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• Small 3D Scene Graph

  - by Alon

  I'm looking for a 3D graphics library (not a complete game engine). Preferred a scene graph. Something small (unlike jME, XNA or Unity), that I can easily expand and change. Preferred features: Cross Platform Wrriten in Java/Scala (JOGL or LWJGL), C# (preferred OpenTK), Python or JavaScript/WebGL. Support for OpenGL is a must. Direct3D is optional. Some material system Full support for some model format with full animation support (preferred COLLADA) Level of Detail (LOD) support Lighting support Shaders, GUI, Input and Terrain/Water support are also preferred, but not required Thanks!

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• Sprites as Actors

  - by Scán

  Hello, I'm not experienced in GameDev questions, but as a programmer. In the language Scala, you can have scalable multi-tasking with Actors, very stable, as I hear. You can even habe hundreds of thousands of them running at once without a problem. So I thought, maybe you can use these as a base class for 2D-Sprites, to break out of the game-loop thing that requires to go through all the sprites and move them. They'd basically move themselves, event-driven. Would that make sense for a game? Having it multitasked like that? After all, it will run on the JVM, though that should not be much of a problem nowadays.

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• How to I get a rotated sprite to move left or right?

  - by rphello101

  Using Java/Slick 2D, I'm using the mouse to rotate a sprite on the screen and the directional keys (in this case, WASD) to move the spite. Forwards and backwards is easy, just position += cos(ang)*speed or position -= cos(ang)*speed. But how do I get the sprite to move left or right? I'm thinking it has something to do with adding 90 degrees to the angle or something. Any ideas? Rotation code: int mX = Mouse.getX(); int mY = HEIGHT - Mouse.getY(); int pX = sprite.x+sprite.image.getWidth()/2; int pY = sprite.y+sprite.image.getHeight()/2; double mAng; if(mX!=pX){ mAng = Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(mY - pY, mX - pX)); if(mAng==0 && mX<=pX) mAng=180; } else{ if(mY>pY) mAng=90; else mAng=270; } sprite.angle = mAng; sprite.image.setRotation((float) mAng); And the movement code (delta is change in time): Input input = gc.getInput(); Vector2f direction = new Vector2f(); Vector2f velocity = new Vector2f(); direction.x = (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); direction.y = (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); if(direction.length()>0) direction = direction.normalise(); //On a separate note, what does this line of code do? velocity.x = (float) (direction.x * sprite.moveSpeed); velocity.y = (float) (direction.y * sprite.moveSpeed); if(input.isKeyDown(sprite.up)){ sprite.x += velocity.x*delta; sprite.y += velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.down)){ sprite.x -= velocity.x*delta; sprite.y -= velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.left)){ //??? }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.right)){ //??? }

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• Algorithm to find average position

  - by Simran kaur

  In the given diagram, I have the extreme left and right points, that is -2 and 4 in this case. So, obviously, I can calculate the width which is 6 in this case. What we know: The number of partitions:3 in this case The partition number at at any point i.e which one is 1st,second or third partition (numbered starting from left) What I want: The position of the purple line drawn which is positio of average of a particular partition So, basically I just want a generalized formula to calculate position of the average at any point.

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• Basic Connections Through Socket Server

  - by Walrus

  I'm designing a simple 2 player RTS with Stencyl, a program that uses blocks for coding. The current code updates lists whenever an actor moves (new X and Y), and I'd want the server to update the game state with each change to the list. However, to start off: I don't even know how to set up a socket server. Stencyl has taught me the basics of logic, but I've yet to learn any programming languages. I've downloaded a Smartfox 2X socket server that I'm intending to use. Right now I'm only looking to make baby steps; I want to do something to this effect: "When someone connects to the server, open insert file here". How can I do this? My intention is to have this file be the game client. Is this "open file when connected" method the best way to go about this? When answering: assume that I know nothing, because really, though I have done research (I know that UDPTCP for real time), implementation-wise I know nothing.

