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  • Can a binary tree or tree be always represented in a Database as 1 table and self-referencing?

    - by Jian Lin
    I didn't feel this rule before, but it seems that a binary tree or any tree (each node can have many children but children cannot point back to any parent), then this data structure can be represented as 1 table in a database, with each row having an ID for itself and a parentID that points back to the parent node. That is in fact the classical Employee - Manager diagram: one boss can have many people under him... and each person can have n people under him, etc. This is a tree structure and is represented in database books as a common example as a single table Employee.

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  • Managing Foreign Keys

    - by jwzk
    So I have a database with a few tables. The first table contains the user ID, first name and last name. The second table contains the user ID, interest ID, and interest rating. There is another table that has all of the interest ID's. For every interest ID (even when new ones are added), I need to make sure that each user has an entry for that interest ID (even if its blank, or has defaults). Will foreign keys help with this scenario? or will I need to use PHP to update each and every record when I add a new key?

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  • How do I return a message if $_GET is null or does not match any database entries?

    - by CT
    I am working on designing an IT Asset database. Here I am working on a page used to view details on a specific asset determined by an asset id. Here I grab $id from $_GET["id"]; When $id is null, the page does not load. When $id does not match any entry within the database, the page loads but no asset table is printed. In both these cases, I would like to display a message like "There is no database entry for that Asset ID" How would this be handled? Thank you. <?php /* * View Asset * */ # include functions script include "functions.php"; $id = $_GET["id"]; ConnectDB(); $type = GetAssetType($id); ?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" /> <title>Wagman IT Asset</title> </head> <body> <div id="page"> <div id="header"> <img src="images/logo.png" /> </div> </div> <div id="content"> <div id="container"> <div id="main"> <div id="menu"> <ul> <table width="100%" border="0"> <tr> <td width="15%"></td> <td width="30%%"><li><a href="index.php">Search Assets</a></li></td> <td width="30%"><li><a href="addAsset.php">Add Asset</a></li></td> <td width="25%"></td> </tr> </table> </ul> </div> <div id="text"> <ul> <li> <h1>View Asset</h1> </li> </ul> <br /> <?php switch ($type){ case "Server": $result = QueryServer($id); $ServerArray = GetServerData($result); PrintServerTable($ServerArray); break; case "Desktop"; break; case "Laptop"; break; } ?> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div id="footer" align="center"> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> <div id="tagline"> Wagman Construction - Bridging Generations since 1902 </div> </body> </html>

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  • SQl queries searching by date range

    - by tecno
    Hi, I have a table in an Access 2007 database, all fields are of type text. Can the following be done using the where clause. If so how? SELECT * from Table1 WHERE (ColumnDate is between 26th and 19th of march 2010) SELECT * from Table1 WHERE (ColumnAge is between 25 and 40) The usual < <= operators dont seem to work. Thanks,

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  • Is using Natural Join or Implicit column names not a good practice when writing SQL in a programming

    - by Jian Lin
    When we use Natural Join, we are joining the tables when both table have the same column names. But what if we write it in PHP and then the DBA add some more fields to both tables, then the Natural Join can break? The same goes for Insert, if we do a insert into gifts values (NULL, "chocolate", "choco.jpg", now()); then it will break the code as well as contaminating the table when the DBA adds some fields to the table (example as column 2 or 3). So it is always best to spell out the column names when the SQL statements are written inside a programming language and stored in a file in a big project.

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  • Form is trying to save the login value of the submit button to my DB.

