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• Test a simple multi-player (upto four players) Android game in single developer machine

  - by Kush

  I'm working on a multi-player Android game (very simple it is that it doesn't have any game-engine used). The game is based on Java Socket. Four devices will connect the game server and a new thread will manage their session. The game server will server many such sessions (having 4 players each). What I'm worried about is the testing of this game. I know it is possible to run multiple android emulators, but my development laptop is very limited in capabilities (3 GB RAM, 2 Ghz Intel Core2Duo and on-board Graphics). And I'm already using Ubuntu to develop the game so that I have more user memory available than I'd have with Windows. Hence, the laptop will burn-to-death on running 4 emulator instances. I don't have access to any android device, neither I have another machine with higher configuration. And I still have to develop and test this game. P.S. : I'm a CS student, and currently don't work anywhere, and this game is college project, so if there are any paid solutions, I cannot afford it. What can I do to test the app seamlessly? ability to test even only 4 clients (i.e. only 1 session) would suffice, its alright if I can't simulate real environment with some 10-20 active game sessions (having 4 players each).

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• Is it possible to calculate or mathematically prove if a game is balanced / fair?

  - by Lurca

  This question is not focussed on video games but games in general. I went to a boardgame trade fair yesterday and asked myself if there is a way to calculate the fairness of a game. Sure, some of them require a good portion of luck, but it might be possible to calculate if some character is overpowered. Especially in role-playing games and trading card games. How, for example, can the creators of "Magic: The Gathering" make sure that there isn't the "one card that beats them all", given the impressive number of available cards?

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• Where can I find "magic numbers" for classic game play mechanics?

  - by MrDatabase

  I'd like to find some "magic numbers" for the classic helicopter game. For example the numbers that determine how fast the helicopter accelerates up and down. Also perhaps the "randomness" of the obstacles (uniformly distributed? Gaussian?). Where can I find these numbers? p.s. I don't care about the particular platform... Flash on the desktop browser is just as good as some implementation on a mobile device.

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• HTML5 or Javascript game engine to develop a browser game

  - by Jack Duluoz

  I would like to start developing a MMO browser game, like Travian or Ogame, probably involving also a bit of more sophisticated graphical features such as players interacting in real time with a 2d map or something like that. My main doubt is what kind of development tools I should use: I've a good experience with PHP and MySQL for the server side and Javascript (and jQuery) regarding the client side. Coding everything from scratch would be of course really painful so I was wondering if I should use a javascript game engine or not. Are there (possibly free) game engine you would recommend? Are they good enough to develop a big game? Also, I saw a lot of HTML5 games popping up lately but I'm now sure if using HTML5 is a good idea or not. Would you recommend it? What are the pro and cons about using HTML5? If you'd recommend it, do you have any good links regarding game development with HTML5? (PS: I know that HTML5 and a Javascript engine are not mutually exclusive, I just didn't know how to formulate a proper title since English is not my main language. So, please, answer addressing HTML5 and a game engine pro and cons separately)

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• Android in-game pause screen

  - by Max

  Right now Im calling a new activity with an xml-view when I pause my game, but Since I do this I need to use context in my real-time code, and this is causing a memory leak. Is there any preffered way to pause the game? By pause I mean if game is over, if I die, or if I press pause-button. Would a custom dialog work just aswell? this would mean I wont have to leave my main-activity while im in-game.

