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  • Objective C - Aggro with Images

    - by Will
    I have three UIImageViews. enemy1, enemy1AggroBox and mainSprite. What I want to do is when mainSprite and enemy1AggroBox interect, I want enemy1 to start moving towards mainSprite. Basically creating aggro for a game. if(CGRectIntersectsRect(mainSprite.frame, enemy1AggroBox.frame)){ //Code here// } My plan would be to call this method in viewDidLoad. I'm not using any sort of framework like cocos2d or OpenGLES. If you need to see any more code just ask.

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  • Meaning of offset in pygame Mask.overlap methods

    - by Alan
    I have a situation in which two rectangles collide, and I have to detect how much did they collide so so I can redraw the objects in a way that they are only touching each others edges. It's a situation in which a moving ball should hit a completely unmovable wall and instantly stop moving. Since the ball sometimes moves multiple pixels per screen refresh, it it possible that it enters the wall with more that half its surface when the collision is detected, in which case i want to shift it position back to the point where it only touches the edges of the wall. Here is the conceptual image it: I decided to implement this with masks, and thought that i could supply the masks of both objects (wall and ball) and get the surface (as a square) of their intersection. However, there is also the offset parameter which i don't understand. Here are the docs for the method: Mask.overlap Returns the point of intersection if the masks overlap with the given offset - or None if it does not overlap. Mask.overlap(othermask, offset) -> x,y The overlap tests uses the following offsets (which may be negative): +----+----------.. |A | yoffset | +-+----------.. +--|B |xoffset | | : :

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  • Balancing game difficulty against player progression

    - by Raven Dreamer
    It seems that the current climate of games seems to cater to an obvious progression of player power, whether that means getting a bigger, more explosive gun in Halo, leveling up in an RPG, or unlocking new options in Command and Conquer 4. Yet this concept is not exclusive to video or computer games -- even in Dungeons and Dragons players can strive to acquire a +2 sword to replace the +1 weapon they've been using. Yet as a systems designer, the concept of player progression is giving me headache after headache. Should I balance around the players exact capabilities and give up on a simple linear progression? (I think ESIV:Oblivion is a good example of this) Is it better to throw the players into an "arms race" with their opponents, where if the players don't progress in an orderly manner, it is only a matter of time until gameplay is unbearably difficult? (4th Edition DnD strikes me as a good example of this) Perhaps it would make most sense to untether the core gameplay mechanics from progression at all -- give them flashier, more interesting (but not more powerful!) ways to grow?

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  • Rotation based on x coordinate and x velocity?

    - by Lewis
    -(void) accelerometer:(UIAccelerometer *)accelerometer didAccelerate:(UIAcceleration *)acceleration { float deceleration = 0.3f, sensitivity = 8.0f, maxVelocity = 150; // adjust velocity based on current accelerometer acceleration playerVelocity.x = playerVelocity.x * deceleration + acceleration.x * sensitivity; // we must limit the maximum velocity of the player sprite, in both directions (positive & negative values) playerVelocity.x = fmaxf(fminf(playerVelocity.x, maxVelocity), -maxVelocity); } Hi, I want to rotate my sprite based on the velocity and accelerometer input. My sprite can move along the X axis like so: <--------- sprite ----------- But it always faces forwards, if it is moving left I want it to point slightly to the left, the degree of how far it is pointing to be judged from the velocity. This should also work for the right. I tried using atan but as the y velocity and position is always the same the function returns 0, which doesn't rotate it at all. Any ideas? Regards, Lewis.

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  • Simplest way to use Steam Leaderboards from C# [on hold]

    - by Miau
    We are about to integrate steamworks for leaderboards and achievements into our game. I see there are many open and closed source libraries that can be used to use SteamWorks from C#. Rolling our own wrapper can be done, but if the other libraries are reliable then it would be better to use and perhaps contribute back if we see any obvious gaps. Have you used any and if so what was your experience with the different libraries? Specifically for Leaderboards and achievements The ones I found are: SteamWorks.net Steam4Net Ludosity (can be used outside of Unity apparently)

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  • XNA RTS A* pathfinding issues

