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• Need help looping through text file in Objective-C and looping through multidimensional array of dat

  - by Fulvio

  I have a question regarding an iPhone game I'm developing. At the moment, below is the code I'm using to currently I loop through my multidimensional array and position bricks accordingly on my scene. Instead of having multiple two dimensional arrays within my code as per the following (gameLevel1). Ideally, I'd like to read from a text file within my project and loop through the values in that instead. Please take into account that I'd like to have more than one level within my game (possibly 20) so my text file would have to have some sort of separator line item to determine what level I want to render. I was then thinking of having some sort of method that I call and that method would take the level number I'm interested in rendering. e.g. Method to call level based on separator? -(void)renderLevel:(NSString) levelNumber; e.g. Text file example? #LEVEL_ONE# 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 #LEVEL_TWO# 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1 Code that I'm currently using: int gameLevel[17][9] = { { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0 }, { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 } }; for (int row=0; row < 17; row++) { for (int col=0; col < 9; col++) { thisBrickValue = gameLevel[row][col]; xOffset = 35 * floor(col); yOffset = 22 * floor(row); switch (thisBrickValue) { case 0: brick = [[CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"block0.png"] autorelease]; break; case 1: brick = [[CCSprite spriteWithFile:@"block1.png"] autorelease]; break; } brick.position = ccp(xOffset, yOffset); [self addChild:brick]; } }

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• Python dictionary key missing

  - by Greg K

  I thought I'd put together a quick script to consolidate the CSS rules I have distributed across multiple CSS files, then I can minify it. I'm new to Python but figured this would be a good exercise to try a new language. My main loop isn't parsing the CSS as I thought it would. I populate a list with selectors parsed from the CSS files to return the CSS rules in order. Later in the script, the list contains an element that is not found in the dictionary. for line in self.file.readlines(): if self.hasSelector(line): selector = self.getSelector(line) if selector not in self.order: self.order.append(selector) elif selector and self.hasProperty(line): # rules.setdefault(selector,[]).append(self.getProperty(line)) property = self.getProperty(line) properties = [] if selector not in rules else rules[selector] if property not in properties: properties.append(property) rules[selector] = properties # print "%s :: %s" % (selector, "".join(rules[selector])) return rules Error encountered: $ css-combine combined.css test1.css test2.css Traceback (most recent call last): File "css-combine", line 108, in <module> c.run(outfile, stylesheets) File "css-combine", line 64, in run [(selector, rules[selector]) for selector in parser.order], KeyError: 'p' Swap the inputs: $ css-combine combined.css test2.css test1.css Traceback (most recent call last): File "css-combine", line 108, in <module> c.run(outfile, stylesheets) File "css-combine", line 64, in run [(selector, rules[selector]) for selector in parser.order], KeyError: '#header_.title' I've done some quirky things in the code like sub spaces for underscores in dictionary key names in case it was an issue - maybe this is a benign precaution? Depending on the order of the inputs, a different key cannot be found in the dictionary. The script: #!/usr/bin/env python import optparse import re class CssParser: def __init__(self): self.file = False self.order = [] # store rules assignment order def parse(self, rules = {}): if self.file == False: raise IOError("No file to parse") selector = False for line in self.file.readlines(): if self.hasSelector(line): selector = self.getSelector(line) if selector not in self.order: self.order.append(selector) elif selector and self.hasProperty(line): # rules.setdefault(selector,[]).append(self.getProperty(line)) property = self.getProperty(line) properties = [] if selector not in rules else rules[selector] if property not in properties: properties.append(property) rules[selector] = properties # print "%s :: %s" % (selector, "".join(rules[selector])) return rules def hasSelector(self, line): return True if re.search("^([#a-z,\.:\s]+){", line) else False def getSelector(self, line): s = re.search("^([#a-z,:\.\s]+){", line).group(1) return "_".join(s.strip().split()) def hasProperty(self, line): return True if re.search("^\s?[a-z-]+:[^;]+;", line) else False def getProperty(self, line): return re.search("([a-z-]+:[^;]+;)", line).group(1) class Consolidator: """Class to consolidate CSS rule attributes""" def run(self, outfile, files): parser = CssParser() rules = {} for file in files: try: parser.file = open(file) rules = parser.parse(rules) except IOError: print "Cannot read file: " + file finally: parser.file.close() self.serialize( [(selector, rules[selector]) for selector in parser.order], outfile ) def serialize(self, rules, outfile): try: f = open(outfile, "w") for rule in rules: f.write( "%s {\n\t%s\n}\n\n" % ( " ".join(rule[0].split("_")), "\n\t".join(rule[1]) ) ) except IOError: print "Cannot write output to: " + outfile finally: f.close() def init(): op = optparse.OptionParser( usage="Usage: %prog [options] <output file> <stylesheet1> " + "<stylesheet2> ... <stylesheetN>", description="Combine CSS rules spread across multiple " + "stylesheets into a single file" ) opts, args = op.parse_args() if len(args) < 3: if len(args) == 1: print "Error: No input files specified.\n" elif len(args) == 2: print "Error: One input file specified, nothing to combine.\n" op.print_help(); exit(-1) return [opts, args] if __name__ == '__main__': opts, args = init() outfile, stylesheets = [args[0], args[1:]] c = Consolidator() c.run(outfile, stylesheets) Test CSS file 1: body { background-color: #e7e7e7; } p { margin: 1em 0em; } File 2: body { font-size: 16px; } #header .title { font-family: Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 1.9em; } #header .title a, #header .title a:hover { color: #f5f5f5; border-bottom: none; text-shadow: 2px 2px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1); } Thanks in advance.

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• Accessing Oracle 6i and 9i/10g Databases using C#

  - by Mike M

  Hi all, I am making two build files using NAnt. The first aims to automatically compile Oracle 6i forms and reports and the second aims to compile Oracle 9i/10g forms and reports. Within the NAnt task is a C# script which prompts the developer for database credentials (username, password, database) in order to compile the forms and reports. I want to then run these credentials against the relevant database to ensure the credentials entered are correct and, if they are not, prompt the user to re-enter their credentials. My script currently looks as follows: class GetInput { public static void ScriptMain(Project project) { Console.Clear(); Console.WriteLine("==================================================================="); Console.WriteLine("Welcome to the Compile and Deploy Oracle Forms and Reports Facility"); Console.WriteLine("==================================================================="); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("Please enter the acronym of the project to work on from the following list:"); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("--------"); Console.WriteLine("- BCS"); Console.WriteLine("- COPEN"); Console.WriteLine("- FCDD"); Console.WriteLine("--------"); Console.WriteLine(); Console.Write("Selection: "); project.Properties["project.type"] = Console.ReadLine(); Console.WriteLine(); Console.Write("Please enter username: "); string username = Console.ReadLine(); project.Properties["username"] = username; string password = ReturnPassword(); project.Properties["password"] = password Console.WriteLine(); Console.Write("Please enter database: "); string database = Console.ReadLine(); project.Properties["database"] = database Console.WriteLine(); //Call method to verify user credentials Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("Compiling files..."; } public static string ReturnPassword() { Console.Write("Please enter password: "); string password = ""; ConsoleKeyInfo nextKey = Console.ReadKey(true); while (nextKey.Key != ConsoleKey.Enter) { if (nextKey.Key == ConsoleKey.Backspace) { if (password.Length > 0) { password = password.Substring(0, password.Length - 1); Console.Write(nextKey.KeyChar); Console.Write(" "); Console.Write(nextKey.KeyChar); } } else { password += nextKey.KeyChar; Console.Write("*"); } nextKey = Console.ReadKey(true); } return password; } } Having done a bit of research, I find that you can connect to Oracle databases using the System.Data.OracleClient namespace clicky. However, as mentioned in the link, Microsoft is discontinuing support for this so it is not a desireable solution. I have also fonud that Oracle provides its own classes for connecting to Oracle databases clicky. However, this only seems to support connecting to Oracle 9 or newer databases (clicky) so it is not feasible solution as I also need to connect to Oracle 6i databases. I could achieve this by calling a bat script from within the C# script, but I would much prefer to have a single build file for simplicity. Ideally, I would like to run a series of commands such as is contained in the following .bat script: rem -- Set Database SID -- set ORACLE_SID=%DBSID% sqlplus -s %nameofuser%/%password%@%dbsid% set cmdsep on set cmdsep '"'; --" set term on set echo off set heading off select '========================================' || CHR(10) || 'Have checked and found both Password and ' || chr(10) || 'Database Identifier are valid, continuing ...' || CHR(10) || '========================================' from dual; exit; This requires me to set the environment variable of ORACLE_SID and then run sqlplus in silent mode (-s) followed by a series of sql set commands (set x), the actual select statement and an exit command. Can I achieve this within a c# script without calling a bat script, or am I forced to call a bat script? Thanks in advance!