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• Game timings and formats

  - by topright

  There are more or less standardized TV-show/movie formats and recommended timings: 1. By the early 1960s, television companies commonly presented half-hour long "comedy" series, or one hour long "dramas." Half-hour series were mostly restricted to situation comedy or family comedy, and were usually aired with either a live or artificial laugh track. One hour dramas included genre series such as police and detective series, westerns, science fiction, and, later, serialized prime time soap operas. Programs today still overwhelmingly conform to these half-hour and one hour guidelines. Source 2. In the United States, most medical dramas are one hour long. Source 3. Traditionally serials were broadcast as fifteen minute installments each weekday in daytime slots. In 1956 As the World Turns debuted as the first half-hour soap opera. All soap operas broadcast half-hour episodes by the end of the 1960s. With increased popularity in the 1970s most soap operas expanded to an hour (Another World even expanded to ninety minutes for a short time). More than half of the serials had expanded to one hour episodes by 1980. As of 2010, six of the seven US serials air one hour episodes each weekday. Source Interesting. Are there any standards of timing in game development? Well, 5-20 minutes casual games, of course. There is even a "5-minutes-game" site. And 1-hour-gamer site. Are there 1-week, 1-year, 1-eternity game formats? Chess and Go - deep games that you can study all your life; but they are played in hour or several days (pro games). Addictive long-term online role-playing games (without win-condition) are played in monthes and, possibly, years. Replayability is an important factor to consider. It's good when game design document contains a line: "A game is designed for solving in X hours". How can it be measured before there is any prototype or demo? When you know your game format, you know your audience (and vice versa). It is practical question. Are there psychological researches about dynamic of gaming interest and involvement? And is there a correlation between game format and game genre?

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• In-Game Encyclopedias

  - by SHiNKiROU

  There are some games where there is an in-game encyclopedia where you can know many things about characters and settings of the game. For example, the Codex in Mass Effect. I want to know if it is exclusive to Bioware, and get inspired about other encyclopedia systems. What are some other examples of in-game encyclopedias? How effective is it? I also want some examples where the in-game encyclopedia is not effective at all or an ignored feature

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• Game Center alternatives for non-iOS development

  - by Eat at Joes

  I have completed a game for iOS which integrates GameKit. I am happy with Game Center however my game also has an HTML5 web version and will soo have an Android version. My question is what alternatives do I have for non-iOS platforms but primarily for Android and to a lesser extent a Javascript/Web SDK. I looked at Openfeint a year ago and it seemed to be a good solution back then but am not sure if this is still the case? Note, I have no plans to replace what I already have in my iOS game and I understand the leader boards, users, and achievements won't be shared out of Game Center.

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• Deterministic replay in a modern game

  - by cloudraven

  I am doing a study in modern games graphics, and as part of the study it would be really helpful to be able to replay a sequence in the game multiple times. For example, recording a series of inputs to get the exact video sequences, but being able to replay them in different computers or different graphics configurations. I want to do this study with a couple of existing commercial games with sophisticated graphics (something released in the last 1 or 2 years if possible). I was thinking on hooking with detours or something similar, calls to time() or srand() to fix all pseudo-number generated results. It would be ideal to have a general solution that works with any game. Since admittedly that is pretty ambitious, I would be happy just having 2 or 3 games in which it is known that I can get deterministic output for a given input. In the end, I will be comparing video output, so I want to avoid noise generated by differences on each execution caused by non-determinism. Any sugestions?

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• Tools to automate recording streaming radio

  - by Stan

  Is there any tool that can automate recording online streaming radio? I've been use totalrecorder which it has below upside: 1. Handy scheduler. 2. Support create recording templates, so I can customize some high/low quality recording. The downside are it requires to open the streaming radio in browser and can't have another sound source. It's recording what comes out from the speaker. What I am looking for is given a online radio url, and the tool can record the audio stream. No matter if I am playing any other music or not. Thanks.

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• What can make a peaceful game successful?

  - by Miro

  Today, the most successful games are action games like FPS, RPG, MMORPG... I'd like to make peaceful game, but I don't know how to attract people. I can make good graphics, but that's not the main thing that makes people like game more that couple of minutes. The content is important. In game styles mentioned in beginning are main content fight, kill others, make from yourself predator/the most powerful creature/player in the game. But what content can attract people in peaceful game?

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• What can make peaceful game successful?