    - by Sergio Tapia
    Here's my Zend code: <?php require_once ('Zend\Form.php'); class Sergio_Form_registrationform extends Zend_Form { public function init(){ /*********************USERNAME**********************/ $username = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('username'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $username ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Username:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($username); /*********************EMAIL**********************/ $email = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('email'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $email ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('EMail:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($email); /*********************PASSWORD**********************/ $password = new Zend_Form_Element_Password('password'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $password ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Password:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($password); /*********************NAME**********************/ $name = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('name'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $name ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Name:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($name); /*********************LASTNAME**********************/ $lastname = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('lastname'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $lastname ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Last Name:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($lastname); /*********************DATEOFBIRTH**********************/ $dateofbirth = new Zend_Form_Element_Text('dateofbirth'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $dateofbirth->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Date of Birth:') ->addFilter('StringToLower') ->addValidator('alnum') ->addValidator('regex', false, array('/^[a-z]+/')) ->addValidator('stringLength',false,array(6,20)); $this->addElement($dateofbirth); /*********************AVATAR**********************/ $avatar = new Zend_Form_Element_File('avatar'); $alnumValidator = new Zend_Validate_Alnum(); $avatar ->setRequired(true) ->setLabel('Please select a display picture:'); $this->addElement($avatar); /*********************SUBMIT**********************/ $this->addElement('submit', 'login', array('label' => 'Login')); } } ?> Here's the code I use to save the values: public function saveforminformationAction(){ $form = new Sergio_Form_registrationform(); $request = $this->getRequest(); //if($request->isPost() && $form->isValid($_POST)){ $data = $form->getValues(); $db = $this->_getParam('db'); $db->insert('user',$data); //} } When trying to save the values, I recieve a ghastly error: Column 'login' not found.

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  • MySqli Prepared Statment Fetch Row

    - by pws5068
    I'm looking for an efficient way to select a specific row with a php prepared statement. $iDB = new mysqliDB(); $stmt = $iDB->prepare($sql); $stmt->bind_param('s',$searhStr); $stmt->execute(); $stmt->store_result(); $stmt->bind_result($objID,$typeID,$year,$updated); // Now jump to row $rowNumber echo("Obj ID = {$objID}"); Any suggestions? Thanks!

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  • Testing for existence using SELECT WHERE HAVING and NOT HAVING in a grouped subset

    - by IanC
    I have data on which I need to count +1 if a particular condition exists or another condition doesn't exist. I'm using SQL Server 2008. I shred the following simplified sample XML into a temp table and validate it: <product type="1"> <param type="1"> <item mode="0" weight="1" /> </param> <param type="2"> <item mode="1" weight="1" /> <item mode="0" weight="0.1" /> </param> <param type="3"> <item mode="1" weight="0.75" /> <item mode="1" weight="0.25" /> </param> </product> The validation in concern is the following rule: For each product type, for each param type, mode may be 0 & (1 || 2). In other words, there may be a 0(s), but then 1s or 2s are required, or there may be only 1(s) or 2(s). There cannot be only 0s, and there cannot be 1s and 2s. The only part I haven't figured out is how to detect if there are only 0s. This seems like a "not having" problem. The validation code (for this part): WITH t1 AS ( SELECT SUM(t.ParamWeight) AS S, COUNT(1) AS C, t.ProductTypeID, t.ParamTypeID, t.Mode FROM @t AS t GROUP BY t.ProductTypeID, t.ParamTypeID, t.Mode ), ... UNION ALL SELECT TOP (1) 1 -- only mode 0 & (1 || 2) is allowed FROM t1 WHERE t1.Mode IN (1, 2) GROUP BY t1.ProductTypeID, t1.ParamTypeID HAVING COUNT(1) > 1 UNION ALL ... ) SELECT @C = COUNT(1) FROM t2 This will show if any mode 1s & 2s are mixed, but not if the group contains only a 0. I'm sure there is a simple solution, but it's evading me right now. EDIT: I thought of a "cheat" that works perfectly. I added the following to the above: SELECT TOP (1) 1 -- only mode 0 & (null || 1 || 2) is allowed FROM t1 GROUP BY t1.ProductTypeID, t1.ParamTypeID HAVING SUM(t1.Mode) = 0 However, I'd still like to know how to do this without cheating.

