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• I need help converting a C# string from one character encoding to another?

  - by Handleman

  According to Spolsky I can't call myself a developer, so there is a lot of shame behind this question... Scenario: From a C# application, I would like to take a string value from a SQL db and use it as the name of a directory. I have a secure (SSL) FTP server on which I want to set the current directory using the string value from the DB. Problem: Everything is working fine until I hit a string value with a "special" character - I seem unable to encode the directory name correctly to satisfy the FTP server. The code example below uses "special" character é as an example uses WinSCP as an external application for the ftps comms does not show all the code required to setup the Process "_winscp". sends commands to the WinSCP exe by writing to the process standardinput for simplicity, does not get the info from the DB, but instead simply declares a string (but I did do a .Equals to confirm that the value from the DB is the same as the declared string) makes three attempts to set the current directory on the FTP server using different string encodings - all of which fail makes an attempt to set the directory using a string that was created from a hand-crafted byte array - which works Process _winscp = new Process(); byte[] buffer; string nameFromString = "Sinéad O'Connor"; _winscp.StandardInput.WriteLine("cd \"" + nameFromString + "\""); buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(nameFromString); _winscp.StandardInput.WriteLine("cd \"" + Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer) + "\""); buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(nameFromString); _winscp.StandardInput.WriteLine("cd \"" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer) + "\""); byte[] nameFromBytes = new byte[] { 83, 105, 110, 130, 97, 100, 32, 79, 39, 67, 111, 110, 110, 111, 114 }; _winscp.StandardInput.WriteLine("cd \"" + Encoding.Default.GetString(nameFromBytes) + "\""); The UTF8 encoding changes é to 101 (decimal) but the FTP server doesn't like it. The ASCII encoding changes é to 63 (decimal) but the FTP server doesn't like it. When I represent é as value 130 (decimal) the FTP server is happy, except I can't find a method that will do this for me (I had to manually contruct the string from explicit bytes). Anyone know what I should do to my string to encode the é as 130 and make the FTP server happy and finally elevate me to level 1 developer by explaining the only single thing a developer should understand?

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• Feedback on Optimizing C# NET Code Block

  - by Brett Powell

  I just spent quite a few hours reading up on TCP servers and my desired protocol I was trying to implement, and finally got everything working great. I noticed the code looks like absolute bollocks (is the the correct usage? Im not a brit) and would like some feedback on optimizing it, mostly for reuse and readability. The packet formats are always int, int, int, string, string. try { BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(clientStream); int packetsize = reader.ReadInt32(); int requestid = reader.ReadInt32(); int serverdata = reader.ReadInt32(); Console.WriteLine("Packet Size: {0} RequestID: {1} ServerData: {2}", packetsize, requestid, serverdata); List<byte> str = new List<byte>(); byte nextByte = reader.ReadByte(); while (nextByte != 0) { str.Add(nextByte); nextByte = reader.ReadByte(); } // Password Sent to be Authenticated string string1 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(str.ToArray()); str.Clear(); nextByte = reader.ReadByte(); while (nextByte != 0) { str.Add(nextByte); nextByte = reader.ReadByte(); } // NULL string string string2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(str.ToArray()); Console.WriteLine("String1: {0} String2: {1}", string1, string2); // Reply to Authentication Request MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(); BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(stream); writer.Write((int)(1)); // Packet Size writer.Write((int)(requestid)); // Mirror RequestID if Authenticated, -1 if Failed byte[] buffer = stream.ToArray(); clientStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); clientStream.Flush(); } I am going to be dealing with other packet types as well that are formatted the same (int/int/int/str/str), but different values. I could probably create a packet class, but this is a bit outside my scope of knowledge for how to apply it to this scenario. If it makes any difference, this is the Protocol I am implementing. http://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/Source_RCON_Protocol

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• hash password in mssql (asp.net)

  - by ile

  Is this how hashed password stored in mssql should look like? This is function I use to hash password (I found it in some tutorial) public string EncryptPassword(string password) { //we use codepage 1252 because that is what sql server uses byte[] pwdBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(1252).GetBytes(password); byte[] hashBytes = System.Security.Cryptography.MD5.Create().ComputeHash(pwdBytes); return Encoding.GetEncoding(1252).GetString(hashBytes); } Thanks, Ile

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• Why use buffers to read/write Streams

  - by James Hay

  Following reading various questions on reading and writing Streams, all the various answers define something like this as the correct way to do it: private void CopyStream(Stream input, Stream output) { byte[] buffer = new byte[16 * 1024]; int read; while ((read = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0) { output.Write(buffer, 0, read); } } Two questions: Why read and write in these smaller chunks? What is the significance of the buffer size used?

