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• Modifying the install environment for RH-like installations

  - by javanix

  I am trying to modify the basic installation environment (ie, what Anaconda runs in) for a customized CentOS distribution. For the first try, I would just like to modify a few of the splash images. My initial attempt to do this entailed: 1) Mount images/install.img to a directory ~/img/ 2) Copy all files from img/ to ~/tmpimg/ 3) Modify the splash images 4) mkisofs -o ~/final/install.img 5) cp ~/final/install.img back to my ~/cdroot/ folder and remake the iso. However, the generated .img in step 4 doesn't even come close to matching the file size from the original install.img (meaning that install.img must be created in some other fashion using compression), and it fails when I boot my iso. What settings should I be using to make the install.img file? Is there some other technique for modifying CentOS install environments?

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• Why can't I create a Windows backup on my secondary disk?

  - by Brian Sullivan

  I've installed Windows 7 Ultimate on an SSD that I've added to the XPS desktop that I bought from Dell. I would like to use the built-in backup functionality to create incremental backups and store them on the large drive that came with the machine. I formatted the large drive and turned it into a Basic disk. However, when I try to set the backup location to the large internal disk (E:\) in the "Set up backup" wizard, a get a message saying, "A system image cannot be saved on a drive that your computer boots from or that Windows is installed on." Windows is not installed on that disk. I even deleted the OEM partition that was on the disk, and removed it completely from the boot order in the BIOS. Any clue why Windows is griping at me about this?

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• USB keyboard not working under Windows 7 x64?

  - by Comboo

  I have two USB keyboards, one no-name cheap thing and an old Logitech. When I plug them in to my computer they pop up in Device Manager as an "Unknown device" and "USB-receiver", respectively. Both of them fail to install any drivers, neither automatically or through Windows Update. Both keyboards work perfectly on another computer I have with Windows Vista 32-bit. Can this be one of those cases where a device does not work in a 64-bit version of Windows? I doubt it though since I've never had that problem before with any device and I thought that basic things like keyboards would be kind of failsafe. I don't really know how to start debugging this issue. I've tried all the obvious, rebooting, changing the USB port, etc. Are there any generic x64 keyboard drivers you can use? Is there any way to find the manufacturer of the keyboard over USB? There is nothing written on it.

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• Explaining Git to someone new to revision control

  - by MaxMackie

  I've recently decided to jump into the whole world of revision control to work on some open source projects I have. I looked around (subversion, mercurial, git, etc) and found that Git seemed to make more sense conceptually to me. I've set everything up on my computer (opensuse) and made an account on gitorious (let me know if there is a more simple/better hosting provider). I understand Git from a conceptual point of view (work locally, commit to a local repo, others can now checkout from you, right?). But where does gitorious come into play? I commit to them as well as committing locally? Apart from conceptually, I don't quite understand HOW it works when it comes to making a local repository and running git init inside a folder and that HEAD file. Keep in mind I have never used any form of revision control ever before. So even the most basic concepts are foreign to me. As I post this, I'm also reading up and trying to figure it out myself.

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• Setup Apache Password Protection

  - by Jiew Meng

  I have some difficulties setting up password protection in Apache In .htaccess, I have AuthUserFile /var/www/vhosts/domain.net/httpdocs/.htpasswd AuthGroupFile /dev/null AuthName "Test Server" AuthType Basic require user testuser Then in .htpasswd, I have something like testuser:encrypted password The problem now is I forgot what .htpasswd generator I used. When I try to add a new user and password, it doesn't work. eg. when I put require user newuser it fails always (prompt keeps reappearing). Then when I revert to testuser it works How can I setup such that I have 1 or some "admins" that can access everything and viewers that can view only specific folders ... eg / - only admins /folder1 - only admins or folder1's users /folder2 - only admins or folder2's users Also what do I do to not allow showing of directory listing

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• my laptop ibm thinkpad x32 showing black screen after booting

  - by forweb

  Thanks in advance. Well i have a laptop of IBM thinkpad x32. Windowx xp installed. So, the problem is that: The basic problem is the Black Screen but it's not means that laptop doesn't power-up or boot-up, sometimes after booting, screen will off and notable thing is that after black screen computer is still running all keyboard lights are on, and when i tried to again start it, it will boot ok but after some time screen will gone, and sometimes this happens during booting screen, even sometimes screen black out at win XP user login page, means after some seconds or min screen will gone. Hope you can understand my problem

