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• Picking a suitable resolution for a modern low-res game?

  - by MrKatSwordfish

  I'm working on a 2D game project right now (using SFML+OpenGL and C++) and I'm trying to figure out how to go about choosing a resolution. I want my game to have a pixel resolution that is around that of classic '16bit' era consoles like the Super Nintendo or Neo Geo. However, I'd also like to have my game fit the 16:9 aspect ratio that most modern PC monitors use. Finally I'd like to be able to include an option for running full screen. I know that I could create my own low-res 16:9 resolution that is more-or-less around the size of SNES or NeoGeo games. However, the problem seems to be that doing so would leave me with a non-standard resolution that my monitor would not be able to support in fullscreen mode. For example, if i divide the common 16:9 resolution 1920x1080 by 4, I would get a 16:9 resolution that is relatively close to the resolution used by 16bit era games; 480x270. That would be fine in a windowed mode, but I don't think that it would be supported in fullscreen mode. How can I choose a resolution that suits my needs? Can I use something like 480x270? If so, how would I go about getting fullscreen mode to work with such a non-standard resolution? (I'm guessing OpenGL/SFML might have a way of up-scaling...but..)

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• Camera doesn't move

  - by hugo

  Here is my code, as my subject indicates i have implemented a camera but I couldn't make it move. #define PI_OVER_180 0.0174532925f #define GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE 0x812F #include "metinalifeyyaz.h" #include <GL/glu.h> #include <GL/glut.h> #include <QTimer> #include <cmath> #include <QKeyEvent> #include <QWidget> #include <QDebug> metinalifeyyaz::metinalifeyyaz(QWidget *parent) : QGLWidget(parent) { this->setFocusPolicy(Qt:: StrongFocus); time = QTime::currentTime(); timer = new QTimer(this); timer->setSingleShot(true); connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(updateGL())); xpos = yrot = zpos = 0; walkbias = walkbiasangle = lookupdown = 0.0f; keyUp = keyDown = keyLeft = keyRight = keyPageUp = keyPageDown = false; } void metinalifeyyaz::drawBall() { //glTranslatef(6,0,4); glutSolidSphere(0.10005,300,30); } metinalifeyyaz:: ~metinalifeyyaz(){ glDeleteTextures(1,texture); } void metinalifeyyaz::initializeGL(){ glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.5); glClearDepth(1.0f); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); glClearColor(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0); glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); GLfloat mat_specular[]={1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0}; GLfloat mat_shininess []={30.0}; GLfloat light_position[]={1.0,1.0,1.0}; glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_SHININESS,mat_shininess); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); QImage img1 = convertToGLFormat(QImage(":/new/prefix1/halisaha2.bmp")); QImage img2 = convertToGLFormat(QImage(":/new/prefix1/white.bmp")); glGenTextures(2,texture); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, img1.width(), img1.height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img1.bits()); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, img2.width(), img2.height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img2.bits()); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST); // Really nice perspective calculations } void metinalifeyyaz::resizeGL(int w, int h){ if(h==0) h=1; glViewport(0,0,w,h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<GLfloat>(w)/h,0.1f,100.0f); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); } void metinalifeyyaz::paintGL(){ movePlayer(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); GLfloat xtrans = -xpos; GLfloat ytrans = -walkbias - 0.50f; GLfloat ztrans = -zpos; GLfloat sceneroty = 360.0f - yrot; glLoadIdentity(); glRotatef(lookupdown, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glRotatef(sceneroty, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glTranslatef(xtrans, ytrans+50, ztrans-130); glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(1.0f,0.0f,-18.0f); glRotatef(45,1,0,0); drawScene(); int delay = time.msecsTo(QTime::currentTime()); if (delay == 0) delay = 1; time = QTime::currentTime(); timer->start(qMax(0,10 - delay)); } void metinalifeyyaz::movePlayer() { if (keyUp) { xpos -= sin(yrot * PI_OVER_180) * 0.5f; zpos -= cos(yrot * PI_OVER_180) * 0.5f; if (walkbiasangle >= 360.0f) walkbiasangle = 0.0f; else walkbiasangle += 7.0f; walkbias = sin(walkbiasangle * PI_OVER_180) / 10.0f; } else if (keyDown) { xpos += sin(yrot * PI_OVER_180)*0.5f; zpos += cos(yrot * PI_OVER_180)*0.5f ; if (walkbiasangle <= 7.0f) walkbiasangle = 360.0f; else walkbiasangle -= 7.0f; walkbias = sin(walkbiasangle * PI_OVER_180) / 10.0f; } if (keyLeft) yrot += 0.5f; else if (keyRight) yrot -= 0.5f; if (keyPageUp) lookupdown -= 0.5; else if (keyPageDown) lookupdown += 0.5; } void metinalifeyyaz::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event) { switch (event->key()) { case Qt::Key_Escape: close(); break; case Qt::Key_F1: setWindowState(windowState() ^ Qt::WindowFullScreen); break; default: QGLWidget::keyPressEvent(event); case Qt::Key_PageUp: keyPageUp = true; break; case Qt::Key_PageDown: keyPageDown = true; break; case Qt::Key_Left: keyLeft = true; break; case Qt::Key_Right: keyRight = true; break; case Qt::Key_Up: keyUp = true; break; case Qt::Key_Down: keyDown = true; break; } } void metinalifeyyaz::changeEvent(QEvent *event) { switch (event->type()) { case QEvent::WindowStateChange: if (windowState() == Qt::WindowFullScreen) setCursor(Qt::BlankCursor); else unsetCursor(); break; default: break; } } void metinalifeyyaz::keyReleaseEvent(QKeyEvent *event) { switch (event->key()) { case Qt::Key_PageUp: keyPageUp = false; break; case Qt::Key_PageDown: