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• Is a Single Texture Cube Map Possible?

  - by smoth190

  I'm currently developing a test project to explore OpenGL 3 texturing abilities. I have a simple cube, made of 8 vertices and 36 indices. I want each of the cubes faces to have a different texture, so I devised this texture: I made it obvious which sections I want visible (I hope...). In Direct3D, I once made a skybox, and I used a cubemap. However, I had to split it into 6 different textures. This is annoying and hard to manage, it would be nice to have just one texture. Is this even possible? I read somewhere that I could do this by duplicating vertices, is that a good idea? Someone else said I could do it in the shader, but that also baffles me...

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• Trying to figure out SDL pixel manipulation?

  - by NoobScratcher

  Hello so I've found code that plots a pixel in an SDL Screen Surface : void putpixels(int x, int y, int color) { unsigned int *ptr = (unsigned int*)Screen->pixels; int lineoffset = y * (Screen->pitch / 4 ); ptr[lineoffset + x ] = color; } But I have no idea what its actually doing here this is my thoughts. You make an unsigned integer to hold the unsigned int version of pixels then you make another integer to hold the line offset and it equals to multiply by pitch which is then divided by 4 ... Now why am I dividing it by 4 and what is the pitch and why do I multiply it?? Why must I change the lineoffset and add it to the x value then equal it to colors? I'm soo confused.. ;/ I found this function here - http://sol.gfxile.net/gp/ch02.html

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• Android : glowing/pulsing line/triangle

  - by AndroidGecko

  I would like to create a simple Android app using Opengl ES 2.0 that is showing a simple shape (like line or triangle) that is glowing and pulsing like Nexus X logo in this video : http://youtu.be/jBKVAfZUFqI?t=59s What should I look for? So far I googled around for glowing effects and found techniques like "bloom" or "additive blending". Are they relevant here? how I would implement pulsing glow with them? Any links to relevant works very appreciated Thanks! P.S - I am very familiar with Android SDK; just started with OpenGL ES

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• Masking OpenGL texture by a pattern

  - by user1304844

  Tiled terrain. User wants to build a structure. He presses build and for each tile there is an "allow" or "disallow" tile sprite added to the scene. FPS drops right away, since there are 600+ tiles added to the screen. Since map equals screen, there is no scrolling. I came to an idea to make an allow grid covering the whole map and mask the disallow fields. Approach 1: Create allow and disallow grid textures. Draw a polygon on screen. Pass both textures to the fragment shader. Determine the position inside the polygon and use color from allowTexture if the fragment belongs to the allow field, disallow otherwise Problem: How do I know if I'm on the field that isn't allowed if I cannot pass the matrix representing the map (enum FieldStatus[][] (Allow / Disallow)) to the shader? Therefore, inside the shader I don't know which fragments should be masked. Approach 2: Create allow texture. Create an empty texture buffer same size as the allow texture Memset the pixels of the empty texture to desired color for each pixel that doesn't allow building. Draw a polygon on screen. Pass both textures to the fragment shader. Use texture2 color if alpha 0, texture1 color otherwise. Problem: I'm not sure what is the right way to manipulate pixels on a texture. Do I just make a buffer with width*height*4 size and memcpy the color[] to desired coordinates or is there anything else to it? Would I have to call glTexImage2D after every change to the texture? Another problem with this approach is that it takes a lot more work to get a prettier effect since I'm manipulating the color pixels instead of just masking two textures. varying vec2 TexCoordOut; uniform sampler2D Texture1; uniform sampler2D Texture2; void main(void){ vec4 allowColor = texture2D(Texture1, TexCoordOut); vec4 disallowColor = texture2D(Texture2, TexCoordOut); if(disallowColor.a > 0){ gl_FragColor= disallowColor; }else{ gl_FragColor= allowColor; }} I'm working with OpenGL on Windows. Any other suggestion is welcome.