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• List of bounding boxes?

  - by Christian Frantz

  When I create a bounding box for each object in my chunk, would it be better to store them in a list? List<BoundingBox> cubeBoundingBox Or can I just use a single variable? BoundingBox cubeBoundingBox The bounding boxes will be used for all types of things so they will be moving around. In any case, I'd be adding it to a method that gets called 2500+ times for each chunk, so either I have a giant list of them or 2500+ individual boxes. Is there any advantage to using one or the other?

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• Box2D: How to get the Exact Collision Point and ignore the collision (from 2 "ghost bodies")

  - by Moritz

  I have a very basic problem with Box2D. For a arenatype game where you can throw scriptable "missiles" at other players I decided to use Box2D for the collision detection between the players and the missiles. Players and missiles have their own circular shape with a specific size (varying). But I don´t want to use dynamic bodies because the missiles need to move themselve in any way they want to (defined in the script) and shouldnt be resolved unless the script wants it. The behavior I look for is as following (for each time step): velocity of missiles is set by the specific missile script each missile is moved according to that velocity if a collision accurs now, I want to get the exact position of impact, and now I need a mechanism to decide if the missile should just ignore the collision (for example collision between two fireballs which shouldnt interact) or take it (so they are resolved and dont overlap anymore) So is there a way in Box2D to create Ghost bodies and listen to collisions from them, then deciding if they should ignore the collision or should take them and resolve their position? I hope I was clear enough and would be happy about any help!

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• How to read BC4 texture in GLSL?

  - by Question

  I'm supposed to receive a texture in BC4 format. In OpenGL, i guess this format is called GL_COMPRESSED_RED_RGTC1. The texture is not really a "texture", more like a data to handle at fragment shader. Usually, to get colors from a texture within a fragment shader, i do : uniform sampler2D TextureUnit; void main() { vec4 TexColor = texture2D(TextureUnit, vec2(gl_TexCoord[0])); (...) the result of which is obviously a v4, for RGBA. But now, i'm supposed to receive a single float from the read. I'm struggling to understand how this is achieved. Should i still use a texture sampler, and expect the value to be in a specific position (for example, within TexColor.r ?), or should i use something else ?

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• How should I invoke a physics engine?

  - by ymfoi

  I'm new to writing games. I'm planning to write a 2D battle game which may require an physics engine. Suppose I've written one, but how can I combine it with the main routine of my game? Should I attach it directly to the graphics render routine or put it in an individual thread? I've spent much time looking for some common approach, but found nothing. So can you reveal some basics idea for me, a newbie? Thanks! P.S. There're many other problems I have to deal with if I choose to start a separate thread for the physics engine, for example, the lock problem, while from my intuition, I guess I'd better separate the render and the physics engine.

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• Any good C++ Component/Entity frameworks?

  - by Pat

  (Skip to the bold if you want to get straight to my question :) ) I've been dabbling in the different technologies available out there to use. I tried Unity and component based design, managing to get a little guy up and running around a map with basic pathfinding. I really loved how easy it was to program using components, but I wanted a bit more control and something more 2D friendly, so I went with LibGDX. I looked around and found 2 good frameworks for Java, which are Artemis and Apollo. I didn't like Artemis much, so I went with Apollo, which I loved. I managed to integrate it with Box2D and get a little guy running around bouncing balls. Great! But since I want to try out most of the options, there is still C++/SFML that I haven't tried yet. Coming from a Java/C# background, I've always wanted to get my hands dirty with C++. But then, after some looking around, I noticed there aren't any Component-Based frameworks for me to use. There's a somewhat done porting of Artemis, but, aside from not being completely finished, I didn't quite like Artemis even in Java. I found Apollo's approach much more.. logical. So, my question is, are there any good Component/Entity frameworks for C++ that I can use that are similar to Artemis, or preferably, Apollo?