keyPageDown = false; break; case Qt::Key_Left: keyLeft = false; break; case Qt::Key_Right: keyRight = false; break; case Qt::Key_Up: keyUp = false; break; case Qt::Key_Down: keyDown = false; break; default: QGLWidget::keyReleaseEvent(event); } } void metinalifeyyaz::drawScene(){ glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // glColor3f(0,0,1); //back glVertex3f(-6,0,-4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,-4); glVertex3f(6,-0.5,-4); glVertex3f(6,0,-4); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(0.0f,0.0f,-1.0f); //front glVertex3f(6,0,4); glVertex3f(6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(-6,0,4); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(-1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // glColor3f(0,0,1); //left glVertex3f(-6,0,4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,-4); glVertex3f(-6,0,-4); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // glColor3f(0,0,1); //right glVertex3f(6,0,-4); glVertex3f(6,-0.5,-4); glVertex3f(6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(6,0,4); glEnd(); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);//top glTexCoord2f(1.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(6,0,-4); glTexCoord2f(1.0f,1.0f); glVertex3f(6,0,4); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,1.0f); glVertex3f(-6,0,4); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(-6,0,-4); glEnd(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(0.0f,-1.0f,0.0f); //glColor3f(0,0,1); //bottom glVertex3f(6,-0.5,-4); glVertex3f(6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,4); glVertex3f(-6,-0.5,-4); glEnd(); // glPushMatrix(); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glNormal3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); glTexCoord2f(1.0f,0.0f); //right far goal post front face glVertex3f(5,0.5,-0.95); glTexCoord2f(1.0f,1.0f); glVertex3f(5,0,-0.95); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,1.0f); glVertex3f(5,0,-1); glTexCoord2f(0.0f,0.0f); glVertex3f(5, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post back face glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,-0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,-1); glVertex3f(5.05, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post left face glVertex3f(5,0.5,-1); glVertex3f(5,0,-1); glVertex3f(5.05,0,-1); glVertex3f(5.05, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post right face glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,-0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(5,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(5, 0.5, -0.95); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post front face glVertex3f(5,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(5,0,0.95); glVertex3f(5,0,1); glVertex3f(5,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post back face glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post left face glVertex3f(5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(5,0,1); glVertex3f(5.05,0,1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post right face glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(5.05,0,0.95); glVertex3f(5,0,0.95); glVertex3f(5,0.5, 0.95); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar front face glVertex3f(5,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(5,0.55,1); glVertex3f(5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(5,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar back face glVertex3f(5.05,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.55,1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar bottom face glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,-1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.5,1); glVertex3f(5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(5,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar top face glVertex3f(5.05,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(5.05,0.55,1); glVertex3f(5,0.55,1); glVertex3f(5,0.55,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //left far goal post front face glVertex3f(-5,0.5,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,-1); glVertex3f(-5, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post back face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post left face glVertex3f(-5,0.5,-1); glVertex3f(-5,0,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05, 0.5, -1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right far goal post right face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,-0.95); glVertex3f(-5, 0.5, -0.95); glColor3f(1,1,1); //left near goal post front face glVertex3f(-5,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post back face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post left face glVertex3f(-5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(-5,0,1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5, 1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right near goal post right face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,0.95); glVertex3f(-5.05,0,0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0,0.95); glVertex3f(-5,0.5, 0.95); glColor3f(1,1,1); //left crossbar front face glVertex3f(-5,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(-5,0.55,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar back face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.55,1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar bottom face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.5,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.5,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.5,-1); glColor3f(1,1,1); //right crossbar top face glVertex3f(-5.05,0.55,-1); glVertex3f(-5.05,0.55,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.55,1); glVertex3f(-5,0.55,-1); glEnd(); // glPopMatrix(); // glPushMatrix(); // glTranslatef(0,0,0); // glutSolidSphere(0.10005,500,30); // glPopMatrix(); }