    - by Slayter
    I'm starting to develop an RTS game using the XNA framework in C# and am still in the very early prototyping stage. I'm working on the basics. I've got unit selection down and am currently working on moving multiple units. I've implemented an A* pathfinding algorithm which works fine for moving a single unit. However when moving multiple units they stack on top of each other. I tried fixing this with a variation of the boids flocking algorithm but this has caused units to sometimes freeze and get stuck trying to move but going no where. Ill post the related methods for moving the units below but ill only post a link to the pathfinding class because its really long and i don't want to clutter up the page. These parts of the code are in the update method for the main controlling class: if (selectedUnits.Count > 0) { int indexOfLeader = 0; for (int i = 0; i < selectedUnits.Count; i++) { if (i == 0) { indexOfLeader = 0; } else { if (Vector2.Distance(selectedUnits[i].position, destination) < Vector2.Distance(selectedUnits[indexOfLeader].position, destination)) indexOfLeader = i; } selectedUnits[i].leader = false; } selectedUnits[indexOfLeader].leader = true; foreach (Unit unit in selectedUnits) unit.FindPath(destination); } foreach (Unit unit in units) { unit.Update(gameTime, selectedUnits); } These three methods control movement in the Unit class: public void FindPath(Vector2 destination) { if (path != null) path.Clear(); Point startPoint = new Point((int)position.X / 32, (int)position.Y / 32); Point endPoint = new Point((int)destination.X / 32, (int)destination.Y / 32); path = pathfinder.FindPath(startPoint, endPoint); pointCounter = 0; if (path != null) nextPoint = path[pointCounter]; dX = 0.0f; dY = 0.0f; stop = false; } private void Move(List<Unit> units) { if (nextPoint == position && !stop) { pointCounter++; if (pointCounter <= path.Count - 1) { nextPoint = path[pointCounter]; if (nextPoint == position) stop = true; } else if (pointCounter >= path.Count) { path.Clear(); pointCounter = 0; stop = true; } } else { if (!stop) { map.occupiedPoints.Remove(this); Flock(units); // Move in X ********* TOOK OUT SPEED ********** if ((int)nextPoint.X > (int)position.X) { position.X += dX; } else if ((int)nextPoint.X < (int)position.X) { position.X -= dX; } // Move in Y if ((int)nextPoint.Y > (int)position.Y) { position.Y += dY; } else if ((int)nextPoint.Y < (int)position.Y) { position.Y -= dY; } if (position == nextPoint && pointCounter >= path.Count - 1) stop = true; map.occupiedPoints.Add(this, position); } if (stop) { path.Clear(); pointCounter = 0; } } } private void Flock(List<Unit> units) { float distanceToNextPoint = Vector2.Distance(position, nextPoint); foreach (Unit unit in units) { float distance = Vector2.Distance(position, unit.position); if (unit != this) { if (distance < space && !leader && (nextPoint != position)) { // create space dX += (position.X - unit.position.X) * 0.1f; dY += (position.Y - unit.position.Y) * 0.1f; if (dX > .05f) nextPoint.X = nextPoint.X - dX; else if (dX < -.05f) nextPoint.X = nextPoint.X + dX; if (dY > .05f) nextPoint.Y = nextPoint.Y - dY; else if (dY < -.05f) nextPoint.Y = nextPoint.Y + dY; if ((dX < .05f && dX > -.05f) && (dY < .05f && dY > -.05f)) stop = true; path[pointCounter] = nextPoint; Console.WriteLine("Make Space: " + dX + ", " + dY); } else if (nextPoint != position && !stop) { dX = speed; dY = speed; Console.WriteLine(dX + ", " + dY); } } } } And here's the link to the pathfinder: https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B_Cqt6txUDkddU40QXBMeTR1djA I hope this post wasn't too long. Also please excuse the messiness of the code. As I said before this is early prototyping. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Keeping the camera from going through walls in a first person game in Unity?

    - by Timothy Williams
    I'm using a modified version of the standard Unity First Person Controller. At the moment when I stand near walls, the camera clips through and lets me see through the wall. I know about camera occlusion and have implemented it in 3rd person games, but I have no clue how I'd accomplish this in a first person game, since the camera doesn't move from the player at all. How do other people accomplish this?

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  • Narrow-phase collision detection algorithms

    - by Marian Ivanov
    There are three phases of collision detection. Broadphase: It loops between all objecs that can interact, false positives are allowed, if it would speed up the loop. Narrowphase: Determines whether they collide, and sometimes, how, no false positives Resolution: Resolves the collision. The question I'm asking is about the narrowphase. There are multiple algorithms, differing in complexity and accuracy. Hitbox intersection: This is an a-posteriori algorithm, that has the lowest complexity, but also isn't too accurate, Color intersection: Hitbox intersection for each pixel, a-posteriori, pixel-perfect, not accuratee in regards to time, higher complexity Separating axis theorem: This is used more often, accurate for triangles, however, a-posteriori, as it can't find the edge, when taking last frame in account, it's more stable Linear raycasting: A-priori algorithm, useful for semi-realistic-looking physics, finds the intersection point, even more accurate than SAT, but with more complexity Spline interpolation: A-priori, even more accurate than linear rays, even more coplexity. There are probably many more that I've forgot about. The question is, in when is it better to use SAT, when rays, when splines, and whether there is anything better.

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  • How to determine where on a path my object will be at a given point in time?

    - by Dave
    I have map and an obj that is meant to move from start to end in X amount of time. The movements are all straight lines, as curves are beyond my ability at the moment. So I am trying to get the object to move from these points, but along the way there are way points which keep it on a given path. The speed of the object is determined by how long it will take to get from start to end (based on X). This is what i have so far: //get_now() returns seconds since epoch var timepassed = get_now() - myObj[id].start; //seconds since epoch for departure var timeleft = myObj[id].end - get_now(); //seconds since epoch for arrival var journey_time = 60; //this means 60 minutes total journey time var array = [[650,250]]; //way points along the straight paths if(step == 0 || step =< array.length){ var destinationx = array[step][0]; var destinationy = array[step][1]; }else if( step == array.length){ var destinationx = 250; var destinationy = 100; } else { var destinationx = myObj[id].startx; var destinationy = myObj[id].starty; } step++; When the user logs in at any given time, the object needs to be drawn in the correct place of the path, almost as if its been travelling along the path whilst the user has not been at the PC with the available information i have above. How do I do this? Note: The camera angle in the game is a birds eye view so its a straight forward X:Y rather than isometric angles.