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• Rotate model using quaternion

  - by ChocoMan

  Currently I have this to rotate my 3D model that rotates on it's local axis independent from the world's axis: // Rotate model with Right Thumbstick modelRotation -= pController.ThumbSticks.Right.X * mRotSpeed; // float value What I'm trying to do is rotate the model using quaternion and not by a matrix. I've searched for tutorials, but have found none that explains thoroughly on how to achieve this. Does anyone know how to I can use quaternions to rotate my model or a complete tutorial?

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• Velocity control of the player, why doesn't this work?

  - by Dominic Grenier

  I have the following code inside a while True loop: if abs(playerx) < MAXSPEED: if moveLeft: playerx -= 1 if moveRight: playerx += 1 if abs(playery) < MAXSPEED: if moveDown: playery += 1 if moveUp: playery -= 1 if moveLeft == False and abs(playerx) > 0: playerx += 1 if moveRight == False and abs(playerx) > 0: playerx -= 1 if moveUp == False and abs(playery) > 0: playery += 1 if moveDown == False and abs(playery) > 0: playery -= 1 player.x += playerx player.y += playery if player.left < 0 or player.right > 1000: player.x -= playerx if player.top < 0 or player.bottom > 600: player.y -= playery The intended result is that while an arrow key is pressed, playerx or playery increments by one at every iteration until it reaches MAXSPEED and stays at MAXSPEED. And that when the player stops pressing that arrow key, his speed decreases until it reaches 0. To me, this code explicitly says that... But what actually happens is that playerx or playery keeps incrementing regardless of MAXSPEED and continues moving even after the player stops pressing the arrow key. I keep rereading but I'm completely baffled by this weird behavior. Any insights? Thanks.

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• How to create a 3D world with 2D sprites similar to Ragnorak online?

  - by Romoku

  As far as I know Ragnorak Online is a 3D game world with 2D sprites overlayed. I would like to use this style in a game I am making in Unity, so I would like the player to be able to select little square tiles on the terrain. There are a couple routes I could take such as using a bunch of cubic polygons and linking them together or using one big map. The former approach doesn't seem to make any sense if the world is not flat as polygons wouldn't be reused often. The goal is to break down a 3D polygon into tiles which is heard to wrap my head around. I believe using something like an interval tree or array would be appropriate to store the rectangle grid, but how would I display a rectangle around the selection the player has his mouse over on the polygon terrain itself? Here is a screenshot. Here is a gameplay video. Here is the camera usage.

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• Why doesn't my GameMaker step event work?

  - by exceltior

  So I want to make some kind of floor that which the player when walks in gets his movement reduced but im having thousand of different issues implementing this since it doesnt appear to do anything ... So i have tried different way: 1 - I have tried Step Event which had the following script: if keyboard_check(ord('A')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('D')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('W')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('S')) { player.x = -5; } 2 - I have tried a Collision Event with the same code 3- I have tried a Step event with collision detection on a script None of these options seem to work at all ... Can you help me?

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• Implement 2x speed in tower of defense type game

  - by Siddharth

  I was currently developing tower of defense game and I want to implement 2x feature for my game. Game usually run with 1x speed that was normal speed of the game. Here what 1x and 2x mean : 1x - mention normal speed of the game, 2x - mention the game object moves with double speed means user experience the fast game play. I want to implement such functionality for my game. The functionality that I want contains in the game Medieval Castle game that was available in the market. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nova.root&feature=search_result#?t=W251bGwsMSwxLDEsImNvbS5ub3ZhLnJvb3QiXQ.. The screen shot also shows the 1x and 2x button in that game. I think for 2x speed of the game I have to increase the speed of each object that were in the game. So any member please help what to do for that implementation. Only idea become enough for me.

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• Unity3D - Projection matrix camera frustum

  - by MulletDevil

  I've used off centre projection to create a custom projection matrix for my camera. When I run the game I can see the scene correctly in the game view but in the editor view the camera frustum is not correct. It still shows the original frustum shape not the new one. It also appears that Unity is using the original frustum for frustum culling and not the new one as I can see object being culled which are visible to the new frustum but would not be visible in the old one. Am I wrong in thinking that a custom projection matrix would alter the view frustum? Or am I missing something else?

