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• Architecting persistence (and other internal systems). Interfaces, composition, pure inheritance or centralization?

  - by Vandell

  Suppose that you need to implement persistence, I think that you're generally limited to four options (correct me if I'm wrong, please) Each persistant class: Should implement an interface (IPersistent) Contains a 'persist-me' object that is a specialized object (or class) that's made only to be used the class that contains it. Inherit from Persistent (a base class) Or you can create a gigantic class (or package) called Database and make your persistence logic there. What are the advantages and problems that can come from each of one? In a small (5kloc) and algorithmically (or organisationally) simple app what is probably the best option?

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• What's beyond c,c++ and data structure?

  - by sagacious

  I have learnt c and c++ programming languages.i have learnt data structure too. Now i'm confused what to do next?my aim is to be a good programmer. i want to go deeper into the field of programming and making the practical applications of what i have learnt. So,the question takes the form-what to do next?Or is there any site where i can see advantage of every language with it's features? sorry,if there's any language error and thanks in advance.

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• Copying specific subfolders with directory structure to a new folder

  - by Shan

  I have the following directory structure: Main_Dir | ------------------------------ Subdir1 Subdir2 Subdir3 | | | ----------- ---------- --------- | | | | | | | | | fo1 fo2 f03 fo1 fo2 f03 fo1 fo2 f03 I want to copy all the subdirectories (Subdir1, Subdir2, Subdir3) to a new folder. But how would I only copy fo1 and fo2 folders to the new place?

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• What is the better design decision approach?

  - by palm snow

  I have two classes (MyFoo1 and MyFoo2) that share some common functionality. So far it does not seem like I need any polymorphic inheritence but at this point I am considering the following options: Have the common functionality in a utility class. Both of these classes call these methods from that utility class. Have an abstract class and implement common methods in that abstract class. Then derive MyFoo1 and MyFoo2 from that abstract class. Any suggestion on what would be a better design decision?

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• Harness the Power of Sitemaps to Solidify Your Website's Structure

  Nothing frustrates an online user more than browsing through a website which takes ages to load, or one that looks cluttered and disorganized. Rather than painstakingly going through the pages of your site to find the information that they are looking for, they would much rather leave and look for another site which is quicker to load and is more user-friendly. This is precisely the reason why as a website owner, you need to make sure that your site has a solid structure.

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• Am I trying to Implement Multiple Inheritance. How can I do this.

  - by Shantanu Gupta

  I have created a class say A which has some functions defined as protected. Now Class B inherits A and class C inherits B. Class A has private default constructor and protected parameterized constructor. I want Class B to be able to access all the protected functions defined in Class A but class C can have access on some of the functions only not all the functions and class C is inheriting class B. How can I restrict access to some of the functions of Class A from Class C ? EDIT: namespace Db { public Class A { private A(){} protected A(string con){assign this value} protected DataTable getTable(){return Table;} protected Sqlparameters setParameters(){return parameter;} } } namespace Data { public Class B:A { protected B():base("constring"){} protected DataTable output(){return getTable();} protected sqlparameter values(param IDataParameter[] parameter){} } } namespace Bsns { public Class C:B { protected C():base(){} protected DataTable show() {return values(setparameter());} } } EDIT I think what I am trying to do here is Multiple inheritance. Please check. Class A { //suppose 10 functions are declared } Class B:A { //5 functions declared which are using A's function in internal body } Class C:B { //using all functions of B but require only 4 functions of A to be accessible by C. }

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• Better code for accessing fields in a matlab structure array?

  - by John

  I have a matlab structure array Modles1 of size (1x180) that has fields a, b, c, ..., z. I want to understand how many distinct values there are in each of the fields. i.e. max(grp2idx([foo(:).a])) The above works if the field a is a double. {foo(:).a} needs to be used in the case where the field a is a string/char. Here's my current code for doing this. I hate having to use the eval, and what is essentially a switch statement. Is there a better way? names = fieldnames(Models1); for ix = 1 : numel(names) className = eval(['class(Models1(1).',names{ix},')']); if strcmp('double', className) || strcmp('logical',className) eval([' values = [Models1(:).',names{ix},'];']); elseif strcmp('char', className) eval([' values = {Models1(:).',names{ix},'};']); else disp(['Unrecognized class: ', className]); end % this line requires the statistics toolbox. [g, gn, gl] = grp2idx(values); fprintf('%30s : %4d\n',names{ix},max(g)); end

