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  • Formatting pwd/ls for use with scp

    - by eumiro
    I have two terminal windows with bash. One is local on the client computer, another one has an SSH-session on the server. On the server, I am in a directory and seeing a file I would like to copy to my client using scp from the client. On the server I see: user@server:/path$ ls filename filename I can now type scp in the client shell, select and copy the user@server:/path from the server shell and paste to the client shell, then type slash and copy and paste the filename and append a dot to get: user@client:~$ scp user@server:/path/filename . to scp a file from the server to the client. Now I am searching for a command on the server, that would work like this: user@server:/path$ special_ls filename user@server:/path/filename which would give me the complete scp-ready string to copy&paste to the client shell. Something in the form echo $USER@$HOSTNAME:${pwd}/$filename working with relative/absolute paths. Is there any such command/switch combination or do I have to hack it myself? Thank you very much.

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  • How do I stop ssh-agent from forgetting my password after I login to the screen session from SSH?

    - by Shwouchk
    I have a screen session open in an lxterminal window. If I SSH somewhere, the first time it happens, an ssh-agent window opens and asks me for my private key passphrase, and after that ssh goes right on. If I log in from outside to this machine and attach to the screen session however, ssh-agent now asks me every time I connect for my passphrase, in the terminal. Is there a way to avoid this and to let it continue using the X agent, or at least to have the non-X agent remember the passphrase?

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  • Config deployment on multiple servers.

    - by user66601
    I have multiple servers in WEB cluster (identical configuration for all of them, despite the IP) How do you deploy changes in configs on multile servers? I make the new config, then create config per every server (placing correct IP), and next: upload them on every server, replacing old ones (rsync over ssh) set on every server a job which reloads webserver at the same time (servers use ntp). - this done by issuing commands by script (to save time for logging in) before adding a job for server reload - there's checksum test of the config on the server) - an a notification in case of fail How do you see such method? What should be the "professional way :) ? (I don't say my way doesn't work... it works and saves my time not used for logging on every webserver.) Regards,

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  • Maximise network transfer speed of various applications

    - by Alex
    When using nc, scp, wget to transfer files between 2 machines on a dedicated 2Mbps link, I get speeds between 0.5 and 1 Mbps. However, when I use iperf -c 10.0.1.4 -t 20 -P 12 (for example) I can maximise the speed of the link (getting stable 2Mbps). Is there a way to make single stream transfers (such as those done by scp) to utilise all/most of the link? Some kind of tcp settings, or iptables...?

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  • Fixing Broken Groups

    - by themaestro
    Hey, I just got onto a new project with the student government at my University and we're trying to get our webserver into a more workable state. The current problem is that all of us for some reason have sudo power on the server, but we can't write/create files anywhere on the server (as far as we can tell) currently. Our groups are currently as follows: /srv/ice/db$ groups goshri sshamim rmenezes goshri : goshri sshamim : sshamim ptx rmenezes : rmenezes ptx daifotis : daifotis ptx We added a few of us to ptx because we thought that might give us write access but it didn't. We have a bunch of webapps running on this server but since it's university things change hands quickly. What can we do to give us read access?

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  • Limited bandwidth and transfer rates per user.

    - by Cx03
    I searched for a while but couldn't find anything concrete, hopefully someone can help me. I'm going to be running a Debian server on a gigabit port, and want to give each user his/her fair share of internet access. The first objective is easy - transfer rates (speed) per user. From what I've looked at, IPTables/Shorewall could do the job easy. Is this easy to setup, or could one of you point me at a config? I was hoping to limit users at 300mbit or 650mbit each. The second objective gets complicated. Due to the usage of the boxes, most of the traffic will be internal network traffic that does NOT get counted to the quota. However, I still need to limit the external traffic, and if they go over, cut off access (or throttle traffic to a very low speed (10mbit?)). Let's say the user has a 3TB external traffic limit. The IF part is: If the hostname they are exchanging the traffic with DOES NOT MATCH .ovh. or .kimsufi. (company owns multiple TLDs), count to the quota. Once said quota exceeds 3TB, choke them. Where could I find a system to count that for me? It would also need to reset or be able to be manually reset on a monthly basis. Thanks ahead of time!