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• General visual effects to meshes/entities

  - by Pacha

  I am trying to add some visual effects to some entities, meshes, or whatever you want to call them as they are looking pretty dull in my game right now. What I want to achieve is this: http://youtu.be/zox8935PLw0?t=36s (the "texture" gets disintegrated and then goes back to normal, covering the whole mesh.) Also I would like to know what is the best way to add effects like the one in the video to my game (for example, thunder effects, shattering, etc.) I know that I can do some things with shaders, but I haven't learned them too well and I am still in a beginner level. I am using Ogre3D, and GLSL for shaders. Thanks! Note: this is a screen-shot of my game, I want to apply the effect in the video to my main character):

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• What are the benefits of designing a KeyBinding relay?

  - by Adam Naylor

  The input system of Quake3 is handled using a Keybinding relay, whereby each keypress is matched against a 'binding' which is then passed to the CLI along with a time stamp of when the keypress (or release) occurred. I just wanted to get an idea from developers what they considered to be the key benefits of designing your input system around this approach? One thing i don't particularly like is the appending of the timestamp to the bound command. This seems like a bit of a hack to bend the CLI into handling the games input? Also I feel that detecting the keypress only to add the command to a stream of text that gets parsed at a later date to be a slightly latent way of responding to input? (or is this unfounded?) The only real benefit i can see is that it allows you to bind 'complex' commands to keypresses; like 'switch weapon;+fire;' for example. Or maybe for journaling purposes? Thanks for any insights!

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• Setting up collision using a tilemap and cocos2d

  - by James

  I'm building my first platformer using cocos2d and a tilemap. I'm having trouble coming up with a decent way of determining if the character is colliding with an object. More specifically, in which direction is the character colliding with an object. Following the tutorial here, I have made a separate "meta" layer of collidable tiles. The problem is that unless the character is in the tile, you can't detect the collision. Also, there's no way of telling WHERE the collision is occurring. The best solution would be one that could tell me if a character is up against a wall, or walking on top of a platform. However, I can't seem to figure out a good technique for this.

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• Inverting matrix then decomposing gives different quaternion than decomposing then inverting the quat

  - by Fraser

  I'm getting different signs when I convert a matrix to quaternion and invert that, versus when I invert a matrix and then get the quaternion from it: Quaternion a = Quaternion.Invert(getRotation(m)); Quaternion b = getRotation(Matrix.Invert(m)); I would expect a and b to be identical (or inverses of each other). However, it looks like q1 = (x, y, -z, -w) while q2 = (-x, -y, w, z). In other words, the Z and W components have been switched for some reason. Note: getRotation() decomposes the transform matrix and returns just the rotation part of it (I've tried normalizing the result; it does nothing). The matrix m is a complete transform matrix and contains a translation (and possibly a scale) as well as a rotation. I'm using D3DXMatrixDecompose to do the actual decomposition.

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• draw fog of war using shaders

  - by lezebulon

  I am making a RTS game, and I'd like some advice on how to best render fog of wars, given what I'm already doing. You can imagine this game as being a classic RTS like Age of Empires 2, where the fog of war will basically be handled by a 2D array telling if a given "tile" is explored or not. The specific things to consider here are : 1) I'm only doing a few draw calls to draw the whole screen, using shaders, and I'm not drawing "tile by tile" in a 2D loop 2) The whole map is much bigger than the screen, and the screen can move every frame or so In that case, how could I draw the fog of war ? I have no issue maintaining on the CPU-side a 2D array giving the fog of war for each tile, but what would be the best way to actually display it dynamically ? thanks!

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• How to make unit selection circles merge?

  - by MaT

  I would like to know how to make this effect of merged circle selection. Here are images to illustrate: Basically I'm looking for this effect: How the merge effect of the circles can be achieved ? I didn't found any explanation concerning this effect. I know that to project those texture I can develop a decal system but I don't know how to create the merging effect. If possible, I'm looking for purely shaders solution.

