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  • Is it safer to use the same IV all times data are encrypted, or use a dynamic IV that is sent together the encrypted text? [closed]

    - by kiamlaluno
    When encrypting data that is then send to a server, is it better to always use the same IV, which is already known from the receiving server, or use a dynamic IV that is then sent to the receiving server? I am referring to the case the remote server receives data from another server, or from a client application, and executes operations on a database table, in the table row identified by the received data. Which of the following PHP snippets is preferable? $iv = mcrypt_create_iv(mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size($td), MCRYPT_RAND); $ks = mcrypt_enc_get_key_size($td); $key = substr(md5('very secret key'), 0, $ks); mcrypt_generic_init($td, $key, $iv); $encrypted = mcrypt_generic($td, 'This is very important data'); send_encripted_data(combine_iv_encrypted_text($iv, $encrypted)); $ks = mcrypt_enc_get_key_size($td); $key = substr(md5('very secret key'), 0, $ks); mcrypt_generic_init($td, $key, $iv); send_encripted_data(mcrypt_generic($td, 'This is very important data')); In which way is one of the snippets more vulnerable than the other one?

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  • Can I use multiple URLs in the URL field of KeePass?

    - by Sammy
    I am using KeePass version 2.19. What I would like to do is have more than just one URL address associated with a given user name and password. The entry for a given website might look something like this... Title google User Name email Password pass URL https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?hl=en&continue=https://www.google.com/ https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?hl=sv&continue=https://www.google.com/ https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?hl=de&continue=https://www.google.com/ As you can see the ?hl=en changes into ?hl=sv and then to ?hl=de for the three different languages in which I wish to view the Google log-in page. But this of course could be something completely different, like different web services from the same provider like YouTube and Gmail by Google. Very much like SE where you have several websites but only use one user name and password. I imagine something along the lines of having multiple entries for one and the same website, where KeePass would actually prompt you to choose which one you want to use. So you have several user names and passwords that use the same URL. But is it possible to have several URLs using the same user name and password, so that KeePass asks me "to which of the following three URLs do you want to auto-log into with this password"?

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  • ASP.NET Membership - Change password without asking the old (WITH Question and Answer)

    - by djsolid
    I have received many comments and questions about how you can do what is described in this post when you site requires question and answer. The solution is definiterly not the best and should be used with EXTREME caution because in a high traffic website can cause problems but I write it down anyway. We will use reflection in order to solve our problem. And this is the code But this code changes the only instance of MembershipProvider meaning if you access somewhere else from your application the property RequiresQuestionAndAnswer until you set back it’s original value you will get false instead of true. So again be VERY careful. Hope you find it useful!

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  • Linux - How to manage the password of root?

    - by Jonathan Rioux
    We have just deployed a couple of Linux server. Each sysadmin will have his own account on the server (i.e.: jsmith), and will connect using SSH with a certificate which will be put into the "authorized_keys" file in their home directory. Once connected on the server, if they want to issue an elevated command, they will do like: sudo ifconfig They will then enter the root password. What I would like to know now are the best practices in managing that root password. Should I change it periodicaly? And how do I share that new password with the sysadmins? **Of course I will disable the root logon in SSH.

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  • Some files not copied when moving an encrypted home to a different partition

    - by Jon Herrin
    I have "successfully" moved my encrypted home to a separate partition using the instructions here: How can i move an encrypted home directory to another partition? However, some files are not being copied over. Most notably, I have a directory in my old home that contains the themes I use. This directory and it's contents are not copied over to the new home and therefore I come up with the default theme. Permissions on the directory that was not moved are identical to the other directories in home. Another discrepancy is that my Dropbox folder came over empty and had to resync itself. My concern is what else might be missing from the copied home. At this point, I've flipped back to the old home by re-editing /etc/fstab, but I'd really like to get /home cleanly and completely off of root without having to core the system.

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  • Cant mount cryptswap1 ?