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• Java: Multithreading & UDP Socket Programming

  - by Ravi

  I am new to multithreading & socket programming in Java. I would like to know what is the best way to implement 2 threads - one for receiving a socket and one for sending a socket. If what I am trying to do sounds absurd, pls let me know why! The code is largely inspired from Sun's tutorials online.I want to use Multicast sockets so that I can work with a multicast group. class server extends Thread { static protected MulticastSocket socket = null; protected BufferedReader in = null; public InetAddress group; private static class receive implements Runnable { public void run() { try { byte[] buf = new byte[256]; DatagramPacket pkt = new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length); socket.receive(pkt); String received = new String(pkt.getData(),0,pkt.getLength()); System.out.println("From server@" + received); Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Error:"+e); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println("Error:"+e); } } } public server() throws IOException { super("server"); socket = new MulticastSocket(4446); group = InetAddress.getByName("239.231.12.3"); socket.joinGroup(group); } public void run() { while(1>0) { try { byte[] buf = new byte[256]; DatagramPacket pkt = new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length); //String msg = reader.readLine(); String pid = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName(); buf = pid.getBytes(); pkt = new DatagramPacket(buf,buf.length,group,4446); socket.send(pkt); Thread t = new Thread(new receive()); t.start(); while(t.isAlive()) { t.join(1000); } sleep(1); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Error:"+e); } catch (InterruptedException e) { System.out.println("Error:"+e); } } //socket.close(); } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { new server().start(); //System.out.println("Hello"); } }

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• Bluetooth communications with C#

  - by Abdulaziz

  hello, I want to write 2 programs with C# one work on PC, the other work on a windows mobile phone. So I want the PC program to send a signal via Bluetooth ( 1 byte maybe) to the windows mobile phone. and the mobile program (which work on background) handles and accepts this byte without the need of pairing. how to code this? please I need any kind of help.

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• Find most significant bit (left-most) that is set in a bit array

  - by Claudiu

  I have a bit array implementation where the 0th index is the MSB of the first byte in an array, the 8th index is the MSB of the second byte, etc... What's a fast way to find the first bit that is set in this bit array? All the related solutions I have looked up find the first least significant bit, but I need the first most significant one. So, given 0x00A1, I want 9.

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• input string was not in a correct format?

  - by Surya sasidhar

  hi, In my application i write the code like this byte [] byt=new byte[ Convert.ToSbyte(textbox1.tex)]; it is giving the error that input string was not in a correct format.

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• Android , Read in binary data and write it to file

  - by Shpongle

  Hi all , Im trying to read in image file from a server , with the code below . It keeps going into the exception. I know the correct number of bytes are being sent as I print them out when received. Im sending the image file from python like so #open the image file and read it into an object imgfile = open (marked_image, 'rb') obj = imgfile.read() #get the no of bytes in the image and convert it to a string bytes = str(len(obj)) #send the number of bytes self.conn.send( bytes + '\n') if self.conn.sendall(obj) == None: imgfile.flush() imgfile.close() print 'Image Sent' else: print 'Error' Here is the android part , this is where I'm having the problem. Any suggestions on the best way to go about receiving the image and writing it to a file ? //read the number of bytes in the image String noOfBytes = in.readLine(); Toast.makeText(this, noOfBytes, 5).show(); byte bytes [] = new byte [Integer.parseInt(noOfBytes)]; //create a file to store the retrieved image File photo = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "PostKey.jpg"); DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(link.getInputStream()); try{ os =new FileOutputStream(photo); byte buf[]=new byte[1024]; int len; while((len=dis.read(buf))>0) os.write(buf,0,len); Toast.makeText(this, "File recieved", 5).show(); os.close(); dis.close(); }catch(IOException e){ Toast.makeText(this, "An IO Error Occured", 5).show(); } EDIT: I still cant seem to get it working. I have been at it since and the result of all my efforts have either resulted in a file that is not the full size or else the app crashing. I know the file is not corrupt before sending server side. As far as I can tell its definitely sending too as the send all method in python sends all or throws an exception in the event of an error and so far it has never thrown an exception. So the client side is messed up . I have to send the file from the server so I cant use the suggestion suggested by Brian .