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• What is the purpose of bitdepth for the several components of the framebuffer in glfwWindowHint function of GLFW3?

  - by Rui d'Orey

  I would like to know what are the following "framebuffer related hints" of GLFW3 function glfwWindowHint : GLFW_RED_BITS GLFW_GREEN_BITS GLFW_BLUE_BITS GLFW_ALPHA_BITS GLFW_DEPTH_BITS GLFW_STENCIL_BITS What is the purpose of this? Usually their default values are enough? Where are those bits stored? In a buffer in the GPU? What do they affect? And by that I mean in what way Thank you in advance!

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• Any interesting thesis topic?

  - by revers

  Hi, I study Computer Science at Technical University of Lodz (in Poland) with Computer Game and Simulation Technology specialization. I'm going to defend BSc thesis next year and I was wondering what topic I could choose but nothing really interesting is coming to my mind. Maybe You could help me and suggest some subjects related to programming graphics, games or simulations? (or maybe something else that is interesting enough :) ). I would be very grateful for any suggestion!

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• [JOGL] my program is too slow, ho can i profile with Eclipse?

  - by nkint

  hi juys my simple opengl program is really toooo slow and not fluid i'm rendering 30 sphere with simple illumination and simple material. the only hard(?) computing stuffs i do is a collision detection between ray-mouse and spheres (that works ok and i do it only in mouseMoved) i have no thread only animator to move spheres how can i profile my jogl project? or mayebe (most probable..) i have some opengl instruction that i don't understand and make render particular accurate (or back face rendering that i don't need or whatever i don't know exctly i'm just entered in opengl world)

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• Implementing movement on a grid

  - by Dvole

  I have a simple snake game, where I have other NPC snakes on the field. How do I calculate the movement of those other snakes so that they did not hit walls, and each other? So far I have it like this: I check for current coordinates and when there is a wall nearby I change direction to some other one. And so on, this way the snakes never collide the walls. But not actually colliding other snakes, how do I prevent this? I figured I could probe for the direction I'm heading and if there is anything there I would change direction too, but there is a set of situation where this won't work, for example if another snake will block off all exits later.

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• QuadTree: store only points, or regions?

  - by alekop

  I am developing a quadtree to keep track of moving objects for collision detection. Each object has a bounding shape, let's say they are all circles. (It's a 2D top-down game) I am unsure whether to store only the position of each object, or the whole bounding shape. If working with points, insertion and subdivision is easy, because objects will never span multiple nodes. On the other hand, a proximity query for an object may miss collisions, because it won't take the objects' dimensions into account. How to calculate the query region when you only have points? If working with regions, how to handle an object that spans multiple nodes? Should it be inserted in the nearest parent node that completely contains it, even if this exceeds the node's capacity? Thanks.

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• Zooming in isometric engine using XNA