    - by Jordan March
    From the reading I've done, it seems it's having issues mounting the encrypted files. The guys here: could not mount /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 Seem to be suggesting how to fix it, but I am new to Linux and have NO idea how to do any of that. Can anyone walk me through how to edit that file? Or should I just reinstal? Is there a way to reinstall and keep my programs? I do have separate partitions for boot root home and swap Running Acer Aspire 5750 Intel Core i3 4gb ram Ubuntu 12.10 64bit

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  • Loss of privileges when enabeling auto log-in to encrypted home folder

    - by reav
    I use Ubuntu 11.10 with Gnome Shell and have an encrypted home folder. I enabled auto log-in through the system settings/users-admin menu, as I expected it didn't work (because of my encrypted home folder/user I suspect). But now I don't have privileges to mount my eksternal hard-drive, and I can no longer disable the auto log-in function, since the un-lock button in users-admin menu is grayed out. It seems like my users privileges has been degraded. Does any one have an solution to how I disable auto log-in and regain my privileges?

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  • Mount to /dev/sdb1 without password

    - by Jarmo
    I am unable to mount a USB drive (or SD card) to my system without root access. When I plug in a USB drive, it is visible in the left column of Nautilus, but when I click on it to open it, I receive the error message Unable to mount 2.1 GB Filesystem Error mounting: mount exited with exit code 1: helper failed with: mount: only root can mount /dev/sdb1 on /media/sdb1 I am able to mount the drive using sudo mount -w /dev/sdb1, but this causes problems for operations such as creating startup discs, which requires unmounting and remounting the drive. I suspect this problem may be caused by the fact that when I upgraded from 11.10 to 12.04, I had an SD card plugged in. This caused the system to stall during later startups, as it could not find this drive. I remedied this by editing a line of /etc/fstab to read /dev/sdb1 /media/sdb1 vfat noauto 0 0 However, I am dual booting Ubuntu with Windows XP, and I have no problem mounting the C: drive of the Windows system without root access, so I feel that this is a problem related to the mount point rather than mounting in general.

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  • Trim on encrypted SSD--Urandom first?

    - by cb474
    My understanding (I'm not sure I'm getting this all right) is that if one uses Trim on an encrypted SSD, it defeats some of the security benefits, because the drive will write zeros to empty space (as files are deleted). See: http://www.askubuntu.com/questions/115823/trim-on-an-encrypted-ssd And: http://asalor.blogspot.com/2011/08/trim-dm-crypt-problems.html My question is: From the perspective of the performance of the SSD and the functioning of Trim, would it therefore be better to simply zero out the SSD, before setting up an encrypted system, rather than writing random data to the drive, with urandom, as one usually does? Would this basically leave one with the same level of security anyway? And more importantly, would it better enable the Trim functionality to work as intended, with the encrypted SSD?

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  • Changing Administrator password on a Windows 2008 web server

    - by Nick
    I've just taken over the administration of a Windows 2008 web server from a previous employee on a temporary basis. I need to change the Admin password as soon as I can but I've noticed that quite a few of the services also run under this account. So: Is there a quick way to find out which services will be affected by me changing the password or is it a question of going down the list? It doesn't seem right to me that the Admin account is used in this manner; should I create a different account for these services, or is using the Admin a/c standard practice? I realize everyone's servers / networks are set up differently, but are there any other items I should be aware of when changing the Admin password? Thanks

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  • Encrypt SSD or not?

    - by JamesBradbury
    My desktop machine is running Ubuntu 12.04 (and will probably stay with it until the next LTS). I've got a new 120GB SSD on the way as my existing 420GB spinning disk. If it makes any difference I'll be dual-booting with Windows 7 across both disks too. I've read some helpful answers here about /home setup and enabling TRIM, which I intend to follow. So most of my /home will be on the SSD, with only photos, videos and music on the spinning disk. The question is, when I reinstall Ubuntu from CD or USB, whether I should encrypt the SSD? Specifically: I'm reading that drive wear isn't much of an issue with modern SSDs as they last decades even if you spam them. Is this true? How big a performance reduction will encrypting cause (I have an i7 Sandybridge, so I guess it can cope)? Is it more important from a security point of view to encrypt an SSD? I think I read somewhere that it may be hard to reliably wipe data. By all means answer even if you only know about one of those things.