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  • LINQ for Java tool

    - by Milhous
    Would a LINQ for java be a useful tool? I have been working on a tool that will allow a Java object to map to a row in a database. Would this be useful for Java programmers? What features would be useful?

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  • ob_start() is partially capturing data

    - by AAA
    I am using the following code: PHP: // Generate Guid function NewGuid() { $s = strtoupper(uniqid(rand(),true)); $guidText = substr($s,0,8) . '-' . substr($s,8,4) . '-' . substr($s,12,4). '-' . substr($s,16,4). '-' . substr($s,20); return $guidText; } // End Generate Guid $Guid = NewGuid(); $alphabet = '123456789abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ'; function base_encode($num, $alphabet) { $base_count = strlen($alphabet); $encoded = ''; while ($num >= $base_count) { $div = $num/$base_count; $mod = ($num-($base_count*intval($div))); $encoded = $alphabet[$mod] . $encoded; $num = intval($div); } if ($num) $encoded = $alphabet[$num] . $encoded; return $encoded; } function base_decode($num, $alphabet) { $decoded = 0; $multi = 1; while (strlen($num) > 0) { $digit = $num[strlen($num)-1]; $decoded += $multi * strpos($alphabet, $digit); $multi = $multi * strlen($alphabet); $num = substr($num, 0, -1); } return $decoded; } ob_start(); echo base_encode($Guid, $alphabet); //should output: bUKpk $theid = ob_get_contents(); ob_get_clean(); The problem: When i echo $theid, it shows the complete entry, but as it is being inserted into the database, only the first entry in the sequence gets inserted, for example for the entry buKPK, only 'b' is being inserted not the rest.

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  • Adding to database with multiple text boxes

    - by kira423
    What I am trying to do with this script is allow users to update a url for their websites, and since each user isn't going to have the same amount of websites is is hard for me to just add $_POST['website'] for each of these. Here is the script <?php include("config.php"); include("header.php"); include("functions.php"); if(!isset($_SESSION['username']) && !isset($_SESSION['password'])){ header("Location: pubs.php"); } $getmember = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `publishers` WHERE username = '".$_SESSION['username']."'"); $info = mysql_fetch_array($getmember); $getsites = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `websites` WHERE publisher = '".$info['username']."'"); $postback = $_POST['website']; $webname = $_POST['webid']; if($_POST['submit']){ var_dump( $_POST['website'] ); $update = mysql_query("UPDATE `websites` SET `postback` = '$postback' WHERE name = '$webname'"); } print" <div id='center'> <span id='tools_lander'><a href='export.php'>Export Campaigns</a></span> <div id='calendar_holder'> <h3>Please define a postback for each of your websites below. The following variables should be used when creating your postback.<br /> cid = Campaign ID<br /> sid = Sub ID<br /> rate = Campaign Rate<br /> status = Status of Lead. 1 means payable 2 mean reversed<br /> A sample postback URL would be <br /> http://www.example.com/postback.php?cid=#cid&sid=#sid&rate=#rate&status=#status</h3> <table class='balances' align='center'> <form method='POST' action=''>"; while($website = mysql_fetch_array($getsites)){ print" <tr> <input type ='hidden' name='webid' value='".$website['id']."' /> <td style='font-weight:bold;'>".$website['name']."'s Postback:</td> <td><input type='text' style='width:400px;' name='website[]' value='".$website['postback']."' /></td> </tr>"; } print" <td style='float:right;position:relative;left:150px;'><input type='submit' name='submit' style='font-size:15px;height:30px;width:100px;' value='Submit' /></td> </form> </table> </div>"; include("footer.php"); ?> What I am attempting to do insert the what is inputted in the text boxes to their corresponding websites, and I cannot think of any other way to do it, and this obviously does not works and returns a notice stating Array to string conversion If there is a more logical way to do this please let me know.

