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• Purely functional equivalent of weakhashmap?

  - by Jon Harrop

  Weak hash tables like Java's weak hash map use weak references to track the collection of unreachable keys by the garbage collector and remove bindings with that key from the collection. Weak hash tables are typically used to implement indirections from one vertex or edge in a graph to another because they allow the garbage collector to collect unreachable portions of the graph. Is there a purely functional equivalent of this data structure? If not, how might one be created? This seems like an interesting challenge. The internal implementation cannot be pure because it must collect (i.e. mutate) the data structure in order to remove unreachable parts but I believe it could present a pure interface to the user, who could never observe the impurities because they only affect portions of the data structure that the user can, by definition, no longer reach.

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• weak hypotheses in boosting method

  - by ppoliani

  can anyone tell me what is the weak hypotheses generated during boosting?

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• Can a loosely typed language be considered true object oriented?

  - by user61852

  Can a loosely typed programming language like PHP be really considered object oriented? I mean, the methods don't have returning types and method parameters has no declared type either. Doesn't class design require methods to have a return type? Don't methods signatures have specifically-typed parameters? How can OOP techniques help you code in PHP if you always have to check the types of parameters received because the language doesn't enforce types? Please, if I'm wrong, explain it to me. When you design things using UML, then code classes in PHP with no return-typed methods and no-type parameters... Is the code really compliant with the UML design? You spend time designing the architecture of your software, then the compiler doesn't force the programmer to follow your design while coding, letting he/she assign any object variable to any other variable with no "type-mismatch" warning.

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• LINQ weak relation between tables

  - by cleric

  I have two tables with a weak relation. I need get a text value from one table using a key from another. I am using the following C# LINQ code: City = rea.tRealEstateContact.tPostnumre != null ? rea.tRealEstateContact.tPostnumre.Bynavn : string.Empty But when the key cannot be found in the table 1(tPostnumre), an exception is thrown. How should I do this?

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• Project Performance Evaluation and Finding Weak Areas

  - by pramodc84

  I'm working in J2EE web project, which has lots of Java, SQL scripts, JS, AJAX stuff. Its been 5 years for project still running fine. I have assigned with work of performance evaluation on the project as there might be some memory usage issues, DB fetching logic delays and other similar weak performance areas. From where should I begin? Any best practices to make project better?

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• Swiz mandates weak encapsulation.

  - by Faisal

  I just started using Swiz, and, it seems like Swiz forces you to create classes with weak encapsulation. Swiz requires all event handlers to be public in order to mediate events. Assume that component 'A' dispatches a few events, which I want to listen to in component 'B'. Traditionally, I'll just add event listeners on 'A' in 'B' and all the event handlers in 'B' can be kept private. However, if, I am using Swiz, I need to make all the handlers, mediating events, public. Am I missing something here, is there a way to bypass this problem. I really, don't want to pollute the public interface of my class. Thanks.

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• Weak event handler model for use with lambdas

  - by Benjol

  OK, so this is more of an answer than a question, but after asking this question, and pulling together the various bits from Dustin Campbell, Egor, and also one last tip from the 'IObservable/Rx/Reactive framework', I think I've worked out a workable solution for this particular problem. It may be completely superseded by IObservable/Rx/Reactive framework, but only experience will show that. I've deliberately created a new question, to give me space to explain how I got to this solution, as it may not be immediately obvious. There are many related questions, most telling you you can't use inline lambdas if you want to be able to detach them later: Weak events in .Net? Unhooking events with lambdas in C# Can using lambdas as event handlers cause a memory leak? How to unsubscribe from an event which uses a lambda expression? Unsubscribe anonymous method in C# And it is true that if YOU want to be able to detach them later, you need to keep a reference to your lambda. However, if you just want the event handler to detach itself when your subscriber falls out of scope, this answer is for you.

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• C++: why a self pointer of a struct automatically changes to void*

  - by Stone

  struct ptr{ int node; ptr *next; ptr(){} ptr(int _node, ptr *_next){ node=_node; next=_next; } }; struct list_t{ ptr *sht; int size; void push(int node){ size++; sht=new ptr(node,sht); } }shthead[100001], comp[200001], tree[200001]; The struct ptr is a smart pointer, be used as a linked list. But when I debug the code in gdb, I found that the ptr*'s were all converted to void*. GDB output: (gdb) pt ptr type = struct ptr { int node; void *next; public: ptr(void); ptr(int, void *); } However, I can still see the data of the struct if I covert them back to ptr* in gdb. What's the reason for this please?