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  • methods DSA_do_verify and SHA1 (OpenSSL library for Windows)

    - by Rei
    i am working on a program to authenticate an ENC signature file by using OpenSSL for windows, and specifically methods DSA_do_verify(...) and SHA1(...) hash algorithm, but is having problems as the result from DSA_do_verify is always 0 (invalid). I am using the signature file of test set 4B from the IHO S-63 Data Protection Scheme, and also the SA public key (downloadable from IHO) for verification. Below is my program, can anyone help to see where i have gone wrong as i have tried many ways but failed to get the verification to be valid, thanks.. The signature file from test set 4B // Signature part R: 3F14 52CD AEC5 05B6 241A 02C7 614A D149 E7D6 C408. // Signature part S: 44BB A3DB 8C46 8D11 B6DB 23BE 1A79 55E6 B083 7429. // Signature part R: 93F5 EF86 1FF6 BA6F 1C2B B9BB 7F36 0C80 2F9B 2414. // Signature part S: 4877 8130 12B4 50D8 3688 B52C 7A84 8E26 D442 8B6E. // BIG p C16C BAD3 4D47 5EC5 3966 95D6 94BC 8BC4 7E59 8E23 B5A9 D7C5 CEC8 2D65 B682 7D44 E953 7848 4730 C0BF F1F4 CB56 F47C 6E51 054B E892 00F3 0D43 DC4F EF96 24D4 665B. // BIG q B7B8 10B5 8C09 34F6 4287 8F36 0B96 D7CC 26B5 3E4D. // BIG g 4C53 C726 BDBF BBA6 549D 7E73 1939 C6C9 3A86 9A27 C5DB 17BA 3CAC 589D 7B3E 003F A735 F290 CFD0 7A3E F10F 3515 5F1A 2EF7 0335 AF7B 6A52 11A1 1035 18FB A44E 9718. // BIG y 15F8 A502 11C2 34BB DF19 B3CD 25D1 4413 F03D CF38 6FFC 7357 BCEE 59E4 EBFD B641 6726 5E5F 0682 47D4 B50B 3B86 7A85 FB4D 6E01 8329 A993 C36C FD9A BFB6 ED6D 29E0. dataServer_pkeyfile.txt (extracted from above) // BIG p C16C BAD3 4D47 5EC5 3966 95D6 94BC 8BC4 7E59 8E23 B5A9 D7C5 CEC8 2D65 B682 7D44 E953 7848 4730 C0BF F1F4 CB56 F47C 6E51 054B E892 00F3 0D43 DC4F EF96 24D4 665B. // BIG q B7B8 10B5 8C09 34F6 4287 8F36 0B96 D7CC 26B5 3E4D. // BIG g 4C53 C726 BDBF BBA6 549D 7E73 1939 C6C9 3A86 9A27 C5DB 17BA 3CAC 589D 7B3E 003F A735 F290 CFD0 7A3E F10F 3515 5F1A 2EF7 0335 AF7B 6A52 11A1 1035 18FB A44E 9718. // BIG y 15F8 A502 11C2 34BB DF19 B3CD 25D1 4413 F03D CF38 6FFC 7357 BCEE 59E4 EBFD B641 6726 5E5F 0682 47D4 B50B 3B86 7A85 FB4D 6E01 8329 A993 C36C FD9A BFB6 ED6D 29E0. Program abstract: QbyteArray pk_data; QFile pk_file("./dataServer_pkeyfile.txt"); if (pk_file.open(QIODevice::Text | QIODevice::ReadOnly)) { pk_data.append(pk_file.readAll()); } pk_file.close(); unsigned char ptr_sha_hashed[20]; unsigned char *ptr_pk_data = (unsigned char *)pk_data.data(); // openssl SHA1 hashing algorithm SHA1(ptr_pk_data, pk_data.length(), ptr_sha_hashed); DSA_SIG *dsasig = DSA_SIG_new(); char ptr_r[] = "93F5EF861FF6BA6F1C2BB9BB7F360C802F9B2414"; //from tset 4B char ptr_s[] = "4877813012B450D83688B52C7A848E26D4428B6E"; //from tset 4B if (BN_hex2bn(&dsasig->r, ptr_r) == 0) return 0; if (BN_hex2bn(&dsasig->s, ptr_s) == 0) return 0; DSA *dsakeys = DSA_new(); //the following values are from the SA public key char ptr_p[] = "FCA682CE8E12CABA26EFCCF7110E526DB078B05EDECBCD1EB4A208F3AE1617AE01F35B91A47E6DF63413C5E12ED0899BCD132ACD50D99151BDC43EE737592E17"; char ptr_q[] = "962EDDCC369CBA8EBB260EE6B6A126D9346E38C5"; char ptr_g[] = "678471B27A9CF44EE91A49C5147DB1A9AAF244F05A434D6486931D2D14271B9E35030B71FD73DA179069B32E2935630E1C2062354D0DA20A6C416E50BE794CA4"; char ptr_y[] = "963F14E32BA5372928F24F15B0730C49D31B28E5C7641002564DB95995B15CF8800ED54E354867B82BB9597B158269E079F0C4F4926B17761CC89EB77C9B7EF8"; if (BN_hex2bn(&dsakeys->p, ptr_p) == 0) return 0; if (BN_hex2bn(&dsakeys->q, ptr_q) == 0) return 0; if (BN_hex2bn(&dsakeys->g, ptr_g) == 0) return 0; if (BN_hex2bn(&dsakeys->pub_key, ptr_y) == 0) return 0; int result; //valid = 1, invalid = 0, error = -1 result = DSA_do_verify(ptr_sha_hashed, 20, dsasig, dsakeys); //result is 0 (invalid)