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• Performance due to entity update

  - by Rizzo

  I always think about 2 ways to code the global Step() function, both with pros and cons. Please note that AIStep is just to provide another more step for whoever who wants it. // Approach 1 step foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_fixed_step ) entity.FixedStep(); if( time_for_AI_step ) entity.AIStep(); ... // all kind of updates you want } PRO: you just have to iterate once over all entities. CON: fidelity could be lower at some scenarios, since the entity.FixedStep() isn't going all at a time. // Approach 2 step foreach( entity in entities ) entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_fixed_step ) foreach( entity in entities ) entity.FixedStep(); if( time_for_AI_step ) foreach( entity in entities ) entity.FixedStep(); // all kind of updates you want SEPARATED PRO: fidelity on FixedStep is higher, shouldn't be much time between all entities update, rather than Approach 1 where you may have to wait other updates until FixedStep() comes. CON: you iterate once for each kind of update. Also, a third approach could be a hybrid between both of them, something in the way of foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_AI_step ) entity.AIStep(); // all kind of updates you want BUT FixedStep() } if( time_for_fixed_step ) { foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.FixedStep(); } } Just two loops, don't caring about time fidelity in nothing other than at FixedStep(). Any thoughts on this matter? Should it really matters to make all steps at once or am I thinking on problems that don't exist?

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• How to implement a simple bullet trajectory

  - by AirieFenix

  I searched and searched and although it's a fair simple question, I don't find the proper answer but general ideas (which I already have). I have a top-down game and I want to implement a gun which shoots bullets that follow a simple path (no physics nor change of trajectory, just go from A to B thing). a: vector of the position of the gun/player. b: vector of the mouse position (cross-hair). w: the vector of the bullet's trajectory. So, w=b-a. And the position of the bullet = [x=x0+speed*time*normalized w.x , y=y0+speed*time * normalized w.y]. I have the constructor: public Shot(int shipX, int shipY, int mouseX, int mouseY) { //I get mouse with Gdx.input.getX()/getY() ... this.shotTime = TimeUtils.millis(); this.posX = shipX; this.posY = shipY; //I used aVector = aVector.nor() here before but for some reason didn't work float tmp = (float) (Math.pow(mouseX-shipX, 2) + Math.pow(mouseY-shipY, 2)); tmp = (float) Math.sqrt(Math.abs(tmp)); this.vecX = (mouseX-shipX)/tmp; this.vecY = (mouseY-shipY)/tmp; } And here I update the position and draw the shot: public void drawShot(SpriteBatch batch) { this.lifeTime = TimeUtils.millis() - this.shotTime; //position = positionBefore + v*t this.posX = this.posX + this.vecX*this.lifeTime*speed*Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); this.posY = this.posY + this.vecY*this.lifeTime*speed*Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); ... } Now, the behavior of the bullet seems very awkward, not going exactly where my mouse is (it's like the mouse is 30px off) and with a random speed. I know I probably need to open the old algebra book from college but I'd like somebody says if I'm in the right direction (or points me to it); if it's a calculation problem, a code problem or both. Also, is it possible that Gdx.input.getX() gives me non-precise position? Because when I draw the cross-hair it also draws off the cursor position. Sorry for the long post and sorry if it's a very basic question. Thanks!

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• XNA GUI: Creating a 'scroll pane' widget

  - by Keith Myers

  I'm trying to create a simple GUI system and am currently stuck on how to implement a textarea with a scrollbar. In other words, the text is too large to fit into the view area. I want to learn how to do this, so I'd rather not use an already rolled API. I believe this could be done if the text were part of a texture, but if the game had a lot of unique dialog, this seems expensive. I researched creating a texture on the fly and writing to it, but came up with nothing. Any suggested strategies would be appreciated. I believe it boils down to: text in a texture and how? Or something I have not thought of...

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