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• C# AES returns wrong Test Vectors

  - by ralu

  I need to implement some crypto protocol on C# and want to say that this is my first project in C#. After spending some time to get used on C# I found out that I am unable to get compliant AES vectors. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.IO; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { public static void Main() { try { //test vectors from "ecb_vk.txt" byte[] key = { 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; byte[] data = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }; byte[] encTest = { 0x0e, 0xdd, 0x33, 0xd3, 0xc6, 0x21, 0xe5, 0x46, 0x45, 0x5b, 0xd8, 0xba, 0x14, 0x18, 0xbe, 0xc8 }; AesManaged aesAlg = new AesManaged(); aesAlg.BlockSize = 128; aesAlg.Key = key; aesAlg.Mode = CipherMode.ECB; ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(); MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write); StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt); swEncrypt.Write(data); swEncrypt.Close(); csEncrypt.Close(); msEncrypt.Close(); aesAlg.Clear(); byte[] encr; encr = msEncrypt.ToArray(); string datastr = BitConverter.ToString(data); string encrstr = BitConverter.ToString(encr); string encTestStr = BitConverter.ToString(encTest); Console.WriteLine("data: {0}", datastr); Console.WriteLine("encr: {0}", encrstr); Console.WriteLine("should: {0}", encTestStr); Console.ReadKey(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine("Error: {0}", e.Message); } } } } Output is wrong: data: 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 encr: A0-3C-C2-22-A4-32-F7-C9-BA-36-AE-73-66-BD-BB-A3 should: 0E-DD-33-D3-C6-21-E5-46-45-5B-D8-BA-14-18-BE-C8 I am sure that there is correct AES implementation in C#, so I need some advice from C# wizard to help whit this. Thanks

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• Image Handler for Sharepoint Not Working

  - by Peter

  My ImageHandler.ashx is not working when the webpart is calling it. any ideas on what is the correct way on calling or adding a handler in sharepoint? Thanks in advance Here My ImageHandler.ashx code byte[] buffer = (byte[])image.ImageData; context.Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg"; context.Response.OutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); In my webpart imgcontrol.ImageUrl = "ImageHandler.aspx?id=1";

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• Store files in C# EXE file

  - by sublay

  It is actually useful for me to store some files in EXE to copy to selected location. I'm generating HTML and JS files and need to copy some CSS, JS and GIFs. Snippet System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes(@"C:\MyFile.bin", ProjectNamespace.Properties.Resources.MyFile); doesn't work for me! On "WriteAllBytes" it says: "cannot convert from 'System.Drawing.Bitmap' to 'byte[]'" for image and "cannot convert from 'string' to 'byte[]'" for text file. Help!

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• javax.activation.DataSource size question

  - by folone

  How do I get the amount of physical memory, consumed by the DataSource (specifically — ByteArrayDataSource)? I use ByteArrayDataSource (byte[] bytes, String type) constructor, where I get bytes like this: String str = "test"; byte[] bytes = str.getBytes(); Would that be str.length() in bytes? Any other ideas?

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• java: converting part of a ByteBuffer to a string

  - by Jason S

  I have a ByteBuffer containing bytes that were derived by String.getBytes(charsetName), where "containing" means that the string comprises the entire sequence of bytes between the ByteBuffer's position() and limit(). What's the best way for me to get the string back? (assuming I know the encoding charset) Is there anything better than the following (which seems a little clunky) byte[] ba = new byte[bbuf.remaining()]; bbuf.get(ba); try { String s = new String(ba, charsetName); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { /* take appropriate action */ }

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• Show pdf in the browser in asp.net mvc

  - by Pankaj

  I have a tab on my page, when i click on this tab, i need to show a pdf file on page(browser). For this i am writing function on control like this public ActionResult PricedPdf(string projID,string fileName) { byte[] bArr = new byte[] { }; bArr =getdata(); return File(bArr, System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application.Pdf, fileName+".pdf"); } Now my problem is when i render this, page only show some unreadable data not pdf.

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• How to implement the Tea Algorithm with objective c ?

  - by superly

  hi,all i am a new object-c developer,i wanna implement Tea Algorithm, but i don't know more about the byte infomation ,so i cant control the string byte stream .who can tall me how to implement this Algorithm. thanks.

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• Regular expression that matches valid IPv6 addresses

  - by Readonly

  I'm having trouble writing a regular expression that matches valid IPv6 addresses, including those in their compressed form (with "::" or leading zeros omitted from each byte pair). Can someone suggest a regular expression that would fulfill the requirement? I'm considering expanding each byte pair and matching the result with a simpler regex.

