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  • How to do URL authentication in struts2

    - by Enrique Malhotra
    Hi, I am using struts2.1.6 + Spring 2.5 I have four modules in my application. Registration Module Admin Module Quote Module Location Module. In registration module the customer can register himself and only after registering he is supposed to have access of the remaining three modules. I want to implement something like if the action being called belongs to the registration module it will work as normal but if the action being called belongs to the rest of those three modules it first should check if the user is logged-in and session has not timed-out. if yes it should proceed normally otherwise it should redirect to the login page. Through research I have found out that interceptors could be used for this purpose but before proceeding I thought its better to get some feedback on it from experts. Please suggest how it should be done and If possible put some code suggestions. Here is my struts.xml file(The struts.xml contains four different config files belonging to each module): <struts> <include file="struts-default.xml" /> <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /> <constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="10000000" /> <constant name="struts.multipart.saveDir" value="C:/Temporary_image_location" /> <include file="/com/action/mappingFiles/registration_config.xml" /> <include file="/com/action/mappingFiles/admin_config.xml" /> <include file="/com/action/mappingFiles/quote.xml" /> <include file="/com/action/mappingFiles/location_config.xml" /> </struts> The sample registration_config.xml file is: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="registration" extends="struts-default" namespace="/my_company"> <action name="LoginView" class="registration" method="showLoginView"> <result>....</result> <result name="input">...</result> </action> </package> </struts> The sample admin_config.xml file is: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="admin" extends="struts-default" namespace="/my_company"> <action name="viewAdmin" class="admin" method="showAdminView"> <result>....</result> <result name="input">...</result> </action> </package> </struts> Same code is there in the rest of two struts2 xml config files. I have used the same namespace in all the four config files with the different package names(As you can see)

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  • Cross Browser Issue

    - by dazedandconfused
    My background is in WinForms programming and I'm trying to branch out a bit. I'm finding cross-browser issues a frustrating barrier in general, but have a specific one that I just can't seem to work through. I want to display an image and place a semi-transparent bar across the top and bottom. This isn't my ultimate goal, of course, but it demonstrates the problem I'm having ina a relatively short code fragment so let's go with it. The sample code below displays as intended in Chrome, Safari, and Firefox. In IE8, the bar at the bottom doesn't appear at all. I've researched it for hours but just can't seem to come up with the solution. I'm sure this is some dumb rookie mistake, but gotta start somewhere. Code snippet... <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <title></title> <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> </script> <style type="text/css"> .workarea { position: relative; border: 1px solid black; background-color: #ccc; overflow: hidden; cursor: move; -moz-user-focus: normal; -moz-user-select: none; unselectable: on; } .semitransparent { filter: alpha(opacity=70); -moz-opacity: 0.7; -khtml-opacity: 0.7; opacity: 0.7; background-color: Gray; } </style> </head> <body style="width: 800px; height: 600px;"> <div id="workArea" class="workarea" style="width: 800px; height: 350px; left: 100px; top: 50px; background-color: White; border: 1px solid black;"> <img alt="" src="images/TestImage.jpg" style="left: 0px; top: 0px; border: none; z-index: 1;" /> <div id="topBar" class="semitransparent" style="position: absolute;width: 800px; height: 75px; left: 0px; top: 0px; min-height: 75px; border: none; z-index: 2;" /> <div id="bottomBar" class="semitransparent" style="position: absolute; width: 800px; height: 75px; left: 0px; top: 275px; min-height: 75px; border: none; z-index: 2;" /> </div> </body> </html>

