-get install qmail I also updated files in /etc/qmail specifing my domain name, and then I run sudo qmailctl reload and sudo qmailctl restart: /etc/qmail/defaultdomain # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/defaulthost # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/me # Contains 'mail.mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/rcpthosts # Contains 'mydomain.com' /etc/qmail/locals # Contains 'mydomain.com' Emails are sent without any problem from my PHP script to any email address, using the standard mail PHP library. Now the problem is that if I send mail from my PHP using [email protected] as sender address, I want that customer can reply to that address! And possibly, I want all mails sent to this address should be forwarded to my personal Gmail address. At the moment qmail seems to not accept any incoming mail because of "invalid mailbox name". Here is a complete SMTP session I established with my server: me@MYPC:~$ nc mydomain.com 25 220 ip-XX-XX-XXX-XXX.xxx.xxx.xxx ESMTP HELO [email protected] 250 ip-XX-XX-XXX-XXX.xxx.xxx.xxx MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 ok DATA 554 sorry, invalid mailbox name(s). (#5.1.1) QUIT I'm sure I missing something related to mailbox or alias creation, in fact I did nothing to define mailbox [email protected] anywhere. But I tried to search something on the net and on the numerous qmail man pages, bot I found nothing.

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• Being a more attractive job candidate - Certs XOR Degree

  - by Zephyr Pellerin

  I'm currently working in an IT position, where I do helpdesk stuff, and predominantly security related issues/consulting (In the loosest sense of the term) In-House and for Service-Contract clients (as the only/acting CCSP [I guess I should say only person with Cisco experience] in my organization). I've professionally written Kernel Mode drivers for a gaming company. Among other things that I'm proud to put on a resume. I think of myself as very reasonably qualified as a System Administrator, With excellent Cisco experience, among other things I think would make a good addition to almost any IT staff in need of a new employee. However, Something has always tripped me up - Human Resources. Let me explain, I decided to skip the university route - I'm immensely glad that I did, The computer science graduates that I've met and work with rarely know much of anything about Computers (Until they gain some 'real' experience), Even when asked about Theoretical Computing fundamentals they can rattle something off about Turing Completeness but rarely do they understand the mathematical underpinnings. In short, I think instead of going to college, I'd rather pick up some real world experience. However, Apparently, Employers rarely think the same way. A quick perusal of jobs through the standard job search engine yields nothing short of a conspiracy to exclude anyone without 'A Bachelors Degree in Computer Science or Equivalent'. Interviews I've had in the past have almost always been entangled with - 1. My Age (Which I can't really change) and 2. Lack of Degree. Employers frequently disregard the CCNA/CCSP, The experience I've gained through internships, My extensive experience in x86 assembly and C, among so many other things I like to think are valuable to employers - In lieu of the fact that I don't have a piece of paper. So, AS AN EMPLOYER - Is it even worth working on my CCIE? Or should I pad my resume with certifications that are easier to acquire (Like CISSP, MSCE, Network+, etc.). Or should I ditch the whole idea and head back to get a Mathematics or CS degree?

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• Constant crashes in windows 7 64bit when playing games

  - by yx

  I've tried everything I can possibly think of in trying to fix this problem and I'm totally out of ideas, so any help would be appreciated: The problem: whenever I fire up a game, it works for a short while with no problems and then it would crash. Either its a hard crash, forcing me to reboot, or windows would report that the display driver has stopped working and recovered. Here is a list of things I've already tried: Drivers - tried the latest drivers (catalyst 9.12) as well as the stock drivers that came with the video card. Also have the latest BIOS/chipset Memtest - Ran Memtest86+ overnight, had no problems, the windows diagnostic tool also does not find any problems. Overheating - Video card/cpu temperatures are well below peak (42 and 31 Celsius receptively) PSU Voltage - CPUID shows that the voltage levels are all above what they should be. The PSU itself is only roughly 16 months old and is a good model. HDD - No errors when checked GPU - Brand new (replaced previous card since I thought it was the problem, apparently not) Overclocking - Everything is at stock levels, memory voltage is set to manufacturer's standard Specs: Motherboard: ASUS P5Q Pro CPU: Core 2 Duo E8400 3.0 ghz OS: Windows 7 home premium 64 bit Memory: Mushkin Enhanced 4GB DDR2 GPU: Sapphire HD 5850 1GB PSU: SeaSonic M12 600W ATX12V DirectX: DX11 Event Viewer after a crash always has these logged: A fatal hardware error has occurred. Reported by component: Processor Core Error Source: Machine Check Exception Error Type: Bus/Interconnect Error Processor ID: 1 The details view of this entry contains further information. A fatal hardware error has occurred. Reported by component: Processor Core Error Source: Machine Check Exception Error Type: Bus/Interconnect Error Processor ID: 0 The details view of this entry contains further information. A previous card that I had (4850x2) also had these errors, so I changed video cards, but the same thing is happening.