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• Xna GS 4 Animation Sample bone transforms not copying correctly

  - by annonymously

  I have a person model that is animated and a suitcase model that is not. The person can pick up the suitcase and it should move to the location of the hand bone of the person model. Unfortunately the suitcase doesn't follow the animation correctly. it moves with the hand's animation but its position is under the ground and way too far to the right. I haven't scaled any of the models myself. Thank you. The source code (forgive the rough prototype code): Matrix[] tran = new Matrix[man.model.Bones.Count];// The absolute transforms from the animation player man.model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(tran); Vector3 suitcasePos, suitcaseScale, tempSuitcasePos = new Vector3();// Place holders for the Matrix Decompose Quaternion suitcaseRot = new Quaternion(); // The transformation of the right hand bone is decomposed tran[man.model.Bones["HPF_RightHand"].Index].Decompose(out suitcaseScale, out suitcaseRot, out tempSuitcasePos); suitcasePos = new Vector3(); suitcasePos.X = tempSuitcasePos.Z;// The axes are inverted for some reason suitcasePos.Y = -tempSuitcasePos.Y; suitcasePos.Z = -tempSuitcasePos.X; suitcase.Position = man.Position + suitcasePos;// The actual Suitcase properties suitcase.Rotation = man.Rotation + new Vector3(suitcaseRot.X, suitcaseRot.Y, suitcaseRot.Z); I am also copying the bone transforms from the animation player in the Person class like so: // The transformations from the AnimationPlayer Matrix[] skinTrans = new Matrix[model.Bones.Count]; skinTrans = player.GetBoneTransforms(); // copy each transformation to its corresponding bone for (int i = 0; i < skinTrans.Length; i++) { model.Bones[i].Transform = skinTrans[i]; }

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• Octree subdivision problem

  - by ChaosDev

  Im creating octree manually and want function for effectively divide all nodes and their subnodes - For example - I press button and subnodes divided - press again - all subnodes divided again. Must be like - 1 - 8 - 64. The problem is - i dont understand how organize recursive loops for that. OctreeNode in my unoptimized implementation contain pointers to subnodes(childs),parent,extra vector(contains dublicates of child),generation info and lots of information for drawing. class gOctreeNode { //necessary fields gOctreeNode* FrontBottomLeftNode; gOctreeNode* FrontBottomRightNode; gOctreeNode* FrontTopLeftNode; gOctreeNode* FrontTopRightNode; gOctreeNode* BackBottomLeftNode; gOctreeNode* BackBottomRightNode; gOctreeNode* BackTopLeftNode; gOctreeNode* BackTopRightNode; gOctreeNode* mParentNode; std::vector<gOctreeNode*> m_ChildsVector; UINT mGeneration; bool mSplitted; bool isSplitted(){return m_Splitted;} .... //unnecessary fields }; DivideNode of Octree class fill these fields, set mSplitted to true, and prepare for correctly drawing. Octree contains basic nodes(m_nodes). Basic node can be divided, but now I want recursivly divide already divided basic node with 8 subnodes. So I write this function. void DivideAllChildCells(int ix,int ih,int id) { std::vector<gOctreeNode*> nlist; std::vector<gOctreeNode*> dlist; int index = (ix * m_Height * m_Depth) + (ih * m_Depth) + (id * 1);//get index of specified node gOctreeNode* baseNode = m_nodes[index].get(); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontTopLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontTopRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontBottomLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->FrontBottomRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackBottomLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackBottomRightNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackTopLeftNode); nlist.push_back(baseNode->BackTopRightNode); bool cont = true; UINT d = 0;//additional recursive loop param (?) UINT g = 0;//additional recursive loop param (?) LoopNodes(d,g,nlist,dlist); //Divide resulting nodes for(UINT i = 0; i < dlist.size(); i++) { DivideNode(dlist[i]); } } And now, back to the main question,I present LoopNodes, which must do all work for giving dlist nodes for splitting. void LoopNodes(UINT& od,UINT& og,std::vector<gOctreeNode*>& nlist,std::vector<gOctreeNode*>& dnodes) { //od++;//recursion depth bool f = false; //pass through childs for(UINT i = 0; i < 8; i++) { if(nlist[i]->isSplitted())//if node splitted and have childs { //pass forward through tree for(UINT j = 0; j < 8; j++) { nlist[j] = nlist[j]->m_ChildsVector[j];//set pointers to these childs } LoopNodes(od,og,nlist,dnodes); } else //if no childs { //add to split vector dnodes.push_back(nlist[i]); } } } This version of loop nodes works correctly for 2(or 1?) generations after - this will not divide neightbours nodes, only some corners. I need correct algorithm. Screenshot All I need - is correct version of LoopNodes, which can add all nodes for DivideNode.