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  • Incremental PCA

    - by smichak
    Hi, Lately, I've been looking into an implementation of an incremental PCA algorithm in python - I couldn't find something that would meet my needs so I did some reading and implemented an algorithm I found in some paper. Here is the module's code - the relevant paper on which it is based is mentioned in the module's documentation. I would appreciate any feedback from people who are interested in this. Micha #!/usr/bin/env python """ Incremental PCA calculation module. Based on P.Hall, D. Marshall and R. Martin "Incremental Eigenalysis for Classification" which appeared in British Machine Vision Conference, volume 1, pages 286-295, September 1998. Principal components are updated sequentially as new observations are introduced. Each new observation (x) is projected on the eigenspace spanned by the current principal components (U) and the residual vector (r = x - U(U.T*x)) is used as a new principal component (U' = [U r]). The new principal components are then rotated by a rotation matrix (R) whose columns are the eigenvectors of the transformed covariance matrix (D=U'.T*C*U) to yield p + 1 principal components. From those, only the first p are selected. """ __author__ = "Micha Kalfon" import numpy as np _ZERO_THRESHOLD = 1e-9 # Everything below this is zero class IPCA(object): """Incremental PCA calculation object. General Parameters: m - Number of variables per observation n - Number of observations p - Dimension to which the data should be reduced """ def __init__(self, m, p): """Creates an incremental PCA object for m-dimensional observations in order to reduce them to a p-dimensional subspace. @param m: Number of variables per observation. @param p: Number of principle components. @return: An IPCA object. """ self._m = float(m) self._n = 0.0 self._p = float(p) self._mean = np.matrix(np.zeros((m , 1), dtype=np.float64)) self._covariance = np.matrix(np.zeros((m, m), dtype=np.float64)) self._eigenvectors = np.matrix(np.zeros((m, p), dtype=np.float64)) self._eigenvalues = np.matrix(np.zeros((1, p), dtype=np.float64)) def update(self, x): """Updates with a new observation vector x. @param x: Next observation as a column vector (m x 1). """ m = self._m n = self._n p = self._p mean = self._mean C = self._covariance U = self._eigenvectors E = self._eigenvalues if type(x) is not np.matrix or x.shape != (m, 1): raise TypeError('Input is not a matrix (%d, 1)' % int(m)) # Update covariance matrix and mean vector and centralize input around # new mean oldmean = mean mean = (n*mean + x) / (n + 1.0) C = (n*C + x*x.T + n*oldmean*oldmean.T - (n+1)*mean*mean.T) / (n + 1.0) x -= mean # Project new input on current p-dimensional subspace and calculate # the normalized residual vector g = U.T*x r = x - (U*g) r = (r / np.linalg.norm(r)) if not _is_zero(r) else np.zeros_like(r) # Extend the transformation matrix with the residual vector and find # the rotation matrix by solving the eigenproblem DR=RE U = np.concatenate((U, r), 1) D = U.T*C*U (E, R) = np.linalg.eigh(D) # Sort eigenvalues and eigenvectors from largest to smallest to get the # rotation matrix R sorter = list(reversed(E.argsort(0))) E = E[sorter] R = R[:,sorter] # Apply the rotation matrix U = U*R # Select only p largest eigenvectors and values and update state self._n += 1.0 self._mean = mean self._covariance = C self._eigenvectors = U[:, 0:p] self._eigenvalues = E[0:p] @property def components(self): """Returns a matrix with the current principal components as columns. """ return self._eigenvectors @property def variances(self): """Returns a list with the appropriate variance along each principal component. """ return self._eigenvalues def _is_zero(x): """Return a boolean indicating whether the given vector is a zero vector up to a threshold. """ return np.fabs(x).min() < _ZERO_THRESHOLD if __name__ == '__main__': import sys def pca_svd(X): X = X - X.mean(0).repeat(X.shape[0], 0) [_, _, V] = np.linalg.svd(X) return V N = 1000 obs = np.matrix([np.random.normal(size=10) for _ in xrange(N)]) V = pca_svd(obs) print V[0:2] pca = IPCA(obs.shape[1], 2) for i in xrange(obs.shape[0]): x = obs[i,:].transpose() pca.update(x) U = pca.components print U

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  • CSG operations on implicit surfaces with marching cubes

    - by Mads Elvheim
    I render isosurfaces with marching cubes, (or perhaps marching squares as this is 2D) and I want to do set operations like set difference, intersection and union. I thought this was easy to implement, by simply choosing between two vertex scalars from two different implicit surfaces, but it is not. For my initial testing, I tried with two spheres, and the set operation difference. i.e A - B. One sphere is moving and the other one is stationary. Here's the approach I tried when picking vertex scalars and when classifying corner vertices as inside or outside. The code is written in C++. OpenGL is used for rendering, but that's not important. Normal rendering without any CSG operations does give the expected result. void march(const vec2& cmin, //min x and y for the grid cell const vec2& cmax, //max x and y for the grid cell std::vector<vec2>& tri, float iso, float (*cmp1)(const vec2&), //distance from stationary sphere float (*cmp2)(const vec2&) //distance from moving sphere ) { unsigned int squareindex = 0; float scalar[4]; vec2 verts[8]; /* initial setup of the grid cell */ verts[0] = vec2(cmax.x, cmax.y); verts[2] = vec2(cmin.x, cmax.y); verts[4] = vec2(cmin.x, cmin.y); verts[6] = vec2(cmax.x, cmin.y); float s1,s2; /********************************** ********For-loop of interest****** *******Set difference between **** *******two implicit surfaces****** **********************************/ for(int i=0,j=0; i<4; ++i, j+=2){ s1 = cmp1(verts[j]); s2 = cmp2(verts[j]); if((s1 < iso)){ //if inside sphere1 if((s2 < iso)){ //if inside sphere2 scalar[i] = s2; //then set the scalar to the moving sphere } else { scalar[i] = s1; //only inside sphere1 squareindex |= (1<<i); //mark as inside } } else { scalar[i] = s1; //inside neither sphere } } if(squareindex == 0) return; /* Usual interpolation between edge points to compute the new intersection points */ verts[1] = mix(iso, verts[0], verts[2], scalar[0], scalar[1]); verts[3] = mix(iso, verts[2], verts[4], scalar[1], scalar[2]); verts[5] = mix(iso, verts[4], verts[6], scalar[2], scalar[3]); verts[7] = mix(iso, verts[6], verts[0], scalar[3], scalar[0]); for(int i=0; i<10; ++i){ //10 = maxmimum 3 triangles, + one end token int index = triTable[squareindex][i]; //look up our indices for triangulation if(index == -1) break; tri.push_back(verts[index]); } } This gives me weird jaggies: It looks like the CSG operation is done without interpolation. It just "discards" the whole triangle. Do I need to interpolate in some other way, or combine the vertex scalar values? I'd love some help with this. A full testcase can be downloaded HERE

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  • Representing game states in Tic Tac Toe