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• WinMo > ASMX WebException - how to get details?

  - by eidylon

  Okay, we've got an application which consists of a website hosting several ASMX webservices, and a handheld application running on WinMo 6.1 which calls the webservices. Been developing in the office, everything works perfect. Now we've gone to install it at the client's and we got all the servers set up and the handhelds installed. However the handhelds are now no longer able to connect to the webservice. I added in extra code in my error handler to specifically trap WebException exceptions and handle them differently in the logging to put out extra information (.Status and .Response). I am getting out the status, which is returning a [7], or ProtocolError. However when I try to read out the ResponseStream (using WebException.Response.GetResponseStream), it is returning a stream with CanRead set to False, and I thus am unable to get any further details of what is going wrong. So I guess there are two things I am asking for help with... a) Any help with trying to get more information out of the WebException? b) What could be causing a ProtocolError exception? Things get extra complicated by the fact that the client has a full-blown log-in-enabled proxy setup going on-site. This was stopping all access to the website initially, even from a browser. So we entered in the login details in the network connection for HTTP on the WinMo device. Now it can get to websites fine. In fact, I can even pull up the webservice fine and call the methods from the browser (PocketIE). So I know the device is able to see the webservices okay via HTTP. But when trying to call them from the .NET app, it throws ProtocolError [7]. Here is my code which is logging the exception and failing to read out the Response from the WebException. Public Sub LogEx(ByVal ex As Exception) Try Dim fn As String = Path.Combine(ini.CorePath, "error.log") Dim t = File.AppendText(fn) t.AutoFlush = True t.WriteLine(<s>===== <%= Format(GetDateTime(), "MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss") %> =====<%= vbCrLf %><%= ex.Message %></s>.Value) t.WriteLine() t.WriteLine(ex.ToString) t.WriteLine() If TypeOf ex Is WebException Then With CType(ex, WebException) t.WriteLine("STATUS: " & .Status.ToString & " (" & Val(.Status) & ")") t.WriteLine("RESPONSE:" & vbCrLf & StreamToString(.Response.GetResponseStream())) End With End If t.WriteLine("=".Repeat(50)) t.WriteLine() t.Close() Catch ix As Exception : Alert(ix) : End Try End Sub Private Function StreamToString(ByVal s As IO.Stream) As String If s Is Nothing Then Return "No response found." // THIS IS THE CASE BEING EXECUTED If Not s.CanRead Then Return "Unreadable response found." Dim rv As String = String.Empty, bytes As Long, buffer(4096) As Byte Using mem As New MemoryStream() Do While True bytes = s.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) mem.Write(buffer, 0, bytes) If bytes = 0 Then Exit Do Loop mem.Position = 0 ReDim buffer(mem.Length) mem.Read(buffer, 0, mem.Length) mem.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin) rv = New StreamReader(mem).ReadToEnd() mem.Close() End Using Return rv.NullOf("Empty response found.") End Function Thanks in advance!

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• Why is my code returning a Null Object Refrence error when using WatIn?

  - by Fuzz Evans

  I keep getting a Null Object Refrence Error, but can't tell why. I have a CSV file that contains 100 urls. The file is read into an array called "lines". public partial class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form { string[] lines; public Form1() ... private void ReadLinksIntoMemory() { //this reads the chosen csv file into our "lines" array //and splits on comma's and new lines to create new objects within the array using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\temp.csv")) { //reads everything in our csv into 1 long line string fileContents = sr.ReadToEnd(); //splits the 1 long line read in into multiple objects of the lines array lines = fileContents.Split(new string[] { ",", Environment.NewLine }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); sr.Dispose(); } } The next part is where I get the null object error. When I try to use WatIn to go to the first item in the lines array it says I'm referencing a null object. private void GoToEditLinks() { for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++) { //go to each link sequentially myIE.GoTo(lines[i].ToString()); //sleep so we can make sure the page loads System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000); } } When I debug the code it says that the GoTo request calls lines which is null. It seems like I need to declare the array, but don't I need to tell it an exact size to do that? Example: lines = new string[10] I thought I could use the lines.Length to tell it how big to make the array but that didn't work. What is weird to me is I can use the following code without problem: //returns the accurate number of urls that were in the CSV we read in earlier txtbx1.text = lines.Length; //or //this returns the last entry in the csv, as well as the last entry in the array TextBox2.Text = lines[lines.Length - 1]; I am confused why the array clearly has items in it, they can be called to fill a text box, but when I try to call them in my for loop it says its a null reference? UPDATE: By placing my cursor on both calls to lines and pressing f12 I find they both go to the same instance. The thought next is that I am not calling ReadLinksIntoMemory in time, below is my code: private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { button1.Enabled = false; ReadLinksIntoMemory(); GoToEditLinks(); button1.Enabled = true; } Unless I'm mistaken the code says that the ReadLinksIntoMemory method must complete before GoToEditLinks can be called? If ReadLinksIntoMemory didn't finish in time I shouldn't be able to fill my text boxes with the lines array length and/or last entry. UPDATE: Stepping into the method GoToEditLinks() I see that lines is null before it calls: myIE.GoTo(lines[i]); but when it hits the goto command the value changes from null to the url it is suppose to go to, but at that same time it gives me the null object error? UPDATE: I added a IsNullOrEmpty check method and lines array passes it without any issue. I'm beginning to think it is an issue with WatIn and the myIE.GoTo command. I think this is the stack trace/call stack? Program.exe!Program.Form1.GoToEditLinks() Line 284 C# Program.exe!Program.Form1.button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) Line 191 + 0x8 bytes C# [External Code] Program.exe!Program.Program.Main() Line 18 + 0x1d bytes C# [External Code]

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• Qt - reloading widget contents

  - by bullettime

  I'm trying to modify the fridge magnets example by adding a button that will reload the widget where the draggable labels are drawn, reflecting any changes made to the text file it reads. I defined another class that would contain the button and the DragWidget object, so there would be an instance of this class instead of DragWidget in main(): class wrapWidget: public QWidget { public: wrapWidget(); }; wrapWidget::wrapWidget() { QGridLayout *gridlayout = new QGridLayout(); DragWidget *w = new DragWidget(); QPushButton *b = new QPushButton("refresh"); gridlayout ->addWidget(w,0,0); gridlayout ->addWidget(b,1,0); setLayout(gridlayout ); connect(b,SIGNAL(clicked()),w,SLOT(draw())); } The call to connect is where I'm trying to do the refresh thing. In the original fridge magnets example, all the label drawing code was inside the constructor of the DragWidget class. I moved that code to a public method that I named 'draw()', and called this method from the constructor instead. Here's DragWidget definition and implementation: #include <QWidget> QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE class QDragEnterEvent; class QDropEvent; QT_END_NAMESPACE class DragWidget : public QWidget { public: DragWidget(QWidget *parent = 0); public slots: void draw(); protected: void dragEnterEvent(QDragEnterEvent *event); void dragMoveEvent(QDragMoveEvent *event); void dropEvent(QDropEvent *event); void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event); void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event); }; DragWidget::DragWidget(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) { draw(); QPalette newPalette = palette(); newPalette.setColor(QPalette::Window, Qt::white); setPalette(newPalette); setMinimumSize(400, 100);//qMax(200, y)); setWindowTitle(tr("Fridge Magnets")); setAcceptDrops(true); } void DragWidget::draw(){ QFile dictionaryFile(":/dictionary/words.txt"); dictionaryFile.open(QFile::ReadOnly); QTextStream inputStream(&dictionaryFile); int x = 5; int y = 5; while (!inputStream.atEnd()) { QString word; inputStream >> word; if (!word.isEmpty()) { DragLabel *wordLabel = new DragLabel(word, this); wordLabel->move(x, y); wordLabel->show(); wordLabel->setAttribute(Qt::WA_DeleteOnClose); x += wordLabel->width() + 2; if (x >= 245) { x = 5; y += wordLabel->height() + 2; } } } } I thought that maybe calling draw() as a slot would be enough to reload the labels, but it didn't work. Putting the draw() call inside the widget's overriden paintEvent() instead of the constructor didn't work out as well, the program would end up in an infinite loop. What I did was obviously not the right way of doing it, so what should I be doing instead?