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• C#. Where struct methods code kept in memory?

  - by maxima120

  It is somewhat known where .NET keeps value types in memory (mostly in stack but could be in heap in certain circumstances etc)... My question is - where is the code of the struct? If I have say 16 byte of data fields in the struct and a massive computation method in it - I am presuming that 16 byte will be copied in stack and the method code is stored somewhere else and is shared for all instances of the struct. Are these presumptions correct?

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• Converting a C++ Checksum function to Java

  - by user1897599

  I'm trying to convert this C++ checksum to Java but for the time being I've failed. What am I doing wrong? What is it supposed to do? It is supposed to return a positive checksum for a buffer in OpenGL Here's the C part. DWORD QuickChecksum(DWORD *data, int size){ if(!data) { return 0x0; } DWORD sum; DWORD tmp; sum = *data; for(int i = 1; i < (size/4); i++) { tmp = data[i]; tmp = (DWORD)(sum >> 29) + tmp; tmp = (DWORD)(sum >> 17) + tmp; sum = (DWORD)(sum << 3) ^ tmp; } return sum; } And here is what I have tried in Java. As far As I know DWORD is 32bit so I use int in a long to get a unsigned int which should be done in java with ? I've been looking at this problem so much now that I've grown blind to it. public static long getChecksum(byte[] data, int size) { long sum, tmp; sum = getInt(new byte[]{data[0], data[1], data[2], data[3]},true) & 0xFF; for(int I = 4; I < data.length; I += 4) { tmp = getInt(new byte[]{data[I],data[I+1],data[I+2],data[I+3]},true) & 0xFF; tmp = (sum >>> 29) + tmp; tmp = (sum >>> 17) + tmp; sum = (sum << 3) ^ tmp; } return sum & 0xFF; } private static int getInt(byte[] bytes, boolean big) { ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes); return bb.getInt(); } Thank you all for your help!

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• Simple stream read/write question in java

  - by Marius

  Hi, I'm trying to upload a file via URLConnection, but i need to read/write it as a binary file without any encoding changes. So i've tried to read byte[] array from FileInputStream, but now i have an issue. The PrintWriter object i use for outputing to the server does not allow me to do writer.write(content) (where content is of type byte[]). How can i fix this? Or is there another way to quickly copy binary data from a FileInputStream to a PrintWriter? Thank you

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• GC generation 3 appearing in windbg

  - by Johnv2020

  I've a dump file of a process I'm running (trying to find a memory leak) One thing I've noticed is that when I dump the bigger objects via !do windbg tells me that they are GC generation 3 ?? All of these are byte arrays so when I look at all the byte arrays in the dump I can see GC generations 0, 1, 2 & 3. Could someone explain whats going on here as I thought there was only 3 generations of GC.

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• UnicodeDecodeError in pyton 2.7

  - by user2913962

  i try to write this code to process Arabic language by python import codecs file = codecs.open("C:\Python27\CCA_raw_utf8.txt","r","utf-8") text= file.read() #################################### print "\n "," --------------------------------------------" text=text[1:] words=text.split() for w in words: if w == unicode ("?????","utf-8"): print w but it doesn't and take error " if w == unicode ("?????","utf-8"): UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xc7 in position 0: invalid continuation byte " why program gives this result and how we can correct that??

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• Why can't your switch statement data type be long Java?

  - by Fostah

  Here's an excerpt from Sun's Java tutorials: A switch works with the byte, short, char, and int primitive data types. It also works with enumerated types (discussed in Classes and Inheritance) and a few special classes that "wrap" certain primitive types: Character, Byte, Short, and Integer (discussed in Simple Data Objects ). There must be a good reason why the long primitive data type is not allowed. Anyone know what it is?

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• How to write ASCII special characters in a .Net string

  - by JimDaniel

  Suppose I want to use the ASCII special character FS(0x1C) in a .Net string, and then be able to format a byte array from that same string with the special character properly represented as a single byte, how would I do that? I can't seem to get my head around it. Thanks for any help you can give.

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• Python : Convert from C-Char to Int

  - by cuband

  I have a string read in from a binary file that is unpacked using struct.unpack as a string of length n. Each byte in the string is a single integer (1-byte) representing 0-255. So for each character in the string I want to convert it to an integer. I can't figure out how to do this. Using ord doesn't seem to be on the right track...

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