    - by dacman
    The goal of the assignment that I'm currently working on for my Data Structures class is to create a of Quantum Tic Tac Toe with an AI that plays to win. Currently, I'm having a bit of trouble finding the most efficient way to represent states. Overview of current Structure: AbstractGame Has and manages AbstractPlayers (game.nextPlayer() returns next player by int ID) Has and intializes AbstractBoard at the beginning of the game Has a GameTree (Complete if called in initialization, incomplete otherwise) AbstractBoard Has a State, a Dimension, and a Parent Game Is a mediator between Player and State, (Translates States from collections of rows to a Point representation Is a StateConsumer AbstractPlayer Is a State Producer Has a ConcreteEvaluationStrategy to evaluate the current board StateTransveralPool Precomputes possible transversals of "3-states". Stores them in a HashMap, where the Set contains nextStates for a given "3-state" State Contains 3 Sets -- a Set of X-Moves, O-Moves, and the Board Each Integer in the set is a Row. These Integer values can be used to get the next row-state from the StateTransversalPool SO, the principle is Each row can be represented by the binary numbers 000-111, where 0 implies an open space and 1 implies a closed space. So, for an incomplete TTT board: From the Set<Integer> board perspective: X_X R1 might be: 101 OO_ R2 might be: 110 X_X R3 might be: 101, where 1 is an open space, and 0 is a closed space From the Set<Integer> xMoves perspective: X_X R1 might be: 101 OO_ R2 might be: 000 X_X R3 might be: 101, where 1 is an X and 0 is not From the Set<Integer> oMoves perspective: X_X R1 might be: 000 OO_ R2 might be: 110 X_X R3 might be: 000, where 1 is an O and 0 is not Then we see that x{R1,R2,R3} & o{R1,R2,R3} = board{R1,R2,R3} The problem is quickly generating next states for the GameTree. If I have player Max (x) with board{R1,R2,R3}, then getting the next row-states for R1, R2, and R3 is simple.. Set<Integer> R1nextStates = StateTransversalPool.get(R1); The problem is that I have to combine each one of those states with R1 and R2. Is there a better data structure besides Set that I could use? Is there a more efficient approach in general? I've also found Point<-State mediation cumbersome. Is there another approach that I could try there? Thanks! Here is the code for my ConcretePlayer class. It might help explain how players produce new states via moves, using the StateProducer (which might need to become StateFactory or StateBuilder). public class ConcretePlayerGeneric extends AbstractPlayer { @Override public BinaryState makeMove() { // Given a move and the current state, produce a new state Point playerMove = super.strategy.evaluate(this); BinaryState currentState = super.getInGame().getBoard().getState(); return StateProducer.getState(this, playerMove, currentState); } } EDIT: I'm starting with normal TTT and moving to Quantum TTT. Given the framework, it should be as simple as creating several new Concrete classes and tweaking some things.

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  • Extjs4: editable rowbody

    - by peter
    in my first ExtJs4 project i use a editable grid with the feature rowbody to have a big textfield displayed under each row. I want it to be editable on a dblclick. I succeeded in doing so by replacing the innerHTML of the rowbody by a textarea but the special keys don't do what they are supposed to do (move the cursor). If a use the textarea in a normal field i don't have this probem. Same problem in IE7 and FF4 gridInfo = Ext.create('Ext.ux.LiveSearchGridPanel', { id: 'gridInfo', height: '100%', width: '100%', store: storeInfo, columnLines: true, selType: 'cellmodel', columns: [ {text: "Titel", flex: 1, dataIndex: 'titel', field:{xtype:'textfield'}}, {text: "Tags", id: "tags", flex: 1, dataIndex: 'tags', field:{xtype:'textfield'}}, {text: "Hits", dataIndex: 'hits'}, {text: "Last Updated", renderer: Ext.util.Format.dateRenderer('d/m/Y'), dataIndex: 'lastChange'} ], plugins: [ Ext.create('Ext.grid.plugin.CellEditing', { clicksToEdit: 1 }) ], features: [ { ftype: 'rowbody', getAdditionalData: function(data, idx, record, orig) { var headerCt = this.view.headerCt, colspan = headerCt.getColumnCount(); return { rowBody: data.desc, //the big textfieldvalue, can't use a textarea here 8< rowBodyCls: this.rowBodyCls, rowBodyColspan: colspan }; } }, {ftype: 'rowwrap'} ] }); me.on('rowbodydblclick', function(gridView, el, event, o) { ... rb = td.down('.x-grid-rowbody').dom; var value = rb.innerText?rb.innerText:rb.textContent; rb.innerHTML = ''; Ext.create('Ext.form.field.TextArea', { id: 'textarea1', value : value, renderTo: rb, border: false, enterIsSpecial: true, enableKeyEvents: true, disableKeyFilter: true, listeners: { 'blur': function(el, o) { rb.innerHTML = el.value; }, 'specialkey': function(field, e){ console.log(e.keyCode); //captured but nothing happens } } }).show(); damn, can't publish my own solution, looks like somebody else has to answer, anyway, here is the function that works function editDesc(me, gridView, el, event, o) { var width = Ext.fly(el).up('table').getWidth(); var rb = event.target; var value = rb.innerText?rb.innerText:rb.textContent; rb.innerHTML = '' var txt = Ext.create('Ext.form.field.TextArea', { value : value, renderTo: rb, border: false, width: width, height: 300, enterIsSpecial: true, disableKeyFilter: true, listeners: { 'blur': function(el, o) { var value = el.value.replace('\n','<br>') rb.innerHTML = value; }, 'specialkey': function(field, e){ e.stopPropagation(); } } }); var txtTextarea = Ext.fly(rb).down('textarea'); txtTextarea.dom.style.color = 'blue'; txtTextarea.dom.style.fontSize = '11px'; } Hi Molecule Man, as an alternative to the approach above i tried the Ext.Editor. It works but i want it inline but when i render it to the rowbody, the field blanks and i have no editor, any ideas ? gridInfo = Ext.create('Ext.grid.Panel', { id: 'gridInfo', height: '100%', width: '100%', store: storeInfo, columnLines: true, selType: 'cellmodel', viewConfig: {stripeRows: false, trackOver: true}, columns: [ {text: "Titel", flex: 1, dataIndex: 'titel', field:{xtype:'textfield'}}, ... {text: "Last Updated", renderer: Ext.util.Format.dateRenderer('d/m/Y'), dataIndex: 'lastChange'} ], plugins: [ Ext.create('Ext.grid.plugin.CellEditing', { clicksToEdit: 1 }) ], features: [ { ftype: 'rowbody', getAdditionalData: function(data, idx, record, orig) { var headerCt = this.view.headerCt, colspan = headerCt.getColumnCount(); return { rowBody: data.desc, rowBodyCls: this.rowBodyCls, rowBodyColspan: colspan }; } } ], listeners:{ rowbodyclick: function(gridView, el, event) { //werkt editDesc(this, gridView, el, event); } } }); function editDesc(me, gridView, el, event, o) { var rb = event.target; me.txt = new Ext.Editor({ field: {xtype: 'textarea'}, updateEl: true, cancelOnEsc: true, floating: true, renderTo: rb //when i do this, the field becomes empty and i don't get the editor }); me.txt.startEdit(el); }