  - by Yheeky

  I´m currently working on an isometric game engine and right now I´m looking for help concerning my zoom function. On my tilemap there are several objects, some of them are selectable. When a house (texture size 128 x 256) is placed on the map I create an array containing all pixels (= 32768 pixels). Therefore each pixel has an alpha value I check if the value is bigger than 200 so it seems to be a pixel which belongs to the building. So if the mouse cursor is on this pixel the building will be selected - PixelCollision. Now I´ve already implemented my zooming function which works quite well. I use a scale variable which will change my calculation on drawing all map items. What I´m looking for right now is a precise way to find out if a zoomed out/in house is selected. My formula works for values like 0,5 (zoomed out) or 2 (zoomed in) but not for in between. Here is the code I use for the pixel index: var pixelIndex = (int)(((yPos / (Scale * Scale)) * width) + (xPos / Scale) + 1); Example: Let´s assume my mouse is over pixel coordinate 38/222 on the original house texture. Using the code above we get the following pixel index. var pixelIndex = ((222 / (1 * 1)) * 128) + (38 / 1) + 1; = (222 * 128) + 39 = 28416 + 39 = 28455 If we now zoom out to scale 0,5, the texture size will change to 64 x 128 and the amount of pixels will decrease from 32768 to 8192. Of course also our mouse point changes by the scale to 19/111. The formula makes it easy to calculate the original pixelIndex using our new coordinates: var pixelIndex = ((111 / (0.5 * 0.5)) * 64) + (19 / 0.5) + 1; = (444 * 64) + 39 = 28416 + 39 = 28455 But now comes the problem. If I zoom out just to scale 0.75 it does not work any more. The pixel amount changes from 32768 to 18432 pixels since texture size is 96 x 192. Mouse point is transformed to point 28/166. The formula gives me a wrong pixelIndex. var pixelIndex = ((166 / (0.75 * 0.75)) * 96) + (28 / 0.75) + 1; = (295.11 * 96) + 38.33 = 28330.66 + 38.33 = 28369 Does anyone have a clue what´s wrong in my code? Must be the first part (28330.66) which causes the calculation problem. Thanks! Yheeky

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• Switching songs - MediaPlayer lags the game

  - by Fibericon

  When the player encounters a boss in the game I'm working on, I want to have the music change. It seems simple enough with the MediaPlayer class to fade out the current song, switch to another, and then fade the new song in. However, at the point where the second song starts, the game freezes for a split second. The songs in question aren't particularly large either - the first song is 1.7mb and the second song is 3.1mb, both mp3 format. This is the code I'm using to do it: protected void switchSong(GameTime gameTime) { if (!bossSongPlaying) { MediaPlayer.Volume -= ((float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds/10); if (MediaPlayer.Volume < 0.05f) { MediaPlayer.Play(bossSong); MediaPlayer.Volume = 1.0f; bossSongPlaying = true; } } } What can I do to eliminate that momentary hang?

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• backface culling error

  - by acrilige

  I write simple software renderer. In my pipeline i have stage of backface culling. But looks like it has some error (see picture). I perform culling right after world transformation. (i can't insert picture in post coz i don't have enough points, so i just upload it (cube model): http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/705/bcerror.png/) Vector3F view_dir(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); std::vector<Triangle> to_remove; for (Triangle &t : m_triangles) { Vector4F e1 = t.v2 - t.v1; Vector4F e2 = t.v3 - t.v1; Vector3F normal( e1.y * e2.z - e1.z * e2.y, e1.z * e2.x - e1.x * e2.z, e1.x * e2.y - e1.y * e2.x ); normal.Normalize(); float dot = Dot(view_dir, normal); if (dot <= 0) to_remove.push_back(t); } for (Triangle& t : to_remove) m_triangles.erase(std::remove(m_triangles.begin(), m_triangles.end(), t), m_triangles.end()); Camera sits in origin and points in screen (RH). What is the reason?

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• Resolution Independent 2D Rendering in XNA

  - by AttackingHobo

  I am trying to figure out the best way to render a 2d game at any resolution. I am currently rendering the game at 1920x1200. I am trying scale the game to any user selected resolution without changing the way I am rendering, or game logic. What is the best way to scale a game to any arbitrary resolution? Edit: I am trying to achieve this: http://www.david-amador.com/2010/03/xna-2d-independent-resolution-rendering/ but I think the code he has is for a different version of XNA because I cannot find that method overload he uses.

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• Converting a DrawModel() using BasicEffect to one using Effect

  - by Fibericon

  Take this DrawModel() provided by MSDN: private void DrawModel(Model m) { Matrix[] transforms = new Matrix[m.Bones.Count]; float aspectRatio = graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height; m.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(transforms); Matrix projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView(MathHelper.ToRadians(45.0f), aspectRatio, 1.0f, 10000.0f); Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(new Vector3(0.0f, 50.0f, Zoom), Vector3.Zero, Vector3.Up); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in m.Meshes) { foreach (BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.World = gameWorldRotation * transforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index] * Matrix.CreateTranslation(Position); } mesh.Draw(); } } How would I apply a custom effect to a model with that? Effect doesn't have View, Projection, or World members. This is what they recommend replacing the foreach loop with: foreach (ModelMesh mesh in terrain.Meshes) { foreach (Effect effect in mesh.Effects) { mesh.Draw(); } } Of course, that doesn't really work. What else needs to be done?