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• Using virtualization infrastructure for J2EE application distribution- viable alternative?

  - by Dan

  Our company builds custom J2EE web solutions. At the moment, we use standard J2EE distribution mechanisms (ear/war archives). Application servers are generally administered by our clients' IT departments and since we do not have complete control over the environment, a lot of entropy can be introduced into the solution. For example: latest app. server patch not applied conflicting third party libraries inside the app. server root server runtime and tuning parameters not configured (for example, number of connections in database pool) We are looking into using virtualization infrastructure for J2EE application distribution. Instead of sending the ear/war archive, we’d send image with application server node and our application preinstalled. Some of the benefits are same as using with using virtualization infrastructure in general, namely better use of hardware resources. For us, it reduces the entropy of hosting infrastructure - distributing VM should be less affected by hosting environment. So far, the downside I see can be in application server licenses, here they will have to use dedicated servers for our solution, but this is generally already done that way. Also, there is a complexity with maintaining virtualization infrastructure, but this is often something IT departments have more experience with than with administering and fine-tuning J2EE solutions. Anyone has experience with this model? What are the downsides? Will we not just replace one type of complexity with other?

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• Cisco ASA 5510 Time of Day Based Policing

  - by minamhere

  I have a Cisco ASA 5510 setup at a boarding school. I determined that many (most?) of the students were downloading files, watching movies, etc, during the day and this was causing the academic side of our network to suffer. The students should not even be in their rooms during the day, so I configured the ASA to police their network segment and limit their outbound bandwidth. This resolved all of our academic issues, and everyone was happy. Except the resident students. I have been asked to change/remove the policing policy at the end of the day, to allow the residents access to the unused bandwidth at night. There's no reason to let bandwidth sit unused at night just because it would be abused during the day. Is there a way to setup Time of Day based Policies on the ASA? Ideally I'd like to be able to open up the network at night and all day during weekends. If I can't set Time based policies, is is possible to schedule the ASA to load a set of commands at a specific time? I suppose I could just setup a scheduled task on one of our servers to log in and make the changes with a simple script, but this seems like a hack, and I'm hoping there is a better or more standard way to accomplish this. Thanks. Edit: If there is a totally different solution that would accomplish a similar goal, I'd be interested in that as well. Free/Cheap would be ideal, but if a separate internet connection is my only other option, it might be worth fighting for money for hardware or software to do this better or more efficiently.

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• Experiences in Upgrading from Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2010

  - by gWaldo

  I'm currently running Exchange 2003 SP2 Cluster on a Server 2003 AD Forest (in native 2003 mode), and we beginning to plan the upgrade to Server 2008 AD and Exchange 2010. We have two main sites, one middle-sized office, and a couple of smaller sites which have DCs (which may be RODCs after the upgrade). Currently all of our Exchange cluster is in my main site, but we are considering using the new datastore paradigm for load-balance/failover at the other large site, but this is not set in stone. Right now we are in the information-gathering and planning phases. I am looking for input of any gotchas experienced while performing either upgrade, but especially the Exchange upgrade. Gotchas? What surprised you? What wasn't documented? What said one thing but was misleading? (Confusing either in content or severity.) What is great or horrible about the new system? What worked well? What worked poorly? If you were to do it over again...? (I know that this isn't so much a question that can be definitively answered, but I'm happy to reward insight and useful resources (not the Microsoft documentation, but Blogposts are welcome) with upvotes.) UPDATE A couple items of note: -We are not currently using OWA (currently only the admins), but it may become more of a consideration with iOS devices. -We do have a small number of Blackberries in the environment (< 10%). -In addition to the standard Exchange connectors, we have a third-party connector for Captaris RightFax integration.

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• How to find the cause of locked user account in Windows AD domain

  - by Stephane

  After a recent incident with Outlook, I was wondering how I would most efficiently resolve the following problem: Assume a fairly typical small to medium sized AD infrastructure: several DCs, a number of internal servers and windows clients, several services using AD and LDAP for user authentication from within the DMZ (SMTP relay, VPN, Citrix, etc.) and several internal services all relying on AD for authentication (Exchange, SQL server, file and print servers, terminal services servers). You have full access to all systems but they are a bit too numerous (counting the clients) to check individually. Now assume that, for some unknown reason, one (or more) user account gets locked out due to password lockout policy every few minutes. What would be the best way to find the service/machine responsible for this ? Assuming the infrastructure is pure, standard Windows with no additional management tool and few changes from default is there any way the process of finding the cause of such lockout could be accelerated or improved ? What could be done to improve the resilient of the system against such an account lockout DOS ? Disabling account lockout is an obvious answer but then you run into the issue of users having way to easily exploitable passwords, even with complexity enforced.