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  • reuse div container to load images

    - by user295927
    Hi All; What I would like to do: use a single container to load images. As it is now: I have eleven (11) containers in HTML mark-up each with its own div. each container holds 4 images (2 images side by side top and bottom) when link in anchor tag is clicked div with images fades in. /*-- Jquery accordion is used for navigation typical example is below --*/ <li> <a class="head" href="#">commercial/hospitality</a> <ul> <li><a href="#" projectName="project1" projectType="hospitality1" image1="images/testImage1.jpg" image2="images/testImage2.jpg" image3="images/testImage3.jpg" image4="images/testImage4.jpg">hospitality project number 1</a> </li> <li><a href="#" projectName="project2" projectType="hospitality2" image1="images/testImage1.jpg" image2="images/testImage2.jpg" image3="images/testImage3.jpg" image4="images/testImage4.jpg">hospitality project number 2</a> </li> <li><a href="#" projectName="project3" projectType="hospitality3" image1="images/testImage1.jpg" image2="images/testImage2.jpg" image3="images/testImage3.jpg" image4="images/testImage4.jpg">hospitality project number 3</a> </li> </ul> </li> Typical <div> container used for image insertion currently there are 11 of them: <div id="hospitality1" class="current"> <div id="image1"><img src="images/testImage.jpg"/></div> <div id="image2"><img src="images/testImage.jpg"/></div> <div id="image3"><img src="images/testImage.jpg"/></div> <div id="image4"><img src="images/testImage.jpg"/></div> </div> Here is the code I am using at this point, it does work, but is there a better way to do this that will only re-use a single div container for loading the images? $(document).ready(function(){ $('#navigation a').click(function (selected) { var projectType = $(this).attr("projectType"); //projectType var projectName = $(this).attr("projectName"); //projectName var image1 = $(this).attr("image1"); //anchor tag for image number 1 var image2 = $(this).attr("image2"); //anchor tag for image number 2 var image3 = $(this).attr("image3"); //anchor tag for image number 3 var image4 = $(this).attr("image4"); //anchor tag for image number 4 console.log(projectType); //returns type of project console.log(projectName); //returns name of project console.log(image1); //returns 1st image console.log(image2); //returns 2nd image console.log(image3); //returns 3rd image console.log(image4); //returns 4th image $(function() { $(".current").hide(); // hides previous selected image $("#" + projectType ).fadeIn("normal").addClass("current"); }); }); As you can, see the mark up getting quite large. Any help is appreciated. ussteele

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  • Two UIViews, one UIViewController (in one UINavigationController)