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  • Random World Generation

    - by Alex Larsen
    I'm making a game like minecraft (although a different idea) but I need a random world generator for a 1024 block wide and 256 block tall map. Basically so far I have a multidimensional array for each layer of blocks (a total of 262,114 blocks). This is the code I have now: Block[,] BlocksInMap = new Block[1024, 256]; public bool IsWorldGenerated = false; Random r = new Random(); private void RunThread() { for (int BH = 0; BH <= 256; BH++) { for (int BW = 0; BW <= 1024; BW++) { Block b = new Block(); if (BH >= 192) { } BlocksInMap[BW, BH] = b; } } IsWorldGenerated = true; } public void GenWorld() { new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunThread)).Start(); } I want to make tunnels and water but the way blocks are set is like this: Block MyBlock = new Block(); MyBlock.BlockType = Block.BlockTypes.Air; How would I manage to connect blocks so the land is not a bunch of floating dirt and stone?

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  • Acceptable GC frequency for a SlimDX/Windows/.NET game?

    - by Rei Miyasaka
    I understand that the Windows GC is much better than the Xbox/WP7 GC, being that it's generational and multithreaded -- so I don't need to worry quite as much about avoiding memory allocation. SlimDX even has some unavoidable functions that generate some amount of garbage (specifically, MapSubresource creates DataBoxes), yet people don't seem to be too upset about it. I'd like to use some functional paradigms to write my code too, which also means creating objects like closures and monads. I know premature optimization isn't a good thing, but are there rules of thumb or metrics that I can follow to know whether I need to cut down on allocations? Is, say, one gen 0 GC per frame too much? One thing that has me stumped is object promotions. Gen 0 GCs will supposedly finish within a millisecond or two, but if I'm understanding correctly, it's the gen 1 and 2 promotions that start to hurt. I'm not too sure how I can predict/prevent these.

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  • Triangle Strips and Tangent Space Normal Mapping

    - by Koarl
    Short: Do triangle strips and Tangent Space Normal mapping go together? According to quite a lot of tutorials on bump mapping, it seems common practice to derive tangent space matrices in a vertex program and transform the light direction vector(s) to tangent space and then pass them on to a fragment program. However, if one was using triangle strips or index buffers, it is a given that the vertex buffer contains vertices that sit at border edges and would thus require more than one normal to derive tangent space matrices to interpolate between in fragment programs. Is there any reasonable way to not have duplicate vertices in your buffer and still use tangent space normal mapping? Which one do you think is better: Having normal and tangent encoded in the assets and just optimize the geometry handling to alleviate the cost of duplicate vertices or using triangle strips and computing normals/tangents completely at run time? Thinking about it, the more reasonable answer seems to be the first one, but why might my professor still be fussing about triangle strips when it seems so obvious?

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  • importing BaseGameUtils library

    - by David
    Hey :) I am trying to add the BaseGameUtils library to my workspace, I am using this guide: https://developers.google.com/games/services/android/init , I have downloaded from here :https://developers.google.com/games/services/downloads/ The BaseGameUtils sample but when I am trying to import it using Eclipse it gives me so many wrong things like Main,MainActivity and not the real BaseGameUtils, what is wrong here?

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  • How to limit click'n'drag movement to an area?

    - by Vexille
    I apologize for the somewhat generic title. I'm really don't have much clue about how to accomplish what I'm trying to do, which is making it harder even to research a possible solution. I'm trying to implement a path marker of sorts (maybe there's a most suitable name for it, but this is the best I could come up with). In front of the player there will be a path marker, which will determine how the player will move once he finishes planning his turn. The player may click and drag the marker to the position they choose, but the marker can only be moved within a defined working area (the gray bit). So I'm now stuck with two problems: First of all, how exactly should I define that workable area? I can imagine maybe two vectors that have the player as a starting point to form the workable angle, and maybe those two arcs could come from circles that have their center where the player is, but I definetly don't know how to put this all together. And secondly, after I've defined the area where the marker can be placed, how can I enforce that the marker should only stay within that area? For example, if the player clicks and drags the marker around, it may move freely within the working area, but must not leave the boundaries of the area. So for example, if the player starts dragging the marker upwards, it will move upwards until it hits he end of the working area (first diagram below), but if after that the player starts dragging sideways, the marker must follow the drag while still within the area (second diagram below). I hope this wasn't all too confusing. Thanks, guys.

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  • rotate sprite and shooting bullets from the end of a cannon