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• Copy Structure To Another Program

  - by Steven

  Long story, long: I am adding a web interface (ASPX.NET: VB) to a data acquisition system developed with LabVIEW which outputs raw data files. These raw data files are the binary representation of a LabVIEW cluster (essentially a structure). LabVIEW provides functions to instantiate a class or structure or call a method defined in a .NET DLL file. I plan to create a DLL file containing a structure definition and a class with methods to transfer the structure. When the webpage requests data, it would call a LabVIEW executable with a filename parameter. The LabVIEW code would instantiate the structure, populate the structure from the data file, then call the method to transfer the data back to the website. Long story, short: How do you recommend I transfer (copy) an instance of a structure from one .NET program to a VB.NET program? Ideas considered: sockets, temp file, xml file, config file, web services, CSV, some type of serialization, shared memory

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• Empty Structures compile in VB 10+

  - by Mark Hurd

  This is at least a documentation error, if not a bug. In VB.NET prior to .NET 4.0 (i.e. VB.NET 7 through 9) an empty Structure declaration fails at compile-time with error BC30281: Structure 'MySimpleEmpty' must contain at least one instance member variable or Event declaration. E.g. The following two structures compile successfully in VB10, and not prior: Structure MySimpleEmpty End Structure Public Structure AnotherEmpty Public Const StillEmpty As Boolean = True End Structure I note the documentation for the Error BC30281 stops at VB9, but the documentation for the Structure statement still has the datamemberdeclarations as required even as of VB11 (.NET 4.5 VS2012). These two Structures compile in VB11 (VS2012) as well. (Thanks John Woo.) Is there some blog entry or documentation confirming this is an intended change or a bug in VB10 and later?

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• How the existing data to be if entity structure modified or deleted on GAE?

  - by Eonil

  GAE recommends using JDO/JPA. But I have serious question about using OODB like them. JDO based on user's class structure. And data structure should be modified continually as service advances. So, If data(entity) class property being removed, what happened to existing data on the property? If data(entity) class renamed for refactoring reason, how the JDO know those renaming? Or all data loss? Major point is "How JDO/GAE/BigTable applies modification of class into existing entity structure and data?".

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• How to remove an item from a structure array in C++?

  - by Antik

  I have the following array structure (linked list): struct str_pair { char ip [50] ; char uri [50] ; str_pair *next ; } ; str_pair *item; I know to create a new item, I need to use item = new str_pair; However, I need to be able to loop through the array and delete a particular item. I have the looping part sorted. But how do I delete an item from an array of structures?

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• Class<T> and static method Class.forName() drive me crazy.

  - by matt

  Hi, this code doesn't compile. I'm wondering what I am doing wrong: private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(s); Importable i = c.newInstance(); return i; } where Importable is an interface and the string s is the name of an implementing class. The compiler says: ./Importer.java:33: incompatible types found : java.lang.Class<capture#964 of ?> required: java.lang.Class<Importable> Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(format(s)); thanks for any help! All the solutions Class<? extends Importable> c = Class.forName(s).asSubclass(Importable.class); and Class<? extends Importable> c = (Class<? extends Importable>) Class.forName(s); and Class<?> c = Class.forName(format(s)); Importable i = (Importable)c.newInstance(); give this error: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class C1 has interface Importable as super class where C1 is effectively a class implementing Importable, one of those i want to cast to Importable.

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• Which of these design patterns is superior?