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• If using a bootable Ubuntu USB drive, can I use the internal hard drive as a temporary download and

  - by NoCatharsis

  I am new to Linux, so this is probably a basic problem... My flash drive is only 4GB in size and that is not enough to hold kernel and other package updates, even if only temporary. I am actually using Kubuntu, but I don't think this would change the nature of the question...? I would just like to be able to set my download directory to the internal drive to download the upgrades, then replace the old versions installed on the USB. Of course I have no use for keeping the older versions, so would I also have to manually remove those after upgrading?

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• What is a safe way to dispose of personal info on an old laptop and what to do with said laptop?

  - by MikeN

  I have an old laptop someone gave me that only has 64Megs of RAM on it and runs WIN XP. I wanted to wipe the drive clean by installing Ubuntu Desktop to remove any shred of personal information on it and to make it useful to someone else. But the Ubuntu installer keeps failing because there is not enough RAM. Is there another version of Linux that would easily install on a 64 Megs of RAM system? 2nd part of question, what do I do with this old laptop? It doesn't have a battery anymore and has to be plugged into the wall to run. Assuming I can install a good Linux distro on it, who do I give it to? Salvation Army? I'm looking to just have it be useful to someone or some organization for spare parts or some basic computer usage.

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• free Raw-File Converter/Editor

  - by RCIX

  I have RAW files output by a program with a specific set of properties (Photoshop RAW, 16 bits, IBM PC byte order, no header, 1 non-interleaved channel, variable sizes like 257X257 or 129X513); does anyone know of a free tool that will allow me to convert to and from this format, and possibly do basic editing (selection, copy/paste, rotation of selection)? I've tried Picasa, XNView, and Paint Shop Pro 7 and none of them work properly. The closest i get is Paint Shop Pro which will at least make a serviceable attempt to open these files but i can't set all of the proper settings. XNView just might be able to edit it if i can figure out how to change the open settings for a particular raw file. So my questions at current are: how do i tell XNView to open a raw file a particular way? Failing that, is there any free tool that can open Photoshop-RAW files with the above settings (that's not photoshop)? If it helps, i'm trying to import/export/edit hieghtmap data for maps for Supreme Commander.

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• Enabling SFTP Access within PLESK

  - by spelley

  I have a client who wants to ensure his upload is secure, so we are trying to enable SFTP for him on our Linux PLESK server. I have enabled SSH access to bin/bash for FTP accounts, and created a new user. When I attempt to SFTP using either the IP address or the domain name, this is the error FileZilla is giving me: Error: Authentication failed. Error: Critical error Error: Could not connect to server Here is some basic information regarding the server: Operating system Linux 2.6.24.5-20080421a Plesk Control Panel version psa v8.6.0_build86080930.03 os_CentOS 5 I had read in some places that I should reboot the SSH Service in Server - Services, however, there is no SSH Service within the list. I'm not really a server guy so it's quite possible I'm missing something obvious. Thanks for any help that you guys can provide!

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• Can I find the session ID for a user logged on to another machine?

  - by Dan

  I want to open an application on another computer on the same network via the command line. The scenario here is that the user is in a room surrounded by about 20 computers and wants to be able to launch the same app on every computer without walking from screen to screen opening it up on each individual machine. I've discovered that I can get the basic functionality for this using PsExec as follows: psexec \\[computer] -u [username] -p [password] -d -i [SessionID] [program] For computer, username, password, and program, I'm good. Does anyone know of a way I can figure out which SessionID is assigned to a particular user logged on to a particular machine on the network? Alternately, is there a better way to go about what I'm trying to accomplish?

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• estimating size of reply HTTP headers

  - by Guanidene

  I am trying to download a file via a basic socket connection, using a HTTP GET request. So, I have to specify how many bytes of data coming in I have to read from the socket. However, I am having trouble deciding the amount of data (say, in bytes) the server would reply back with. I know that there is a "Content-Length" field in the reply sent by server, but that gives me the size of the actual data (without the http headers). Is there a way to get the exact size of HTTP headers sent by the server or an estimation is required? (I am doing this for downloading on a mobile network, where every bit of data matters in terms of time and money, so I don't wish to make an unnecessary larger estimate of the header size.)