  - by Miro

  Today, the most successful games are action games like FPS, RPG, MMORPG... I'd like to make peaceful game, but i don't know how to attract people. I can make good graphics, but that's not the main thing that makes people like game more that couple of minutes. The content is important. In game styles mentioned in beginning are main content fight, kill others, make from yourself predator/the most powerful creature/player in the game. But what content can attract people in peaceful game?

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• Tools to automate recording streaming radio

  - by Stan

  Are there any tools that can automate recording online streaming radio? I've been using Total Recorder which has the following useful features: Handy scheduler Supports creating recording templates, so I can customize some high/low quality recording Unfortunately it requires opening the streaming radio in a browser and can't have another sound source at the same time; it's recording what comes out from the speaker. What I am looking for is given an online radio URL, the tool should be able to record the audio stream, no matter if I am playing any other music or not. Does such a tool exist?

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• Limiting game loop to exactly 60 tics per second (Android / Java)

  - by user22241

  So I'm having terrible problems with stuttering sprites. My rendering and logic takes less than a game tic (16.6667ms) However, although my game loop runs most of the time at 60 ticks per second, it sometimes goes up to 61 - when this happens, the sprites stutter. Currently, my variables used are: //Game updates per second final int ticksPerSecond = 60; //Amount of time each update should take final int skipTicks = (1000 / ticksPerSecond); This is my current game loop @Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub //This method will run continuously //You should call both 'render' and 'update' methods from here //Set curTime initial value if '0' //Set/Re-set loop back to 0 to start counting again loops=0; while(System.currentTimeMillis() > nextGameTick && loops < maxFrameskip){ SceneManager.getInstance().getCurrentScene().updateLogic(); //Time correction to compensate for the missing .6667ms when using int values nextGameTick+=skipTicks; timeCorrection += (1000d/ticksPerSecond) % 1; nextGameTick+=timeCorrection; timeCorrection %=1; //Increase loops loops++; } render(); } I realise that my skipTicks is an int and therefore will come out as 16 rather that 16.6667 However, I tried changing it (and ticksPerSecond) to Longs but got the same problem). I also tried to change the timer used to Nanotime and skiptics to 1000000000/ticksPerSecond, but everything just ran at about 300 ticks per seconds. All I'm attempting to do is to limit my game loop to 60 - what is the best way to guarantee that my game updates never happen at more than 60 times a second? Please note, I do realise that very very old devices might not be able to handle 60 although I really don't expect this to happen - I've tested it on the lowest device I have and it easily achieves 60 tics. So I'm not worried about a device not being able to handle the 60 ticks per second, but rather need to limit it - any help would be appreciated.

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• HTML5/JS - Choppy Game Loop

  - by Rikonator

  I have been experimenting with HTML5/JS, trying to create a simple game when I hit a wall. My choice of game loop is too choppy to be actually of any use in a game. I'm trying for a fixed time step loop, rendering only when required. I simply use a requestAnimationFrame to run Game.update which finds the elapsed time since the last update, and calls State.update to update and render the current state. State.prototype.update = function(ms) { this.ticks += ms; var updates = 0; while(this.ticks >= State.DELTA_TIME && updates < State.MAX_UPDATES) { this.updateState(); this.updateFrameTicks += State.DELTA_TIME; this.updateFrames++; if(this.updateFrameTicks >= 1000) { this.ups = this.updateFrames; this.updateFrames = 0; this.updateFrameTicks -= 1000; } this.ticks -= State.DELTA_TIME; updates++; } if(updates > 0) { this.renderFrameTicks += updates*State.DELTA_TIME; this.renderFrames++; if(this.renderFrameTicks >= 1000) { this.rps = this.renderFrames; this.renderFrames = 0; this.renderFrameTicks -= 1000; } this.renderState(updates*State.DELTA_TIME); } }; But this strategy does not work very well. This is the result: http://jsbin.com/ukosuc/1 (Edit). As it is apparent, the 'game' has fits of lag, and when you tab out for a long period and come back, the 'game' behaves unexpectedly - updates faster than intended. This is either a problem due to something about game loops that I don't quite understand yet, or a problem due to implementation which I can't pinpoint. I haven't been able to solve this problem despite attempting several variations using setTimeout and requestAnimationFrame. (One such example is http://jsbin.com/eyarod/1/edit). Some help and insight would really be appreciated!