    - by jdandrea
    Given an iPhone app with a UITableViewController pushed onto a UINavigationController, I would like to add a right bar button item to toggle between the table view and an "alternate" view of the same data. Let's also say that this other view uses the same data but is not a UITableView. Now, I know variations on this question already exist on Stack Overflow. However, in this case, that alternate view would not be pushed onto the UINavigationController. It would be visually akin to flipping the current UIViewController's table view over and revealing the other view, then being able to flip back. In other words, it's intended to take up a single spot in the UINavigationController hierarchy. Moreover, whatever selection you ultimately make from within either view will push a common UIViewController onto the UINavigationController stack. Still more info: We don't want to use a separate UINavigationController just to handle this pair of views, and we don't want to split these apart via a UITabBarController either. Visually and contextually, the UX is meant to show two sides of the same coin. It's just that those two sides happen to involve their own View Controllers in normal practice. Now … it turns out I have already gone and quickly set this up to see how it might work! However, upon stepping back to examine it, I get the distinct impression that I went about it in a rather non-MVC way, which of course concerns me a bit. Here's what I did at a high level. Right now, I have a UIViewController (not a UITableViewController) that handles all commonalities between the two views, such as fetching the raw data. I also have two NIBs, one for each view, and two UIView objects to go along with them. (One of them is a UITableView, which is a kind of UIView.) I switch between the views using animation (easy enough). Also, in an effort to keep things encapsulated, the now-split-apart UITableView (not the UIViewController!) acts as its own delegate and data source, fetching data from the VC. The VC is set up as a weak, non-retained object in the table view. In parallel, the alternate view gets at the raw data from the VC in the exact same way. So, there are a few things that smell funny here. The weak linking from child to parent, while polite, seems like it might be wrong. Making a UITableView the table's data source and delegate also seems odd to me, thinking that a view controller is where you want to put that per Apple's MVC diagrams. As it stands now, it would appear as if the view knows about the model, which isn't good. Loading up both views in advance also seems odd, because lazy loading is no longer in effect. Losing the benefits of a UITableViewController (like auto-scrolling to cells with text fields) is also a bit frustrating, and I'd rather not reinvent the wheel to work around that as well. Given all of the above, and given we want that "flip effect" in the context of a single spot on a single UINavigationController, and given that both views are two sides of the same coin, is there a better, more obvious way to design this that I'm just happening to miss completely? Clues appreciated!

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  • How to show form in front in C#

    - by corlettk
    Folks, Please does anyone know how to show a Form from an otherwise invisible application, and have it get the focus (i.e. appear on top of other windows)? I'm working in C# .NET 3.5. I suspect I've taken "completely the wrong approach"... I do not Application.Run(new TheForm ()) instead I (new TheForm()).ShowModal()... The Form is basically a modal dialogue, with a few check-boxes; a text-box, and OK and Cancel Buttons. The user ticks a checkbox and types in a description (or whatever) then presses OK, the form disappears and the process reads the user-input from the Form, Disposes it, and continues processing. This works, except when the form is show it doesn't get the focus, instead it appears behind the "host" application, until you click on it in the taskbar (or whatever). This is a most annoying behaviour, which I predict will cause many "support calls", and the existing VB6 version doesn't have this problem, so I'm going backwards in usability... and users won't accept that (and nor should they). So... I'm starting to think I need to rethink the whole shebang... I should show the form up front, as a "normal application" and attach the remainer of the processing to the OK-button-click event. It should work, But that will take time which I don't have (I'm already over time/budget)... so first I really need to try to make the current approach work... even by quick-and-dirty methods. So please does anyone know how to "force" a .NET 3.5 Form (by fair means or fowl) to get the focus? I'm thinking "magic" windows API calls (I know Twilight Zone: This only appears to be an issue at work, we're I'm using Visual Studio 2008 on Windows XP SP3... I've just failed to reproduce the problem with an SSCCE (see below) at home on Visual C# 2008 on Vista Ulimate... This works fine. Huh? WTF? Also, I'd swear that at work yesterday showed the form when I ran the EXE, but not when F5'ed (or Ctrl-F5'ed) straight from the IDE (which I just put up with)... At home the form shows fine either way. Totaly confusterpating! It may or may not be relevant, but Visual Studio crashed-and-burned this morning when the project was running in debug mode and editing the code "on the fly"... it got stuck what I presumed was an endless loop of error messages. The error message was something about "can't debug this project because it is not the current project, or something... So I just killed it off with process explorer. It started up again fine, and even offered to recover the "lost" file, an offer which I accepted. using System; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace ShowFormOnTop { static class Program { [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); //Application.Run(new Form1()); Form1 frm = new Form1(); frm.ShowDialog(); } } } Background: I'm porting an existing VB6 implementation to .NET... It's a "plugin" for a "client" GIS application called MapInfo. The existing client "worked invisibly" and my instructions are "to keep the new version as close as possible to the old version", which works well enough (after years of patching); it's just written in an unsupported language, so we need to port it. About me: I'm pretty much a noob to C# and .NET generally, though I've got a bottoms wiping certificate, I have been a professional programmer for 10 years; So I sort of "know some stuff". Any insights would be most welcome... and Thank you all for taking the time to read this far. Consiseness isn't (apparently) my forte. Cheers. Keith.

