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  • rsync --link-dest behaviour when run as sudo

    - by fotNelton
    In order to create regular backups, I'm using rsync together with --link-dest so as to create hard-links for unchanged files. For example: rsync -ax \ --partial --delete --delete-excluded --inplace \ --exclude-from=/tmp/temp_excludes \ --link-dest=/Volumes/Backup/current \ /Users /Volumes/Backup/2012-06-25 This works very well as long as I start the process from my normal user account. Though as soon as I start the process using sudo it behaves erradically, meaning that rsync copies all the unchanged files instead of hard-linking them. Since sudo modifies the environment, I've already also tried sudo -E in conjunction with making sure that my sudoers file has the corresponding option set. Well, that didn't work either. So, the question is, how can I run rsync using sudo? Whereas the above example only shows a backup of the Users directory, I also need to backup some system files that I can only access as root.

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  • Can't read directory owned by my group

    - by Jonathan
    I moved the postgres data directory to a separate partition and it works great. The directory is owned by postgres user and postgres group. d-wx------ 11 postgres postgres 4.0K 2010-06-11 08:28 data/ I added myself to the group > sudo addgroup me postgres > groups me me : me adm dialout cdrom plugdev lpadmin admin sambashare postgres And gave the group read and execute permissions to everything in the directory. sudo chmod -R g+rx ./data d-wxr-x--- 11 postgres postgres 4.0K 2010-06-11 08:28 data/ But I still can not CD or LS the directory. > ls data ls: cannot open directory data: Permission denied What beginner mistake am I making?

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  • Encoding with FFmpeg using a FIFO

    - by Ashot Martirosyan
    Hello everyone. I'm trying to convert Flac audio file to AAC file using command line. So I wrote this ffmpeg -i input.flac temp.wav faac -q 120 -o output.m4a temp.wav It's working fine. Now I want to do the same using fifo, so I'm writing this mkfifo temp.wav ffmpeg -i input.flac temp.wav & faac -q 120 -o output.m4a temp.wav And it's freezing. So could you tall me what I'm doing wrong. Thanks a lot, and sorry for my English.

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  • After setting ulimit to unlimited, I am not able to login to machine

    - by user419534
    In one of requirment, I had to set ulimit on one of my machine to unlimited. For this I changed following in /etc/security/limits.conf as below # End of file oracle soft nofile unlimited oracle hard nofile unlimited oracle soft nproc 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 oracle soft core unlimited oracle hard core unlimited oracle soft memlock 50000000 oracle hard memlock 50000000 * soft nofile unlimited * hard nofile unlimited and changed /etc/profile if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p unlimited ulimit -n unlimited else ulimit -u unlimited -n unlimited fi fi I logged out. I am not able to connect ot machine at all. could you please someone help on this.

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  • The script not working as expected files dump path

    - by user3319390
    I have a script needs to be dump matching cname from my file contains and then matching scode to dump file to $cname/$year/$month/$day/ into files like access and error logs #!/bin/sh #base_dir="/home/vizion/Desktop" path="/home/vizion/Desktop/adn_DF9D_20140515_0005.log" name=$(basename "$path" ".log") for x in *.log; do year=${x:9:4}; month=${x:13:2}; day=${x:15:2}; done while read -r line do cname=$(echo ${line} | awk '{split($7,c,"/"); print c[3]}') scode=$(echo ${line} | awk -F"[ ]" '{print $9}') [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" [[ ( ${scode} -ge 200 ) && ( ${scode} -le 399 ) ]] && { # [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day/" echo ${line} >> /home/vizion/Desktop/$cname/$year/$month/$day/${cname}_${name}_access.log } [[ ( ${scode} -ge 400 ) && ( ${scode} -le 599 ) ]] && { [[ ! -d "$cname/$year/$month/$day" ]] && mkdir -p "$cname/$year/$month/$day" echo ${line} >> ${cname}_${name}_error.log } done < $path i am able to filter logs but not not dumping the exact location It's going other locations suggest to me correction in script

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  • Rpm removal does not remove delivered dirs and leaves garbage

    - by Jim
    I deliver an application via an RPM. This application delivers various directories and files. E.g. under /opt/internal/com a file structure is being copied. I was expecting that on rpm -e all the file structure delivered under /opt/internal/com will be removed. But it does not. There are directories in the file structure that are non-empty. Is this the reason? But these (non-empty) directories were created by the RPM installation. So I would expect that they would be "owned" by RPM and removed automatically. Is this wrong? Am I supposed to remove them manually?