    - by Alberto
    Hi all i have a problem in my Andengine code, I need , when I touch the screen, shoot a bullet from the cannon (in the same direction of the cannon) The cannon rotates perfectly but when I touch the screen the bullet is not created at the end of the turret This is my code: private void shootProjectile(final float pX, final float pY){ int offX = (int) (pX-canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[0]); int offY = (int) (pY-canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[1]); if (offX <= 0) return ; if(offY>=0) return; double X=canon.getX()+canon.getWidth()*0,5; double Y=canon.getY()+canon.getHeight()*0,5 ; final Sprite projectile; projectile = new Sprite( (float) X, (float) Y, mProjectileTextureRegion,this.getVertexBufferObjectManager() ); mMainScene.attachChild(projectile); int realX = (int) (mCamera.getWidth()+ projectile.getWidth()/2.0f); float ratio = (float) offY / (float) offX; int realY = (int) ((realX*ratio) + projectile.getY()); int offRealX = (int) (realX- projectile.getX()); int offRealY = (int) (realY- projectile.getY()); float length = (float) Math.sqrt((offRealX*offRealX)+(offRealY*offRealY)); float velocity = (float) 480.0f/1.0f; float realMoveDuration = length/velocity; MoveModifier modifier = new MoveModifier(realMoveDuration,projectile.getX(), realX, projectile.getY(), realY); projectile.registerEntityModifier(modifier); } @Override public boolean onSceneTouchEvent(Scene pScene, TouchEvent pSceneTouchEvent) { if (pSceneTouchEvent.getAction() == TouchEvent.ACTION_MOVE){ double dx = pSceneTouchEvent.getX() - canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[0]; double dy = pSceneTouchEvent.getY() - canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[1]; double Radius = Math.atan2(dy,dx); double Angle = Radius * 180 / Math.PI; canon.setRotation((float)Angle); return true; } else if (pSceneTouchEvent.getAction() == TouchEvent.ACTION_DOWN){ final float touchX = pSceneTouchEvent.getX(); final float touchY = pSceneTouchEvent.getY(); double dx = pSceneTouchEvent.getX() - canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[0]; double dy = pSceneTouchEvent.getY() - canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[1]; double Radius = Math.atan2(dy,dx); double Angle = Radius * 180 / Math.PI; canon.setRotation((float)Angle); shootProjectile(touchX, touchY); } return false; } Anyone know how to calculate the coordinates (X,Y) of the end of the barrel to draw the bullet?

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  • importing animations in Blender, weird rotations/locations

    - by user975135
    This is for the Blender 2.6 API. There are two problems: 1. When I import a single animation frame from my animation file to Blender, all bones look fine. But when I import multiple (all of the frames), just the first one looks right, seems like newer frames are affected by older ones, so you get slightly off positions/rotations. This is true when both assigning PoseBone.matrix and PoseBone.matrix_basis. bone_index = 0 # for each frame: for frame_index in range(frame_count): # for each pose bone: add a key for bone_name in bone_names: # "bone_names" - a list of bone names I got earlier pose.bones[bone_name].matrix = animation_matrices[frame_index][bone_index] # "animation_matrices" - a nested list of matrices generated from reading a file # create the 'keys' for the Action from the poses pose.bones[bone_name].keyframe_insert('location', frame = frame_index+1) pose.bones[bone_name].keyframe_insert('rotation_euler', frame = frame_index+1) pose.bones[bone_name].keyframe_insert('scale', frame = frame_index+1) bone_index += 1 bone_index = 0 Again, it seems like previous frames are affecting latter ones, because if I import a single frame from the middle of the animation, it looks fine. 2. I can't assign armature-space animation matrices read from a file to a skeleton with hierarchy (parenting). In Blender 2.4 you could just assign them to PoseBone.poseMatrix and bones would deform perfectly whether the bones had a hierarchy or none at all. In Blender 2.6, there's PoseBone.matrix_basis and PoseBone.matrix. While matrix_basis is relative to parent bone, matrix isn't, the API says it's in object space. So it should have worked, but doesn't. So I guess we need to calculate a local space matrix from our armature-space animation matrices from the files. So I tried multiplying it ( PoseBone.matrix ) with PoseBone.parent.matrix.inverted() in both possible orders with no luck, still weird deformations.

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  • OpenGL Shading Program Object Memory Requirement

    - by Hans Wurst
    gDEbugger states that OpenGL's program objects only occupy an insignificant amount of memory. How much is this actually? I don't know if the stuff I looked up in mesa is actually that I was looking for but it requires 16KB [Edit: false, confusing struct names, less than 1KB immediate, some further behind pointers] per program object. Not quite insignificant. So is it recommended to create a unique program object for each object of the scene? Or to share a single program object and set the scene's object's custom variables just before its draw call?

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  • New way of integrating Openfeint in Cocos2d-x 0.12.0

    - by Ef Es
    I am trying to implement OpenFeint for Android in my cocos2d-x project. My approach so far has been creating a button that calls a static java method in class Bridge using jnihelper functions (jnihelper only accepts statics). Bridge has one singleton attribute of type OFAndroid, that is the class dynamically calling the Openfeint Api methods, and every method in the bridge just forwards it to the OFAndroid object. What I am trying to do now is to initialize the openfeint libraries in the main java class that is the one calling the static C++ libraries. My problem right now is that the initializing function void com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(Context ctx, OpenFeintSettings settings, OpenFeintDelegate delegate) is not accepting the context parameter that I am giving him, which is a "this" reference to the main class. Main class extends from Cocos2dxActivity but I don't have any other that extends from Application. Any suggestions on fixing it or how to improve the architecture? EDIT: I am trying a new solution. Make the bridge class into an Application child, is called from Main object, initializes OpenFeint when created and it can call the OpenFeint functions instead of needing an additional class. The problem is I still get the error. 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.content.ContextWrapper.getPackageManager(ContextWrapper.java:85) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.validateManifest(OpenFeintInternal.java:885) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initializeWithoutLoggingIn(OpenFeintInternal.java:829) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.internal.OpenFeintInternal.initialize(OpenFeintInternal.java:852) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at com.openfeint.api.OpenFeint.initialize(OpenFeint.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.NuroFeint.onCreate(NuroFeint.java:23) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at nurogames.fastfish.FastFish.onCreate(FastFish.java:47) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1069) 03-30 14:39:22.661: E/AndroidRuntime(9029): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2751)

