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  • Why is conversion from UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1 not the same in Windows and Linux?

    - by user1895307
    I have the following in code to convert from UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1 in a jar file and when I execute this jar in Windows I get one result and in CentOS I get another. Might anyone know why? public static void main(String[] args) { try { String x = "Ä, ä, É, é, Ö, ö, Ãœ, ü, ß, «, »"; Charset utf8charset = Charset.forName("UTF-8"); Charset iso88591charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1"); ByteBuffer inputBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(x.getBytes()); CharBuffer data = utf8charset.decode(inputBuffer); ByteBuffer outputBuffer = iso88591charset.encode(data); byte[] outputData = outputBuffer.array(); String z = new String(outputData); System.out.println(z); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } } In Windows, java -jar test.jar test.txt creates a file containing: Ä, ä, É, é, Ö, ö, Ü, ü, ß, «, » but in CentOS I get: ??, ä, ??, é, ??, ö, ??, ü, ??, «, » Help please!

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  • How do I integrate WordPress blogs with my Grails application?

    - by Amit Jain
    I had my static site with which WordPress blogs were integrated. Now I have made a Grails application with which I want to integrate those WordPress blogs. I had put the WordPress folder copied from my previous site to the web-app folder of my Grails application. But I am not able to access the WordPress folder, as when I hit URL - http://localhost:8080/myApplicaiton/wordpress/, it shows this error: Error 500: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out Also, in my urlMappings.groovy one of the mappings I need is "/$generalPageURL"(controller:'myConroller', action:'myAction') And if I put in the above mapping, all requests for WordPress goes to myAction of myController. Is there any way out to still reach the WordPress folder defined inside web-app folder with the above mapping?

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  • url rewriting - build paths

    - by Cristian Boariu
    Hi guys, I have started to work on a site without url rewriting. Now, the request is to use friendly urls so i started to use Intelligencia.UrlRewriter. Let's take an example: I have a method: public static string getCategoriesIndexLink(string category) { string baseUrl = getBaseUrl() + (String)HttpContext.GetGlobalResourceObject("Paths", "categorii.index"); return baseUrl.AddQueryParam(CQueryStringParameters.CATEGORY, category); } which build this kind of urls "~/Site/Categorii.aspx?category=$1" Now i've added the following rule in web.config: <rewrite url="~/Site/Categorii/(.+)" to="~/Site/Categorii.aspx?category=$1" /> The question is HOW i can make the above method to build that kind of nice url? So no longer return "~/Site/Categorii.aspx?category=m1" but "~/Site/Categorii/m1" without beeing needed to modify its structure? I mean, i have about 30 methods like the one from the above; it would be extremely helpfull if i can be guided to use a regex at the output of the methods iso modifying the url construction... Thanks in advance...

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  • Django 1.2 crash course needed

    - by delusionalweekendwarrior
    I know Python but I've never used Django. What do I need to know about Django 1.2 to port my typical PHP CRUD web application in one weekend? (Yes I've read Joel Spolsky's Netscape article :-)) I'm reading this tutorial right now and it's excellent. I'm already playing around with inspectdb to generate my models from the existing schema. I'm planning to use the following features of Django this weekend: Fragment caching Static asset versioning (for far future expires) Schema migrations (or whatever they're called in Django) Auto-admin (and customize it later) The test framework ...other stuff I probably don't know about yet I'm familiar with all these concepts in other languages/frameworks, except for the ORM which I've never used. I know SQL pretty well though. Any links, sage bits of advice, gotchas, stuff not mentioned in the (excellent) tutorial/docs, or stuff that is mentioned but warrants repeating == very welcome. Thanks!

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  • Style question: Writing "this." before instance variable and methods: good or bad idea?

    - by Uri
    One of my nasty (?) programming habits in C++ and Java is to always precede calls or accesses to members with a this. For example: this.process(this.event). A few of my students commented on this, and I'm wondering if I am teaching bad habits. My rationale is: 1) Makes code more readable — Easier to distinguish fields from local variables. 2) Makes it easier to distinguish standard calls from static calls (especially in Java) 3) Makes me remember that this call (unless the target is final) could end up on a different target, for example in an overriding version in a subclass. Obviously, this has zero impact on the compiled program, it's just readability. So am I making it more or less readable? Related Question Note: I turned it into a CW since there really isn't a correct answer.