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  • Automatically mount partition when needed

    - by David Parunakian
    Hello, Can anyone suggest a method of mounting a partition (e.g. an NFS share) when a user changes into the directory it is set to be mounted to, and not on the system startup? So far I've been unable to propose such a method, aside from editing BASH built-in cd implementation and forcing an fstab/mtab check before the working directory is actually changed.

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  • overload environment

    - by Richo
    I've recently switched across to nesting my home directory across all my machines in an svn repo, meaning that my utility scripts, configuration (irssi, vim, zsh, screen etc) as well as my .profile and so forth are easier to keep up to date across all the places I login. I use a set of sourced .local files to override them on a per site basis as required. As it stands, many of my scripts inherit some form of configuration, and for the most part I've been setting an environment variable in .profile, and then if needed on a per site basis overriding it in .profile.local This works great, but are there pitfalls in having a stack of environment variables? If I take my default environment from within an X session before any of my personal configuration I have not even increased it by 50% but some of the machines I work on are low resource, am I bloating my system unneccessarily, or being needlessly paranoid? Should I start moving this config into seperate flatfiles that are loaded as needed? This means extra infrastructure, or alternately writing a single module for storing config that all of my utilities can inherit.

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  • Autosaving on emacs or xemacs files (preferably on loss of focus)

    - by Spencer
    Ideally I want to replicate with emacs functionality from TextMate, whereby on loss of focus i.e. I click away from the buffer, my file saves. If this isn't possible, I want to customize emacs so that it will autosave the file for every character I write. When I say this I don't mean I want to autosave to the ~ backup files. I want to save the file I am currently working on. I am working on a Fedora VM. Note I am not looking for a backup or autosave. I want the file I am actually in to save, so that if I loaded the html file I am editing in a web browser it would reflect my new changes without me having to explicitly change it.

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  • Display CPU usage separately (without root privileges)

    - by synaptik
    I need to display the CPU usage for each processing core on a single shared-memory 12-core (SMP) machine. I don't have access to install htop, else I would simply use that. I don't need fancy graphs or meters, though they would be nice. For example, simply displaying: X X X X X X X X X X X X where each X is the percentage utilization of 1 of the 12 processing cores on my machine. FYI: I know I can simply look at the utilization in "top" and divide that number by the number of cores on my machine, but I prefer a solution that shows each core separately.

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  • How to execute a command whenever a file changes?

    - by Denilson Sá
    I want a quick and simple way to execute a command whenever a file changes. I want something very simple, something I will leave running on a terminal and close it whenever I'm finished working with that file. Currently, I'm using this: while read; do ./myfile.py ; done And then I need to go to that terminal and press Enter, whenever I save that file on my editor. What I want is something like this: while sleep_until_file_has_changed myfile.py ; do ./myfile.py ; done Or any other solution as easy as that. BTW: I'm using Vim, and I know I can add an autocommand to run something on BufWrite, but this is not the kind of solution I want now. Update: I want something simple, discardable if possible. What's more, I want something to run in a terminal because I want to see the program output (I want to see error messages). About the answers: Thanks for all your answers! All of them are very good, and each one takes a very different approach from the others. Since I need to accept only one, I'm accepting the one that I've actually used (it was simple, quick and easy-to-remember), even though I know it is not the most elegant.

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  • /etc/hosts: What is loghost? (fresh install of Solaris 10 update 9)