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• How to have struct members accessible in different ways

  - by Paul J. Lucas

  I want to have a structure token that has start/end pairs for position, sentence, and paragraph information. I also want the members to be accessible in two different ways: as a start/end pair and individually. Given: struct token { struct start_end { int start; int end; }; start_end pos; start_end sent; start_end para; typedef start_end token::*start_end_ptr; }; I can write a function, say distance(), that computes the distance between any of the three start/end pairs like: int distance( token const &i, token const &j, token::start_end_ptr mbr ) { return (j.*mbr).start - (i.*mbr).end; } and call it like: token i, j; int d = distance( i, j, &token::pos ); that will return the distance of the pos pair. But I can also pass &token::sent or &token::para and it does what I want. Hence, the function is flexible. However, now I also want to write a function, say max(), that computes the maximum value of all the pos.start or all the pos.end or all the sent.start, etc. If I add: typedef int token::start_end::*int_ptr; I can write the function like: int max( list<token> const &l, token::int_ptr p ) { int m = numeric_limits<int>::min(); for ( list<token>::const_iterator i = l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i ) { int n = (*i).pos.*p; // NOT WHAT I WANT: It hard-codes 'pos' if ( n > m ) m = n; } return m; } and call it like: list<token> l; l.push_back( i ); l.push_back( j ); int m = max( l, &token::start_end::start ); However, as indicated in the comment above, I do not want to hard-code pos. I want the flexibility of accessible the start or end of any of pos, sent, or para that will be passed as a parameter to max(). I've tried several things to get this to work (tried using unions, anonymous unions, etc.) but I can't come up with a data structure that allows the flexibility both ways while having each value stored only once. Any ideas how to organize the token struct so I can have what I want? Attempt at clarification Given struct of pairs of integers, I want to be able to "slice" the data in two distinct ways: By passing a pointer-to-member of a particular start/end pair so that the called function operates on any pair without knowing which pair. The caller decides which pair. By passing a pointer-to-member of a particular int (i.e., only one int of any pair) so that the called function operates on any int without knowing either which int or which pair said int is from. The caller decides which int of which pair. Another example for the latter would be to sum, say, all para.end or all sent.start. Also, and importantly: for #2 above, I'd ideally like to pass only a single pointer-to-member to reduce the burden on the caller. Hence, me trying to figure something out using unions.

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• Fatal error on a non-object

  - by Chris Leah

  Hey, so I have created a function to check the DB for unique entries, but when I call the function it doesn't seem to work and gives me a fatal error any ideas ? Thanks :) //Check for unique entries function checkUnique($table, $field, $compared) { $query = $mysqli->query('SELECT '.$mysqli->real_escape_string($field).' FROM '.$mysqli->real_escape_string($table).' WHERE "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($field).'" = "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($compared).'"'); if(!$query){ return TRUE; } else { return FALSE; } } The page calling it..... //Start session session_start(); //Check if the session is already set, if so re-direct to the game if(isset($_SESSION['id'], $_SESSION['logged_in'])){ Header('Location: ../main/index.php'); }; //Require database connection require_once('../global/includes/db.php'); require_once('../global/functions/functions.php'); //Check if the form has been submitted if (isset($_POST['signup'])){ //Validate input if (!empty($_POST['username']) && !empty($_POST['password']) && $_POST['password']==$_POST['password_confirm'] && !empty($_POST['email']) && validateEmail($_POST['email']) == TRUE && checkUnique('users', 'email', $_POST['email']) == TRUE && checkUnique('users', 'username', $_POST['username']) == TRUE) { //Insert user to the database $insert_user = $mysqli->query('INSERT INTO (`username, `password`, `email`, `verification_key`) VALUES ("'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['username']).'", "'.$mysqli-real_escape_string(md5($_POST['password'])).'", "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['email']).'", "'.randomString('alnum', 32). '"') or die($mysqli->error()); //Get user information $getUser = $mysqli->query('SELECT id, username, email, verification_key FROM users WHERE username = "'.$mysqli->real_escape_string($_POST['username']).'"' or die($mysqli->error())); //Check if the $getUser returns true if ($getUser->num_rows == 1) { //Fetch associated fields to this user $row = $getUser->fetch_assoc(); //Set mail() variables $headers = 'From: [email protected]'."\r\n". 'Reply-To: [email protected]'."\r\n". 'X-Mailer: PHP/'.phpversion(); $subject = 'Activate your account (Music Battles.net)'; //Set verification email message $message = 'Dear '.$row['username'].', I would like to welcome you to Music Battles. Although in order to enjoy the gmae you must first activate your account. \n\n Click the following link: http://www.musicbattles.net/home/confirm.php?id='.$row['id'].'key='.$row['verification_key'].'\n Thanks for signing up, enjoy the game! \n Music Battles Team'; //Attempts to send the email if (mail($row['email'], $subject, $message, $headers)) { $msg = '<p class="success">Accound has been created, please go activate it from your email.</p>'; } else { $error = '<p class="error">The account was created but your email was not sent.</p>'; } } else { $error = '<p class="error">Your account was not created.</p>'; } } else { $error = '<p class="error">One or more fields contain non or invalid data.</p>'; } } Erorr.... Fatal error: Call to a member function query() on a non-object in /home/mbattles/public_html/global/functions/functions.php on line 5

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• How to write specs with MSpec for code that changes Thread.CurrentPrincipal?