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  • Nothing drawing on screen OpenGL with GLSL

    - by codemonkey
    I hate to be asking this kind of question here, but I am at a complete loss as to what is going wrong, so please bear with me. I am trying to render a single cube (voxel) in the center of the screen, through OpenGL with GLSL on Mac I begin by setting up everything using glut glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA|GLUT_ALPHA|GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize(DEFAULT_WINDOW_WIDTH, DEFAULT_WINDOW_HEIGHT); glutCreateWindow("Cubez-OSX"); glutReshapeFunc(reshape); glutDisplayFunc(render); glutIdleFunc(idle); _electricSheepEngine=new ElectricSheepEngine(DEFAULT_WINDOW_WIDTH, DEFAULT_WINDOW_HEIGHT); _electricSheepEngine->initWorld(); glutMainLoop(); Then inside the engine init camera & projection matrices: cameraPosition=glm::vec3(2,2,2); cameraTarget=glm::vec3(0,0,0); cameraUp=glm::vec3(0,0,1); glm::vec3 cameraDirection=glm::normalize(cameraPosition-cameraTarget); cameraRight=glm::cross(cameraDirection, cameraUp); cameraRight.z=0; view=glm::lookAt(cameraPosition, cameraTarget, cameraUp); lensAngle=45.0f; aspectRatio=1.0*(windowWidth/windowHeight); nearClippingPlane=0.1f; farClippingPlane=100.0f; projection=glm::perspective(lensAngle, aspectRatio, nearClippingPlane, farClippingPlane); then init shaders and check compilation and bound attributes & uniforms to be correctly bound (my previous question) These are my two shaders, vertex: #version 120 attribute vec3 position; attribute vec3 inColor; uniform mat4 mvp; varying vec3 fragColor; void main(void){ fragColor = inColor; gl_Position = mvp * vec4(position, 1.0); } and fragment: #version 120 varying vec3 fragColor; void main(void) { gl_FragColor = vec4(fragColor,1.0); } init the cube: setPosition(glm::vec3(0,0,0)); struct voxelData data[]={ //front face {{-1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 0.0, 1.0}}, {{ 1.0, -1.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 1.0}}, {{ 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 0.0, 1.0}}, {{-1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 1.0}}, //back face {{-1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {0.0, 0.0, 1.0}}, {{ 1.0, -1.0, -1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 1.0}}, {{ 1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, {0.0, 0.0, 1.0}}, {{-1.0, 1.0, -1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 1.0}} }; glGenBuffers(1, &modelVerticesBufferObject); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, modelVerticesBufferObject); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(data), data, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); const GLubyte indices[] = { // Front 0, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0, // Back 4, 6, 5, 4, 7, 6, // Left 2, 7, 3, 7, 6, 2, // Right 0, 4, 1, 4, 1, 5, // Top 6, 2, 1, 1, 6, 5, // Bottom 0, 3, 7, 0, 7, 4 }; glGenBuffers(1, &modelFacesBufferObject); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, modelFacesBufferObject); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); and then the render call: glClearColor(0.52, 0.8, 0.97, 1.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); //use the shader glUseProgram(shaderProgram); //enable attributes in program glEnableVertexAttribArray(shaderAttribute_position); glEnableVertexAttribArray(shaderAttribute_color); //model matrix using model position vector glm::mat4 mvp=projection*view*voxel->getModelMatrix(); glUniformMatrix4fv(shaderAttribute_mvp, 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(mvp)); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, voxel->modelVerticesBufferObject); glVertexAttribPointer(shaderAttribute_position, // attribute 3, // number of elements per vertex, here (x,y) GL_FLOAT, // the type of each element GL_FALSE, // take our values as-is sizeof(struct voxelData), // coord every (sizeof) elements 0 // offset of first element ); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, voxel->modelVerticesBufferObject); glVertexAttribPointer(shaderAttribute_color, // attribute 3, // number of colour elements per vertex, here (x,y) GL_FLOAT, // the type of each element GL_FALSE, // take our values as-is sizeof(struct voxelData), // coord every (sizeof) elements (GLvoid *)(offsetof(struct voxelData, color3D)) // offset of colour data ); //draw the model by going through its elements array glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, voxel->modelFacesBufferObject); int bufferSize; glGetBufferParameteriv(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, GL_BUFFER_SIZE, &bufferSize); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, bufferSize/sizeof(GLushort), GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0); //close up the attribute in program, no more need glDisableVertexAttribArray(shaderAttribute_position); glDisableVertexAttribArray(shaderAttribute_color); but on screen all I get is the clear color :$ I generate my model matrix using: modelMatrix=glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0), position); which in debug turns out to be for the position of (0,0,0): |1, 0, 0, 0| |0, 1, 0, 0| |0, 0, 1, 0| |0, 0, 0, 1| Sorry for such a question, I know it is annoying to look at someone's code, but I promise I have tried to debug around and figure it out as much as I can, and can't come to a solution Help a noob please? EDIT: Full source here, if anyone wants