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  • Sql script, create a database

    - by Blanca
    Hi! I have the next file: create_mysql.sql DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS playence_media; CREATE DATABASE playence_media; USE playence_media; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'media'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'media' WITH GRANT OPTION; But I don't know how to create this database. I would like to do it with my terminal, no other graphics interfaces. Thanks

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  • PHP error problem.

    - by TaG
    I get the following error on line 8: Undefined index: real_name which is $privacy_policy = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, $_POST['privacy_policy']); I was wondering how can I fix this problem? Here is the PHP. if (isset($_POST['submitted'])) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT users.* FROM users WHERE user_id=3"); $privacy_policy = mysqli_real_escape_string($mysqli, $_POST['privacy_policy']); if (mysqli_num_rows($dbc) == 0) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"INSERT INTO users (user_id, privacy_policy) VALUES ('$user_id', '$privacy_policy')"); } if ($dbc == TRUE) { $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"UPDATE users SET privacy_policy = '$privacy_policy' WHERE user_id = '$user_id'"); echo '<p class="changes-saved">Your changes have been saved!</p>'; } if (!$dbc) { print mysqli_error($mysqli); return; } } Here is the HTML. <form method="post" action="index.php"> <fieldset> <ul> <li><input type="checkbox" name="privacy_policy" id="privacy_policy" value="yes" <?php if (isset($_POST['privacy_policy'])) { echo 'checked="checked"'; } else if($privacy_policy == "yes") { echo 'checked="checked"'; } ?> /></li> <li><input type="submit" name="submit" value="Save Changes" class="save-button" /> <input type="hidden" name="submitted" value="true" /> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Preview Changes" class="preview-changes-button" /></li> </ul> </fieldset> </form>

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  • Database Error Handling: What if You have to Call Outside service and the Transaction Fails?

    - by Ngu Soon Hui
    We all know that we can always wrap our database call in transaction ( with or without a proper ORM), in a form like this: $con = Propel::getConnection(EventPeer::DATABASE_NAME); try { $con->begin(); // do your update, save, delete or whatever here. $con->commit(); } catch (PropelException $e) { $con->rollback(); throw $e; } This way would guarantee that if the transaction fails, the database is restored to the correct status. But the problem is that let's say when I do a transaction, in addition to that transaction, I need to update another database ( an example would be when I update an entry in a column in databaseA, another entry in a column in databaseB must be updated). How to handle this case? Let's say, this is my code, I have three databases that need to be updated ( dbA, dbB, dbc): $con = Propel::getConnection("dbA"); try { $con->begin(); // update to dbA // update to dbB //update to dbc $con->commit(); } catch (PropelException $e) { $con->rollback(); throw $e; } If dbc fails, I can rollback the dbA but I can't rollback dbb. I think this problem should be database independent. And since I am using ORM, this should be ORM independent as well. Update: Some of the database transactions are wrapped in ORM, some are using naked PDO, oledb ( or whatever bare minimum language provided database calls). So my solution has to take care this. Any idea?

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  • mysqldump parameter to ensure DROP VIEW IF EXISTS rather than incorrect DROP TABLE IF EXISTS

    - by doublejosh
    Wonder if there is a parameter I can pass in mmysqldump equivalent for SQL Servery mysqldump that will make the incorrect "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS" statements into "DROP VIEW IF EXISTS", so that populating a database in an automated development environment refresh will work? Clarification, I'm getting DROP TABLE IF EXISTS statements in my .sql dump file even though they aren't tables. FYI: This is a Drupal site. The tables in question are ubercart meta statistics tables.