  - by Dan Jensen

  I've been converting some old specs to MSpec (were using NUnit/SpecUnit). The specs are for a view model, and the view model in question does some custom security checking. We have a helper method in our specs which will setup fake security credentials for the Thread.CurrentPrincipal. This worked fine in the old unit tests, but fails in MSpec. Specifically, I'm getting this exception: "System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException: Type is not resolved for member" It happens when part of the SUT tries to read the app config file. If I comment out the line which sets the CurrentPrincipal (or simply call it after the part that checks the config file), the error goes away, but the tests fail due to lack of credentials. Similarly, if I set the CurrentPrincipal to null, the error goes away, but again the tests fail because the credentials aren't set. I've googled this, and found some posts about making sure the custom principal is serializable when it crosses AppDomain boundaries (usually in reference to web apps). In our case, this is not a web app, and I'm not crossing any AppDomains. Our pincipal object is also serializable. I downloaded the source for MSpec, and found that the ConsoleRunner calls a class named AppDomainRunner. I haven't debugged into it, but it looks like it's running the specs in different app domains. So does anyone have any ideas on how I can overcome this? I really like MSpec, and would love to use it exclusively. But I need to be able to supply fake security credentials while running the tests. Thanks! Update: here's the spec class: [Subject(typeof(CountryPickerViewModel))] public class When_the_user_makes_a_selection : PickerViewModelSpecsBase { protected static CountryPickerViewModel picker; Establish context = () => { SetupFakeSecurityCredentials(); CreateFactoryStubs(); StubLookupServicer<ICountryLookupServicer>() .WithData(BuildActiveItems(new [] { "USA", "UK" })); picker = new CountryPickerViewModel(ViewFactory, ViewModelFactory, BusinessLogicFactory, CacheFactory); }; Because of = () => picker.SelectedItem = picker.Items[0]; Behaves_like<Picker_that_has_a_selected_item> a_picker_with_a_selection; } We have a number of these "picker" view models, all of which exhibit some common behavior. So I'm using the Behaviors feature of MSpec. This particular class is simulating the user selecting something from the (WPF) control which is bound to this VM. The SetupFakeSecurityCredentials() method is simply setting Thread.CurrentPrincipal to an instance of our custom principal, where the prinipal has been populated will full-access rights. Here's a fake CountryPickerViewModel which is enough to cause the error: public class CountryPickerViewModel { public CountryPickerViewModel(IViewFactory viewFactory, IViewModelFactory viewModelFactory, ICoreBusinessLogicFactory businessLogicFactory, ICacheFactory cacheFactory) { Items = new Collection<int>(); var validator = ValidationFactory.CreateValidator<object>(); } public int SelectedItem { get; set; } public Collection<int> Items { get; private set; } } It's the ValidationFactory call which blows up. ValidationFactory is an Enterprise Library object, which tries to access the config.

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• Have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• What's the most unsound program you've had to maintain?

  - by Robert Rossney

  I periodically am called upon to do maintenance work on a system that was built by a real rocket surgeon. There's so much wrong with it that it's hard to know where to start. No, wait, I'll start at the beginning: in the early days of the project, the designer was told that the system would need to scale, and he'd read that a source of scalability problems was traffic between the application and database servers, so he made sure to minimize this traffic. How? By putting all of the application logic in SQL Server stored procedures. Seriously. The great bulk of the application functions by the HTML front end formulating XML messages. When the middle tier receives an XML message, it uses the document element's tag name as the name of the stored procedure it should call, and calls the SP, passing it the entire XML message as a parameter. It takes the XML message that the SP returns and returns it directly back to the front end. There is no other logic in the application tier. (There was some code in the middle tier to validate the incoming XML messages against a library of schemas. But I removed it, after ascertaining that 1) only a small handful of messages had corresponding schemas, 2) the messages didn't actually conform to these schemas, and 3) after validating the messages, if any errors were encountered, the method discarded them. "This fuse box is a real time-saver - it comes from the factory with pennies pre-installed!") I've seen software that does the wrong thing before. Lots of it. I've written quite a bit. But I've never seen anything like the steely-eyed determination to do the wrong thing, at every possible turn, that's embodied in the design and programming of this system. Well, at least he went with what he knew, right? Um. Apparently, what he knew was Access. And he didn't really understand Access. Or databases. Here's a common pattern in this code: SELECT @TestCodeID FROM TestCode WHERE TestCode = @TestCode SELECT @CountryID FROM Country WHERE CountryAbbr = @CountryAbbr SELECT Invoice.*, TestCode.*, Country.* FROM Invoice JOIN TestCode ON Invoice.TestCodeID = TestCode.ID JOIN Country ON Invoice.CountryID = Country.ID WHERE Invoice.TestCodeID = @TestCodeID AND Invoice.CountryID = @CountryID Okay, fine. You don't trust the query optimizer either. But how about this? (Originally, I was going to post this in What's the best comment in source code you have ever encountered? but I realized that there was so much more to write about than just this one comment, and things just got out of hand.) At the end of many of the utility stored procedures, you'll see code that looks like the following: -- Fix NULLs SET @TargetValue = ISNULL(@TargetValue, -9999) Yes, that code is doing exactly what you can't allow yourself to believe it's doing lest you be driven mad. If the variable contains a NULL, he's alerting the caller by changing its value to -9999. Here's how this number is commonly used: -- Get target value EXEC ap_GetTargetValue @Param1, @Param2, OUTPUT @TargetValue -- Check target value for NULL value IF @TargetValue = -9999 ... Really. For another dimension of this system, see the article on thedailywtf.com entitled I Think I'll Call Them "Transactions". I'm not making any of this up. I swear. I'm often reminded, when I work on this system, of Wolfgang Pauli's famous response to a student: "That isn't right. It isn't even wrong." This can't really be the very worst program ever. It's definitely the worst one I've worked

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• Are their any suggestions for this new assembly language?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller exit End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• How do you stop scripters from slamming your website hundreds of times a second?

  - by davebug

  [update] I've accepted an answer, as lc deserves the bounty due to the well thought-out answer, but sadly, I believe we're stuck with our original worst case scenario: CAPTCHA everyone on purchase attempts of the crap. Short explanation: caching / web farms make it impossible for us to actually track hits, and any workaround (sending a non-cached web-beacon, writing to a unified table, etc.) slows the site down worse than the bots would. There is likely some pricey bit of hardware from Cisco or the like that can help at a high level, but it's hard to justify the cost if CAPTCHAing everyone is an alternative. I'll attempt to do a more full explanation in here later, as well as cleaning this up for future searchers (though others are welcome to try, as it's community wiki). I've added bounty to this question and attempted to explain why the current answers don't fit our needs. First, though, thanks to all of you who have thought about this, it's amazing to have this collective intelligence to help work through seemingly impossible problems. I'll be a little more clear than I was before: This is about the bag o' crap sales on woot.com. I'm the president of Woot Workshop, the subsidiary of Woot that does the design, writes the product descriptions, podcasts, blog posts, and moderates the forums. I work in the css/html world and am only barely familiar with the rest of the developer world. I work closely with the developers and have talked through all of the answers here (and many other ideas we've had). Usability of the site is a massive part of my job, and making the site exciting and fun is most of the rest of it. That's where the three goals below derive. CAPTCHA harms usability, and bots steal the fun and excitement out of our crap sales. To set up the scenario a little more, bots are slamming our front page tens of times a second screenscraping (and/or scanning our rss) for the Random Crap sale. The moment they see that, it triggers a second stage of the program that logs in, clicks I want One, fills out the form, and buys the crap. In current (2/6/2009) order of votes: lc: On stackoverflow and other sites that use this method, they're almost always dealing with authenticated (logged in) users, because the task being attempted requires that. On Woot, anonymous (non-logged) users can view our home page. In other words, the slamming bots can be non-authenticated (and essentially non-trackable except by IP address). So we're back to scanning for IPs, which a) is fairly useless in this age of cloud networking and spambot zombies and b) catches too many innocents given the number of businesses that come from one IP address (not to mention the issues with non-static IP ISPs and potential performance hits to trying to track this). Oh, and having people call us would be the worst possible scenario. Can we have them call you? BradC Ned Batchelder's methods look pretty cool, but they're pretty firmly designed to defeat bots built for a network of sites. Our problem is bots are built specifically to defeat our site. Some of these methods could likely work for a short time until the scripters evolved their bots to ignore the honeypot, screenscrape for nearby label names instead of form ids, and use a javascript-capable browser control. lc again "Unless, of course, the hype is part of you

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• Grails validation problems with sets of data: only getting one error message for all errors in a set