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• Corrupt install of Ruby?

  - by wilhelmtell

  I'm having issues requiring 'digest/sha1'. ~$ ./configure --prefix=$HOME/usr --program-suffix=19 --enable-shared ~$ make ~$ make install ~$ irb19 irb(main):001:0> require 'digest/sha1' LoadError: dlopen(/Users/matan/usr/lib/ruby19/1.9.1/i386-darwin9.8.0/digest/sha1.bundle, 9): Symbol not found: _rb_Digest_SHA1_Finish Referenced from: /Users/matan/usr/lib/ruby19/1.9.1/i386-darwin9.8.0/digest/sha1.bundle Expected in: flat namespace - /Users/matan/usr/lib/ruby19/1.9.1/i386-darwin9.8.0/digest/sha1.bundle from (irb):1:in `require' from (irb):1 from /Users/matan/usr/bin/irb19:12:in `<main>' irb(main):002:0> I know some standard modules require fine, while others don't. If i'd say require 'digest' then that works fine. Just a couple of days ago I uninstalled Ruby and re-installed it. When I first installed Ruby I installed it in a similar manner, from source prefixed at my local $HOME/usr directory. I tried removing each and every file make install installs, then re-installing, but that didn't help. Do you have an idea what the issue is and how to resolve it?

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• Self-Resetting Power Strips?

  - by Justin Scott

  We are about to deploy a number of secure kiosks into an environment where they may be prone to lightning strikes and power surges on a somewhat regular basis (southern Florida in a place where the existing electrical infrastructure is, shall we say, a bit out of date). Ideally we would use battery backups on each system, but it's not in the budget. We plan to use a standard power strip with a circuit breaker built-in to protect the computers, but management has asked if there is a power strip that can reset itself after the breaker has been tripped. I've looked around and wasn't able to find such a beast, and it seems to me that it would probably be a safety issue for such a product to exist (e.g. if something plugged into the strip is drawing a lot of current and trips the breaker, you wouldn't want that resetting itself to prevent a possible fire). Nevertheless, if anyone has experience with such a product or can point me in the direction of something that would allow the breakers to be reset automatically or remotely (we don't want to have to send someone to each kiosk every time there is a power surge) I would appreciate any tips.

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• Per connection bandwidth limit

  - by Kyr

  Apparently, our server box running Windows Server 2008 R2 has a per connection bandwidth limit of 0.2 MB/s. Meaning, while one TCP connection can pull at max 0.2 MB/s, 60 parallel connections can pull 12 MB/s. We first noticed this when trying to checkout large SVN repository from this server. I used a simple Java application to test this, transferring data from server to workstation using variable number of threads (one connection per thread). Server part of the application simply writes 1 MB memory buffer to socket 100 times, so there is no disk involvement. Each connection topped at 0.2 MB/s. Same per connection limit was for only one as was for 60 parallel connections. The problem is that I have no idea from where this limit comes from. I have very little experience administrating Windows Server, so I was mostly trying to find something by googling. I have checked the following: Local Computer Policy QoS Packet Scheduler Limit reservable bandwidth: it's Not configured; Group Policy Management Console: we have two GOPs, but neiher has any Policy-based QoS defined; There isn't any bandwidth limiter program installed, as far as I can tell. We're using standard Windows Firewall. I can update this question with any additional information if needed.

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• Inconsistent DHCP replies with Windows 2008R2 DHCP server

  - by verbalicious

  I've got a Windows 2008R2 standard server running DHCP services. We've noticed that certain clients are receiving inconsistent DHCP replies. We have over 175 Windows workstations in this VLAN that don't seem to have trouble getting DHCP leases. However, PXE-booting clients trying to reach our DHCP server are able to get a lease inconsistently. Additionally, we tried using the "dhcping" tool against our DHCP server and found that roughly two of every three requests time out with "no answer" -- and this holds true when we set the timeout value on dhcping to 20seconds. After a failed attempt, however, we may get a dhcp lease reply immediately with dhcping. This leads me to believe that this issue isn't confined to PXE booting clients, but something more systemic with my LAN layer2 or DHCP. And that possibly my 175 windows clients are experiencing this in some form without my knowledge. We have over 30% of our scope available so the addresses are there. I was unable to find anything in the Windows server "DHCP-Server" log. Of course, my goal is to have my DHCP server reply to every request that it receives on the LAN!

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