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• XNA: SpriteFont question

  - by Zukki

  Hi everyone, I need some help with the SpriteFont. I want a different font for my game, other than Kootenay. So, I edit the SpriteFont xml, i.e: <FontName>Kootenay</FontName> or <FontName>Arial</FontName> No problem with Windows fonts, or other XNA redistributable fonts pack. However, I want to use other fonts, that I downloaded and installed already, they are TTF or OTF, both supported by XNA. My problem is, I cant use them, I got this error: The font family "all the fonts i tried" could not be found. Please ensure the requested font is installed, and is a TrueType or OpenType font. So, checking at the windows fonts folder, I check the properties and details of the fonts, I try all the names they have, and but never works. Maybe I need some kind of importing or installing in order to use them, I dont know, and I hope you guys can help me, thanks!

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• 2D Particle Explosion

  - by TheBroodian

  I'm developing a 2D action game, and in said game I've given my primary character an ability he can use to throw a fireball. I'm trying to design an effect so that when said fireball collides (be it with terrain or with an enemy) that the fireball will explode. For the explosion effect I've created a particle that once placed into game space will follow random, yet autonomic behavior based on random variables. Here is my question: When I generate my explosion (essentially 90 of these particles) I get one of two behaviors, 1) They are all generated with the same random variables, and don't resemble an explosion at all, more like a large mass of clumped sprites that all follow the same randomly generated path. 2) If I assign each particle a unique seed to its random number generator, they are a little bit -more- spread out, yet clumping is still visible (they seem to fork out into 3 different directions) Does anybody have any tips for producing particle-based 2D explosions? I'll include the code for my particle and the event I'm generating them in. Fire particle class: public FireParticle(xTile.Dimensions.Location StartLocation, ContentManager content) { worldLocation = StartLocation; fireParticleAnimation = new FireParticleAnimation(content); random = new Random(); int rightorleft = random.Next(0, 3); int upordown = random.Next(1, 3); int xVelocity = random.Next(0, 101); int yVelocity = random.Next(0, 101); Vector2 tempVector2 = new Vector2(0,0); if (rightorleft == 1) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(xVelocity, tempVector2.Y); } else if (rightorleft == 2) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(-xVelocity, tempVector2.Y); } if (upordown == 1) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(tempVector2.X, -yVelocity); } else if (upordown == 2) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(tempVector2.X, yVelocity); } velocity = tempVector2; scale = random.Next(1, 11); upwardForce = -10; dead = false; } public FireParticle(xTile.Dimensions.Location StartLocation, ContentManager content, int seed) { worldLocation = StartLocation; fireParticleAnimation = new FireParticleAnimation(content); random = new Random(seed); int rightorleft = random.Next(0, 3); int upordown = random.Next(1, 3); int xVelocity = random.Next(0, 101); int yVelocity = random.Next(0, 101); Vector2 tempVector2 = new Vector2(0, 0); if (rightorleft == 1) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(xVelocity, tempVector2.Y); } else if (rightorleft == 2) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(-xVelocity, tempVector2.Y); } if (upordown == 1) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(tempVector2.X, -yVelocity); } else if (upordown == 2) { tempVector2 = new Vector2(tempVector2.X, yVelocity); } velocity = tempVector2; scale = random.Next(1, 11); upwardForce = -10; dead = false; } #endregion #region Update and Draw public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { elapsed = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; fireParticleAnimation.Update(gameTime); Vector2 moveAmount = velocity * elapsed; xTile.Dimensions.Location newPosition = new xTile.Dimensions.Location(worldLocation.X + (int)moveAmount.X, worldLocation.Y + (int)moveAmount.Y); worldLocation = newPosition; velocity.Y += upwardForce; if (fireParticleAnimation.finishedPlaying) { dead = true; } } public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.Draw( fireParticleAnimation.image.Image, new Rectangle((int)drawLocation.X, (int)drawLocation.Y, scale, scale), fireParticleAnimation.image.SizeAndsource, Color.White * fireParticleAnimation.image.Alpha); } Fireball explosion event: public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (enabled) { float elapsed = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; foreach (Heart_of_Fire.World_Objects.Particles.FireParticle particle in explosionParticles.ToList()) { particle.Update(gameTime); if (particle.Dead) { explosionParticles.Remove(particle); } } collisionRectangle = new Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Rectangle((int)wrldPstn.X, (int)wrldPstn.Y, 5, 5); explosionCheck = exploded; if (!exploded) { coreGraphic.Update(gameTime); tailGraphic.Update(gameTime); Vector2 moveAmount = velocity * elapsed; moveAmount = horizontalCollision(moveAmount, layer); moveAmount = verticalCollision(moveAmount, layer); Vector2 newPosition = new Vector2(wrldPstn.X + moveAmount.X, wrldPstn.Y + moveAmount.Y); if (hasCollidedHorizontally || hasCollidedVertically) { exploded = true; } wrldPstn = newPosition; worldLocation = new xTile.Dimensions.Location((int)wrldPstn.X, (int)wrldPstn.Y); } if (explosionCheck != exploded) { for (int i = 0; i < 90; i++) { explosionParticles.Add(new World_Objects.Particles.FireParticle( new Location( collisionRectangle.X + random.Next(0, 6), collisionRectangle.Y + random.Next(0, 6)), contentMgr)); } } if (exploded && explosionParticles.Count() == 0) { //enabled = false; } } }