    - by cjavapro
    # # Internet host table # ::1 localhost 127.0.0.1 localhost XX.XX.XX.XX myserver loghost What is the purpose of loghost? If it was not for having loghost in there, all the /etc/hosts files on all the servers in this particular network could be identical. Edit: I looked at /etc/syslog.conf #ident "@(#)syslog.conf 1.5 98/12/14 SMI" /* SunOS 5.0 */ # # Copyright (c) 1991-1998 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. # All rights reserved. # # syslog configuration file. # # This file is processed by m4 so be careful to quote (`') names # that match m4 reserved words. Also, within ifdef's, arguments # containing commas must be quoted. # *.err;kern.notice;auth.notice /dev/sysmsg *.err;kern.debug;daemon.notice;mail.crit /var/adm/messages *.alert;kern.err;daemon.err operator *.alert root *.emerg * # if a non-loghost machine chooses to have authentication messages # sent to the loghost machine, un-comment out the following line: #auth.notice ifdef(`LOGHOST', /var/log/authlog, @loghost) mail.debug ifdef(`LOGHOST', /var/log/syslog, @loghost) # # non-loghost machines will use the following lines to cause "user" # log messages to be logged locally. # ifdef(`LOGHOST', , user.err /dev/sysmsg user.err /var/adm/messages user.alert `root, operator' user.emerg * ) Very interesting. when shutting down,, alerts go to all users probably through *.emerg * Looking at ifdef, it seems that the first parameter checks to see if current machine is a loghost, second parameter is what to do if it is and third parameter is what to do if it is not. Edit: If you want to test a logging rule you can use svcadm restart system-log to restart the logging service and then logger -p notice "test" to send a test log message where notice can be replaced with any type such as user.err, auth.notice, etc.

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  • Help updating cron entry using regular expressions

    - by Uday
    hi I am trying to update a cron entry NOT by using crontab -e but by shell commands. For example the cron entry is like this: 10 * * * * /home/localuser/foo.sh -b 1 -h 4 > foo_output.sh 2>&1 No i need edit the command line parameters part ONLY i.e -b 1 -h 4 to something else which will be coming in from the user. First thing would be to write the crontab to a tmp file and then manipulate that temp file. Now, is there an easy way to edit that line using SED or something? The crude way wud be to delete that entire line, write a new line with the entire expression and then load that into the cron. I am not very good with regular expressions. My system supports sed -i so was thinking this could be done in a single line command. Thanks in advance

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  • If a change the CPU, must I reinstall the OS?

    - by dag729
    Hi, as suggested by the title, I want to change CPU: actually I have two computers, one with Ubuntu running on an AMD Athlon 64 dual core 5200+ and the other with FreeBSD running on an AMD Sempron single core LE-1250. I would like to swap (I am not sure that this is the correct term...) the CPUs from one computer to the other one, that is take the dual core from the ubuntu pc and put it inside the freebsd pc and viceversa. The mobo is the same. Do you think I will encounter problems?

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  • DHCP server inside a virtual machine can't see other machines

    - by William
    Hi, I setup a private network from virtual machines and one of the machines is the DHCP server for the group. I want to specify a next-server for the DHCP server but I'm having trouble connecting to any of the machines that I lease IPs to. I'm just trying to do a simple ping/ssh to 10.0.0.252 (a machine with a lease) but it doesn't seem to respond. Any advice? I'm assuming I need to be able to connect to my next-server but maybe I'm wrong. Thanks.

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  • How to change the mail domain server so it's not displaying IP? Changing [email protected] to [email protected]

    - by Pavel
    Hi guys. I'm kinda a noob as a server admin so please bear with me. I've installed postfix mail server and everything is working fine but the 'from' box is displaying [email protected]. I want to set it up so it displays domainname.com instead of IP. I just hope you know what I mean. My main.cf in postfix folder looks like this: # See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version # Debian specific: Specifying a file name will cause the first # line of that file to be used as the name. The Debian default # is /etc/mailname. myorigin = /etc/mailname smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) biff = no # appending .domain is the MUA's job. append_dot_mydomain = no # Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings #delay_warning_time = 4h readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache # See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for # information on enabling SSL in the smtp client. myhostname = mail.thevinylfactory alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = mail.thevinylfactory.com, thevinylfactory, localhost.localdomain, localhost relayhost = mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all Can anyone help me with this one? If you need any more details please let me know. Thanks in advance!