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  • What is the best way to check if there is overlap between player and static, non-collidable items in bullet physic engine

    - by tigrou
    I'd like to add non collidable objects (eg: power ups, items, ...) in a game world using Bullet Physics Engine and to know if there is collision between player and them. Some info : there is a lot of items ( 1000), all are box shapes and they don't overlap. Here is things i have tried : btDbvt* bvtItems = new btDbvt(); //btDbvt is a hierachical AABB tree, used by Bullet foreach(var item ...) { btDbvtVolume volume = ... //compute item AABB; bvtItems->insert(volume, (void*)someExtraData); } Then, to find collisions between items and player : playerRigidBody->getAabb(min, max); btDbvtVolume playervolume = ... //compute player AABB bvtItems->collideTV(bvtItems->m_root, playervolume, *someCollisionHandler); This works fairly well (and its very fast), however, there is a problem : it only check items AABB against player AABB. That loss of precision is acceptable for items but not for player which is not a box. It would actually need another check to make sure player really collide with item but i don't know how to do this in Bullet. It would have been nice to have a function like this : playerRigidBody->checkCollisionWithAABB(); After doing trying that, I discovered that a btGhostObject exist and seems to have been made for that. I changed my code like this : foreach(var item...) { btCollisionObject* ghostObject = new btGhostObject(); ghostObject->setCollisionShape(boxShape); ghostObject->setCollisionFlags(ghostObject->getCollisionFlags() | btCollisionObject::CF_NO_CONTACT_RESPONSE); startTransform.setOrigin(...); //item position ghostObject->setWorldTransform(startTransform); dynamicsWorld->addCollisionObject(ghostObject, btBroadphaseProxy::SensorTrigger, btBroadphaseProxy:: CharacterFilter); } It also works ok, but there is a huge fps drop (almost ten times slower) which is not acceptable. Maybe there is something missing (forget set a flag) and Bullet is doing extra job for nothing or maybe all that ghostObjects are polluting broad phase and ghostObject is not the right thing for that. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • UV Atlas Generation and Seam Removal