  - by durron597

  I find I tend to design class structures where several subclasses have nearly identical functionality, but one piece of it is different. So I write nearly all the code in the abstract class, and then create several subclasses to do the one different thing. Does this pattern have a name? Is this the best way for this sort of scenario? Option 1: public interface TaxCalc { String calcTaxes(); } public abstract class AbstractTaxCalc implements TaxCalc { // most constructors and fields are here public double calcTaxes(UserFinancials data) { // code double diffNumber = getNumber(data); // more code } abstract protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data); protected double initialTaxes(double grossIncome) { // code return initialNumber; } } public class SimpleTaxCalc extends AbstractCalc { protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data) { double temp = intialCalc(data.getGrossIncome()); // do other stuff return temp; } } public class FancyTaxCalc extends AbstractTaxCalc { protected double getNumber(UserFinancials data) { int temp = initialCalc(data.getGrossIncome()); // Do fancier math return temp; } } Option 2: This version is more like the Strategy pattern, and should be able to do essentially the same sorts of tasks. public class TaxCalcImpl implements TaxCalc { private final TaxMath worker; public DummyImpl(TaxMath worker) { this.worker = worker; } public double calcTaxes(UserFinancials data) { // code double analyzedDouble = initialNumber; int diffNumber = worker.getNumber(data, initialNumber); // more code } protected int initialTaxes(double grossIncome) { // code return initialNumber; } } public interface TaxMath { double getNumber(UserFinancials data, double initial); } Then I could do: TaxCalc dum = new TaxCalcImpl(new TaxMath() { @Override public double getNumber(UserFinancials data, double initial) { double temp = data.getGrossIncome(); // do math return temp; }); And I could make specific implementations of TaxMath for things I use a lot, or I could make a stateless singleton for certain kinds of workers I use a lot. So the question I'm asking is: Which of these patterns is superior, when, and why? Or, alternately, is there an even better third option?

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• C#&ndash;Using a delegate to raise an event from one class to another

  - by Bill Osuch

  Even though this may be a relatively common task for many people, I’ve had to show it to enough new developers that I figured I’d immortalize it… MSDN says “Events enable a class or object to notify other classes or objects when something of interest occurs. The class that sends (or raises) the event is called the publisher and the classes that receive (or handle) the event are called subscribers.” Any time you add a button to a Windows Form or Web app, you can subscribe to the OnClick event, and you can also create your own event handlers to pass events between classes. Here I’ll show you how to raise an event from a separate class to a console application (or Windows Form). First, create a console app project (you could create a Windows Form, but this is easier for this demo). Add a class file called MyEvent.cs (it doesn’t really need to be a separate file, this is just for clarity) with the following code: public delegate void MyHandler1(object sender, MyEvent e); public class MyEvent : EventArgs {     public string message; } Your event can have whatever public properties you like; here we’re just got a single string. Next, add a class file called WorkerDLL.cs; this will simulate the class that would be doing all the work in the project. Add the following code: class WorkerDLL {     public event MyHandler1 Event1;     public WorkerDLL()     {     }     public void DoWork()     {         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 1");         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 5");         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 10");     }     private void FireEvent(string message)     {         MyEvent e1 = new MyEvent();         e1.message = message;         if (Event1 != null)         {             Event1(this, e1);         }         e1 = null;     } } Notice that the FireEvent method creates an instance of the MyEvent class and passes it to the Event1 handler (which we’ll create in just a second). Finally, add the following code to Program.cs: static void Main(string[] args) {     Program p = new Program(args); } public Program(string[] args) {     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Creating DLL");     WorkerDLL wd = new WorkerDLL();     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Wiring up event handler");     WireEventHandlers(wd);     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Doing the work");     wd.DoWork();     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Done - press any key to finish.");     Console.ReadLine(); } private void WireEventHandlers(WorkerDLL wd) {     MyHandler1 handler = new MyHandler1(OnHandler1);     wd.Event1 += handler; } public void OnHandler1(object sender, MyEvent e) {     Console.WriteLine(e.message); } The OnHandler1 method is called any time the event handler “hears” an event matching the specified signature – you could have it log to a file, write to a database, etc. Run the app in debug mode and you should see output like this: You can distinctly see which lines were written by the console application itself (Program.cs) and which were written by the worker class (WorkerDLL.cs). Technorati Tags: Csharp

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• How can I implement an abstract singleton class in Java?