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• Testing a Non-blocking Queue

  - by jsw

  I've ported the non-blocking queue psuedocode here to C#. The code below is meant as a near verbatim copy of the paper. What approach would you take to test the implementation? Note: I'm running in VS2010 so I don't have CHESS support yet. using System.Threading; #pragma warning disable 0420 namespace ConcurrentCollections { class QueueNodePointer<T> { internal QueueNode<T> ptr; internal QueueNodePointer() : this(null) { } internal QueueNodePointer(QueueNode<T> ptr) { this.ptr = ptr; } } class QueueNode<T> { internal T value; internal QueueNodePointer<T> next; internal QueueNode() : this(default(T)) { } internal QueueNode(T value) { this.value = value; this.next = new QueueNodePointer<T>(); } } public class ConcurrentQueue<T> { private volatile int count = 0; private QueueNodePointer<T> qhead = new QueueNodePointer<T>(); private QueueNodePointer<T> qtail = new QueueNodePointer<T>(); public ConcurrentQueue() { var node = new QueueNode<T>(); node.next.ptr = null; this.qhead.ptr = this.qtail.ptr = node; } public int Count { get { return this.count; } } public void Enqueue(T value) { var node = new QueueNode<T>(value); node.next.ptr = null; QueueNodePointer<T> tail; QueueNodePointer<T> next; while (true) { tail = this.qtail; next = tail.ptr.next; if (tail == this.qtail) { if (next.ptr == null) { var newtail = new QueueNodePointer<T>(node); if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref tail.ptr.next, newtail, next) == next) { Interlocked.Increment(ref this.count); break; } else { Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this.qtail, new QueueNodePointer<T>(next.ptr), tail); } } } } Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this.qtail, new QueueNodePointer<T>(node), tail); } public T Dequeue() { T value; while (true) { var head = this.qhead; var tail = this.qtail; var next = head.ptr.next; if (head == this.qhead) { if (head.ptr == tail.ptr) { if (next.ptr == null) { return default(T); } Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this.qtail, new QueueNodePointer<T>(next.ptr), tail); } else { value = next.ptr.value; var newhead = new QueueNodePointer<T>(next.ptr); if (Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref this.qhead, newhead, head) == head) { Interlocked.Decrement(ref this.count); break; } } } } return value; } } } #pragma warning restore 0420

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• C problem, left of '->' must point to class/struct/union/generic type ??

  - by Patrick

  Hello! Trying to understand why this doesn't work. I keep getting the following errors: left of '-nextNode' must point to class/struct/union/generic type (Also all the lines with a - in the function new_math_struct) Header file #ifndef MSTRUCT_H #define MSTRUCT_H #define PLUS 0 #define MINUS 1 #define DIVIDE 2 #define MULTIPLY 3 #define NUMBER 4 typedef struct math_struct { int type_of_value; int value; int sum; int is_used; struct math_struct* nextNode; } ; typedef struct math_struct* math_struct_ptr; #endif C file int get_input(math_struct_ptr* startNode) { /* character, input by the user */ char input_ch; char* input_ptr; math_struct_ptr* ptr; math_struct_ptr* previousNode; input_ptr = &input_ch; previousNode = startNode; /* as long as input is not ok */ while (1) { input_ch = get_input_character(); if (input_ch == ',') // Carrage return return 1; else if (input_ch == '.') // Illegal character return 0; if (input_ch == '+') ptr = new_math_struct(PLUS, 0); else if (input_ch == '-') ptr = new_math_struct(MINUS, 0); else if (input_ch == '/') ptr = new_math_struct(DIVIDE, 0); else if (input_ch == '*') ptr = new_math_struct(MULTIPLY, 0); else ptr = new_math_struct(NUMBER, atoi(input_ptr)); if (startNode == NULL) { startNode = previousNode = ptr; } else { previousNode->nextNode = ptr; previousNode = ptr; } } return 0; } math_struct_ptr* new_math_struct(int symbol, int value) { math_struct_ptr* ptr; ptr = (math_struct_ptr*)malloc(sizeof(math_struct_ptr)); ptr->type_of_value = symbol; ptr->value = value; ptr->sum = 0; ptr->is_used = 0; return ptr; } char get_input_character() { /* character, input by the user */ char input_ch; /* get the character */ scanf("%c", &input_ch); if (input_ch == '+' || input_ch == '-' || input_ch == '*' || input_ch == '/' || input_ch == ')') return input_ch; // A special character else if (input_ch == '\n') return ','; // A carrage return else if (input_ch < '0' || input_ch > '9') return '.'; // Not a number else return input_ch; // Number } The header for the C file just contains a reference to the struct header and the definitions of the functions. Language C.