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  • RegEx to ignore / skip everything in html tags

    - by Scott Sumpter
    Looking for a way to combine two Regular Expressions. One to catch the urls and the other to ensure is skips text within html tags. See sample text below functions. Need to pass a block of news text and format text by wrapping urls and email addresses in html tags so users don't have to. The below code works great until there are already html tags within the text. In that case it doubles the html tags. There are plenty of examples to strip html, but I want to just ignore it since the url is already linkified. Also - if there is an easier was to accomplish this, with or without Regex, please let me know. none of my attempts to combine Regexs have worked. coding in ASP.NET VB but will take any workable example/direction. Thanks! ===== Functions ============= Public Shared Function InsertHyperlinks(ByVal inText As String) As String Dim strBuf As String Dim objMatches As Object Dim iStart, iEnd As Integer strBuf = "" iStart = 1 iEnd = 1 Dim strRegUrlEmail As String = "\b(www|http|\S+@)\S+\b" 'RegEx to find urls and email addresses Dim objRegExp As New Regex(strRegUrlEmail, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase) 'Match URLs and emails Dim MatchList As MatchCollection = objRegExp.Matches(inText) If MatchList.Count <> 0 Then objMatches = objRegExp.Matches(inText) For Each Match In MatchList iEnd = Match.Index strBuf = strBuf & Mid(inText, iStart, iEnd - iStart + 1) If InStr(1, Match.Value, "@") Then strBuf = strBuf & HrefGet(Match.Value, "EMAIL", "_BLANK") Else strBuf = strBuf & HrefGet(Match.Value, "WEB", "_BLANK") End If iStart = iEnd + Match.Length + 1 Next strBuf = strBuf & Mid(inText, iStart) InsertHyperlinks = strBuf Else 'No hyperlinks to replace InsertHyperlinks = inText End If End Function Shared Function HrefGet(ByVal url As String, ByVal urlType As String, ByVal Target As String) As String Dim strBuf As String strBuf = "<a href=""" If UCase(urlType) = "WEB" Then If LCase(Left(url, 3)) = "www" Then strBuf = "<a href=""http://" & url & """ Target=""" & _ Target & """>" & url & "</a>" Else strBuf = "<a href=""" & url & """ Target=""" & _ Target & """>" & url & "</a>" End If ElseIf UCase(urlType) = "EMAIL" Then strBuf = "<a href=""mailto:" & url & """ Target=""" & _ Target & """>" & url & "</a>" End If HrefGet = strBuf End Function ===== Sample Text ============= This would be the inText parameter. Midway through the ride, we see a Skip this too. But sometimes we go here [insert normal www dot link dot com]. If you'd like to join us contact Bill Smith at [email protected]. Thanks! sorry stack overflow won't allow multiple hyperlinks to be added. ===== End Sample Text =============

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  • (PHP) User is being forced to RE-LOGIN after trying to do something on an admin page

    - by hatorade
    I have created an admin panel for a client in PHP, which requires a login. Here is the code at the top of the admin page requiring the user to be logged in: admin.php <?php session_start(); require("_lib/session_functions.php"); require("_lib/db.php"); db_connect(); //if the user has not logged in if(!isLoggedIn()) { header('Location: login_form.php'); die(); } ?> Obviously, the if statement is what catches them and forces them to log in. Here is the code on the resulting login page: login_form.php <form name="login" action="login.php" method="post"> Username: <input type="text" name="username" /> Password: <input type="password" name="password" /> <input type="submit" value="Login" /> </form> Which posts info to this controller page: login.php <?php session_start(); //must call session_start before using any $_SESSION variables include '_lib/session_functions.php'; $username = $_POST['username']; $password = $_POST['password']; include '_lib/db.php'; db_connect(); // Connect to the DB $username = mysql_real_escape_string($username); $query = "SELECT password, salt FROM users WHERE username = '$username';"; $result = mysql_query($query); if(mysql_num_rows($result) < 1) //no such user exists { header('Location: login_form.php?login=fail'); die(); } $userData = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC); db_disconnect(); $hash = hash('sha256', $password . $userData['salt']); if($hash != $userData['password']) //incorrect password { header('Location: login_form.php?login=fail'); die(); } else { validateUser(); //sets the session data for this user } header('Location: admin.php'); ?> and the session functions page that provides login functions contains this: session_functions.php <?php function validateUser() { session_regenerate_id (); //this is a security measure $_SESSION['valid'] = 1; $_SESSION['userid'] = $username; } function isLoggedIn() { if($_SESSION['valid']) return true; return false; } function logout() { $_SESSION = array(); //destroy all of the session variables if (ini_get("session.use_cookies")) { $params = session_get_cookie_params(); setcookie(session_name(), '', time() - 42000, $params["path"], $params["domain"], $params["secure"], $params["httponly"] ); } session_destroy(); } ?> I grabbed the sessions_functions.php code of an online tutorial, so it could be suspicious. Any ideas why the user logs in to the admin panel, tries to do something, is forced to re-login, and THEN is allowed to do stuff like normal in the admin panel?

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  • Binary data from a serial port in linux using c