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• Behaviour Trees with irregular updates

  - by Robominister

  I'm interested in behaviour trees that aren't iterated every game tick, but every so often. (Edit: the tree could specify how many frames within the main game loop to wait before running its tick function again). Every theoretical implementation I have seen of behaviour trees talks of the tree search being carried out every game update - which seems necessary, because a leaf node (eg a behaviour, like 'return to base') needs to be constantly checked to see if is still running, failed or completed. Can anyone suggest how I might start implementing a tree that isnt run every tick, or point me in the direction of good material specific to this case (I am struggling to find anything)? My thoughts so far: action leaf nodes (when they start) must only push some kind of action object onto a list for an entity, rather than directly calling any code that makes the entity do something. The list of actions for the entity would be run every frame (update any that need to run, pop any that have completed from the list). the return state from a given action must be fed back into the tree, so that when we run the tree iteration again (and reach the same action leaf node - so the tree has so far determined that we ought to still be trying this action) - that the action has completed, or is still running etc. If my actual action code is running from an action list on an entity, then I possibly need to cancel previously running actions in the list - i am thinking that I can just delete the entire stack of queued up actions. I've seen the idea of ActionLists which block lower priority actions when a higher priority one is added, but this seems like very close logic to behaviour trees, and I dont want to be duplicating behaviour. This leaves me with some questions 1) How would I feed the action return state back into the tree? Its obvious I need to store some information relating to 'currently executing actions' on the entity, and check that in the tree tick, but I can't imagine how. 2) Does having a seperate behaviour tree (for deciding behaviour) and action list (for carrying out actual queued up actions) sound like a reasonable approach? 3) Is the approach of updating a behaviour tree irregularly actually used by anyone? It seems like a nice idea for budgeting ai search time when you have a lot of ai entities to process. (Edit) - I am also thinking about storing a single instance of a given behaviour tree in memory, and providing it by reference to any entity that uses it. So any information about what action was last selected for execution on an entity must be stored in a data context relative to the entity (which the tree can check). (I am probably answering my own questions as i go!) I hope I have expressed my questions adequately! Thanks in advance for any help :)

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• Calculating a child object's Position, Rotation and Scale values?

  - by Sergio Plascencia

  I am making my own game editor, but have encountered the following problem: I have two objects, A and B. A's initial values: Position: (3,3,3), Rotation: (45,10,0), Scale(1,2,2.5) B's initial values: Position: (1,1,1), Rotation: (10,34,18), Scale(1.5,2,1) If I now make B a child of A, I need to re-calculate the B's Position, Rotation and Scale relative to A such that it maintains its current position, rotation and scale in world coordinates. So B's position would now be (-2, -2, -2) since now A is its center and (-2, -2, -2) will keep B in the same position. I think I got the Position and scale figured out, but not rotation. So I opened Unity and ran the same example and I noticed that when making a child object, the child object did not move at all. but had its Position, Rotation and Scale values changed relative to the parent. For example: Unity (Parent Object "A"): Position: (0,0,0) Rotation: (45,10,0) Scale: (1,1,1) Unity (Child Object "B"): Position: (0,0,0) Rotation: (0,0,0) Scale: (1,1,1) When B becomes a child of A, it's rotation values become: X: -44.13605 Y: -14.00195 Z: 9.851074 If I plug the same rotation values into the B object in my editor, the object does not move at all. How did Unity arrive at those rotation values for the child? What are the calculations? If you can put all the equations for the Position, Rotation or Scale then I can double check I am doing it correctly but the Rotation is what I really need.