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• c# - can you make a "weak" assembly reference to a strong named assembly

  - by Tim

  hi, for various reasons i would rather not use strong named (signed) assemblies in my project. however, one of the projects is referenced by a sharepoint web part which means it must be signed. is it possible to have this assembly signed but when I reference it from other projects, to do so using a non-strong reference. this would give me the advantages of having a non-signed assembly for the rest of my code but still allow it to be loaded by sharepoint Tim

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• Castle Windsor Weak Typed Factory

  - by JeffN825

  In a very very limited number of scenarios, I need to go from an unknown Type (at compile time) to an instance of the object registered for that type. For the most part, I use typed factories and I know the type I want to resolve at compile time...so I inject a Func<IMyType> into a constructor ...but in these limited number of scenarios, in order to avoid a direct call to the container (and thus having to reference Windsor from the library, which is an anti-pattern I'd like to avoid), I need to inject a Func<Type,object>...which I want to internally container.Resolve(type) for the Type parameter of the Func. Does anyone have some suggestions on the easiest/most straightforward way of setting this up? I tried the following, but with this setup, I end up bypassing the regular TypedFactoryFacility altogether which is definitely not what I want: Kernel.Register(Component.For(typeof (Func<Type, object>)).LifeStyle.Singleton.UsingFactoryMethod( (kernel, componentModel, creationContext) => kernel.Resolve(/* not sure what to put here... */))); Thanks in advance for any assistance.

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• Same address, multiple shared_ptr counters, is it forbidden by C++ standard?

  - by icando

  Suppose I have some needs to do the following (This is just some imaginative code for discussion of the C++ standard, thus I won't discuss why I design it this way, so don't bother me something like: your design is wrong.) T* ptr = new T; shared_ptr<T> p(ptr); shared_ptr<T> q(ptr, SomeDeleterThatDoesnotDeleteButDoSomeOtherStuff()); Suppose the logic guarantees that p or some of its copies lives longer than any copies of q, so practically there won't be any problem. My question is, is it forbidden by C++ standard, e.g. explicitly stated as UB by C++ standard, that different shared_ptr counters share the same address? Thanks.

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• C++ static classes & shared_ptr memory leaks

  - by HardCoder1986

  Hello! I can't understand why does the following code produce memory leaks (I am using boost::shared_ptr with static class instance). Could someone help me? #include <crtdbg.h> #include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp> using boost::shared_ptr; #define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC #define NEW new(_NORMAL_BLOCK, __FILE__, __LINE__) static struct myclass { static shared_ptr<int> ptr; myclass() { ptr = shared_ptr<int>(NEW int); } } myclass_instance; shared_ptr<int> myclass::ptr; int main() { _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_ALLOC_MEM_DF | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF | _CRTDBG_CHECK_ALWAYS_DF | _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_REPORT_FLAG)); return 0; }

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• What is causing Null Pointer Exception in the following code in java? [migrated]

  - by Joe

  When I run the following code I get Null Pointer Exception. I cannot figure out why that is happening. Need Help. public class LinkedList<T> { private Link head = null; private int length = 0; public T get(int index) { return find(index).item; } public void set(int index, T item) { find(index).item = item; } public int length() { return length; } public void add(T item) { Link<T> ptr = head; if (ptr == null) { // empty list so append to head head = new Link<T>(item); } else { // non-empty list, so locate last link while (ptr.next != null) { ptr = ptr.next; } ptr.next = new Link<T>(item); } length++; // update length cache } // traverse list looking for link at index private Link<T> find(int index) { Link<T> ptr = head; int i = 0; while (i++ != index) { if(ptr!=null) { ptr = ptr.next; } } return ptr; } private static class Link<S> { public S item; public Link<S> next; public Link(S item) { this.item = item; } } public static void main(String[] args) { new LinkedList<String>().get(1); } }