    - by P. Avery
    I'm generating light maps for scene mesh objects using DirectX's UV Atlas Tool( D3DXUVAtlasCreate() ). I've succeeded in generating an atlas, however, when I try to render the mesh object using the atlas the seams are visible on the mesh. Below are images of a lightmap generated for a cube. Here is the code I use to generate a uv atlas for a cube: struct sVertexPosNormTex { D3DXVECTOR3 vPos, vNorm; D3DXVECTOR2 vUV; sVertexPosNormTex(){} sVertexPosNormTex( D3DXVECTOR3 v, D3DXVECTOR3 n, D3DXVECTOR2 uv ) { vPos = v; vNorm = n; vUV = uv; } ~sVertexPosNormTex() { } }; // create a light map texture to fill programatically hr = D3DXCreateTexture( pd3dDevice, 128, 128, 1, 0, D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &pLightmap ); if( FAILED( hr ) ) { DebugStringDX( "Main", "Failed to D3DXCreateTexture( lightmap )", __LINE__, hr ); return hr; } // get the zero level surface from the texture IDirect3DSurface9 *pS = NULL; pLightmap->GetSurfaceLevel( 0, &pS ); // clear surface pd3dDevice->ColorFill( pS, NULL, D3DCOLOR_XRGB( 0, 0, 0 ) ); // load a sample mesh DWORD dwcMaterials = 0; LPD3DXBUFFER pMaterialBuffer = NULL; V_RETURN( D3DXLoadMeshFromX( L"cube3.x", D3DXMESH_MANAGED, pd3dDevice, &pAdjacency, &pMaterialBuffer, NULL, &dwcMaterials, &g_pMesh ) ); // generate adjacency DWORD *pdwAdjacency = new DWORD[ 3 * g_pMesh->GetNumFaces() ]; g_pMesh->GenerateAdjacency( 1e-6f, pdwAdjacency ); // create light map coordinates LPD3DXMESH pMesh = NULL; LPD3DXBUFFER pFacePartitioning = NULL, pVertexRemapArray = NULL; FLOAT resultStretch = 0; UINT numCharts = 0; hr = D3DXUVAtlasCreate( g_pMesh, 0, 0, 128, 128, 3.5f, 0, pdwAdjacency, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &pMesh, &pFacePartitioning, &pVertexRemapArray, &resultStretch, &numCharts ); if( SUCCEEDED( hr ) ) { // release and set mesh SAFE_RELEASE( g_pMesh ); g_pMesh = pMesh; // write mesh to file hr = D3DXSaveMeshToX( L"cube4.x", g_pMesh, 0, ( const D3DXMATERIAL* )pMaterialBuffer->GetBufferPointer(), NULL, dwcMaterials, D3DXF_FILEFORMAT_TEXT ); if( FAILED( hr ) ) { DebugStringDX( "Main", "Failed to D3DXSaveMeshToX() at OnD3D9CreateDevice()", __LINE__, hr ); } // fill the the light map hr = BuildLightmap( pS, g_pMesh ); if( FAILED( hr ) ) { DebugStringDX( "Main", "Failed to BuildLightmap()", __LINE__, hr ); } } else { DebugStringDX( "Main", "Failed to D3DXUVAtlasCreate() at OnD3D9CreateDevice()", __LINE__, hr ); } SAFE_RELEASE( pS ); SAFE_DELETE_ARRAY( pdwAdjacency ); SAFE_RELEASE( pFacePartitioning ); SAFE_RELEASE( pVertexRemapArray ); SAFE_RELEASE( pMaterialBuffer ); Here is code to fill lightmap texture: HRESULT BuildLightmap( IDirect3DSurface9 *pS, LPD3DXMESH pMesh ) { HRESULT hr = S_OK; // validate lightmap texture surface and mesh if( !pS || !pMesh ) return E_POINTER; // lock the mesh vertex buffer sVertexPosNormTex *pV = NULL; pMesh->LockVertexBuffer( D3DLOCK_READONLY, ( void** )&pV ); // lock the mesh index buffer WORD *pI = NULL; pMesh->LockIndexBuffer( D3DLOCK_READONLY, ( void** )&pI ); // get the lightmap texture surface description D3DSURFACE_DESC desc; pS->GetDesc( &desc ); // lock the surface rect to fill with color data D3DLOCKED_RECT rct; hr = pS->LockRect( &rct, NULL, 0 ); if( FAILED( hr ) ) { DebugStringDX( "main.cpp:", "Failed to IDirect3DTexture9::LockRect()", __LINE__, hr ); return hr; } // iterate the pixels of the lightmap texture // check each pixel to see if it lies between the uv coordinates of a cube face BYTE *pBuffer = ( BYTE* )rct.pBits; for( UINT y = 0; y < desc.Height; ++y ) { BYTE* pBufferRow = ( BYTE* )pBuffer; for( UINT x = 0; x < desc.Width * 4; x+=4 ) { // determine the pixel's uv coordinate D3DXVECTOR2 p( ( ( float )x / 4.0f ) / ( float )desc.Width + 0.5f / 128.0f, y / ( float )desc.Height + 0.5f / 128.0f ); // for each face of the mesh // check to see if the pixel lies within the face's uv coordinates for( UINT i = 0; i < 3 * pMesh->GetNumFaces(); i +=3 ) { sVertexPosNormTex v[ 3 ]; v[ 0 ] = pV[ pI[ i + 0 ] ]; v[ 1 ] = pV[ pI[ i + 1 ] ]; v[ 2 ] = pV[ pI[ i + 2 ] ]; if( TexcoordIsWithinBounds( v[ 0 ].vUV, v[ 1 ].vUV, v[ 2 ].vUV, p ) ) { // the pixel lies b/t the uv coordinates of a cube face // light contribution functions aren't needed yet //D3DXVECTOR3 vPos = TexcoordToPos( v[ 0 ].vPos, v[ 1 ].vPos, v[ 2 ].vPos, v[ 0 ].vUV, v[ 1 ].vUV, v[ 2 ].vUV, p ); //D3DXVECTOR3 vNormal = v[ 0 ].vNorm; // set the color of this pixel red( for demo ) BYTE ba[] = { 0, 0, 255, 255, }; //ComputeContribution( vPos, vNormal, g_sLight, ba ); // copy the byte array into the light map texture memcpy( ( void* )&pBufferRow[ x ], ( void* )ba, 4 * sizeof( BYTE ) ); } } } // go to next line of the texture pBuffer += rct.Pitch; } // unlock the surface rect pS->UnlockRect(); // unlock mesh vertex and index buffers pMesh->UnlockIndexBuffer(); pMesh->UnlockVertexBuffer(); // write the surface to file hr = D3DXSaveSurfaceToFile( L"LightMap.jpg", D3DXIFF_JPG, pS, NULL, NULL ); if( FAILED( hr ) ) DebugStringDX( "Main.cpp", "Failed to D3DXSaveSurfaceToFile()", __LINE__, hr ); return hr; } bool TexcoordIsWithinBounds( const D3DXVECTOR2 &t0, const D3DXVECTOR2 &t1, const D3DXVECTOR2 &t2, const D3DXVECTOR2 &p ) { // compute vectors D3DXVECTOR2 v0 = t1 - t0, v1 = t2 - t0, v2 = p - t0; float f00 = D3DXVec2Dot( &v0, &v0 ); float f01 = D3DXVec2Dot( &v0, &v1 ); float f02 = D3DXVec2Dot( &v0, &v2 ); float f11 = D3DXVec2Dot( &v1, &v1 ); float f12 = D3DXVec2Dot( &v1, &v2 ); // Compute barycentric coordinates float invDenom = 1 / ( f00 * f11 - f01 * f01 ); float fU = ( f11 * f02 - f01 * f12 ) * invDenom; float fV = ( f00 * f12 - f01 * f02 ) * invDenom; // Check if point is in triangle if( ( fU >= 0 ) && ( fV >= 0 ) && ( fU + fV < 1 ) ) return true; return false; } Screenshot Lightmap I believe the problem comes from the difference between the lightmap uv coordinates and the pixel center coordinates...for example, here are the lightmap uv coordinates( generated by D3DXUVAtlasCreate() ) for a specific face( tri ) within the mesh, keep in mind that I'm using the mesh uv coordinates to write the pixels for the texture: v[ 0 ].uv = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.003581, 0.295631 ); v[ 1 ].uv = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.003581, 0.003581 ); v[ 2 ].uv = D3DXVECTOR2( 0.295631, 0.003581 ); the lightmap texture size is 128 x 128 pixels. The upper-left pixel center coordinates are: float halfPixel = 0.5 / 128 = 0.00390625; D3DXVECTOR2 pixelCenter = D3DXVECTOR2( halfPixel, halfPixel ); will the mapping and sampling of the lightmap texture will require that an offset be taken into account or that the uv coordinates are snapped to the pixel centers..? ...Any ideas on the best way to approach this situation would be appreciated...What are the common practices?