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  • Accidental Extract Location - How to Clean Up?

    - by Gordon
    Sometimes I will do a command such as unzip tons_of_files.zip And I will forget to put a -d to point to a subdirectory. This causes the current folder to get filled with tons of files that are intermixed with the existing files. What is the best way to remove all these new files and/or move them to a new directory? I want to avoid having to manually examine the directory and determine if the file was part of the archive or was already present.

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  • LVS / IPVS difference in ActiveConn since upgrading

    - by Hans
    I've recently migrated from an old version of LVS / ldirectord (Ultra Monkey) to a new Debian install with ldirectord. Now the amount of Active Connections is usually higher than the amount of Inactive Connections, it used to be the other way around. Basically on the old load balancer the connections looked something like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 12 252 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 18 368 However since migrating it to the new load balancer it looks more like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 313 141 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 276 183 Old load balancer: Debian 3.1 ipvsadm 1.24 ldirectord 1.2.3 New load balancer: Debian 6.0.5 ipvsadm 1.25 ldirectord 1.0.3 (I guess the versioning system changed) Is it because the old load balancer was running a kernel from 2005, and ldirectord from 2004, and things have simply changed in the past 7 - 8 years? Did I miss some sysctl settings that I should be enforcing for it to behave in the same way? Everything appears to be working fine but can anyone see an issue with this behaviour? Thanks in advance! Additional info: I'm using LVS in masquerading mode, the real servers have the load balancer as their gateway. The real servers are running Apache, which hasn't changed during the upgrade. The boxes themselves show roughly the same amount of Inactive Connections shown in ipvsadm.

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  • vim: remove previous code indentation and convert to another

    - by ramgorur
    I have a c project with multiple files (more than 100), the codes are written in Whitesmiths style, but I want to change them into K&R style indentation. Is it possible to do using vim in an automated way ? For example I have a emacs-lisp script to achieve this -- (progn (find-file "{}") (mark-whole-buffer) (setq indent-tabs-mode nil) (untabify (point-min) (point-max)) (indent-region (point-min) (point-max) nil) (save-buffer)) I was wondering if there is a similar trick that could be done with vim.

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  • Full Apache config migration

    - by Victor Rashkov
    I searched alot and didn't find an applicable answer. I have a working LAMP setup on Ubuntu machine and I have to migrate to a new server in a different country. The old server is 11.10, the new server is 12.04LTS. My problem is that I simply can not remember the steps I followed when I configured the current server which is not the basic LAMP install. It is Apache with FastCGI, SuEXEC, a GD library, worker MPM and all sitting on top of a mhddfs system. There are also other configs I've changed and I can not recall what they are. Because of the complexity of the setup, my attempts to migrate to the new server fail. I get permissions errors, cgi problems etc. Therefore my question is : Is there a sane way to simply tar a full backup of the current web server installation, including MySQL, Php amd the apache server with all configs, and then move it to the new machine? I shall be forever thankful on any advise. So far non of thise I found here gave me an answer. Thanks!

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  • Which ports for IPSEC/LT2P?

    - by Matt
    I have a firewall/router (not doing NAT). I've googled and seen conflicting answers. It seems UDP 500 is the common one. But the others are confusing. 1701, 4500. And some say I need to also allow gre 50, or 47, or 50 & 51. Ok, which ports are the correct ones for IPSec/L2TP to work in a routed environment without NAT? i.e. I want to use the built in windows client to connect to a VPN behind this router/firewall.

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  • In Bash, how can I obtain the directory path from the previous command's last argument

    - by Beaming Mel-Bin
    I frequently have to do this. For example: $ vim /etc/pam.d/sudo $ vim /etc/pam.d/sudo-i $ cd /etc/pam.d/ # Figure I should just go to the directory Now, is there a way I could obtain the directory of the last argument when it's a file path? I'm asking this cause I recently became aware of the $_ variable that has become useful. Was wondering if there's some other commandline fu that might come in handy.