    - by user1680393
    I am reading binary data from a serial port on Phidget sbc using Linux to get a command from an application running on a PC. I wrote a test program in VB to read the data into a byte array and convert it to decimal to use it but can’t figure out how to do it in c. I am unable to come up with anything with the research I have done on the internet. Command sent from PC is 0x0F. To check if I am getting correct data I read the data and send it back. Here is what I get back. Returned data has a carriage return added to it. Hex Display 0F00 0000 0D ‘\’ Display \0F\00\00\00\r Normal display just display a strange character. This tells me that the data is there that I can use, but can’t figure out to extract the value 0F or 15. How can I convert the incoming data to use it? I tried converting the received data using strtol, but it returns 0. I also tried setting the port to raw but it did not make any difference. unsigned char buffer1[1]; int ReadPort1() { int result; result = read(file1, &buffer1,1); if(result > 0) { WritePort1(buffer1); sprintf(tempstr, "Port1 data %s %d", buffer1, result); DisplayText(2,tempstr); } return result; } Port Open/Setup void OpenPort1() { //file1 = open("/dev/ttyUSB1", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NONBLOCK); file1 = open("/dev/ttyUSB1", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NODELAY); if(file1 < 0) printf("Error opening serial port1.\n"); else { SetPort(file1, 115200, 8, 1, 0, 1); port1open = 1; } } void SetPort(int fd, int Baud_Rate, int Data_Bits, int Stop_Bits, int Parity, int raw) { long BAUD; // derived baud rate from command line long DATABITS; long STOPBITS; long PARITYON; long PARITY; struct termios newtio; switch (Baud_Rate) { case 115200: BAUD = B115200; break; case 38400: BAUD = B38400; break; case 19200: BAUD = B19200; break; case 9600: BAUD = B9600; break; } //end of switch baud_rate switch (Data_Bits) { case 8: default: DATABITS = CS8; break; case 7: DATABITS = CS7; break; case 6: DATABITS = CS6; break; case 5: DATABITS = CS5; break; } //end of switch data_bits switch (Stop_Bits) { case 1: default: STOPBITS = 0; break; case 2: STOPBITS = CSTOPB; break; } //end of switch stop bits switch (Parity) { case 0: default: //none PARITYON = 0; PARITY = 0; break; case 1: //odd PARITYON = PARENB; PARITY = PARODD; break; case 2: //even PARITYON = PARENB; PARITY = 0; break; } //end of switch parity newtio.c_cflag = BAUD | DATABITS | STOPBITS | PARITYON | PARITY | CLOCAL | CREAD; newtio.c_iflag = IGNPAR; if(raw == 1) { newtio.c_oflag &= ~OPOST; newtio.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG); } else { newtio.c_lflag = 0; //ICANON; newtio.c_oflag = 0; } newtio.c_cc[VMIN]=1; newtio.c_cc[VTIME]=0; tcflush(fd, TCIFLUSH); tcsetattr(fd,TCSANOW,&newtio); }

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  • Ruby on Rails is complaining about a method that doesn't exist that is built into Active Record. Wha

    - by grg-n-sox
    This will probably just be a simple problem and I am just blind or an idiot but I could use some help. So I am going over some basic guides in Rails, reviewing the basics and such for an upcoming exam. One of the guides included was the sort-of-standard getting started guide over at guide.rubyonrails.org. Here is the link if you need it. Also all my code is for my app is from there, so I have no problem releasing any of my code since it should be the same as shown there. I didn't do a copy paste, but I basically was typing with Vim in one half of my screen and the web page in the other half, typing what I see. http://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html So like I said, I am going along the guide when I noticed past a certain point in the tutorial, I was always getting an error on the site. To find the section of code, just hit Ctrl+f on the page (or whatever you have search/find set to) and enter "accepts_". This should immediately direct you to this chunk of code. class Post < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :name, :title validates_length_of :title, :minimum => 5 has_many :comments has_many :tags accepts_nested_attributes_for :tags, :allow_destroy => :true , :reject_if => proc { |attrs| attrs.all? { |k, v| v.blank? } } end So I tried putting this in my code. It is in ~/Rails/blog/app/models/post.rb in case you are wondering. However, even after all the other code I put in past that in the guide, hoping I was just missing some line of code that would come up later in the guide. But nothing, same error every time. This is what I get. NoMethodError in PostsController#index undefined method `accepts_nested_attributes_for' for #<Class:0xb7109f98> /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.2.2/lib/active_record/base.rb:1833:in `method_missing' app/models/post.rb:7 app/controllers/posts_controller.rb:9:in `index' Request Parameters: None Response Headers: {"Content-Type"=>"", "cookie"=>[], "Cache-Control"=>"no-cache"} Now, I copied the above code from the guide. The two code sections I edited mentioned in the error message I will paste as is below. class PostsController < ApplicationController # GET /posts # GET /posts.xml before_filter :find_post, :only => [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] def index @posts = Post.find(:all) # <= the line 9 referred to in error message respond_to do |format| format.html # index.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @posts } end end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :name, :title validates_length_of :title, :minimum => 5 has_many :comments has_many :tags accepts_nested_attributes_for :tags, :allow_destroy => :true , # <= problem :reject_if => proc { |attrs| attrs.all? { |k, v| v.blank? } } end Also here is gem local gem list. I do note that they are a bit out of date, but the default Rails install any of the school machines (an environment likely for my exam) is basically 'gem install rails --version 2.2.2' and since they are windows machines, they come with all the normal windows ruby gems that comes with the ruby installer. However, I am running this off a Debian virtual machine of mine, but trying to set it up similarly and I figured the windows ruby gems wouldn't change anything in Rails. *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.2.2) actionpack (2.2.2) activerecord (2.2.2) activeresource (2.2.2) activesupport (2.2.2) gem_plugin (0.2.3) hpricot (0.8.2) linecache (0.43) log4r (1.1.7) ptools (1.1.9) rack (1.1.0) rails (2.2.2) rake (0.8.7) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.3) So any ideas on what the problem is? Thanks in advanced.