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  • htaccess rewriterule with order in url

    - by NRoscoe
    I'm trying to put together a rewrite rule for an Apache server. It should take 'order/###' and change it to 'order.php?id=###'. For some reason it's rewriting as 'order.php/###'. If I change it to anything other than 'order' my rule works fine. Anyone know what's going on? My .htaccess file looks like this: RewriteEngine on ## tighten host RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^mydomain\.com$ [NC] RewriteRule .? http://mydomain.com%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] ## Dynamic Pages RewriteRule ^order/([0-9]+)/?$ order.php?code=$1 [L,NC] ## Static Page Redirects RewriteRule ^prices$ /prices.php [L,NC] RewriteRule ^examples$ /examples.php [L,NC] I have no access to the httpd main server config file on the live server.

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  • Receiving broadcast packets using packet socket

    - by user314336
    Hello I try to send DHCP RENEW packets to the network and receive the responses. I broadcast the packet and I can see that it's successfully sent using Wireshark. But I have difficulties receiving the responses.I use packet sockets to catch the packets. I can see that there are responses to my RENEW packet using Wireshark, but my function 'packet_receive_renew' sometimes catch the packets but sometimes it can not catch the packets. I set the file descriptor using FDSET but the 'select' in my code can not realize that there are new packets for that file descriptor and timeout occurs. I couldn't make it clear that why it sometimes catches the packets and sometimes doesn't. Anybody have an idea? Thanks in advance. Here's the receive function. int packet_receive_renew(struct client_info* info) { int fd; struct sockaddr_ll sock, si_other; struct sockaddr_in si_me; fd_set rfds; struct timeval tv; time_t start, end; int bcast = 1; int ret = 0, try = 0; char buf[1500] = {'\0'}; uint8_t tmp[BUFLEN] = {'\0'}; struct dhcp_packet pkt; socklen_t slen = sizeof(si_other); struct dhcps* new_dhcps; memset((char *) &si_me, 0, sizeof(si_me)); memset((char *) &si_other, 0, sizeof(si_other)); memset(&pkt, 0, sizeof(struct dhcp_packet)); define SERVER_AND_CLIENT_PORTS ((67 << 16) + 68) static const struct sock_filter filter_instr[] = { /* check for udp */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_ABS, 9), BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, IPPROTO_UDP, 0, 4), /* L5, L1, is UDP? */ /* skip IP header */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LDX|BPF_B|BPF_MSH, 0), /* L5: */ /* check udp source and destination ports */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_W|BPF_IND, 0), BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, SERVER_AND_CLIENT_PORTS, 0, 1), /* L3, L4 */ /* returns */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0x0fffffff ), /* L3: pass */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0), /* L4: reject */ }; static const struct sock_fprog filter_prog = { .len = sizeof(filter_instr) / sizeof(filter_instr[0]), /* casting const away: */ .filter = (struct sock_filter *) filter_instr, }; printf("opening raw socket on ifindex %d\n", info->interf.if_index); if (-1==(fd = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_DGRAM, htons(ETH_P_IP)))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::socket"); return -1; } printf("got raw socket fd %d\n", fd); /* Use only if standard ports are in use */ /* Ignoring error (kernel may lack support for this) */ if (-1==setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter_prog, sizeof(filter_prog))) perror("packet_receive_renew::setsockopt"); sock.sll_family = AF_PACKET; sock.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_IP); //sock.sll_pkttype = PACKET_BROADCAST; sock.sll_ifindex = info->interf.if_index; if (-1 == bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sock, sizeof(sock))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::bind"); close(fd); return -3; } if (-1 == setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &bcast, sizeof(bcast))) { perror("packet_receive_renew::setsockopt"); close(fd); return -1; } FD_ZERO(&rfds); FD_SET(fd, &rfds); tv.tv_sec = TIMEOUT; tv.tv_usec = 0; ret = time(&start); if (-1 == ret) { perror("packet_receive_renew::time"); close(fd); return -1; } while(1) { ret = select(fd + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &tv); time(&end); if (TOTAL_PENDING <= (end - start)) { fprintf(stderr, "End receiving\n"); break; } if (-1 == ret) { perror("packet_receive_renew::select"); close(fd); return -4; } else if (ret) { new_dhcps = (struct dhcps*)calloc(1, sizeof(struct dhcps)); if (-1 == recvfrom(fd, buf, 1500, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&si_other, &slen)) { perror("packet_receive_renew::recvfrom"); close(fd); return -4; } deref_packet((unsigned char*)buf, &pkt, info); if (-1!=(ret=get_option_val(pkt.options, DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER, tmp))) { sprintf((char*)tmp, "%d.%d.%d.%d", tmp[0],tmp[1],tmp[2],tmp[3]); fprintf(stderr, "Received renew from %s\n", tmp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Couldnt get DHO_DHCP_SERVER_IDENTIFIER%s\n", tmp); close(fd); return -5; } new_dhcps->dhcps_addr = strdup((char*)tmp); //add to list if (info->dhcps_list) info->dhcps_list->next = new_dhcps; else info->dhcps_list = new_dhcps; new_dhcps->next = NULL; } else { try++; tv.tv_sec = TOTAL_PENDING - try * TIMEOUT; tv.tv_usec = 0; fprintf(stderr, "Timeout occured\n"); } } close(fd); printf("close fd:%d\n", fd); return 0; }