  - by Simon

  Here is my sample abstract singleton class: public abstract class A { protected static A instance; public static A getInstance() { return instance; } //...rest of my abstract methods... } And here is the concrete implementation: public class B extends A { private B() { } static { instance = new B(); } //...implementations of my abstract methods... } Unfortunately I can't get the static code in class B to execute, so the instance variable never gets set. I have tried this: Class c = B.class; A.getInstance() - returns null; and this ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().loadClass("B"); A.getInstance() - return null; Running both these in the eclipse debugger the static code never gets executed. The only way I could find to get the static code executed is to change the accessibility on B's constructor to public, and to call it. I'm using sun-java6-jre on Ubuntu 32bit to run these tests.

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• How to get table cells evenly spaced?

  - by DaveDev

  I'm trying to create a page with a number of static html tables on them. What do I need to do to get them to display each column the same size as each other column in the table? The HTML is as follows: <span class="Emphasis">Interest rates</span><br /> <table cellpadding="0px" cellspacing="0px" class="PerformanceTable"> <tr><th class="TableHeader"></th><th class="TableHeader">Current rate as at 31 March 2010</th><th class="TableHeader">31 December 2009</th><th class="TableHeader">31 March 2009</th></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>Index1</td><td class="PerformanceCell">1.00%</td><td>1.00%</td><td>1.50%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index2</td><td class="PerformanceCell">0.50%</td><td>0.50%</td><td>0.50%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index3</td><td class="PerformanceCell">0.25%</td><td>0.25%</td><td>0.25%</td></tr> </table> <span>Source: Bt</span><br /><br /> <span class="Emphasis">Stock markets</span><br /> <table cellpadding="0px" cellspacing="0px" class="PerformanceTable"> <tr><th class="TableHeader"></th><th class="TableHeader">As at 31 March 2010</th><th class="TableHeader">1 month change</th><th class="TableHeader">QTD change</th><th class="TableHeader">12 months change</th></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index1</td><td class="PerformanceCell">1169.43</td><td class="PerformanceCell">5.88%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">4.87%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">46.57%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index2</td><td class="PerformanceCell">1958.34</td><td class="PerformanceCell">7.68%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">5.27%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">58.31%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index3</td><td class="PerformanceCell">5679.64</td><td class="PerformanceCell">6.07%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">4.93%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">44.66%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index4</td><td class="PerformanceCell">2943.92</td><td class="PerformanceCell">8.30%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">-0.98%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">44.52%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index5</td><td class="PerformanceCell">978.81</td><td class="PerformanceCell">9.47%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">7.85%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">26.52%</td></tr> <tr class="TableRow"><td>index6</td><td class="PerformanceCell">3177.77</td><td class="PerformanceCell">10.58%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">6.82%</td><td class="PerformanceCell">44.84%</td></tr> </table> <span>Source: B</span><br /><br /> I'm also open to suggestion on how to tidy this up, if there are any? :-)

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• Redefine folder structure of document library with metadata

  - by Sachin

  Hi all, I have a problem in my sharepoint document library structure. Currently the document library consiste of folder sub-folder structure to store a document categorywise. Now our client want to redefine this folder structure with a metadata structure. Can any one tell me how can I use metadata instade of folder sub folder structure..? any related articles or links will be appriciated. Thanks Sachin

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• How do i use findAll method with a class in Doctrine?

  - by terrani

  Hi, I am a little bit confused with Doctrine class. I created a class and its base class in Doctrine. The class's name is User. so..I created an object of class User. $oUser = new User(); when I try to use findAll method, it does not work. I found the following code on the doctrine documentation. Doctrine_Core::getTable('User')-findAll(); I don't understand why i need to call getTable to use findAll method when I have User class. Am I missing something?

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• Passing an instantiated class to concrete class derived by Castle Windsor

  - by Tr1stan

  I have a system that I'm using to test some new architecture. I have the following setup (In MVC2 .Net - C Sharp): View < Controller < Service < Repository < DB I'm using Castle Windsor as my DI (IoC) controller, and this is working just fine in both the Service and Repo layers. However, I'm now at a point where I would like to pass an Entity Framework (DatabaseNameEntity) to the constructor to the Service, and then to the Repo, so that I have something similar to a Unit of Work pattern per request (This feels like what I'm trying to achieve anyway) - and I'm having trouble working out how this can be done using Castle Windsor. Am I going off on a silly tangent? Any pointers appreciated.