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• Is Java viable for serious game development?

  - by tehtros

  Ever since I was a little kid, my dream has been to develop games. Well, now that I am older, more mature, and have some programming experience, I would like to start. However, I would like to turn this into a career. The problem, is that my language of choice is Java. Now, I am not intending this to be a Java vs. C++ question, but rather, is Java an acceptable language for serious game development, instead of lower level languages like C++. By serious, I mean high quality graphics, and being able to play a game with said high quality graphics, without much lag on decent computers. Also, eventually, possible making it to consoles. I have scoured the internet, but there are not very many resources for Java game development, not nearly as many as C++. In fact, most engines are written in C++. Once, I tried to play a made with jMonkeyEngine. The game was terribly slow, to the point where my computer froze. I had no other Java applications running and nothing too resource intensive. Keep in mind, that my computer can play most modern 3D games with ease. So, I am really serious about game development, is Java still a viable choice? I have tried multiple times to learn C++, but I don't really like the language. I don't really know why, but usually, whenever I try to learn, I can never grasp the topics. Also, my most of my friends know Java, and one is even anti-C++, saying that no one knows how to use it right. Then, he goes to say that "there is no right way to use C++, that it can not be used correctly. The nature of the language prevents good code." Also, if I continue to learn and improve Java now, and it turns out that later I am required to learn C++, will making the switch be difficult? So, in short, can Java be taken serious, for serious game development. This includes heavy graphics, fast game play without lag, and possibly, and easy switch to consoles?

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• How to integrate game logic in game engines

  - by MahanGM

  Recently I'm working on a 2d game engine example in .Net with C#. My main problem is that I can't figure out how I should include the game logic within the game. Currently I have a base engine which is a set of classes that they are running sub-systems like Render, Sound, Input and Core functionality. There is an editor which helps the user to add resources, build levels, write scripts and other stuffs. I came up with an idea to use Reflection and CSharpCodeProvider from my editor to compile the written code. This way I can get an executable of my product too. This way is quite well but I would like to know what's really the solution and architecture to do this. My engine's role is 2d platform. The scripting language is C# right now because I can't consist any other embeddable language for now. The game needs compilation and CSharpCodeProvider is the only way for me to do it meantime.

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• Implementing game rules in a tactical battle board game

  - by Setzer22

  I'm trying to create a game similar to what one would find in a typical D&D board game combat. For mor examples you could think of games like Advance Wars, Fire Emblem or Disgaea. I should say that I'm using design by component so far, but I can't find a nice way to fit components into the part I want to ask. I'm struggling right now with the "game rules" logic. That is, the code that displays the menu, allows the player to select units, and command them, then tells the unit game objects what to do given the player input. The best way I could thing of handling this was using a big state machine, so everything that could be done in a "turn" is handled by this state machine, and the update code of this state machine does different things depending on the state. This approach, though, leads to a large amount of code (anything not model-related) to go into a big class. Of course I can subdivide this big class into more classes, but it doesn't feel modular and upgradable enough. I'd like to know of better systems to handle this in order to be able to upgrade the game with new rules without having a monstruous if/else chain (or switch / case, for that matter). So, any ideas? I'd also like to ask that if you recommend me a specific design pattern to also provide some kind of example or further explanation and not stick to "Yeah you should use MVC and it'll work".