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  • Get the MAC addresses of all the machines connected to a LAN when NO machines have got an IP address yet

    - by JtheRocker
    Here is the real scenario. I have say 4 machines not having any IP address yet connected to a switch. In one of the machines (OS=CentOS), I would install a DHCP server and would provide the other machines IP addresses. Prior to assigning them IP addresses, I need to get the MAC address of each of the machines that I would assign IP addresses to. So, my question here is how to I get the MAC addresses of all the machines connected to a switch when NO machine has got any IP address yet? It's mandatory for my use case that I won't be having any IP addresses before the MAC addresses. -Thanks

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  • VLC Dynamic Range compression multiple songs

    - by Sion
    In my collection of music I have some songs which seem to be compressed nicely. But in addition to those I have songs which are overly quite compared to the louder compressed songs. So maybe the problem isn't compression but average volume. Would the Dynamic Range Compressor in VLC work for this type of problem or would I have better luck using external speakers and running it through a guitar compressor?

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  • Is there such a thing as a persistent ram drive?

    - by Linus
    I have a laptop with a LAMP setup. The HDD is slow, which causes my unit tests to run slowly. I was wondering whether I could mount the web root the mysql database on some kind of ramdisk. From what I have read of ramdisks, they are non-persistent. Is there anyway to create a ramdisk that writes changes to an area of the hdd when shutting down and re-mounts the ramdisk on bootup?

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  • create symlink to another machine

    - by microchasm
    Hi, I have 2 machines. Both running CentOS. Box1 is webserver with apache, php. Box2 is mysql, and file storage. The files will only be accessible from Box1 within the webapp. I'd like to somehow create a symlink or somesuch on box1 to a folder on box2 where uploaded files can be stored and retrieved. Security in mind, what would be the best way to go about linking these 2 boxes up in a transparent (to apache) way? NB: the boxes are connected directly to each other via a crossover cable; no lan access to box2. Much thanks!

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  • NTP configuration not recognized?

    - by Eugene S
    I'm trying to configure NTP on my machine but it seems that the parameters I set are not being read by the system. Below is my /etc/ntp.conf file. (I applied the most basic configuration to eliminate other issues) server 10.45.68.47 server 127.0.0.1 After I set the above configuration, I restart the ntpd process by doing the following: service ntpd restart And then I get the following output: Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ] ntpd: Synchronizing with time server: [FAILED] Starting ntpd: [ OK ] Moreover, I can see the following in /var/etc/messages: Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpd[21067]: ntpd exiting on signal 15 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: can't find host ntpServer1 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: can't find host ntpServer2 Apr 2 10:54:07 hsystem1a ntpdate[21537]: no servers can be used, exiting So it seems that the ntpServer1 and the ntpServer2 are being read from somewhere instead of the IPs I configured in /etc/ntp.conf. NOTE: I done init 6 on the machine just in case. Thanks!

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  • Pass parameters to a script securely

    - by codeholic
    What is the best way to pass parameters to a forked script securely? E. g. passing parameters through command line operands is not secure, since someone who has an account on the host can run ps and see them. Unnamed pipe is quite secure, as far as I understand, isn't it? I mean, passing parameters to STDIN of the forked process. What about passing parameters in environment vars? Is it secure? What about passing parameters by other means I didn't mention?