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• Impact of variable-length loops on GPU shaders

  - by Will

  Its popular to render procedural content inside the GPU e.g. in the demoscene (drawing a single quad to fill the screen and letting the GPU compute the pixels). Ray marching is popular: This means the GPU is executing some unknown number of loop iterations per pixel (although you can have an upper bound like maxIterations). How does having a variable-length loop affect shader performance? Imagine the simple ray-marching psuedocode: t = 0.f; while(t < maxDist) { p = rayStart + rayDir * t; d = DistanceFunc(p); t += d; if(d < epsilon) { ... emit p return; } } How are the various mainstream GPU families (Nvidia, ATI, PowerVR, Mali, Intel, etc) affected? Vertex shaders, but particularly fragment shaders? How can it be optimised?

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• A* Start path finding in HTML5 Canvas

  - by gyhgowvi

  I'm trying implement A* Start path finding in my games(which are written with JavaScript, HTML5 Canvas). Library for A* Start found this - http://46dogs.blogspot.com/2009/10/star-pathroute-finding-javascript-code.html and now I'm using this library for path finding. And with this library, I'm trying write a simple test, but stuck with one problem. I'm now done when in HTML5 canvas screen click with mouse show path until my mouse.x and mouse.y. Here is a screenshot - http://oi46.tinypic.com/14qxrl.jpg (Pink square: Player, Orange squares: path until my mouse.x/mouse.y) Code how I'm drawing the orange squares until my mouse.x/mouse.y is: 'http://pastebin.com/bfq74ybc (Sorry I do not understand how upload code in my post) My problem is I do not understand how to move my player until path goal. I've tried: 'http://pastebin.com/nVW3mhUM But with this code my player is not beung drawn.(When I run the code, player.x and player.y are equals to 0 and when I click with the mouse I get the path player blink and disappear) Maybe anyone know how to solve this problem? And I'm very very very sorry for my bad English language. :)

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• How to build a "traffic AI"?

  - by Lunikon

  A project I am working on right now features a lot of "traffic" in the sense of cars moving along roads, aircraft moving aroun an apron etc. As of now the available paths are precalculated, so nodes are generated automatically for crossings which themselves are interconnected by edges. When a character/agent spawns into the world it starts at some node and finds a path to a target node by means of a simply A* algorithm. The agent follows the path and ultimately reaches its destination. No problem so far. Now I need to enable the agents to avoid collisions and to handle complex traffic situations. Since I'm new to the field of AI I looked up several papers/articles on steering behavior but found them to be too low-level. My problem consists less of the actual collision avoidance (which is rather simple in this case because the agents follow strictly defined paths) but of situations like one agent leaving a dead-end while another one wants to enter exactly the same one. Or two agents meeting at a bottleneck which only allows one agent to pass at a time but both need to pass it (according to the optimal route found before) and they need to find a way to let the other one pass first. So basically the main aspect of the problem would be predicting traffic movement to avoid dead-locks. Difficult to describe, but I guess you get what I mean. Do you have any recommendations for me on where to start looking? Any papers, sample projects or similar things that could get me started? I appreciate your help!

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• Isometric Camera trouble - can't rotate or move correctly

  - by Deukalion

  I'm trying to create a 3D editor, but I've been having some trouble with the Camera and understanding each component. I've created 2 camera that works OK, but now I'm trying to implement an Isometric Camera in XNA without success on the rotation and movement of the camera. All I get working is Zoom. (Cube with x=3f, y=3f, z=1f in center) And this is the constructor for my IsometricCamera (inherits from ICamera, with methods for Rotation, Movement and Zoom, and Properties for World/View/Projection matrices) public IsometricCamera3D(GraphicsDevice device, float startClip = -1000f, float endClip = 1000f) { matrix_projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographic(device.Viewport.Width, device.Viewport.Height, startClip, endClip); rotation = Vector3.Zero; matrix_view = Matrix.CreateScale(zoom) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(45 + 180)) * Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(30)) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(MathHelper.ToRadians(120)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(rotation.X, rotation.Y, rotation.Z); } Problem is when I rotate it, all that happens is that the Cube gets more or less shiny and nothing happens. What is wrong and how should I create my View matrix to move it / rotate it correctly? Rotate, Move and Zoom looks like: MethodName(Vector3 rotation/movement), Zoom(float value); and just increases the value, then calls an update to recreate the View Matrix according to the code in the constructor. Currently, in my editor I use MiddleButton + Mouse Movement to rotate the camera, but it's not working as the other camera. But in my default camera I use World Matrix to move, but I guess that's not the best way to go which is why I'm trying this.