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• Building a world matrix

  - by DeadMG

  When building a world projection matrix from scale, rotate, translate matrices, then the translation matrix must be the last in the process, right? Else you'll be scaling or rotating your translations. Do scale and rotate need to go in a specific order? Right now I've got std::for_each(objects.begin(), objects.end(), [&, this](D3D93DObject* ptr) { D3DXMATRIX WVP; D3DXMATRIX translation, rotationX, rotationY, rotationZ, scale; D3DXMatrixTranslation(&translation, ptr->position.x, ptr->position.y, ptr->position.z); D3DXMatrixRotationX(&rotationX, ptr->rotation.x); D3DXMatrixRotationY(&rotationY, ptr->rotation.y); D3DXMatrixRotationZ(&rotationZ, ptr->rotation.z); D3DXMatrixScaling(&translation, ptr->scale.x, ptr->scale.y, ptr->scale.z); WVP = rotationX * rotationY * rotationZ * scale * translation * ViewProjectionMatrix; });

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• How do I disable MEDIUM and WEAK/LOW strength ciphers in Apache + mod_ssl?

  - by superwormy

  A PCI Compliance scan has suggested that we disable Apache's MEDIUM and LOW/WEAK strength ciphers for security. Can someone tell me how to disable these ciphers? Apache v2.2.14 mod_ssl v2.2.14 This is what they've told us: Synopsis : The remote service supports the use of medium strength SSL ciphers. Description : The remote host supports the use of SSL ciphers that offer medium strength encryption, which we currently regard as those with key lengths at least 56 bits and less than 112 bits. Solution: Reconfigure the affected application if possible to avoid use of medium strength ciphers. Risk Factor: Medium / CVSS Base Score : 5.0 (CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N) [More] Synopsis : The remote service supports the use of weak SSL ciphers. Description : The remote host supports the use of SSL ciphers that offer either weak encryption or no encryption at all. See also : http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers .html Solution: Reconfigure the affected application if possible to avoid use of weak ciphers. Risk Factor: Medium / CVSS Base Score : 5.0 (CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N) [More]

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• Why is Visual Studio 2008 stuck in debug mode when compiling

  - by Mark

  I have a .NET project that for some reason gets stuck in debug mode. I've changed the compile mode from debug to release in the toolbar, but my project ends up in the debug directory anyway. Seems like VS is not updating the SLN file or something. Please help! The reason I am asking about this is because it seems that there are weak references "ENCList" clogging up memory when my program runs, and they seem to be created when .NET apps are compiled in debug (or so says other sources I've found online). -Mark

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• Why does by iPhone App cannot load NSURL when linked against iPhone OS SDK 4.0 and run on iPhone OS

  - by Tichel

  I have an iPhone App linked against iPhone SDK 4.0 but as deployment target I selected OS 3.1. When I start the application on my iPod touch running 3.1.3 I get an error that the class NSURL cannot be found: dyld: Symbol not found: _OBJC_CLASS_$_NSURL Referenced from: /var/mobile/Applications/21ECAA8E-8777-4020-82F5-56C510D0AEAE/myTracks4iPhoneOS.app/myTracks4iPhoneOS Expected in: /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation in /var/mobile/Applications/21ECAA8E-8777-4020-82F5-56C510D0AEAE/myTracks4iPhoneOS.app/myTracks4iPhoneOS Data Formatters temporarily unavailable, will re-try after a 'continue'. (Not safe to call dlopen at this time.) mi_cmd_stack_list_frames: Not enough frames in stack. mi_cmd_stack_list_frames: Not enough frames in stack. When I declare CoreFoundation as weak framework then I am able to start the App. But the class NSURL itself does not work. Any idea? Thanks, Dirk

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• weakref list in python

  - by Dan

  I'm in need of a list of weak references that deletes items when they die. Currently the only way I have of doing this is to keep flushing the list (removing dead references manually). I'm aware there's a WeakKeyDictionary and a WeakValueDictionary, but I'm really after a WeakList, is there a way of doing this? Here's an example: import weakref class A(object): def __init__(self): pass class B(object): def __init__(self): self._references = [] def addReference(self, obj): self._references.append(weakref.ref(obj)) def flush(self): toRemove = [] for ref in self._references: if ref() is None: toRemove.append(ref) for item in toRemove: self._references.remove(item) b = B() a1 = A() b.addReference(a1) a2 = A() b.addReference(a2) del a1 b.flush() del a2 b.flush()

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• How does the Garbage Collector decide when to kill objects held by WeakReferences?