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• How to structure game states in an entity/component-based system

  - by Eva

  I'm making a game designed with the entity-component paradigm that uses systems to communicate between components as explained here. I've reached the point in my development that I need to add game states (such as paused, playing, level start, round start, game over, etc.), but I'm not sure how to do it with my framework. I've looked at this code example on game states which everyone seems to reference, but I don't think it fits with my framework. It seems to have each state handling its own drawing and updating. My framework has a SystemManager that handles all the updating using systems. For example, here's my RenderingSystem class: public class RenderingSystem extends GameSystem { private GameView gameView_; /** * Constructor * Creates a new RenderingSystem. * @param gameManager The game manager. Used to get the game components. */ public RenderingSystem(GameManager gameManager) { super(gameManager); } /** * Method: registerGameView * Registers gameView into the RenderingSystem. * @param gameView The game view registered. */ public void registerGameView(GameView gameView) { gameView_ = gameView; } /** * Method: triggerRender * Adds a repaint call to the event queue for the dirty rectangle. */ public void triggerRender() { Rectangle dirtyRect = new Rectangle(); for (GameObject object : getRenderableObjects()) { GraphicsComponent graphicsComponent = object.getComponent(GraphicsComponent.class); dirtyRect.add(graphicsComponent.getDirtyRect()); } gameView_.repaint(dirtyRect); } /** * Method: renderGameView * Renders the game objects onto the game view. * @param g The graphics object that draws the game objects. */ public void renderGameView(Graphics g) { for (GameObject object : getRenderableObjects()) { GraphicsComponent graphicsComponent = object.getComponent(GraphicsComponent.class); if (!graphicsComponent.isVisible()) continue; GraphicsComponent.Shape shape = graphicsComponent.getShape(); BoundsComponent boundsComponent = object.getComponent(BoundsComponent.class); Rectangle bounds = boundsComponent.getBounds(); g.setColor(graphicsComponent.getColor()); if (shape == GraphicsComponent.Shape.RECTANGULAR) { g.fill3DRect(bounds.x, bounds.y, bounds.width, bounds.height, true); } else if (shape == GraphicsComponent.Shape.CIRCULAR) { g.fillOval(bounds.x, bounds.y, bounds.width, bounds.height); } } } /** * Method: getRenderableObjects * @return The renderable game objects. */ private HashSet<GameObject> getRenderableObjects() { return gameManager.getGameObjectManager().getRelevantObjects( getClass()); } } Also all the updating in my game is event-driven. I don't have a loop like theirs that simply updates everything at the same time. I like my framework because it makes it easy to add new GameObjects, but doesn't have the problems some component-based designs encounter when communicating between components. I would hate to chuck it just to get pause to work. Is there a way I can add game states to my game without removing the entity-component design? Does the game state example actually fit my framework, and I'm just missing something? EDIT: I might not have explained my framework well enough. My components are just data. If I was coding in C++, they'd probably be structs. Here's an example of one: public class BoundsComponent implements GameComponent { /** * The position of the game object. */ private Point pos_; /** * The size of the game object. */ private Dimension size_; /** * Constructor * Creates a new BoundsComponent for a game object with initial position * initialPos and initial size initialSize. The position and size combine * to make up the bounds. * @param initialPos The initial position of the game object. * @param initialSize The initial size of the game object. */ public BoundsComponent(Point initialPos, Dimension initialSize) { pos_ = initialPos; size_ = initialSize; } /** * Method: getBounds * @return The bounds of the game object. */ public Rectangle getBounds() { return new Rectangle(pos_, size_); } /** * Method: setPos * Sets the position of the game object to newPos. * @param newPos The value to which the position of the game object is * set. */ public void setPos(Point newPos) { pos_ = newPos; } } My components do not communicate with each other. Systems handle inter-component communication. My systems also do not communicate with each other. They have separate functionality and can easily be kept separate. The MovementSystem doesn't need to know what the RenderingSystem is rendering to move the game objects correctly; it just need to set the right values on the components, so that when the RenderingSystem renders the game objects, it has accurate data. The game state could not be a system, because it needs to interact with the systems rather than the components. It's not setting data; it's determining which functions need to be called. A GameStateComponent wouldn't make sense because all the game objects share one game state. Components are what make up objects and each one is different for each different object. For example, the game objects cannot have the same bounds. They can have overlapping bounds, but if they share a BoundsComponent, they're really the same object. Hopefully, this explanation makes my framework less confusing.