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  • problem adding bumpmap to textured gluSphere in JOGL

    - by ChocoMan
    I currently have one texture on a gluSphere that represents the Earth being displayed perfectly, but having trouble figuring out how to implement a bumpmap as well. The bumpmap resides in "res/planet/earth/earthbump1k.jpg".Here is the code I have for the regular texture: gl.glTranslatef(xPath, 0, yPath + zPos); gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // base color for earth earthGluSphere = glu.gluNewQuadric(); colorTexture.enable(); // enable texture colorTexture.bind(); // bind texture // draw sphere... glu.gluDeleteQuadric(earthGluSphere); colorTexture.disable(); // texturing public void loadPlanetTexture(GL2 gl) { InputStream colorMap = null; try { colorMap = new FileInputStream("res/planet/earth/earthmap1k.jpg"); TextureData data = TextureIO.newTextureData(colorMap, false, null); colorTexture = TextureIO.newTexture(data); colorTexture.getImageTexCoords(); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL2.GL_LINEAR); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL2.GL_NEAREST); colorMap.close(); } catch(IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(1); } // Set material properties gl.glTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL2.GL_LINEAR); gl.glTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL2.GL_NEAREST); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S); colorTexture.setTexParameteri(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL2.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T); } How would I add the bumpmap as well to the same gluSphere?

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  • Example of DOD design (on a generic Zombie game)

    - by Jeffrey
    I can't seem to find a nice explanation of the Data Oriented Design for a generic zombie game (it's just an example, pretty common example). Could you make an example of the Data Oriented Design on creating a generic zombie class? Is the following good? Zombie list class: class ZombieList { GLuint vbo; // generic zombie vertex model std::vector<color>; // object default color std::vector<texture>; // objects textures std::vector<vector3D>; // objects positions public: unsigned int create(); // return object id void move(unsigned int objId, vector3D offset); void rotate(unsigned int objId, float angle); void setColor(unsigned int objId, color c); void setPosition(unsigned int objId, color c); void setTexture(unsigned int, unsigned int); ... void update(Player*); // move towards player, attack if near } Example: Player p; Zombielist zl; unsigned int first = zl.create(); zl.setPosition(first, vector3D(50, 50)); zl.setTexture(first, texture("zombie1.png")); ... while (running) { // main loop ... zl.update(&p); zl.draw(); // draw every zombie } Or would creating a generic World container that contains every action from bite(zombieId, playerId) to moveTo(playerId, vector) to createPlayer() to shoot(playerId, vector) to face(radians)/face(vector); and contains: std::vector<zombie> std::vector<player> ... std::vector<mapchunk> ... std::vector<vbobufferid> player_run_animation; ... be a good example? Whats the proper way to organize a game with DOD?

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  • How do engines avoid "Phase Lock" (multiple objects in same location) in a Physics Engine?

    - by C0M37
    Let me explain Phase Lock first: When two objects of non zero mass occupy the same space but have zero energy (no velocity). Do they bump forever with zero velocity resolution vectors or do they just stay locked together until an outside force interacts? In my home brewed engine, I realized that if I loaded a character into a tree and moved them, they would signal a collision and hop back to their original spot. I suppose I could fix this by implementing impulses in the event of a collision instead of just jumping back to the last spot I was in (my implementation kind of sucks). But while I make my engine more robust, I'm just curious on how most other physics engines handle this case. Do objects that start in the same spot with no movement speed just shoot out from each other in a random direction? Or do they sit there until something happens? Which option is generally the best approach?

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  • Socket.io v.9 with Actionscript

    - by funseiki
    I'm attempting to develop an online multiplayer game using Node.js for the server and Flash to display the client. I've been reading up a bit and have found quite a few recommendations for the socket.io library. I've also found a github project which exposes code to help facilitate communication between an Actionscript 3.0 client and a server using socket.io. The project I mentioned is a bit dated and doesn't seem to have support for the latest version of socket.io, so I was wondering if leveraging this framework (socket.io, that is) would be the most ideal way to go. I have found a simple project that uses the standard 'net' module for node.js, but because there a few options available, I'm a little lost as to which one to go with. I'm currently leaning towards just using the regular 'net' module as it is already familiar to me. Since much of the client is already coded up, I'd really like to not switch over to using the HTML5 canvas just yet (but using socket.io would make a transition in the future more friendly, I think?). Any advice/direction on this matter would be much appreciated, though I do realize that there may be no one right answer. Edit: To be more specific, are there any client-side socket.io frameworks available that allow for communication between an Actionscript 3.0 client and a socket.io server and are robust enough to support current/future versions of socket.io? If not, what are the alternatives?

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