  - by Matt

  Hi, I'm trying to validate a domain class that has a number of subsets. class IebeUser { ... static hasMany = [openUserAnswers:OpenUserAnswer, closedUserAnswers:ClosedUserAnswer] } class OpenUserAnswer { OpenQuestion openQuestion String text static belongsTo = [user:IebeUser] static constraints = { openQuestion(nullable:false) text(blank:false) } } class ClosedUserAnswer { ClosedQuestion closedQuestion ClosedAnswer answer static belongsTo = [user:IebeUser] static constraints = { closedQuestion(nullable:false) answer(nullable:false) } } A closed question has a set of predefined answers and an open question lets the user enter a freeform answer. All is well until I come to validate the object after entry in a form: params: [closedUserAnswers[0].answer.id:, closedUserAnswers[0]:[answer:[id:], answer.id:], password:dfgdfgdf, openUserAnswers[0].text:gdfgdfgdfg, openUserAnswers[0]:[text:gdfgdfgdfg], _isOptedOut:, create:Continue, username:gdfgdfggdf, email:[email protected], closedUserAnswers[1].answer.id:, closedUserAnswers[1]:[answer:[id:], answer.id:], openUserAnswers[1].text:, openUserAnswers[1]:[text:], firstName:dfgdf, lastName:gdfgdfgd, action:save, controller:main] The key bits being: closedUserAnswers[0].answer.id:, closedUserAnswers[0]:[answer:[id:] closedUserAnswers[1].answer.id:, closedUserAnswers[1]:[answer:[id:] openUserAnswers[1].text:, openUserAnswers[1]:[text:] In my tests I have two objects of type closedUserAnswers and two of openUserAnswers. But when I call validation on IebeUser I only get validation errors for the closedUserAnswers or the openUserAnswers as a whole. I don't get validation errors for each object with a problem which is what I need. I really need an error per instance. Does anyone know what I'm doing wrong? Even when I call the validate method against each closedUserAnswer/openUserAnswer I still only get one per type. Here are my errors. Sorry for all the code, but thought I'd include as much of the code as possible so that it makes sense. Field error in object 'uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser' on field 'openUserAnswers.text': rejected value []; codes [uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.error.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.openUserAnswers.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.error.openUserAnswers.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.error.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.error,openUserAnswer.text.blank.error.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.openUserAnswers.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank.error.openUserAnswers.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank.error.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank.error,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.openUserAnswers.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.openUserAnswers.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank.text,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer.text.blank,openUserAnswer.text.blank.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.openUserAnswers.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank.openUserAnswers.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank.text,openUserAnswer.text.blank,blank.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.openUserAnswers.text,blank.openUserAnswers.text,blank.text,blank]; arguments [text,class uk.co.cascaid.iebe.OpenUserAnswer]; default message [Property [{0}] of class [{1}] cannot be blank] Field error in object 'uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser' on field 'closedUserAnswers.answer': rejected value [null]; codes [uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.closedUserAnswers.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.closedUserAnswers.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.closedUserAnswers.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.closedUserAnswers.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.error,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.closedUserAnswers.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.closedUserAnswers.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.answer,uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer.answer.nullable,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.closedUserAnswers.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.closedUserAnswers.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable.answer,closedUserAnswer.answer.nullable,nullable.uk.co.cascaid.iebe.IebeUser.closedUserAnswers.answer,nullable.closedUserAnswers.answer,nullable.answer,nullable]; arguments [answer,class uk.co.cascaid.iebe.ClosedUserAnswer]; default message [Property [{0}] of class [{1}] cannot be null]

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• Python: Memory usage and optimization when modifying lists

  - by xApple

  The problem My concern is the following: I am storing a relativity large dataset in a classical python list and in order to process the data I must iterate over the list several times, perform some operations on the elements, and often pop an item out of the list. It seems that deleting one item out of a Python list costs O(N) since Python has to copy all the items above the element at hand down one place. Furthermore, since the number of items to delete is approximately proportional to the number of elements in the list this results in an O(N^2) algorithm. I am hoping to find a solution that is cost effective (time and memory-wise). I have studied what I could find on the internet and have summarized my different options below. Which one is the best candidate ? Keeping a local index: while processingdata: index = 0 while index < len(somelist): item = somelist[index] dosomestuff(item) if somecondition(item): del somelist[index] else: index += 1 This is the original solution I came up with. Not only is this not very elegant, but I am hoping there is better way to do it that remains time and memory efficient. Walking the list backwards: while processingdata: for i in xrange(len(somelist) - 1, -1, -1): dosomestuff(item) if somecondition(somelist, i): somelist.pop(i) This avoids incrementing an index variable but ultimately has the same cost as the original version. It also breaks the logic of dosomestuff(item) that wishes to process them in the same order as they appear in the original list. Making a new list: while processingdata: for i, item in enumerate(somelist): dosomestuff(item) newlist = [] for item in somelist: if somecondition(item): newlist.append(item) somelist = newlist gc.collect() This is a very naive strategy for eliminating elements from a list and requires lots of memory since an almost full copy of the list must be made. Using list comprehensions: while processingdata: for i, item in enumerate(somelist): dosomestuff(item) somelist[:] = [x for x in somelist if somecondition(x)] This is very elegant but under-the-cover it walks the whole list one more time and must copy most of the elements in it. My intuition is that this operation probably costs more than the original del statement at least memory wise. Keep in mind that somelist can be huge and that any solution that will iterate through it only once per run will probably always win. Using the filter function: while processingdata: for i, item in enumerate(somelist): dosomestuff(item) somelist = filter(lambda x: not subtle_condition(x), somelist) This also creates a new list occupying lots of RAM. Using the itertools' filter function: from itertools import ifilterfalse while processingdata: for item in itertools.ifilterfalse(somecondtion, somelist): dosomestuff(item) This version of the filter call does not create a new list but will not call dosomestuff on every item breaking the logic of the algorithm. I am including this example only for the purpose of creating an exhaustive list. Moving items up the list while walking while processingdata: index = 0 for item in somelist: dosomestuff(item) if not somecondition(item): somelist[index] = item index += 1 del somelist[index:] This is a subtle method that seems cost effective. I think it will move each item (or the pointer to each item ?) exactly once resulting in an O(N) algorithm. Finally, I hope Python will be intelligent enough to resize the list at the end without allocating memory for a new copy of the list. Not sure though. Abandoning Python lists: class Doubly_Linked_List: def __init__(self): self.first = None self.last = None self.n = 0 def __len__(self): return self.n def __iter__(self): return DLLIter(self) def iterator(self): return self.__iter__() def append(self, x): x = DLLElement(x) x.next = None if self.last is None: x.prev = None self.last = x self.first = x self.n = 1 else: x.prev = self.last x.prev.next = x self.last = x self.n += 1 class DLLElement: def __init__(self, x): self.next = None self.data = x self.prev = None class DLLIter: etc... This type of object resembles a python list in a limited way. However, deletion of an element is guaranteed O(1). I would not like to go here since this would require massive amounts of code refactoring almost everywhere.

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• Custom event loop and UIKit controls. What extra magic Apple's event loop does?

  - by tequilatango

  Does anyone know or have good links that explain what iPhone's event loop does under the hood? We are using a custom event loop in our OpenGL-based iPhone game framework. It calls our game rendering system, calls presentRenderbuffer and pumps events using CFRunLoopRunInMode. See the code below for details. It works well when we are not using UIKit controls (as a proof, try Facetap, our first released game). However, when using UIKit controls, everything almost works, but not quite. Specifically, scrolling of UIKit controls doesn't work properly. For example, let's consider following scenario. We show UIImagePickerController on top of our own view. UIImagePickerController covers our custom view We also pause our own rendering, but keep on using the custom event loop. As said, everything works, except scrolling. Picking photos works. Drilling down to photo albums works and transition animations are smooth. When trying to scroll photo album view, the view follows your finger. Problem: when scrolling, scrolling stops immediately after you lift your finger. Normally, it continues smoothly based on the speed of your movement, but not when we are using the custom event loop. It seems that iPhone's event loop is doing some magic related to UIKit scrolling that we haven't implemented ourselves. Now, we can get UIKit controls to work just fine and dandy together with our own system by using Apple's event loop and calling our own rendering via NSTimer callbacks. However, I'd still like to understand, what is possibly happening inside iPhone's event loop that is not implemented in our custom event loop. - (void)customEventLoop { OBJC_METHOD; float excess = 0.0f; while(isRunning) { animationInterval = 1.0f / openGLapp->ticks_per_second(); // Calculate the target time to be used in this run of loop float wait = max(0.0, animationInterval - excess); Systemtime target = Systemtime::now().after_seconds(wait); Scope("event loop"); NSAutoreleasePool* pool = [[ NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; // Call our own render system and present render buffer [self drawView]; // Pump system events [self handleSystemEvents:target]; [pool release]; excess = target.seconds_to_now(); } } - (void)drawView { OBJC_METHOD; // call our own custom rendering bool bind = openGLapp->app_render(); // bind the buffer to be THE renderbuffer and present its contents if (bind) { opengl::bind_renderbuffer(renderbuffer); [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES]; } } - (void) handleSystemEvents:(Systemtime)target { OBJC_METHOD; SInt32 reason = 0; double time_left = target.seconds_since_now(); if (time_left <= 0.0) { while((reason = CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 0, TRUE)) == kCFRunLoopRunHandledSource) {} } else { float dt = time_left; while((reason = CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, dt, FALSE)) == kCFRunLoopRunHandledSource) { double time_left = target.seconds_since_now(); if (time_left <= 0.0) break; dt = (float) time_left; } } }