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• how to add water effect to an image

  - by brainydexter

  This is what I am trying to achieve: A given image would occupy say 3/4th height of the screen. The remaining 1/4th area would be a reflection of it with some waves (water effect) on it. I'm not sure how to do this. But here's my approach: render the given texture to another texture called mirror texture (maybe FBOs can help me?) invert mirror texture (scale it by -1 along Y) render mirror texture at height = 3/4 of the screen add some sense of noise to it OR using pixel shader and time, put pixel.z = sin(time) to make it wavy (Tech: C++/OpenGL/glsl) Is my approach correct ? Is there a better way to do this ? Also, can someone please recommend me if using FrameBuffer Objects would be the right thing here ? Thanks

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• Having troubles with LibNoise.XNA and generating tileable maps

  - by Jon

  Following up on my previous post, I found a wonderful port of LibNoise for XNA. I've been working with it for about 8 hours straight and I'm tearing my hair out - I just can not get maps to tile, I can't figure out how to do this. Here's my attempt: Perlin perlin = new Perlin(1.2, 1.95, 0.56, 12, 2353, QualityMode.Medium); RiggedMultifractal rigged = new RiggedMultifractal(); Add add = new Add(perlin, rigged); // Initialize the noise map int mapSize = 64; this.m_noiseMap = new Noise2D(mapSize, perlin); //this.m_noiseMap.GeneratePlanar(0, 1, -1, 1); // Generate the textures this.m_noiseMap.GeneratePlanar(-1,1,-1,1); this.m_textures[0] = this.m_noiseMap.GetTexture(this.graphics.GraphicsDevice, Gradient.Grayscale); this.m_noiseMap.GeneratePlanar(mapSize, mapSize * 2, mapSize, mapSize * 2); this.m_textures[1] = this.m_noiseMap.GetTexture(this.graphics.GraphicsDevice, Gradient.Grayscale); this.m_noiseMap.GeneratePlanar(-1, 1, -1, 1); this.m_textures[2] = this.m_noiseMap.GetTexture(this.graphics.GraphicsDevice, Gradient.Grayscale); The first and third ones generate fine, they create a perlin noise map - however the middle one, which I wanted to be a continuation of the first (As per my original post), is just a bunch of static. How exactly do I get this to generate maps that connect to each other, by entering in the mapsize * tile, using the same seed, settings, etc.?

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• Explicit resource loading in Ogre (Mogre)

  - by sebf

  I am just starting to learn Mogre and what I would like to do is to be able to load resources 'explicitly' (i.e. I just provide an absolute path instead of using a resource group tied to a directory). This is very different to manually loading resources, which I believe in Ogre has a very specific meaning, to build up the object using Ogres methods. I want to use Ogres resource management system/resource loading code, but to have finer control over which files are loaded and in what groups they are. I remember reading how to do this but cannot find the page again; I think its possible to do something like: Declare a resource group Declare the resource(s) (this is when the actual resource file name is provided) Initialise the resource group to actually load the resource(s) Is this the correct procedure? If so, is there any example code showing how to do this?

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• How to Align Gun with Bullets

  - by Shane

  I have a top-down 2D shooter. I have an image of a player holding a gun, that rotates to face the mouse. Please note that the gun isn't a separate image tethered to the player, but rather part of the player. Right now, bullets are created at the player's x and y. This works when the player is facing the right way, but not when they rotate. The bullets move in the right direction, but don't come from the gun. How can I fix this? TL;DR: When the player rotates, bullets don't come from gun. public void fire() { angle = sprite.getRotation(); System.out.println(angle); x = sprite.getX(); y = sprite.getY(); Bullet b = new Bullet(x, y, angle); Utils.world.addBullet(b); }

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• Drawing a random x,y grid of objects within a prespective

  - by T Reddy

  I'm wrapping my head around OpenGL ES 2.0 and I think I'm trying to do something very simple, but I think the math may be eluding me. I created a simple, flat-ish cylinder in Blender that is 2 units in diameter. I want to create an arbitrary grid of these edge to edge (think of a checker board). I'm using a 3D perspective with GLKit: CGSize size = [[self view] bounds].size; _projectionMatrix = GLKMatrix4MakePerspective(GLKMathDegreesToRadians(45.0f), size.width/size.height, 0.1f, 100.0f); So, I managed to manually get all of these cylinders drawn on the screen just fine. However, I would like to understand how I can programmatically "fit" all of these cylinders on the screen at the same time given the camera location, screen size, cylinder diameter, and the number of rows/columns. So the net effect is that for small grids (i.e., 5x5) the objects are closer to the camera, but for large grids (i.e., 30x30) the objects are farther away. In either case, all of the cylinders are visible.