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  • Can you make a PHP function recursive without repeating it's name?

    - by alex
    It's always bugged me a recursive function needs to name itself, when a instantiated class can use $this and a static method can use self etc. Is there a similar way to do this in a recursive function without naming it again (just to cut down on maintenance)? Obviously I could use call_user_func or the __FUNCTION__ constant but I would prefer something less ugly. Update Thanks for your answers. I might stick to including the function name for simple functions, and make take the other approaches for anything more complicated.

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  • Preparing for Rails deployment

    - by Meltemi
    Getting ready to deploy a rails project on Mac OS X Leopard Server (such that it matters). Got a few questions for someone with Rails experience: where should directory containing the project go? inside the website's root folder or out? who should "own" that directory? www? root? something/someone else? hope to continue serving static pages via Apache... would like rails app to be served by mydomain/xxx/railsapp. is there a standard naming convention for 'xxx'? not expecting too much traffic to begin with...just like to keep things as simple as possible.

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  • Which is more efficient regular expression?

    - by Vagnerr
    I'm parsing some big log files and have some very simple string matches for example if(m/Some String Pattern/o){ #Do something } It seems simple enough but in fact most of the matches I have could be against the start of the line, but the match would be "longer" for example if(m/^Initial static string that matches Some String Pattern/o){ #Do something } Obviously this is a longer regular expression and so more work to match. However I can use the start of line anchor which would allow an expression to be discarded as a failed match sooner. It is my hunch that the latter would be more efficient. Can any one back me up/shoot me down :-)

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  • Doubt in abstract classes

    - by mohit
    public abstract class Person { private String name; public Person(String name) { this.name = name; System.out.println("Person"); } public String getName() { return name; } abstract public String getDescription(); } public class Student extends Person { private String major; public Student(String name, String major) { super(name); this.major = major; } public String getMajor() { return major; } @Override public String getDescription() { return "student" + super.getName() + " having" + major; } } public class PersonTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Person person = new Student("XYZ", "ABC"); System.out.println(person.getDescription()); } } Ques: We cannot create objects of abstract classes, then why Person Constructor has been invoked, even its an abstract class?

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  • Using a password to generate two distinct hashes without reducing password security

    - by Nevins
    Hi there, I'm in the process of designing a web application that will require the storage of GPG keys in an encrypted format in a database. I'm planning on storing the user's password in a bCrypt hash in the database. What I would like to be able to do is to use that bCrypt to authenticate the user then use the combination of the stored bCrypt hash and another hash of the password to encrypt and decrypt the GPG keys. My question is whether I can do this without reducing the security of the password? I was thinking I may be able to use something like an HMAC-SHA256 of a static string using the password and a salt as the secret key. Is there a better way to do this that I haven't thought of? Thanks

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  • PHP String Encoding Error

    - by Brian
    I'm trying to get the following code to output an IMG tag with the URL for Google Static Maps API http://code.google.com/apis/maps/documentation/staticmaps/#Imagesizes embedded in there... the result is that everything except the $address is being output successfully... what am I doing wrong? function event_map_img($echo = true){ global $post; $address = get_post_meta($post->ID, 'date_address', true); if($echo): echo '<img src="'.'http://maps.google.com/maps/api/staticmap?center='.$address.'&zoom=14&size=700x512&maptype=roadmap&markers=color:blue|label:X|'.$address.'&sensor=false" />'; else: return '<img src="'.'http://maps.google.com/maps/api/staticmap?center='.$address.'&zoom=14&size=700x512&maptype=roadmap&markers=color:blue|label:X|'.$address.'&sensor=false" />'; endif; }

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  • How can I request local pages in the background of an ASP.NET MVC app?