  - by Kennet Belenky

  I have an object, which I believe is held only by a WeakReference. I've traced its reference holders using SOS and SOSEX, and both confirm that this is the case (I'm not an SOS expert, so I could be wrong on this point). The standard explanation of WeakReferences is that the GC ignores them when doing its sweeps. Nonetheless, my object survives an invocation to GC.Collect(GC.MaxGeneration, GCCollectionMode.Forced). Is it possible for an object that is only referenced with a WeakReference to survive that collection? Is there an even more thorough collection that I can force? Or, should I re-visit my belief that the only references to the object are weak?

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• Can a conforming C# compiler optimize away a local (but unused) variable if it is the only strong re

  - by stakx

  The title says it all, but let me explain: void Case_1() { var weakRef = new WeakReference(new object()); GC.Collect(); // <-- doesn't have to be an explicit call; just assume that // garbage collection would occur at this point. if (weakRef.IsAlive) ... } In this code example, I obviously have to plan for the possibility that the new'ed object is reclaimed by the garbage collector; therefore the if statement. (Note that I'm using weakRef for the sole purpose of checking if the new'ed object is still around.) void Case_2() { var unusedLocalVar = new object(); var weakRef = new WeakReference(unusedLocalVar); GC.Collect(); // <-- doesn't have to be an explicit call; just assume that // garbage collection would occur at this point. Debug.Assert(weakReferenceToUseless.IsAlive); } The main change in this code example from the previous one is that the new'ed object is strongly referenced by a local variable (unusedLocalVar). However, this variable is never used again after the weak reference (weakRef) has been created. Question: Is a conforming C# compiler allowed to optimize the first two lines of Case_2 into those of Case_1 if it sees that unusedLocalVar is only used in one place, namely as an argument to the WeakReference constructor? i.e. is there any possibility that the assertion in Case_2 could ever fail?

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• Need some help deciphering a line of assembler code, from .NET JITted code

  - by Lasse V. Karlsen

  In a C# constructor, that ends up with a call to this(...), the actual call gets translated to this: 0000003d call dword ptr ds:[199B88E8h] What is the DS register contents here? I know it's the data-segment, but is this call through a VMT-table or similar? I doubt it though, since this(...) wouldn't be a call to a virtual method, just another constructor. I ask because the value at that location seems to be bad in some way, if I hit F11, trace into (Visual Studio 2008), on that call-instruction, the program crashes with an access violation. The code is deep inside a 3rd party control library, where, though I have the source code, I don't have the assemblies compiled with enough debug information that I can trace it through C# code, only through the disassembler, and then I have to match that back to the actual code. The C# code in question is this: public AxisRangeData(AxisRange range) : this(range, range.Axis) { } Reflector shows me this IL code: .maxstack 8 L_0000: ldarg.0 L_0001: ldarg.1 L_0002: ldarg.1 L_0003: callvirt instance class DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisBase DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisRange::get_Axis() L_0008: call instance void DevExpress.XtraCharts.Native.AxisRangeData::.ctor(class DevExpress.XtraCharts.ChartElement, class DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisBase) L_000d: ret It's that last call there, to the other constructor of the same class, that fails. The debugger never surfaces inside the other method, it just crashes. The disassembly for the method after JITting is this: 00000000 push ebp 00000001 mov ebp,esp 00000003 sub esp,14h 00000006 mov dword ptr [ebp-4],ecx 00000009 mov dword ptr [ebp-8],edx 0000000c cmp dword ptr ds:[18890E24h],0 00000013 je 0000001A 00000015 call 61843511 0000001a mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-4] 0000001d mov dword ptr [ebp-0Ch],eax 00000020 mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-8] 00000023 mov dword ptr [ebp-10h],eax 00000026 mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-8] 00000029 cmp dword ptr [ecx],ecx 0000002b call dword ptr ds:[1889D0DCh] // range.Axis 00000031 mov dword ptr [ebp-14h],eax 00000034 push dword ptr [ebp-14h] 00000037 mov edx,dword ptr [ebp-10h] 0000003a mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-0Ch] 0000003d call dword ptr ds:[199B88E8h] // this(range, range.Axis)? 00000043 nop 00000044 mov esp,ebp 00000046 pop ebp 00000047 ret Basically what I'm asking is this: What the purpose of the ds:[ADDR] indirection here? VMT-table is only for virtual isn't it? and this is constructor Could the constructor have yet to be JITted, which could mean that the call would actually call through a JIT shim? I'm afraid I'm in deep water here, so anything might and could help. Edit: Well, the problem just got worse, or better, or whatever. We are developing the .NET feature in a C# project in a Visual Studio 2008 solution, and debugging and developing through Visual Studio. However, in the end, this code will be loaded into a .NET runtime hosted by a Win32 Delphi application. In order to facilitate easy experimentation of such features, we can also configure the Visual Studio project/solution/debugger to copy the produced dll's to the Delphi app's directory, and then execute the Delphi app, through the Visual Studio debugger. Turns out, the problem goes away if I run the program outside of the debugger, but during debugging, it crops up, every time. Not sure that helps, but since the code isn't slated for production release for another 6 months or so, then it takes some of the pressure off of it for the test release that we have soon. I'll dive into the memory parts later, but probably not until over the weekend, and post a followup.