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  • Apache, Permissions, and Convenience

    - by Mike
    I'm on Mac OSX and i I have apache2 installed via MacPorts, running as the _www user. I have some files I want to serve in the /Users/Me/Documents/abc folder. Right now, though, the permissions of /Users/Me/Documents are 700. So, _www can't get in, even if abc is chmod 777. I recognize the following options: Allow _www access to my Documents folder. Put the files I want to share outside of my Documents folder. Hard-link the files outside of my Documents folder, and point apache to the hard links. None of these solutions are acceptable to me, however. I don't feel safe allowing _www access to my entire Documents folder. I really want to keep the files in my Documents folder for other reasons. The files are changing all the time, so hard-linking would not always reflect the right file structure, and, as I understand it, you can't hard-link a directory (though, if you could, that would solve it). Any ideas for a solution? Is there a way to run a few httpd processes as my user account so it can get in there? Or, is there some way to hard-link a directory, or some way to get httpd to follow a symlink past a directory that is 700 not owned by _www? Thanks!

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  • determine the archetecture of a mac from the command line or script?

    - by Brian Postow
    I'm writing a shell script, and I need to know the archetecture, ie PPC or Intel. Back in the day, there was a program /bin/arch that told you, but my mac doesn't seem to have it... Is there an easy way I can do this? Grep for something in a logfile? call some other program that spits that out as a side effect? It would be nice to know what OS Version I'm running too, but that may not be necessary. thanks

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  • Title: Better logging for cronjob output

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I am looking for a better way to log cronjobs. Most cronjobs tend to spam email or the console, get ignored, or create yet another logfile. In this case, I have a Nagios NSCA script which sends data to a central Nagios sever. This send_nsca script also prints a single status line to STDOUT, indicating success or failure. 0 * * * * root /usr/local/nagios/sbin/nsca_check_disk This emails the following message to root@localhost, which is then forwarded to my team of sysadmins. Spam. forwarded nsca_check_disk: 1 data packet(s) sent to host successfully. I'm looking for a log method which: Doesn't spam the messages to email or the console Don't create yet another krufty logfile which requires cleanup months or years later. Capture the log information somewhere, so it can be viewed later if desired. Works on most unixes Fits into an existing log infrastructure. Uses common syslog conventions like 'facility' Some of these are third party scripts, and don't always do logging internally.

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  • Solaris 11 installed, no updates?

    - by Paul De Niro
    I was messing around with solaris and decided to give Solaris 11 a try so I downloaded it from the Oracle website. After installing the OS, I went into the package manager and did an update. It told me that there were to available updates! I find this hard to believe considering that it's running a vulnerable version of firefox and java, its own in-house software product! Many of the other software products that came with the default install are also out of date and vulnerable. Is this normal for an Oracle install, or did I do something wrong with the upgrade process? I typed "pkg update" at the prompt, and I noticed that it did call out to pkg.oracle.com looking for updates. I find it bizarre that there are no updates available for an OS that was released a couple months ago with vulnerable software...

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  • How to avoid duplicates when copying files that have been renamed at the destination

    - by Benoitt
    I have to get pictures from a folder – with subfolders which are updated automatically – with their extensions. These files have to be copied in a folder where a website based on PHP will edit them (by renaming and creating an XML file) to be downloadable and integrated in an XML feed. Because of the rename function of the script, when I perform the copy gain, all the files are duplicated, because the script has renamed the original ones already. I've tried a few things with rsync but I'm looking for something more powerful because I can't copy files with an external "history". #!/bin/bash find '/home/name/picture' -name '*.jpg' | while read FILE ; do rsync --backup --backup-dir=incremental --suffix=.old "$FILE" /var/www/media ; done wget --spider 'http://myscript.php' ; #exit 0 PS: As a little addition, I'd like to replace '.' with a 'space' just after the *.jpeg copy. My PHP script has some problem to define files with comma because of the extension. I'm finking about a command with find – like I did before – with a sed function? Is that a good idea?

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  • /dev/shm (shared memory) on linux

    - by Kirzilla
    Hello, Let's imagine that we have 8Gb of RAM on server. I'm mounting /dev/shm with 4Gb on board. mount -o remount,size=4G /dev/shm Will this memory be strictly reserved for shared memory or if /dev/shm is empty this memory could be used by regular applications (web server, php etc.)? PS:Sorry for my English. I'm asking it because I've just checked df -h and found tmpfs 6.0G 0 6.0G 0% /dev/shm on 8Gb RAM sever. I don't know who made this setup, but it seems to me awful. Thank you!

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