    - by flipdoubt
    My ASP.NET MVC app needs to run a set of tasks at startup and in the background at a regular interval. I have implemented each task as a controller action and listed the app-relative path to the action in the database. I implemented a TaskRunner process that gets the urls from the database and requests each one at a regular interval using WebRequest.Create, but this throws a UriFormatException. I cannot use this answer or any code that plucks values from HttpContext.Current.Request without getting an HttpException with the message "Request is not available in this context". The Request object is not available because my code uses System.Threading.Timer to do background processing, as recommended here. Here are my questions: Is there really no way to make local web requests within an ASP.NET web app? Is there really no way to dynamically ascertain the root path to the web app even using static dependencies in ASP.NET? I was trying to avoid storing the app's root path in the database (as FogBugz does with its "Maintenance Path"), but is this best option?

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  • Error in executing

    - by Saranya.R
    Hi........ I am interested in sending tweets using Java program.I wrote the following prgram.It doen't show any error in compiling.But while executing it shows "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: hi Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: hi at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:200) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:252) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320) Could not find the main class: hi. Program will exit." This is my code.. package twitter; //import java.lang.object; import net.unto.twitter.*; import net.unto.twitter.TwitterProtos.Status; public class hi { public static void main(String args[]) { Api api = Api.builder().username("usename").password("password").build(); api.updateStatus("This is a test message.").build().post(); } } Can anybody help me ..Pls

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  • understanding list[i-1] vs list[i]-1

    - by user3720527
    Hopefully this is a simple answer that I am just failing to understand. Full code is public static void mystery(int[] list) { for( int i = list.length - 1; i>1; i --) { if (list[i] > list[i - 1]) { list[i -1] = list[i] - 2; list[i]++; } } } } and lets say we are using a list of [2,3,4]. I know that it will output 2,2,5 but I am unclear how to actually work through it. I understand that the list.length is 3 here, and I understand that the for loop will only run once, but I am very unclear what happens at the list[i - 1] = list[i] - 2; area. Should it be list[2-1] = list[2] - 2? How does the two being outside the bracket effect it differently? Much thanks.

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  • Google App Engine JDO error could be caused by Serializable object ?

    - by Frank
    I got the following error mesage : java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException org.datanucleus.store.appengine.EntityUtils.getPropertyName(EntityUtils.java:62) org.datanucleus.store.appengine.DatastoreFieldManager.storeObjectField(DatastoreFieldManager.java:839) org.datanucleus.state.AbstractStateManager.providedObjectField(AbstractStateManager.java:1037) PayPal_Monitor.Contact_Info_Entry.jdoProvideField(Contact_Info_Entry.java) PayPal_Monitor.Contact_Info_Entry.jdoProvideFields(Contact_Info_Entry.java) org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManagerImpl.provideFields(JDOStateManagerImpl.java:2715) Could it be caused by my Contact_Info_Entry.java ? It looks like this : @PersistenceCapable(identityType=IdentityType.APPLICATION) public class Contact_Info_Entry implements Serializable { @PrimaryKey @Persistent(valueStrategy=IdGeneratorStrategy.IDENTITY) Long Id; public static final long serialVersionUID=26362862L; @Persistent String Contact_Id=""; ... }

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  • Create generic class instance throws TypeLoadException

    - by Elisa
    My TestLayer class has the namespace: "BLL.Infrastructure.TestLayer" and is inside the assembly: "BLL" public class LayerFactory<T, U> { public static IBaseLayer<T, U> Get() { var obj = Activator.CreateInstance("BLL", "BLL.Infrastructure.TestLayer", new object[] { (IBaseLayer<T, U>)null }); } } When I run the code the Activator throws an TypeLoadException with no more details Thats the concrete class it should create: GenericBaseLayer implements the IBaseLayer. public class TestLayer<T, U> : GenericBaseLayer<MyRequest, MyInfo.ActionType> { public TestLayer(IBaseLayer<MyRequest, MyInfo.ActionType> layer) : base(layer) { } } What do I wrong?