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• ZipArchive php Class, would this be the best approach??

  - by SoLoGHoST

  Ok, just wondering on the versions of PHP that this class is built into. And if they are built into all platforms (OS's). I'm wanting an approach to search through a zip file and place files using file_put_contents in different filepaths within the webroot. In any case, I'm familiar with how to do this with the ZipArchive class, but I'm wondering if using this class would be a good solution and support MOST, if not ALL servers?? I mean, I'd rather not use a method that requires the Server to have it installed. I'm looking for a solution to this that will support at least MOST servers without having to install the class... Thanks :) Also, I'd like to support opening tar.gz and/or .tgz files if possible, but I don't think the ZipArchive class supports this, but perhaps a different built-in php class does??

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• ZipArchive php Class - Is it built-in to PHP?

  - by SoLoGHoST

  Ok, just wondering on the versions of PHP that this class is built into. And if they are built into all platforms (OS's). I'm wanting an approach to search through a zip file and place files using file_put_contents in different filepaths within the webroot. In any case, I'm familiar with how to do this with the ZipArchive class, but I'm wondering if using this class would be a good solution and support MOST, if not ALL servers?? I mean, I'd rather not use a method that requires the Server to have it installed. I'm looking for a solution to this that will support at least MOST servers without having to install the class... Thanks :) Also, I'd like to support opening tar.gz and/or .tgz files if possible, but I don't think the ZipArchive class supports this, but perhaps a different built-in php class does??

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• Java class Class<T> and static method Class.forName() drive me crazy.

  - by matt

  Hi, this code doesn't compile. i'm wandering what i am doing wrong: private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(s); Importable i = c.newInstance(); return i; } where Importable is an interface and the string s is the name of an implementing class. The compiler says: ./Importer.java:33: incompatible types found : java.lang.Class<capture#964 of ?> required: java.lang.Class<Importable> Class<Importable> c = Class.forName(format(s)); thanks for any help!

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• how to specify which child class this object belong to after retrieving from a hashmap?

  - by chandra wibowo

  hi everyone, i have a parent class called Course, and two child class PostgradCourse and UndergradCourse. i have a hashmap HashMap courses; i store all the postgradCourse and undergradCourse objects in the hashmap. i want to retrieve an undergradCourse object from the hashmap using the key. Course course = courses.get(courseCode); then i want to call a method in the UndergradCourse class, setUnits() method course.setUnits(); but the compiler say cannot find symbol- method setUnit() im pretty sure the problem is the compiler is looking for a method setUnit() in the Course class instead of UndergradCourse class i did this but its not working UndergradCourse course = courses.get(courseCode); results in incompatible type so how can i retrieve undergradCourse object from the hashmap as an undergradCourse object instead of course object? so then i can call a method inside the child class thanks in advance

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• How to copy a directory structure but only include certain files (using windows batch files)

  - by Martin

  As the title says, how can I recursively copy a directory structure but only include some files. E.g given the following directory structure: folder1 folder2 folder3 data.zip info.txt abc.xyz folder4 folder5 data.zip somefile.exe someotherfile.dll The files data.zip and info.txt can appear everywhere in the directory structure. How can I copy the full directory structure, but only include files named data.zip and info.txt (all other files should be ignored)? The resulting directory structure should look like this: copy_of_folder1 folder2 folder3 data.zip info.txt folder4 folder5 data.zip

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• Why isn't this simple test class's method inherited in Ruby?

  - by Kevin Bannister

  Consider this very simple logging class: class MockLog def self.log_stub_method(*args) args.each do |a| define_method "#{a}" do |msg| t = Time.now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") $stderr.puts "[#{a.upcase}] \u00bb [#{t}] #{msg}" end end end log_stub_method :fatal, :error, :warn, :info, :debug end Let's add logging to all our classes: class Module def has_logging() class_eval { @log = MockLog.new def log self.class.instance_variable_get :@log end } end end Now, why doesn't this work? class Foo has_logging end Foo.new.log.nil? # => false, as expected class Bar < Foo end Bar.new.log.nil? # => true?! Why wasn't the `log` method inherited?

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