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• Lifetime issue of IDisposable unmanaged resources in a complex object graph?

  - by stakx

  This question is about dealing with unmanaged resources (COM interop) and making sure there won't be any resource leaks. I'd appreciate feedback on whether I seem to do things the right way. Background: Let's say I've got two classes: A class LimitedComResource which is a wrapper around a COM object (received via some API). There can only be a limited number of those COM objects, therefore my class implements the IDisposable interface which will be responsible for releasing a COM object when it's no longer needed. Objects of another type ManagedObject are temporarily created to perform some work on a LimitedComResource. They are not IDisposable. To summarize the above in a diagram, my classes might look like this: +---------------+ +--------------------+ | ManagedObject | <>------> | LimitedComResource | +---------------+ +--------------------+ | o IDisposable (I'll provide example code for these two classes in just a moment.) Question: Since my temporary ManagedObject objects are not disposable, I obviously have no control over how long they'll be around. However, in the meantime I might have Disposed the LimitedComObject that a ManagedObject is referring to. How can I make sure that a ManagedObject won't access a LimitedComResource that's no longer there? +---------------+ +--------------------+ | managedObject | <>------> | (dead object) | +---------------+ +--------------------+ I've currently implemented this with a mix of weak references and a flag in LimitedResource which signals whether an object has already been disposed. Is there any better way? Example code (what I've currently got): LimitedComResource: class LimitedComResource : IDisposable { private readonly IUnknown comObject; // <-- set in constructor ... void Dispose(bool notFromFinalizer) { if (!this.isDisposed) { Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(comObject); } this.isDisposed = true; } internal bool isDisposed = false; } ManagedObject: class ManagedObject { private readonly WeakReference limitedComResource; // <-- set in constructor ... public void DoSomeWork() { if (!limitedComResource.IsAlive()) { throw new ObjectDisposedException(); // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ // is there a more suitable exception class? } var ur = (LimitedComResource)limitedComResource.Target; if (ur.isDisposed) { throw new ObjectDisposedException(); } ... // <-- do something sensible here! } }

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• Instance caching in Objective C

  - by zoul

  Hello! I want to cache the instances of a certain class. The class keeps a dictionary of all its instances and when somebody requests a new instance, the class tries to satisfy the request from the cache first. There is a small problem with memory management though: The dictionary cache retains the inserted objects, so that they never get deallocated. I do want them to get deallocated, so that I had to overload the release method and when the retain count drops to one, I can remove the instance from cache and let it get deallocated. This works, but I am not comfortable mucking around the release method and find the solution overly complicated. I thought I could use some hashing class that does not retain the objects it stores. Is there such? The idea is that when the last user of a certain instance releases it, the instance would automatically disappear from the cache. NSHashTable seems to be what I am looking for, but the documentation talks about “supporting weak relationships in a garbage-collected environment.” Does it also work without garbage collection? Clarification: I cannot afford to keep the instances in memory unless somebody really needs them, that is why I want to purge the instance from the cache when the last “real” user releases it. Better solution: This was on the iPhone, I wanted to cache some textures and on the other hand I wanted to free them from memory as soon as the last real holder released them. The easier way to code this is through another class (let’s call it TextureManager). This class manages the texture instances and caches them, so that subsequent calls for texture with the same name are served from the cache. There is no need to purge the cache immediately as the last user releases the texture. We can simply keep the texture cached in memory and when the device gets short on memory, we receive the low memory warning and can purge the cache. This is a better solution, because the caching stuff does not pollute the Texture class, we do not have to mess with release and there is even a higher chance for cache hits. The TextureManager can be abstracted into a ResourceManager, so that it can cache other data, not only textures.

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