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  • Split a map using Groovy

    - by Tihom
    I want to split up a map into an array of maps. For example, if there is a map with 25 key/value pairs. I want an array of maps with no more than 10 elements in each map. How would I do this in groovy? I have a solution which I am not excited about, is there better groovy version: static def splitMap(m, count){ if (!m) return def keys = m.keySet().toList() def result = [] def num = Math.ceil(m?.size() / count) (1..num).each { def min = (it - 1) * count def max = it * count > keys.size() ? keys.size() - 1 : it * count - 1 result[it - 1] = [:] keys[min..max].each {k -> result[it - 1][k] = m[k] } } result } m is the map. Count is the max number of elements within the map.

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  • some logical error in taking up character in java

    - by Himanshu Aggarwal
    This is my code... class info{ public static void main (String[]args) throws IOException{ char gen; while(true) { //problem occurs with this while System.out.print("\nENTER YOUR GENDER (M/F) : "); gen=(char)System.in.read(); if(gen=='M' || gen=='F' || gen=='m' || gen=='f'){ break; } } System.out.println("\nGENDER = "+gen); } } This is my output... ENTER YOUR GENDER (M/F) : h ENTER YOUR GENDER (M/F) : ENTER YOUR GENDER (M/F) : ENTER YOUR GENDER (M/F) : m GENDER = m Could someone please help me understand why it is asking for the gender so many times.

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  • How can I refactor that code ? (state pattern ?)

    - by alex
    Hello guys, How can I refactor that code ? public enum enum1 { value1 = 0x01, value2 = 0x02, value3 = 0x03, value4 = 0x04, value5 = 0x05, UNKNOWN = 0xFF } class class1 { private const string STR_VALUE1 = "some text description of value1"; private const string STR_VALUE2 = "some text description of value2"; private const string STR_VALUE3 = "some text description of value3"; private const string STR_VALUE4 = "some text description of value4"; private const string STR_VALUE5 = "some text description of value5"; private const string STR_VALUE6 = "some text description of unknown type"; public static string GetStringByTypeCode(enum1 type) { switch(type) { case enum1.value1: return STR_VALUE1; case enum1.value2: return STR_VALUE2; case enum1.value3: return STR_VALUE3; case enum1.value4: return STR_VALUE4; case enum1.value5: return STR_VALUE5; default: return STR_VALUE6; } } } PS: there are many enum1...enumX and GetStringByTypeCode(enum1) ... GetStringByTypeCode(enumX) methods.

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  • How to handle failure to release a resource which is contained in a smart pointer?