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• Marshal a C# struct to C++ VARIANT

  - by jortan

  To start with, I'm not very familiar with the COM-technology, this is the first time I'm working with it so bear with me. I'm trying to call a COM-object function from C#. This is the interface in the idl-file: [id(6), helpstring("vConnectInfo=ConnectInfoType")] HRESULT ConnectTarget([in,out] VARIANT* vConnectInfo); This is the interop interface I got after running tlbimp: void ConnectTarget(ref object vConnectInfo); The c++ code in COM object for the target function: STDMETHODIMP PCommunication::ConnectTarget(VARIANT* vConnectInfo) { if (!((vConnectInfo->vt & VT_ARRAY) && (vConnectInfo->vt & VT_BYREF))) { return E_INVALIDARG; } ConnectInfoType *pConnectInfo = (ConnectInfoType *)((*vConnectInfo->pparray)->pvData); ... } This COM-object is running in another process, it is not in a dll. I can add that the COM object is also used from another program written in C++. In that case there is no problem because in C++ a VARIANT is created and pparray-pvData is set to the connInfo data-structure and then the COM-object is called with the VARIANT as parameter. In C#, as I understand, my struct should be marshalled as a VARIANT automatically. These are two methods I've been using (or actually I've tried a lot more...) to call this method from C#: private void method1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { pcom.PCom PCom = new pcom.PCom(); pcom.IGeneralManagementServices mgmt = (pcom.IGeneralManagementServices)PCom; m_ci = new ConnectInfoType(); fillConnInfo(ref m_ci); mgmt.ConnectTarget(m_ci); } In the above case the struct gets marshalled as VT_UNKNOWN. This is a simple case and works if the parameter is not a struct (eg. works for int). private void method4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { ConnectInfoType ci = new ConnectInfoType(); fillConnInfo(ref ci); pcom PCom = new pcom.PCom(); pcom.IGeneralManagementServices mgmt = (pcom.IGeneralManagementServices)PCom; ParameterModifier[] pms = new ParameterModifier[1]; ParameterModifier pm = new ParameterModifier(1); pm[0] = true; pms[0] = pm; object[] param = new object[1]; param[0] = ci; object[] args = new object[1]; args[0] = param; mgmt.GetType().InvokeMember("ConnectTarget", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, mgmt, args, pms, null, null); } In this case it gets marshalled as VT_ARRAY | VT_BYREF | VT_VARIANT. The problem is that when debugging the "target-function" ConnectTarget I cannot find the data I send in the SAFEARRAY-struct (or in any other place in memory either) What do I do with a VT_VARIANT? Any ideas on how to get my struct-data? Update: The ConnectInfoType struct: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] public class ConnectInfoType { public short network; public short nodeNumber; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 51)] public string connTargPassWord; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)] public string sConnectId; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 16)] public string sConnectPassword; public EnuConnectType eConnectType; public int hConnectHandle; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 8)] public string sAccessPassword; }; And the corresponding struct in c++: typedef struct ConnectInfoType { short network; short nodeNumber; char connTargPassWord[51]; char sConnectId[8]; char sConnectPassword[16]; EnuConnectType eConnectType; int hConnectHandle; char sAccessPassword[8]; } ConnectInfoType;

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• Are there any suggestions for these new assembly mnemonics?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• Django: TypeError: 'str' object is not callable, referer: http://xxx

  - by user705415

  I've been wondering why when I set the settings.py of my django project 'arvindemo' debug = Flase and deploy it on Apache with mod_wsgi, I got the 500 Internal Server Error. Env: Django 1.4.0 Python 2.7.2 mod_wsgi 2.8 OS centOS Here is the recap: Visit the homepage, go to sub page A/B/C/D, and fill some forms, then submit it to the Apache server. Once click 'submit' button, I will get the '500 Internal Server Error', and the error_log listed below(Traceback): [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] Traceback (most recent call last): [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 241, in __call__ [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] response = self.get_response(request) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 179, in get_response [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info()) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 224, in handle_uncaught_exception [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] if resolver.urlconf_module is None: [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 323, in urlconf_module [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] __import__(name) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/web/django/arvindemo/arvindemo/../arvindemo/urls.py", line 23, in <module> [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] url(r'^submitPage$', name=submitPage), [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] TypeError: url() takes at least 2 arguments (2 given) When using django runserver, I set arvindemo.settings debug = True, everything is OK. But things changed once I set debug = Flase. Here is my views.py from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseServerError from django.shortcuts import render_to_response import datetime, string from user_info.models import * from django.template import Context, loader, RequestContext import settings def hello(request): return HttpResponse("hello girl") def helpPage(request): return render_to_response('kktHelp.html') def server_error(request, template_name='500.html'): return render_to_response(template_name, context_instance = RequestContext(request) ) def page404(request): return render_to_response('404.html') def submitPage(request): post = request.POST Mall = 'goodsName' Contest = 'ojs' Presentation = 'addr' WeatherReport = 'city' Habit = 'task' if Mall in post: return submitMall(request) elif Contest in post: return submitContest(request) elif Presentation in post: return submitPresentation(request) elif Habit in post: return submitHabit(request) elif WeatherReport in post: return submitWeather(request) else: return HttpResponse(request.POST) return HttpResponseRedirect('404') def submitXXX(): ..... def xxxx(): .... Here comes the urls.py from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url from views import * from django.conf import settings handler500 = 'server_error' urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^hello/$', hello), # hello world url(r'^$', homePage), url(r'^time/$', getTime), url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', hoursAhead), url(r'^Ttime/$', templateGetTime), url(r'^Mall$', templateMall), url(r'^Contest$', templateContest), url(r'^Presentation$', templatePresentation), url(r'^Habit$', templateHabit), url(r'^Weather$', templateWeather), url(r'^Help$', helpPage), url(r'^404$', page404), url(r'^500$', server_error), url(r'^submitPage$', submitPage), url(r'^submitMall$', submitMall), url(r'^submitContest$', submitContest), url(r'^submitPresentation$', submitPresentation), url(r'^submitHabit$', submitHabit), url(r'^submitWeather$', submitWeather), url(r'^terms$', terms), url(r'^privacy$', privacy), url(r'^thanks$', thanks), url(r'^about$', about), url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$','django.views.static.serve',{'document_root':settings.STATICFILES_DIRS}), ) I'm sure there is no syntax error in my django project,cause when I use django runserver, everything is fine. Anyone can help ? Best regards

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• Forms bound to updateable ADO recordsets are not updateable when the source includes a JOIN