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• Error loading PCX image in FreeImage library

  - by khanhhh89

  I'm using FreeImage in C++ for loading texuture from the PCX image. My FreeImage code is as following: FREE_IMAGE_FORMAT fif = FIF_UNKNOWN; //pointer to the image data BYTE* bits(0); fif = FreeImage_GetFileType(m_fileName.c_str(), 0); if (FreeImage_FIFSupportsReading(fif)) dib = FreeImage_Load(fif, m_fileName.c_str()); //retrieve the image data bits = FreeImage_GetBits(dib); //get the image width and height width = FreeImage_GetWidth(dib); height = FreeImage_GetHeight(dib); My problem is the width and height variable are both 512, while the bits array is an empty string, which make the following OPENGL call corrupt: glTexImage2D(m_textureTarget, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, bits); While debugging, I notice that the "fif" variable (which contains the format of the image) is JPEG, while the Image is actually PCX. I wonder whether or not the FreeImage recognize the wrong format (from PCX to JPEG), so tha the bits array is an empty string. I hope to see your explanation about this problem. Thanks so much

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• Workaround the flip queue (AKA pre-rendered frames) in OpenGL?

  - by user41500

  It appears that some drivers implement a "flip queue" such that, even with vsync enabled, the first few calls to swap buffers return immediately (queuing those frames for later use). It is only after this queue is filled that buffer swaps will block to synchronize with vblank. This behavior is detrimental to my application. It creates latency. Does anyone know of a way to disable it or a workaround for dealing with it? The OpenGL Wiki on Swap Interval suggests a call to glFinish after the swap but I've had no such luck with that trick.

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• Saving a list of points into a text file

  - by dylanisawesome1

  I recently posted a question about this, but was not really sure where to go. I've gotten some progress, and have generated some simple noise here: http://pastie.org/5408655 That works well enough for me, but I would really like to be able to save the points into an ascii text file. currently it's formatted so that something like this: http://pastie.org/5409311 would create a square. I need to save in this format with the points(and lines connecting them) generated in the method above. Essentially, I need to write the array of points created in the first example to a text file formatted like the second example.

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• OUYA and Unity set up problems

  - by Atkobeau

  I'm having trouble with the Unity / OUYA plugin. I'm using Unity 4 with the latest update on a Windows 7 machine. When I open the starter kit and try to compile the plugin I get the following error: Picked up _JAVA_OPTIONS: -Xmx512M And if I try to Build and Run I get this error: Error building Player: ArgumentException: Illegal characters in path. I'm stumped, I've gone through lots of forum posts here and on stackoverflow and I can't seem to resolve it. My environment variables look like this: PATH - C:\Users\dave\Documents\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20130219\sdk\tools; C:\Users\dave\Documents\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20130219\sdk\platform-tools\ JAVA_HOME - C:\Program Files (x86)\Java\jdk1.6.0_45\ Everything in the OUYA Panel is white Any ideas?

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• How can I generate a texture that looks like left-over tea leaves?

  - by Jedidja

  We are working on a project for iPhone and Windows Phone 7 where we'd like to be able to generate tea leaves at the bottom of a cup. It doesn't have to look photo-realistic, and actually cartoon-y is ok. What sort of techniques should we research to accomplish this? Are there any libraries (preferably in C, but we can translate) that would be helpful? Here are some samples pulled from a Google Image search

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• Everything turning black when pitching down

  - by Gordon

  Just a quick questions about something that's occurring in my world. Every time I pitch my camera downward, everything starts turning black, and if I pitch upward, everything sort of intensifies. I'm multiplying my normals by the normal matrix in the shader, and I'm multiplying my lights direction by the model view matrix. If I leave the normal and light dir in world space everything ends up fine. I thought putting them both in view space would not cause those weird things to happen?

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• why is this rails association loading individually after an eager load?