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• Turn-based Strategy Loop

  - by Djentleman

  I'm working on a strategy game. It's turn-based and card-based (think Dominion-style), done in a client, with eventual AI in the works. I've already implemented almost all of the game logic (methods for calculations and suchlike) and I'm starting to work on the actual game loop. What is the "best" way to implement a game loop in such a game? Should I use a simple "while gameActive" loop that keeps running until gameActive is False, with sections that wait for player input? Or should it be managed through the UI with player actions determining what happens and when? Any help is appreciated. I'm doing it in Python (for now at least) to get my Python skills up a bit, although the language shouldn't matter for this question.

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• What are examples of games with "minimalist" models/art assets

  - by Ken

  When teaching game development, my student's obsess about building realistic or complex art/models/animation. And spending wayyy to much time trying to get accurate collision detection between two 3D models [despite my best efforts] However I would like them to spend more time thinking about developing the game mechanics, interaction and game play. I'm looking for some games where the visuals are simple but have good game play. Things I am thinking about are Cubes' vs Spheres or Impossible Game. What are more examples of visually simple (preferably 3D) games to help inspire my students?

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• How to record / capture audio with RecordControl on Java ME, SE K770i

  - by tomaszs

  I want to record sound on my Java ME App on K770i. So I used this: http://java.sun.com/javame/reference/apis/jsr135/javax/microedition/media/control/RecordControl.html example of RecordControl in my code. It goes like this: import java.util.Vector; import javax.microedition.lcdui.Choice; import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command; import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener; import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display; import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable; import javax.microedition.lcdui.List; import javax.microedition.media.Manager; import javax.microedition.media.MediaException; import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet; import java.io.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import javax.microedition.media.*; import javax.microedition.media.control.*; import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.rms.*; (...) try { // Create a Player that captures live audio. Player p = Manager.createPlayer("capture://audio"); p.realize(); // Get the RecordControl, set the record stream, // start the Player and record for 5 seconds. RecordControl rc = (RecordControl)p.getControl("RecordControl"); ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); rc.setRecordStream(output); rc.startRecord(); p.start(); Thread.currentThread().sleep(5000); rc.commit(); p.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) { } catch (MediaException me) { } catch (InterruptedException ie) { } But unfortunately when I try to build it, it tells me: *** Creating directories *** *** Compiling source files *** ..\src\example\audiodemo\AudioPlayer.java:121: cannot find symbol symbol : class RecordControl location: class example.audiodemo.AudioPlayer RecordControl rc = (RecordControl)p.getControl("RecordControl"); ^ ..\src\example\audiodemo\AudioPlayer.java:121: cannot find symbol symbol : class RecordControl location: class example.audiodemo.AudioPlayer RecordControl rc = (RecordControl)p.getControl("RecordControl"); ^ 2 errors So my question is: why there is no RecordControl class if in documentations it is written this class should be there. Or is there other method to record / capture audio from microfone in Java ME of Sony Ericsson? How do you record sound?

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• Development costs of an indie multiplayer arcade shooter

  - by VorteX

  Me and a friend of mine have been wanting to remake one of our favorite games of all time (007: Nightfire) for a long time now. However, remaking a game likes this is really complicated because of the rights to the Bond-franchise. That site was created months ago, and by doing so we have found some great people (modelers, level designers, etc.) that want to help, but our plans have changed a little bit. Our current plan is to create a multiplayer-only remake of the original game, removing all the Bond-references so that the rights shouldn't be a problem anymore. We still want to create the game using the UDK and SteamWorks for both PC and Mac. Currently there's 3 things I need to find out: The costs of creating an arcade shooter like this. We want to use crowdfunding to fund the project. The best way to manage a project like this over the internet. Our current team consists of people all over the world, and we need a central place to discuss, collaborate and store our files. The best place to find suitable people for this project. We already have some modelers and level designers but we also need animators, artists, programmers, etc. I believe creating an arcade game like this with a small team is feasible. The game in a nutshell: ±10 maps, ±20 weapons, ±12 game modes, weapon/armor pickups, grapple hook gadget, no ADS, uses SteamWorks, online matchmaking, custom games, AI bots, appearance selection, level progression using XP (no unlocks), achievements. Does anyone know where to start? Any help is appreciated.