  - by Art

  I'm developing an application in Access 2007. It uses an .accdb front end connecting to an SQL Server 2005 backend. I use forms that are bound to ADO recordsets at runtime. For the sake of efficiency, the recordsets usually contain only one record, and are queried out on the server: Public Sub SetUpFormRecordset(cn As ADODB.Connection, rstIn As ADODB.Recordset, rstSource As String) Dim cmd As ADODB.Command Dim I As Long Set cmd = New ADODB.Command cn.Errors.Clear ' Recordsets based on command object Execute method are Read Only! With cmd Set .ActiveConnection = cn .CommandType = adCmdText .CommandText = rstSource End With With rstIn .CursorType = adOpenKeyset .LockType = adLockPessimistic 'Check the locktype after opening; optimistic locking is worthless on a bound End With ' form, and ADO might open optimistically without firing an error! rstIn.Open cmd, , adOpenKeyset, adLockPessimistic 'This should run the query on the server and return an updatable recordset With cn If .Errors.Count <> 0 Then For Each errADO In .Errors Call HandleADOErrors(.Errors(I)) I = I + 1 Next errADO End If End With End Sub rstSource (the string containg the TSQL on which the recordset is based) is assembled by the calling routine, in this case from the Open event of the form being bound: Private Sub Form_Open(Cancel As Integer) Dim rst As ADODB.Recordset Dim strSource As String, DefaultSource as String Dim lngID As Long lngID = Forms!MyParent.CurrentID strSource = "SELECT TOP (100) PERCENT dbo.Customers.CustomerID, dbo.Customers.LegacyID, dbo.Customers.Active, dbo.Customers.TypeID, dbo.Customers.Category, " & _ "dbo.Customers.Source, dbo.Customers.CustomerName, dbo.Customers.CustAddrID, dbo.Customers.Email, dbo.Customers.TaxExempt, dbo.Customers.SalesTaxCode, " & _ "dbo.Customers.SalesTax2Code, dbo.Customers.CreditLimit, dbo.Customers.CreationDate, dbo.Customers.FirstOrder, dbo.Customers.LastOrder, " & _ "dbo.Customers.nOrders, dbo.Customers.Concurrency, dbo.Customers.LegacyLN, dbo.Addresses.AddrType, dbo.Addresses.AddrLine1, dbo.Addresses.AddrLine2, " & _ "dbo.Addresses.City, dbo.Addresses.State, dbo.Addresses.Country, dbo.Addresses.PostalCode, dbo.Addresses.PhoneLandline, dbo.Addresses.Concurrency " & _ "FROM dbo.Customers INNER JOIN " & _ "dbo.Addresses ON dbo.Customers.CustAddrID = dbo.Addresses.AddrID " strSource = strSource & "WHERE dbo.Customers.CustomerID= " & lngID With Me 'Default is Set up for editing one record If Not Nz(.RecordSource, vbNullString) = vbNullString Then If .Dirty Then .Dirty = False 'Save any changes on the form .RecordSource = vbNullString End If If rst Is Nothing Then 'Might not be first time through DefaultSource = .RecordSource Else rst.Close Set rst = Nothing End If End With Set rst = New ADODB.Recordset Call setupformrecordset(dbconn, rst, strSource) 'dbconn is a global variable With Me Set .Recordset = rst End With End Sub The recordset that is returned from setupformrecordset is fully updateable, and its .Supports property shows this. It can be edited and updated in code. The entire form, however, is read only, even though it's .AllowEdits and .AllowAdditions properties are both true. Even the fields from the right hand side (the 'many' side) cannot be edited. Removing the INNER JOIN clause from the TSQL (restricting strSource to one table) makes the form fully editable. I've verified that the TSQL includes priimary key fields from both tables, and each table includes a timestamp field for concurrency. I tried changing the .CursorType and .CursorLocation properties of the recordset to no avail. What am I doing wrong?

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• Socket in C: recv overwrite a char[]

  - by Possa

  Hi all, I'm trying to make a little client-server script like many others that I've done in the past. But in this one I have a problem. It is better if I post the code and the output it give me. Code: #include <mysql.h> //not important now #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <signal.h> #include <string.h> //constant definition #define SERVER_PORT 2121 #define LINESIZE 21 //global var definition char victim_ip[LINESIZE], file_write[LINESIZE], hacker_ip[LINESIZE]; //function void leggi (int); //not use now for debugging purpose //void scriviDB (); //not important now main () { int sock, client_len, fd; struct sockaddr_in server, client; // transport end point if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) { perror("system call socket fail"); exit(1); } server.sin_family = AF_INET; server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("10.10.10.1"); server.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); // binding address at transport end point if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof server) == -1) { perror("system call bind fail"); exit(1); } //fprintf(stderr, "Server open: listening.\n"); listen(sock, 5); /* managae client connection */ while (1) { client_len = sizeof(client); if ((fd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&client, &client_len)) < 0) { perror("accepting connection"); exit(1); } strcpy(hacker_ip, inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr)); printf("1 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose //leggi(fd); ////////////////////////// //receive client recv(fd, victim_ip, LINESIZE, 0); victim_ip[sizeof(victim_ip)] = '\0'; printf("2 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose recv(fd, file_write, LINESIZE, 0); file_write[sizeof(file_write)] = '\0'; printf("3 %s\n", hacker_ip); //debugging purpose printf("%s@%s for %s\n", file_write, victim_ip, hacker_ip); //send to client send(fd, hacker_ip, 40, 0); //now is hacker_ip for debug ///////////////////////// close(fd); }//end while exit(0); } //end main Client send string: ./send -i 10.10.10.4 -f filename.ext so the script send -i (IP) and -f (FILE) at the server. Here's my output server side: 1 10.10.10.6 2 10.10.10.6 3 [email protected] for As you can see the printf(3) and the printf(ip,file,ip) fail. I don't know how and where but someone overwrite my hacker_ip string. Thanks for your help! :)

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• Google Analytics V2 SDK for Android EasyTracker giving errors

  - by Prince

  I have followed the tutorial for the new Google Analytics V2 SDK for Android located here: https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/android/v2/ Unfortunately whenever I go to run the application the reporting is not working and this is the messages that logcat gives me: 07-09 09:13:16.978: W/Ads(13933): No Google Analytics: Library Incompatible. 07-09 09:13:16.994: I/Ads(13933): To get test ads on this device, call adRequest.addTestDevice("2BB916E1BD6BE6407582A429D763EC71"); 07-09 09:13:17.018: I/Ads(13933): adRequestUrlHtml: <html><head><script src="http://media.admob.com/sdk-core-v40.js"></script><script>AFMA_getSdkConstants();AFMA_buildAdURL({"kw":[],"preqs":0,"session_id":"7925570029955749351","u_sd":2,"seq_num":"1","slotname":"a14fd91432961bd","u_w":360,"msid":"com.mysampleapp.sampleapp","js":"afma-sdk-a-v6.0.1","mv":"8013013.com.android.vending","isu":"2BB916E1BD6BE6407582A429D763EC71","cipa":1,"format":"320x50_mb","net":"wi","app_name":"1.android.com.mysampleapp.sampleapp","hl":"en","u_h":592,"carrier":"311480","ptime":0,"u_audio":3});</script></head><body></body></html> 07-09 09:13:17.041: W/ActivityManager(220): Unable to start service Intent { act=com.google.android.gms.analytics.service.START (has extras) }: not found 07-09 09:13:17.049: W/GAV2(13933): Thread[main,5,main]: Connection to service failed 1 07-09 09:13:17.057: W/GAV2(13933): Thread[main,5,main]: Need to call initializea() and be in fallback mode to start dispatch. 07-09 09:13:17.088: D/libEGL(13933): loaded /system/lib/egl/libGLES_android.so 07-09 09:13:17.096: D/libEGL(13933): loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libEGL_POWERVR_SGX540_120.so 07-09 09:13:17.096: D/libEGL(13933): loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libGLESv1_CM_POWERVR_SGX540_120.so 07-09 09:13:17.096: D/libEGL(13933): loaded /vendor/lib/egl/libGLESv2_POWERVR_SGX540_120.so Here is my code (I have redacted some of the code that had to do with httppost, etc.): package com.mysampleapp.sampleapp; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.NameValuePair; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.json.JSONArray; import org.json.JSONObject; import com.google.analytics.tracking.android.EasyTracker; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.ProgressDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.DialogInterface.OnCancelListener; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.SharedPreferences; import android.os.AsyncTask; import android.os.Bundle; import android.preference.PreferenceManager; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; public class viewRandom extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.viewrandom); uservote.setVisibility(View.GONE); new randomViewClass().execute(); } public void onStart() { super.onStart(); EasyTracker.getInstance().activityStart(this); } public void onStop() { super.onStop(); EasyTracker.getInstance().activityStop(this); } }