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  • Find Randomart of existing ssh key

    - by Iori
    I have created a ssh-keygen and i got this result The key fingerprint is: 84:4b:3d:7a:d5:5e:58:15:a0:b6:ab:0f:03:3b:3b:82 ir@ir-Notebook The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 4048]----+ | .ooo| | o ..o | | o + .oo . | | . + o.... | | o.S .. | | .o . | | . o o . | | E . .o + | | ...... | +-----------------+ this is generated when key is created. is there any way to view Randomeart of a existing key And what is the purpose of this Randomart in cryptography. Thanks

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  • Cryptswap boot error - can't mount?

    - by woody
    I believe i have my swap set up but am not sure because on start up it says that it is something along the lines of "could not mount /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 M for manual S for skip". But it appears to be mounted? I have already tried this solution with no success. When i run free -m the output is: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3887 769 3117 0 54 348 -/+ buffers/cache: 366 3520 Swap: 4026 0 4026 and sudo bklid is: /dev/sda1: UUID="9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153" TYPE="ext4" /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: UUID="bd9fe154-8621-48b3-95d2-ae5c91f373fd" TYPE="swap" and cat /etc/crypttab is: cryptswap1 /dev/sda5 /dev/urandom swap,cipher=aes-cbc-essiv:sha256 my /etc/fstab is: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=9fb3ccd6-3732-4989-bfa4-e943a09f1153 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation #UUID=bb0e378e-8742-435a-beda-ae7788a7c1b0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0 cat /proc/swaps output is: Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/dm-0 partition 4123644 0 -1 Is my swap not setup correctly or how can i fix my boot message?

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  • Are python's cryptographic modules good enough?

    - by Aerovistae
    I mean, say you were writing professional grade software that would involve sensitive client information. (Take this in the context of me being an amateur programmer.) Would you use hlib and hmac? Are they good enough to secure data? Or would you write something fancier by hand? Edit: In context of those libraries containing more or less the best hashing algorithms in the world, I guess it's silly to ask if you'd "write something fancier." What I'm really asking here is whether it's enough on its own.

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  • Password recovery of a Windows 2003 DNS server.

    - by KronoS
    I'm not going to lie, I feel like an idiot and would probably downvote this myself if I could, but here's my problem. I've just setup a Windows 2003 server as the DNS/AD for a replace of an old server. However, it appears that I don't know the password for the Administrator account. I entered the password and I setup the role, but apparently what I remember/wrote down and what I typed in are different. How do I recover a password? I can't log-on locally as it will only allow to log-on to the newly created domain.

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  • Mount encrypted hfs in ubuntu

    - by pagid
    I try to mount an encrypted hfs+ partition in ubuntu. An older post described quite good how to do it, but lacks the information how to use encrypted partitions. What I found so far is: # install required packages sudo apt-get install hfsprogs hfsutils hfsplus loop-aes-utils # try to mount it mount -t hfsplus -o encryption=aes-256 /dev/xyz /mount/xyz But once I run this I get the following error: Error: Password must be at least 20 characters. So I tried to type it in twice, but that results in this: ioctl: LOOP_SET_STATUS: Invalid argument, requested cipher or key (256 bits) not supported by kernel Any suggestions? Thx Edit: One thing I'm not sure about is whether I use the right password. My assumption is that it is my default one for these situations. But I'm not sure whether Max OSX choose another password (internally) for that.