  - by codeman73

  I'm trying to avoid the N+1 queries problem with eager loading, but it's not working. The associated models are still being loaded individually. Here are the relevant ActiveRecords and their relationships: class Player < ActiveRecord::Base has_one :tableau end Class Tableau < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :player has_many :tableau_cards has_many :deck_cards, :through => :tableau_cards end Class TableauCard < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :tableau belongs_to :deck_card, :include => :card end class DeckCard < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :card has_many :tableaus, :through => :tableau_cards end class Card < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :deck_cards end and the query I'm using is inside this method of Player: def tableau_contains(card_id) self.tableau.tableau_cards = TableauCard.find :all, :include => [ {:deck_card => (:card)}], :conditions => ['tableau_cards.tableau_id = ?', self.tableau.id] contains = false for tableau_card in self.tableau.tableau_cards # my logic here, looking at attributes of the Card model, with # tableau_card.deck_card.card; # individual loads of related Card models related to tableau_card are done here end return contains end Does it have to do with scope? This tableau_contains method is down a few method calls in a larger loop, where I originally tried doing the eager loading because there are several places where these same objects are looped through and examined. Then I eventually tried the code as it is above, with the load just before the loop, and I'm still seeing the individual SELECT queries for Card inside the tableau_cards loop in the log. I can see the eager-loading query with the IN clause just before the tableau_cards loop as well. EDIT: additional info below with the larger, outer loop Here's the larger loop. It is inside an observer on after_save def after_save(pa) @game = Game.find(turn.game_id, :include => :goals) @game.players = Player.find :all, :include => [ {:tableau => (:tableau_cards)}, :player_goals ], :conditions => ['players.game_id =?', @game.id] for player in @game.players player.tableau.tableau_cards = TableauCard.find :all, :include => [ {:deck_card => (:card)}], :conditions => ['tableau_cards.tableau_id = ?', player.tableau.id] if(player.tableau_contains(card)) ... end end end

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• GLSL billboard move center of rotation

  - by Jacob Kofoed

  I have successfully set up a billboard shader that works, it can take in a quad and rotate it so it always points toward the screen. I am using this vertex-shader: void main(){ vec4 tmpPos = (MVP * bufferMatrix * vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)) + (MV * vec4( vertexPosition.x * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[0][0], vertexPosition.y * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[1][1], vertexPosition.z * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[2][2], 0.0) ); UV = UVOffset + vertexUV * UVScale; gl_Position = tmpPos; BufferMatrix is the model-matrix, it is an attribute to support Instance-drawing. The problem is best explained through pictures: This is the start position of the camera: And this is the position, looking in from 45 degree to the right: Obviously, as each character is it's own quad, the shader rotates each one around their own center towards the camera. What I in fact want is for them to rotate around a shared center, how would I do this? What I have been trying to do this far is: mat4 translation = mat4(1.0); translation = glm::translate(translation, vec3(pos)*1.f * 2.f); translation = glm::scale(translation, vec3(scale, 1.f)); translation = glm::translate(translation, vec3(anchorPoint - pos) / vec3(scale, 1.f)); Where the translation is the bufferMatrix sent to the shader. What I am trying to do is offset the center, but this might not be possible with a single matrix..? I am interested in a solution that doesn't require CPU calculations each frame, but rather set it up once and then let the shader do the billboard rotation. I realize there's many different solutions, like merging all the quads together, but I would first like to know if the approach with offsetting the center is possible. If it all seems a bit confusing, it's because I'm a little confused myself.

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• XNA frame rate spikes in full screen mode

  - by ProgrammerAtWork

  I'm loading a simple texture and rotating it in XNA, and this works. But when I run it in full screen 1920x1080 mode I see spikes while my texture is rotating. If I run it windowed with 1920x1080 resolution, I don't get the spikes. The size of the texture does not seem to matter, I tried 512 texture size and 2048 texture size, same thing happens. Spikes in full screen, no spikes in windowed, resolution does not seem to matter, Debug or Release does not seem to do anything either. Anyone got ideas of what could be the problem? Edit: I think this problem has something to do with the vertical retrace. Set this property: _graphicsDeviceManager.SynchronizeWithVerticalRetrace = false; you'll lose vsync but it will not stutter.

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• Apply bone tranforms when importing FBX in XNA

  - by hichaeretaqua

  Preconditions: I have some models, that does only contain some meshes and one texture. There is no animation within the model. An example: a model of a table. I want to draw the Model with a custom effect, so I have to swap the effect after loading the model. In order to draw them correctly, I have to apply the bone transformation manually on each draw for each mesh and effect as can be seen here. So there are two questions: Is there a option during import that allows my to apply the bone transformation on all vertices, so that during draw call I should not have to do this? Is there a option during import that merges all vertices into a Vertex- and IndexBuffer, that allows me to draw the whole model with just one call? I'm pretty sure that the build-in "Autodesk FBX - XNA Framework" does not support this features, but maybe there is an other imported available or an other possibility I missed. The aim is to speed up rendering a little bit especially by using instancing. So having one VertexBuffer to draw at one time would be pretty nice.

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