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• Extremely slow startup of tomcat

  - by Henrik

  I have a tomcat 7 installation on a Solaris 10 server. My problem is that starting the server (or deploying a new war) is extremely slow. It usually take 30 - 60 minutes. The war application is a medium sized grails application so there are quite a a lot of files. The server is running other server applications as well but from my basic skills I don't see this as a problem. Can anyone give me some tips on how to analyse this? Settings in Tomcat, java, server, disc access or something else? I use these parameters to tomcat: CATALINA_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote=true -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -server -Xms1536m -Xmx1536m -XX:NewSize=256m -XX:MaxNewSize=256m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+DisableExplicitGC" And I use a 32 bit java 1.6.

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• Error opening microsoft.com with Google Chrome

  - by Ilnur

  Hi! I need help with my browsers. In my OS (windows 7 basic) installed 2 browsers: IE 8 and Google Chrome. When I trying to open pages, which associated with microsoft.com (like ms live and others), my browser crashes. IE 8 crashes too. But Opera (I've installed it later) works fine with that pages. P.S. I tried to search the trojan software and viruses. But my PC is clean.

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• Reverse Engineer Formula

  - by aaronls

  Are there any free programs or web services for reverse engineering a formula given a set of inputs and outputs? Consider if had 3 columns of data. The first two numbers are inputs, and the last one is an output: 3,4,7 1,4,5 4,2,6 The outputs could be produced with simply a+b, but there could be many formulas that would give the same result of course. I am talking about data without any error or deviation, and I think the formula would only need basic operations(divide, multiply, add, sutbract) and possibly use one of floor/ceiling/round.

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• ADD ROUTE command in windows 2008R2

  - by Mehrdad Kamelzadeh

  I don't know much about Networking, So excuse me if I am raising some basic issues. I have a LAN where there is a Windows Server 2008R2 with some clients connected to it. The clients are not joined to the domain of the Server (they are in a WORKGROUP). I have set up a VPS on the server machine (PPTP) with a Static address pool of range 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.0.10 but the LAN range itself is 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.254. When I connect to the server from another location over the internet, I can just see the server and I can not see the other clients which are in the same LAN as the server. what to do to see the other clients? a friend of mine said that you should use the ADD ROUTE command. Beacuse of that I used this command as my title. What would be the best way to address this problem? Thanks

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• Stuck GhostScript processes, how to debug?

  - by Jonathan

  Having a problem with Ghostscript processes that don't end. This does not happen often, probably once every 3 weeks we see this issue with 1-3 processes. Running CentOS 6.4 on a VPS from Rackspace. We use PrinceXML to generate PDFs which uses GhostScript to handle fonts. Here's an image of top: http://i.stack.imgur.com/J9D7D.jpg As you can see those two processes are using a lot of resources, I haven't killed them yet in hopes someone can help me diagnose. I'm a developer not a server admin so I have a basic knowledge of *nix but no clue on how to fix this. Installed strace and ran it on each process with the following command: strace -p 20619 -s 80 -o gs.txt Left it for 5m, gs.txt is empty? Thanks in advance!

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• Untangle VPN setup, how to see internal addresses?

  - by NFS user

  So Untangle is setup as the default gateway at 192.168.100.1/24, it is the authorative DHCP server issuing addresses from 192.168.100.100 to 192.168.100.200 and is successfully connected to the Internet. Untangle uses OpenVPN for remote access. Accessing the VPN gives me the address 192.168.40.5. However, I cannot ping any machines on the internal 192.168.100.x network remotely. Clearly, there is something basic that I am missing. What is it and how is it solved? Update: The VPN was not setup with the internal network. Since Untangle only allows editing the VPN setup once, the VPN had to be removed and reinstalled with the internal network exported. Now it works. The lesson is that the internal network must be setup before configuring the VPN.

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• Getting rid of GNU Emacs's menu bar in terminal windows

  - by Ernest A

  How to get rid of Emacs's menu bar in terminal windows? The standard answer is to put (when (not (display-graphic-p)) (menu-bar-mode -1)) in init.el. However, this solution is not good, because all it does is remove the menu bar after the fact. You can still see it for a split second. It's very annoying. Looking at the source code in startup.el I don't see an obvious solution to this problem. I think the only way is to use before-init-hook. Maybe this could do the trick? (add-hook 'before-init-hook (lambda () (setq emacs-basic-display t))) But this hook is run before init.el and other init files are evaluated, so how is one supposed to use it?