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• Managing game state / 'what to update' within an XNA game 'screen'

  - by codinghands

  Note - having read through other GDev questions suggested when writing this question I'm confident this isn't a dupe. Of course, it's 3am and I'm likely wrong, so please mod as such if so. I'm trying to figure out how best to manage state within my game screens - please bare with me though! At the moment I'm using a heavily modified version of the fantastic game state management example on the XNA site available here. This is working perfectly for my 'Screens' - 'IntroScreen' with some shiny logos, 'TitleScreen' and a 'MenuScreen' stacked on top for the title and menu, 'PlayScreen' for the actual gameplay, etc. Each screen has the a bunch of sprites, and an 'Update' and 'Draw', managed by a 'ScreenManager'. In addition to the above, and as suggested as an answer to my other question here, most screens have a 'GameProcessQueue' class full of 'GameProcess'es which lets me do just about anything (animations, youbetcha!), in any order, in sequence or parallel. Why mention all this? When I talk about managing game state I'm thinking more for complex scenarios within a 'Screen'. 'TitleScreen', 'MenuScreen' and the like are all relatively simple. 'Play Screen' less so. How do people manage the different 'states' within the screen (or whatever you call it) that 'does' gameplay? (for me, the 'PlayScreen') I've thought about the following: Enum of different states in the Screen, 'activeState' enum-type variable, switching on the enum in the Screen Update() loop to determine what Screen Update 'sub'-function is called. I can see this getting hairy pretty fast though as screens get more complex and with the 'PlayScreen' becoming a behemoth mega-class. 'State' class with Update loop - a Screen can have any number of 'States', 1+ of which are 'active'. Screen update loop calls update on all active states. States themselves know which screen they belong to, and may even belong to a 'StateManager' which handles transitioning from one state to the next. Once a state is over it's removed from the ScreenState list. The Screen doesn't need a bunch of GameProcessQueues, each State has its own. Abstract Screen further to be more flexible - I can see the similarities between what I've got (game 'Screens' handled by a ScreenManager) and what I want (states within a screen, and a mechanism to manage them). However at the moment I see 'Screens' as high level and very distinct ('PlayScreen' with baddies != 'MenuScreen' with 4 words and event handlers), where as my proposed 'States' are more intrinsically tied to a specific screen with complex requirements. I think. This is for a turn-based board game, so it's easier to define things as a discrete series of steps (IntroAnimation - P1Turn - P2Turn - P1Turn ... - GameOver - .... Obviously with an open-world RPG things are very different, but any advice in this scenario is appreciated. If I'm just going OOP-crazy please say so. Similarly I'm concious there's a huge amount on this site re: state management. But as my first 'serious' game after a couple of false starts I'd like to get this right, and would rather be harassed and modded down than never ask :)

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• Game mechanics patterns database?

  - by Klaim

  Do you know http://tvtropes.org ? It's a kind of wiki/database with scenaristic tropes, patterns that you can find in tones of stories, in tv shows, games, books, etc. Each trope/pattern have a (funny) name and there are references to where it appears, and the other way arround : each book/game/etc. have a list of tropes that it contains. I'm looking for an equivalent but for game mechanics patterns, something like "Death is definitive", "Perfect physical control (no inertia)", "Excell table gameplay", etc. I think it would be really useful. I can't find an equivalent for game mechanics (tvtrope is oriented to scenario, not game mechanics). Do you know any?

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