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  • stat and ls show wrong file size (terabytes wrong)

    - by WolleTD
    Ok, I have a bunch of vCard files, all about 200 to 300 Bytes in size. While trying to get them archived, I wondered why that takes so long and discovered that there is one file with a wrong size. Both ls and stat are showing a size of about 8.1 Terabytes. That's amazing because my SSD is only about 250 Gigabytes in size. There are some other files with wrong sizes, too, but this is clearly the biggest one. I already gave it a fsck, but there seem to be no errors in the (ext4) filesystem. How can I get rid of this wrong size? Thanks, Wolle

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  • SSMTP to forward root@localhost mail

    - by Redconnection
    I would like to forward mail that gets sent root@localhost on multiple servers to our company admin account (e-mail is hosted on gmail) I have installed ssmtp on centos 5.5 via yum and configured it. i've also changed the last line in /etc/aliases to reflect where mail to root should go to. I've then tried sending mail to root - this gets delivered without a problem (mail -v root) I've also tried sending mail to root@localhost - this is not delivered to the specified gmail account.

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  • Weird nfs performance: 1 thread better than 8, 8 better than 2!

    - by Joe
    I'm trying to determine the cause of poor nfs performance between two Xen Virtual Machines (client & server) running on the same host. Specifically, the speed at which I can sequentially read a 1GB file on the client is much lower than what would be expected based on the measured network connection speed between the two VMs and the measured speed of reading the file directly on the server. The VMs are running Ubuntu 9.04 and the server is using the nfs-kernel-server package. According to various NFS tuning resources, changing the number of nfsd threads (in my case kernel threads) can affect performance. Usually this advice is framed in terms of increasing the number from the default of 8 on heavily-used servers. What I find in my current configuration: RPCNFSDCOUNT=8: (default): 13.5-30 seconds to cat a 1GB file on the client so 35-80MB/sec RPCNFSDCOUNT=16: 18s to cat the file 60MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=1: 8-9 seconds to cat the file (!!?!) 125MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=2: 87s to cat the file 12MB/s I should mention that the file I'm exporting is on a RevoDrive SSD mounted on the server using Xen's PCI-passthrough; on the server I can cat the file in under seconds ( 250MB/s). I am dropping caches on the client before each test. I don't really want to leave the server configured with just one thread as I'm guessing that won't work so well when there are multiple clients, but I might be misunderstanding how that works. I have repeated the tests a few times (changing the server config in between) and the results are fairly consistent. So my question is: why is the best performance with 1 thread? A few other things I have tried changing, to little or no effect: increasing the values of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_low_thresh and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_high_thresh to 512K, 1M from the default 192K,256K increasing the value of /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default and /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max to 1M from the default of 128K mounting with client options rsize=32768, wsize=32768 From the output of sar -d I understand that the actual read sizes going to the underlying device are rather small (<100 bytes) but this doesn't cause a problem when reading the file locally on the client. The RevoDrive actually exposes two "SATA" devices /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, then dmraid picks up a fakeRAID-0 striped across them which I have mounted to /mnt/ssd and then bind-mounted to /export/ssd. I've done local tests on my file using both locations and see the good performance mentioned above. If answers/comments ask for more details I will add them.

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  • In Ubuntu I make changes to php.ini but nothing happens

    - by MrAn3
    Hi, Apache with php works well, but none of the changes I make in php.ini have effect, I've even delete all the contents of the file, then restart Apache, and run phpinfo() and surprisingly everything continues working well. The file I'm editing is the one that appears in the phpinfo() like "Loaded Configuration File". (/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini) P.S. I'm running Ubuntu 9.04 and PHP 5.2 Thanks in advance. More Details: I'm restarting with sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart, I've also tried sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop, and then start, at restarting I get: Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName ... waiting apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName [ OK ] "which php" did not produce any results. My installation of PHP was done using Synaptic Package Manger, choosing "Mark Packages by task" and then LAMP server. I don't have any clue of what to do...

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  • Explanation of command to uppercase the first letter of a file

    - by hazielquake
    Hi I'm trying to learn to rename files with the command line, and after browsing around a lot of pages I finally found a command that uppercases the first letter of a file, but the problem is that I want to understand the meaning of each command. The command is: for i in *; do new=echo "$i" | sed -e 's/^./\U&/'; mv "$i" "$new";done I understand the 'for' kinda... but not the 'echo' or '`' and especially the sed command. if someone has a little patience to explain the meaning of each thing that'd be awesome! Thanks!

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