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• Terminal Server 2003 Performance Troubleshooting

  - by MikeM

  Let me get your thoughts on terminal server performance problems. The server hosts average 25 users which, after running some numbers, on average use 600MB memory with their main applications running (web browser, adobe reader, IP phone client). All users are on the same LAN as server. We constantly experience slow response and short session lockups. Combined CPU usage is on average 10%. What appears strange to me is that the system shows 29GB physical memory with 25GB of it free. The page file usage is about 50% averaging 9GB used. Some server specs OS: Server 2003 32bit Enterprise with /PAE flag RAM: 32GB CPU: 2xQuad Core @ 2.27Ghz HD: RAID5 1.2GB After doing basic troubleshooting using performance monitor it leads me to believe that the performance problems are caused by the 32bit OS limitation in addressing full 32GB of physical memory even though the /PAE flag is used. Can anyone suggest something, troubleshooting steps that can lead to a more conclusive answer? Thanks

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• Are there any command line utilities which can calculate and/or limit how fast a pipe is running?

  - by stsquad

  I'm doing some basic stress testing of a Linux kernel network IWF with netcat. The set-up is fairly simple. On the target side: nc -l -p 10000 > /dev/null And on my desktop I was running: cat /dev/urandom | nc 192.168.0.20 10000 I'm using urandom for some poor-mans fuzz testing. However I find that even at this rate I can break something quite quickly. EDIT So I've been playing with trickle to rate limit how fast I'm generating data: cat /dev/urandom | trickle -u 10 nc 192.168.0.20 10000 But it's hard to tell if this is working. What would be really useful is a the pv equivilent of trickle that can work with pipes.

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• Best practice for ONLY allowing MySQL access to a server?

  - by Calvin Froedge

  Here's the use case: I have a SaaS system that was built (dev environment) on a single box. I've moved everything to a cloud environment running Ubuntu 10.10. One server runs the application, the other runs the database. The basic idea is that the server that runs the database should only be accessible by the application and the administrator's machine, who both have correct RSA keys. My question: Would it be better practice to use a firewall to block access to ALL ports except MySQL, or skip firewall / iptables and just disable all other services / ports completely? Furthermore, should I run MySQL on a non-standard port? This database will hold quite sensitive information and I want to make sure I'm doing everything possible to properly safeguard it. Thanks in advance. I've been reading here for a while but this is the first question that I've asked. I'll try to answer some as well = )

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• Domain name in server other than the website

  - by med

  Hello! I'm not very popular with hosting, but I have a special situation: I live in Tunisia, I can buy a domain name with .tn extention, but the problem is that: 1- The domain could not be pointed to a server outside Tunisia 2- All servers in Tunisia are bad, no one provides really reliable hosting so, I want to use the .tn domain with a basic hosting in Tunisia, and Make other db queries and rich media on another remote server outside Tunisia. How to do it? Is there better alternatives? All suggestions are welcome :) Thank you.

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• How to delete files on the command line with regular expressions?

  - by Jack

  Lets say I have 20 files named FOOXX, where XX is the number of the file, eg 01, 02 etc. At the moment, if I want to delete all files lower than the number 10, this is easy and I just use a wildcard, eg rm FOO0* However, if I want to delete specific files ina range, eg 13-15, this becomes more difficult. rm FPP[13-15] does not work, and asks me if I wish to delete all files. Likewse rm FOO1[3-5] wishes to delete all files that begin with FOO1 So, what is the best way to delete ranges of files like this? I have tried with both bash and zsh, and I don't think they differ so much for such a basic task?

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• Wake up my company computer from a home computer

  - by Darcy

  I would like to learn if it is possible for me to send a packet (a magical one) from another computer to my computer. I am interested in waking up my computer at work from the one I am using at home. That is I would like to power it on at 7:00am by sending it a wake-on packet from the home computer. I have no idea how to carry out this seemingly trivial task, I hope someone could offer some basic ideas for me start. Thank you so much in advance.

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