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  • How to query AD to get name email from lan id

    - by Kumar
    I have some code in asp.net ( kindly given by someone else ) to query AD to get user name and email etc. using System.DirectoryServices; using System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory; using ActiveDs; DirectorySearcher search = new DirectorySearcher(new DirectoryEntry(), string.Format("(samaccountname={0})", id)); if (search == null) return id; if (search.FindOne() == null) return id; DirectoryEntry usr = search.FindOne().GetDirectoryEntry(); IADsUser oUsr = (IADsUser)usr.NativeObject; return string.Format("{0} {1}", usr.Properties["givenname"].Value, usr.Properties["sn"].Value); However this requires impersonation with an id that's required to be changed every 2 weeks and then updated in the web.config which is often forgotten Is there any non impersonation code to achieve the same result ? UPDATE - it's a config tool and it looks up name, email id etc. I like the service a/c idea Q - How is it possible to run ( impersonate ) just the AD code with a "service" a/c ? any samples/code ? how do you impersona

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  • How can I order by the result of a recursive SQL query

    - by Tony
    I have the following method I need to ORDER BY: def has_attachments? attachments.size > 0 || (!parent.nil? && parent.has_attachments?) end I have gotten this far: ORDER BY CASE WHEN attachments.size > 0 THEN 1 ELSE (CASE WHEN parent_id IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE (CASE message.parent ...what goes here ) END END END I may be looking at this wrong because I don't have experience with recursive SQL. Essentially I want to ORDER by whether a message or any of its parents has attachments. If it's attachment size is 0, I can stop and return a 1. If the message has an attachment size of 0, I now check to see if it has a parent. If it has no parent then there is no attachment, however if it does have a parent then I essentially have to do the same query case logic for the parent. UPDATE The table looks like this +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | message_type_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | | | | message_priority_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | | | | message_status_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | | | | message_subject_id | int(11) | NO | MUL | | | | from_user_id | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | parent_id | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | expires_at | datetime | YES | MUL | NULL | | | subject_other | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | | | body | text | YES | | NULL | | | created_at | datetime | NO | MUL | | | | updated_at | datetime | NO | | | | | lock_version | int(11) | NO | | 0 | | +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ Where the parent_id refers to the parent message, if it exists. Thanks!

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  • [WEB] Local/Dev/Live deployment - best workflow

    - by Adam Kiss
    Hello, situation We our little company with 3 people, each has a localhost webserver and most projects (previous and current) are on one PC network shared disk. We have virtual server, where some of our clients' sites and our site. Our standard workflow is: Coder PC ? Programmer localhost ? dev domain (client.company.com) ? live version (client.com) It often happens, that there are two or three guys working on same projects at the same time - one is on dev version, two are on localhost. When finished, we try to synchronize the files on dev version and ideally not to mess (thanks ILMV:]) up any files, which *knock knock * doesn't happen often. And then one of us deploys dev version on live webserver. question we are looking for a way to simplify this workflow while updating websites - ideally some sort of diff uploader or VCS probably (Git/SVN/VCS/...), but we are not completely sure where to begin or what way would be ideal, therefore I ask you, fellow stackoverflowers for your experience with website / application deployment and recommended workflow. We probably will also need to use Mac in process, so if it won't be a problem, that would be even better. Thank you

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  • Joomla - Joomfish Error Blank index.php

    - by Ivan Slaughter
    I have joomla error since installing multilanguage with joomfish. I'm using Joomla 1.5.11 and Joomfish 2.0.4. Resulting a blank page. How to trace error? since using joomla default error reporting doesn't work. still blank page with nothing. Please help, cause i can't figure out the error?

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  • Shopping Cart Database Structure

    - by Paul Atkins
    Hi, I have been studying the database structure for shopping carts and notice that when storing order details the product information is repeated and stored again in the table. I was wondering what the reasoning behind this would be? Here is a small example of what i mean: Product Table product_id name desc price 1 product 1 This is product 1 27.00 Order Table order_id customer id order_total 1 3 34.99 Order Details Table order_details_id product_id product name price qty 1 1 product 1 27.00 1 So as you can see the product name and price are stored again in the order details table. Why is this? The only reason i can think of is because the product details may change after the order has been placed which may cause confusion. Is this correct? Thanks Paul

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