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• Moving objects colliding when using unalligned collision avoidance (steering)

  - by James Bedford

  I'm having trouble with unaligned collision avoidance for what I think is a rare case. I have set two objects to move towards each other but with a slight offset, so one of the objects is moving slightly upwards, and one of the objects is moving slightly downwards. In my unaligned collision avoidance steering algorithm I'm finding the points on the object's forward line and the other object's forward line where these two lines are the closest. If these closest points are within a collision avoidance distance, and if the distance between them is smaller than the two radii of the two object's bounding spheres, then the objects should steer away in the appropriate direction. The problem is that for my case, the closest points on the lines are calculated to be really far away from the actual collision point. This is because the two forward lines for each object are moving away from each other as the objects pass. The problem is that because of this, no steering takes place, and the two objects partially collide. Does anyone have any suggestions as to how I can correctly calculate the point of collision? Perhaps by somehow taking into account the size of the two objects?

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• Breakout ball collision detection, bouncing against the walls [solved]

  - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati

  I'm currently trying to program a breakout game to distribute it as an example game for my own game engine. http://game-engine-for-java.googlecode.com/ But the problem here is that I can't get the bouncing condition working properly. Here's what I'm using. public void collision(GObject other){ if (other instanceof Bat || other instanceof Block){ bounce(); } else if (other instanceof Stone){ other.destroy(); bounce(); } //Breakout.HIT.play(); } And here's by bounce() method public void bounce(){ boolean left = false; boolean right = false; boolean up = false; boolean down = false; if (dx < 0) { left = true; } else if (dx > 0) { right = true; } if (dy < 0) { up = true; } else if (dy > 0) { down = true; } if (left && up) { dx = -dx; } if (left && down) { dy = -dy; } if (right && up) { dx = -dx; } if (right && down) { dy = -dy; } } The ball bounces the bat and blocks but when the block is on top of the ball, it won't bounce and moves upwards out of the game. What I'm missing? Is there anything to implement? Please help me.. Thanks EDIT: Have changed the bounce method. public void bounce(GObject other){ //System.out.println("y : " + getY() + " other.y + other.height - 2 : " + (other.getY() + other.getHeight() - 2)); if (getX()+getWidth()>other.getX()+2){ setHorizontalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_RIGHT); } else if (getX()<(other.getX()+other.getWidth()-2)){ setHorizontalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_LEFT); } if (getY()+getHeight()>other.getY()+2){ setVerticalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_UP); } else if (getY()<(other.getY()+other.getHeight()-2)){ setVerticalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_DOWN); } } EDIT: Solved now. See the changed method in my answer.

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• libgdx collision detection / bounding the object

  - by johnny-b

  i am trying to get collision detection so i am drawing a red rectangle to see if it is working, and when i do the code below in the update method. to check if it is going to work. the position is not in the right place. the red rectangle starts from the middle and not at the x and y point?Huh so it draws it wrong. i also have a getter method so nothing wrong there. bullet.set(getX(), getY(), getOriginX(), getOriginY()); this is for the render shapeRenderer.begin(ShapeType.Filled); shapeRenderer.setColor(Color.RED); shapeRenderer.rect(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY(), bullet.getOriginX(), bullet.getOriginY(), 15, 5, bullet.getRotation()); shapeRenderer.end(); i have tried to do it with a circle but the circle draws in the middle and i want it to be at the tip of the bullet. at the front of the bullet. x, y point. boundingCircle.set(getX() + getOriginX(), getY() + getOriginY(), 4.0f); shapeRenderer.begin(ShapeType.Filled); shapeRenderer.setColor(Color.RED); shapeRenderer.circle(bullet.getBoundingCircle().x, bullet.getBoundingCircle().y, bullet.getBoundingCircle().radius); shapeRenderer.end(); thank you need it to be of the x and y as the bullet is in the middle of the sprite when drawn originally via paint.