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  • Can't type my username and password, random freeze at login

    - by rakesh
    My netbook runs a dual OS(Windows7 & Ubuntu 12.04). After Ubuntu login screen appears, that’s it, it gets hanged, can't even move my cursor nor type my user name. I had to turn off my system and boot again. Still its not sure that it won't freeze out at login screen again, but this is the temporary solution I have to get into Ubuntu. This freezing at login screen doesn't happen every time, it happens randomly. It seems like I had to enter into Ubuntu purely based on my luck, which is quite irritating. I found many other types of login problem in Ubuntu when I googled, which were quite different from my case. So any1 kindly help me out.

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  • Week in Geek: 3 Online Networks Suffer Major Password Security Breaches

    - by Asian Angel
    Our latest edition of WIG is filled with news link goodness covering topics such as web apps are now available for Firefox 16 nightly builds, Google has acquired Quickoffice & Meebo, ad networks are going around Apple to track iOS users, and more. HTG Explains: What Is RSS and How Can I Benefit From Using It? HTG Explains: Why You Only Have to Wipe a Disk Once to Erase It HTG Explains: Learn How Websites Are Tracking You Online

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  • What is the best tool to sync browser passwords and bookmarks?

    - by jgbelacqua
    Sadly, everything I've tried so far has been painful to manage between two computers, (even between different browsers on the same computer). So, right now I have different aggregations of bookmarks passwords in xmarks, delicious, google bookmarks, firefox sync, text files, and in figaro password manager (fpm2). I've also tried to use bindwood in the past. What I would like to do is merge all bookmarks and passwords into some solution that actually works either with tools available under Ubuntu, or with a browser-based tool (addon/plugin/extension) which works between between google-chrome/chromium, and firefox. It would be ideal if there was an ability to send and store passwords encrypted (if not on my own server). Whatever the method, I need the ability to have import from existing sources. (It doesn't have to be pretty, just repeatable.) It's possible that some things I've ruled out are now workable (e.g., xmarks broke for me at one point because I hit their bookmark limit for the server/account, and bindwood, firefox sync were firefox only).

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  • Is file permission secured when it transferred from Ubuntu to Windows?

    - by Gaurav_Java
    I am having 9GB text file which is encrypted . This file contains some confidential data . Which is on my system(Ubuntu) and my external HDD (ntfs) . This file get daily updated and then encrypted . But it has to be shared among 2-3 (Windows) person. I defined permission so that no other person can even read this file(chmod 660). It is too large file, so I can't upload it anywhere and it get updated daily basis. But this file travel on Windows OS and Ubuntu also. Even I am having copy of this on my personal computer. Recently it was deleted by some other user over Windows . I just want to know how can I set permission over that file so that it cannot be deleted from any other operating system. If someone delete this file, then I am having data old for couple of days, which is only on my system. I gone through this question it says there is nothing. And from this question I am not able to understand how can I protect it. Can I do anything for preventing this file from being deleted. Then how can I secure this files from getting deleted any suggestion or software or ideas. Maybe I sound silly or this is stupid question. Please don't close it, thanks for any suggestion or solution.

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  • iis windos authentication way to turn off password prompt

    - by Ellery Newcomer
    IIS noobie here. I have an intranet website hosted by IIS (6? I'll check after the weekend) that is set to Windows Authentication. Whenever there is some sort of authentication failure, the website gives the user a windows account sort of password prompt and doesn't display a 403 (or 401 or whatever) page unless the user cancels the prompt. However, entering a password is never, ever a use case for this website. Is there a way to turn off the password prompt and just display the error page? Bonus: are there any good hooks for this precise point for code that would do diagnosis and logging?

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  • Computers displaying an unwanted password change prompt

    - by evesirim
    We run a small network of users from a central SBS 2008 server that handles group policy & AD. Most of our users operate under a policy that propts them for a password change every 6 months as a security measure, with a few administrator accounts & terminal machines not using the policy for the sake of ease as they are needed all the time. Recently all machines regardless of policy have started asking for a password change out of schedule. Some PCs run Windows 7 & some XP, though the password prompts don't seem to discriminate between OS. What could this be down to? Many thanks

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  • Computers displaying an unwanted password change prompt

    - by evesirim
    We run a small network of users from a central SBS 2008 server that handles group policy & AD. Most of our users operate under a policy that propts them for a password change every 6 months as a security measure, with a few administrator accounts & terminal machines not using the policy for the sake of ease as they are needed all the time. Recently all machines regardless of policy have started asking for a password change out of schedule. Some PCs run Windows 7 & some XP, though the password prompts don't seem to discriminate between OS. What could this be down to? Many thanks

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