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• How to generate a Program template by generating an abstract class

  - by Byron-Lim Timothy Steffan

  i have the following problem. The 1st step is to implement a program, which follows a specific protocol on startup. Therefore, functions as onInit, onConfigRequest, etc. will be necessary. (These are triggered e.g. by incoming message on a TCP Port) My goal is to generate a class for example abstract one, which has abstract functions as onInit(), etc. A programmer should just inherit from this base class and should merely override these abstract functions of the base class. The rest as of the protocol e.g. should be simply handled in the background (using the code of the base class) and should not need to appear in the programmers code. What is the correct design strategy for such tasks? and how do I deal with, that the static main method is not inheritable? What are the key-tags for this problem? (I have problem searching for a solution since I lack clear statements on this problem) Goal is to create some sort of library/class, which - included in ones code - results in executables following the protocol. EDIT (new explanation): Okay let me try to explain more detailled: In this case programs should be clients within a client server architecture. We have a client server connection via TCP/IP. Each program needs to follow a specific protocol upon program start: As soon as my program starts and gets connected to the server it will receive an Init Message (TcpClient), when this happens it should trigger the function onInit(). (Should this be implemented by an event system?) After onInit() a acknowledgement message should be sent to the server. Afterwards there are some other steps as e.g. a config message from the server which triggers an onConfig and so on. Let's concentrate on the onInit function. The idea is, that onInit (and onConfig and so on) should be the only functions the programmer should edit while the overall protocol messaging is hidden for him. Therefore, I thought using an abstract class with the abstract methods onInit(), onConfig() in it should be the right thing. The static Main class I would like to hide, since within it e.g. there will be some part which connects to the tcp port, which reacts on the Init Message and which will call the onInit function. 2 problems here: 1. the static main class cant be inherited, isn it? 2. I cannot call abstract functions from the main class in the abstract master class. Let me give an Pseudo-example for my ideas: public abstract class MasterClass { static void Main(string[] args){ 1. open TCP connection 2. waiting for Init Message from server 3. onInit(); 4. Send Acknowledgement, that Init Routine has ended successfully 5. waiting for Config message from server 6..... } public abstract void onInit(); public abstract void onConfig(); } I hope you get the idea now! The programmer should afterwards inherit from this masterclass and merely need to edit the functions onInit and so on. Is this way possible? How? What else do you recommend for solving this? EDIT: The strategy ideo provided below is a good one! Check out my comment on that.

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• Variable mysteriously changing value

  - by Eitan

  I am making a simple tcp/ip chat program for practicing threads and tcp/ip. I was using asynchronous methods but had a problem with concurrency so I went to threads and blocking methods (not asynchronous). I have two private variables defined in the class, not static: string amessage = string.Empty; int MessageLength; and a Thread private Thread BeginRead; Ok so I call a function called Listen ONCE when the client starts: public virtual void Listen(int byteLength) { var state = new StateObject {Buffer = new byte[byteLength]}; BeginRead = new Thread(ReadThread); BeginRead.Start(state); } and finally the function to receive commands and process them, I'm going to shorten it because it is really long: private void ReadThread(object objectState) { var state = (StateObject)objectState; int byteLength = state.Buffer.Length; while (true) { var buffer = new byte[byteLength]; int len = MySocket.Receive(buffer); if (len <= 0) return; string content = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buffer, 0, len); amessage += cleanMessage.Substring(0, MessageLength); if (OnRead != null) { var e = new CommandEventArgs(amessage); OnRead(this, e); } } } Now, as I understand it only one thread at a time will enter BeginRead, I call Receive, it blocks until I get data, and then I process it. The problem: the variable amessage will change it's value between statements that do not touch or alter the variable at all, for example at the bottom of the function at: if (OnRead != null) "amessage" will be equal to 'asdf' and at if (OnRead != null) "amessage" will be equal to qwert. As I understand it this is indicative of another thread changing the value/running asynchronously. I only spawn one thread to do the receiving and the Receive function is blocking, how could there be two threads in this function and if there is only one thread how does amessage's value change between statements that don't affect it's value. As a side note sorry for spamming the site with these questions but I'm just getting a hang of this threading story and it's making me want to sip cyanide. Thanks in advance. EDIT: Here is my code that calls the Listen Method in the client: public void ConnectClient(string ip,int port) { client.Connect(ip,port); client.Listen(5); } and in the server: private void Accept(IAsyncResult result) { var client = new AbstractClient(MySocket.EndAccept(result)); var e = new CommandEventArgs(client, null); Clients.Add(client); client.Listen(5); if (OnClientAdded != null) { var target = (Control) OnClientAdded.Target; if (target != null && target.InvokeRequired) target.Invoke(OnClientAdded, this, e); else OnClientAdded(this, e); } client.OnRead += OnRead; MySocket.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(Accept), null); } All this code is in a class called AbstractClient. The client inherits the Abstract client and when the server accepts a socket it create's it's own local AbstractClient, in this case both modules access the functions above however they are different instances and I couldn't imagine threads from different instances combining especially as no variable is static.

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• jQuery AutoComplete (jQuery UI 1.8rc3) with ASP.NET web service

  - by user296640

  Currently, I have this version of the autocomplete control working when returning XML from a .ashx handler. The xml looks like this: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no" ?> <States> <State> <Code>CA</Code> <Name>California</Name> </State> <State> <Code>NC</Code> <Name>North Carolina</Name> </State> <State> <Code>SC</Code> <Name>South Carolina</Name> </State> The autocomplete code looks like this: $('.autocompleteTest').autocomplete( { source: function(request, response) { var list = []; $.ajax({ url: "http://commonservices.qa.kirkland.com/StateLookup.ashx", dataType: "xml", async: false, data: request, success: function(xmlResponse) { list = $("State", xmlResponse).map(function() { return { value: $("Code", this).text(), label: $("Name", this).text() }; }).get(); } }); response(list); }, focus: function(event, ui) { $('.autocompleteTest').val(ui.item.label); return false; }, select: function(event, ui) { $('.autocompleteTest').val(ui.item.label); $('.autocompleteValue').val(ui.item.value); return false; } }); For various reasons, I'd rather be calling an ASP.NET web service, but I can't get it to work. To change over to the service (I'm doing a local service to keep it simple), the start of the autocomplete code is: $('.autocompleteTest').autocomplete( { source: function(request, response) { var list = []; $.ajax({ url: "/Services/GeneralLookup.asmx/StateList", dataType: "xml", This code is on a page at the root of the site and the GeneralLookup.asmx is in a subfolder named Services. But a breakpoint in the web service never gets hit, and no autocomplete list is generated. In case it makes a difference, the XML that comes from the asmx is: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <string xmlns="http://www.kirkland.com/"><State> <Code>CA</Code> <Name>California</Name> </State> <State> <Code>NC</Code> <Name>North Carolina</Name> </State> <State> <Code>SC</Code> <Name>South Carolina</Name> </State></string> Functionally equivalent since I never use the name of the root node in the mapping code. I haven't seen anything in the jQuery docs about calling a .asmx service from this control, but a .ajax call is a .ajax call, right? I've tried various different paths to the .asmx (~/Services/), and I've even moved the service to be in the same path to eliminate these issues. No luck with either. Any ideas?

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