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• Optimized algorithm for line-sphere intersection in GLSL

  - by fernacolo

  Well, hello then! I need to find intersection between line and sphere in GLSL. Right now my solution is based on Paul Bourke's page and was ported to GLSL this way: // The line passes through p1 and p2: vec3 p1 = (...); vec3 p2 = (...); // Sphere center is p3, radius is r: vec3 p3 = (...); float r = ...; float x1 = p1.x; float y1 = p1.y; float z1 = p1.z; float x2 = p2.x; float y2 = p2.y; float z2 = p2.z; float x3 = p3.x; float y3 = p3.y; float z3 = p3.z; float dx = x2 - x1; float dy = y2 - y1; float dz = z2 - z1; float a = dx*dx + dy*dy + dz*dz; float b = 2.0 * (dx * (x1 - x3) + dy * (y1 - y3) + dz * (z1 - z3)); float c = x3*x3 + y3*y3 + z3*z3 + x1*x1 + y1*y1 + z1*z1 - 2.0 * (x3*x1 + y3*y1 + z3*z1) - r*r; float test = b*b - 4.0*a*c; if (test >= 0.0) { // Hit (according to Treebeard, "a fine hit"). float u = (-b - sqrt(test)) / (2.0 * a); vec3 hitp = p1 + u * (p2 - p1); // Now use hitp. } It works perfectly! But it seems slow... I'm new at GLSL. You can answer this questions in two ways: Tell me there is no solution, showing some proof or strong evidence. Tell me about GLSL features (vector APIs, primitive operations) that makes the above algorithm faster, showing some example. Thanks a lot!

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• What cars on roads game engines are there?

  - by David Thielen

  What game engines are there that support laying out a map of roads and handle vehicle movement on the roads. Something similar to the basic functionality in Transport Tycoon/Locomotion. I don't care about looks (although prettier is better) and top down or isometric is fine. I just need a simple way to create maps and move cars on it. And preferably the cars do take time to speed up and slow down as they go from stopped to full speed. Prefer in Windows (any API in Windows). I also prefer a free engine as this is just for internal use. I have found CarDriving 2D - does anyone know if it works well?

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• Linear search vs Octree (Frustum cull)

  - by Dave

  I am wondering whether I should look into implementing an octree of some kind. I have a very simple game which consists of a 3d plane for the floor. There are multiple objects scattered around on the ground, each one has an aabb in world space. Currently I just do a loop through the list of all these objects and check if its bounding box intersects with the frustum, it works great but I am wondering if if it would be a good investment in an octree. I only have max 512 of these objects on the map and they all contain bounding boxes. I am not sure if an octree would make it faster since I have so little objects in the scene.

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• How to create custom bitmap .fnt font? [duplicate]

  - by Kolesnikovich Dmitry

  This question already has an answer here: Tool to create a bitmap font from a true type font 12 answers Bitmap font generator http://www.angelcode.com/products/bmfont can creates fonts in black and white only. I'm looking for more advanced tool. Share you experience on it please. Thanks in advance. (Output file format is .fnt)

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• Android: Layouts and views or a single full screen custom view?

  - by futlib

  I'm developing an Android game, and I'm making it so that it can run on low end devices without GPU, so I'm using the 2D API. I have so far tried to use Android's mechanisms such as layouts and activities where possible, but I'm beginning to wonder if it's not easier to just create a single custom view (or one per activity) and do all the work there. Here's an example of how I currently do things: I'm using a layout to display the game's background as an image view and the square game area, which is a custom view, centered in the middle. What would you say? Should I continue to use layouts where possible or is it more common/reasonable to just use a large custom view? I'm thinking that this would probably also make it easier to port my code to other platforms.

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• Interacting with scene cocos2d

  - by cjroebuck

  I'm attempting to make my first cocos2d (for iphone) multiplayer game and having difficulty understanding how to interact with a scene once it is running. The game is a simple turn-based one and so I have a GameController class which co-ordinates the rounds. I also have a GameScene class which is the actual scene that is displayed during a round of the game. The basic interaction I need is for the GameController to be able to pass messages to the GameScene class.. such as StartRound/StopRound etc. The thing that complicates this is that I am loading the GameScene with a LoadingScene class which simply initialises the scene and replaces the current scene with this one, so there is no reference from GameController to GameScene, so passing messages is quite tricky. Does anyone have any ways to get around this, ideally I would still like to use a Loading class as it smooths out the memory hit when replacing scenes.

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