    - by cj
    How should an error during resource deallocation be handled, when the object representing the resource is contained in a shared pointer? Smart pointers are a useful tool to manage resources safely. Examples of such resources are memory, disk files, database connections, or network connections. // open a connection to the local HTTP port boost::shared_ptr<Socket> socket = Socket::connect("localhost:80"); In a typical scenario, the class encapsulating the resource should be noncopyable and polymorphic. A good way to support this is to provide a factory method returning a shared pointer, and declare all constructors non-public. The shared pointers can now be copied from and assigned to freely. The object is automatically destroyed when no reference to it remains, and the destructor then releases the resource. /** A TCP/IP connection. */ class Socket { public: static boost::shared_ptr<Socket> connect(const std::string& address); virtual ~Socket(); protected: Socket(const std::string& address); private: // not implemented Socket(const Socket&); Socket& operator=(const Socket&); }; But there is a problem with this approach. The destructor must not throw, so a failure to release the resource will remain undetected. A common way out of this problem is to add a public method to release the resource. class Socket { public: virtual void close(); // may throw // ... }; Unfortunately, this approach introduces another problem: Our objects may now contain resources which have already been released. This complicates the implementation of the resource class. Even worse, it makes it possible for clients of the class to use it incorrectly. The following example may seem far-fetched, but it is a common pitfall in multi-threaded code. socket->close(); // ... size_t nread = socket->read(&buffer[0], buffer.size()); // wrong use! Either we ensure that the resource is not released before the object is destroyed, thereby losing any way to deal with a failed resource deallocation. Or we provide a way to release the resource explicitly during the object's lifetime, thereby making it possible to use the resource class incorrectly. There is a way out of this dilemma. But the solution involves using a modified shared pointer class. These modifications are likely to be controversial. Typical shared pointer implementations, such as boost::shared_ptr, require that no exception be thrown when their object's destructor is called. Generally, no destructor should ever throw, so this is a reasonable requirement. These implementations also allow a custom deleter function to be specified, which is called in lieu of the destructor when no reference to the object remains. The no-throw requirement is extended to this custom deleter function. The rationale for this requirement is clear: The shared pointer's destructor must not throw. If the deleter function does not throw, nor will the shared pointer's destructor. However, the same holds for other member functions of the shared pointer which lead to resource deallocation, e.g. reset(): If resource deallocation fails, no exception can be thrown. The solution proposed here is to allow custom deleter functions to throw. This means that the modified shared pointer's destructor must catch exceptions thrown by the deleter function. On the other hand, member functions other than the destructor, e.g. reset(), shall not catch exceptions of the deleter function (and their implementation becomes somewhat more complicated). Here is the original example, using a throwing deleter function: /** A TCP/IP connection. */ class Socket { public: static SharedPtr<Socket> connect(const std::string& address); protected: Socket(const std::string& address); virtual Socket() { } private: struct Deleter; // not implemented Socket(const Socket&); Socket& operator=(const Socket&); }; struct Socket::Deleter { void operator()(Socket* socket) { // Close the connection. If an error occurs, delete the socket // and throw an exception. delete socket; } }; SharedPtr<Socket> Socket::connect(const std::string& address) { return SharedPtr<Socket>(new Socket(address), Deleter()); } We can now use reset() to free the resource explicitly. If there is still a reference to the resource in another thread or another part of the program, calling reset() will only decrement the reference count. If this is the last reference to the resource, the resource is released. If resource deallocation fails, an exception is thrown. SharedPtr<Socket> socket = Socket::connect("localhost:80"); // ... socket.reset();

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  • Question About Abstract Classes?

    - by IbrarMumtaz
    URL: Link (1) According to this wesbite .. you cannot implement Abstract classes but derive from them. This makes sense and I have read this many times. Like an interface, you cannot implement an instance of an abstract class, however you can implement methods, fields, and properties in the abstract class that can be used by the child class. But on MSDN URL: TextWriter CLass on MSDN TextWriter is an abstract class but it has two constructors defined ... and according to the MS 70-536 book, the following statement is valid: TextWriter tw = new File.CreateText("myFile.Txt") The static file class and it's CreateText method is fine by me as I have studied it on MSDN but can somebody explain this little contradiction I have found? Surely I am not the first? Why is instantaion of base abstract classes possible????

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  • my .jar file won't do anything.

    - by David
    I created a program that more or less holds an array of strings as an object and randomly prints one. so basicaly class Happy { string[] namestrings = new string[#] constructor() { fill with some strings} public static void main (String[]arg) { create instance of class do some junk with it method that prints it } method that prints it {} another method } when i compile and run it on the command line it works fine but when on the comand line i type in jar -cf Happy.jar Fun.class i get a .jar file called Happy and when i click on it i get an error message that reads "the java Jar file happy could not be launched read the consol for possible error messages" I have a mac i'm running lepord if that makes a diference. Whats going on?

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  • Assigning a variable of a struct that contains an instance of a class to another variable

    - by xport
    In my understanding, assigning a variable of a struct to another variable of the same type will make a copy. But this rule seems broken as shown on the following figure. Could you explain why this happened? using System; namespace ReferenceInValue { class Inner { public int data; public Inner(int data) { this.data = data; } } struct Outer { public Inner inner; public Outer(int data) { this.inner = new Inner(data); } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Outer p1 = new Outer(1); Outer p2 = p1; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); p1.inner.data = 2; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); p2.inner.data = 3; Console.WriteLine("p1:{0}, p2:{1}", p1.inner.data, p2.inner.data); Console.ReadKey(); } } }

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