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  • Play Video File in Asp. Net 3.5 in IIS

    - by Sneha Joshi
    I have developed an application to upload a video on the server and then play it. It runs well when i execute it in Visual Studio 2008 in-built web server.. But when I configure it on IIS, the video does not play... Is there any settings needed in IIS to play video ?? The code of Button Click event - **protected void btnPlayVideo_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { string himaSagarURL = this.lnkbtnVideo.Text; bool isFullSize = false; this.Literal1.Text = this.Play_Video(himaSagarURL, isFullSize); } catch (Exception ex) { this.Response.Write(ex.ToString()); } } This button click event calls the Play_Video method which is given below.. The code I used for embedding - private string Play_Video(string sagarURL, bool isFullSize) { string himaSagarObject = ""; sagarURL = sagarURL + ""; sagarURL = sagarURL.Trim(); if (sagarURL.Length > 0) { //Continue. } else { throw new System.ArgumentNullException("sagarURL"); } string himaSagarWidthAndHeight = ""; if (isFullSize) { himaSagarWidthAndHeight = ""; } else { himaSagarWidthAndHeight = "width='640' height='480'"; } himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<object classid='CLSID:22D6F312-B0F6-11D0-94AB-0080C74C7E95' id='player' " + himaSagarWidthAndHeight + " standby='Please wait while the object is loaded...'>"; himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='url' value='" + sagarURL + "' />"; himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='src' value='" + sagarURL + "' />"; himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='AutoStart' value='true' />"; himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='Balance' value='0' />"; //-100 is fully left, 100 is fully right. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='CurrentPosition' value='0' />"; //Position in seconds when starting. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='showcontrols' value='true' />"; //Show play/stop/pause controls. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='enablecontextmenu' value='true' />"; //Allow right-click. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='fullscreen' value='" + isFullSize.ToString() + "' />"; //Start in full screen or not. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='mute' value='false' />"; himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='PlayCount' value='1' />"; //Number of times the content will play. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='rate' value='1.0' />"; //0.5=Slow, 1.0=Normal, 2.0=Fast himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='uimode' value='full' />"; // full, mini, custom, none, invisible himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='showdisplay' value='true' />"; //Show or hide the name of the file. himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "<param name='volume' value='50' />"; // 0=lowest, 100=highest himaSagarObject = himaSagarObject + "</object>"; return himaSagarObject; }**

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  • C++/msvc6 application crashes due to heap corruption, any hints?

    - by David Alfonso
    Hello all, let me say first that I'm writing this question after months of trying to find out the root of a crash happening in our application. I'll try to detail as much as possible what I've already found out about it. About the application It runs on Windows XP Professional SP2. It's built with Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 with Service Pack 6. It's MFC based. It uses several external dlls (e.g. Xerces, ZLib or ACE). It has high performance requirements. It does a lot of network and hard disk I/O, but it's also cpu intensive. It has an exception handling mechanism which generates a minidump when an unhandled exception occurs. Facts about the crash It only happens on multiprocessor/multicore machines and under heavy loads of work. It happens at random (neither we nor our client have found a pattern yet). We cannot reproduce the crash on our testing lab. It only happens on some production systems (but always in multicore machines) It always ends up crashing at the same point, although the complete stack is not always the same. Let me add the stack of the crashing thread (obtained using WinDbg, sorry we don't have symbols) ChildEBP RetAddr Args to Child WARNING: Stack unwind information not available. Following frames may be wrong. 030af6c8 7c9206eb 77bfc3c9 01a80000 00224bc3 MyApplication+0x2a85b9 030af960 7c91e9c0 7c92901b 00000ab4 00000000 ntdll!RtlAllocateHeap+0xeac (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 030af98c 7c9205c8 00000001 00000000 00000000 ntdll!ZwWaitForSingleObject+0xc (FPO: [3,0,0]) 030af9c0 7c920551 01a80898 7c92056d 313adfb0 ntdll!RtlpFreeToHeapLookaside+0x22 (FPO: [2,0,4]) 030afa8c 4ba3ae96 000307da 00130005 00040012 ntdll!RtlFreeHeap+0x1e9 (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 030afacc 77bfc2e3 0214e384 3087c8d8 02151030 0x4ba3ae96 030afb00 7c91e306 7c80bfc1 00000948 00000001 msvcrt!free+0xc8 (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 030afb20 0042965b 030afcc0 0214d780 02151218 ntdll!ZwReleaseSemaphore+0xc (FPO: [3,0,0]) 030afb7c 7c9206eb 02e6c471 02ea0000 00000008 MyApplication+0x2965b 030afe60 7c9205c8 02151248 030aff38 7c920551 ntdll!RtlAllocateHeap+0xeac (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 030afe74 7c92056d 0210bfb8 02151250 02151250 ntdll!RtlpFreeToHeapLookaside+0x22 (FPO: [2,0,4]) 030aff38 77bfc2de 01a80000 00000000 77bfc2e3 ntdll!RtlFreeHeap+0x647 (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 7c92056d c5ffffff ce7c94be ff7c94be 00ffffff msvcrt!free+0xc3 (FPO: [Non-Fpo]) 7c920575 ff7c94be 00ffffff 12000000 907c94be 0xc5ffffff 7c920579 00ffffff 12000000 907c94be 90909090 0xff7c94be *** WARNING: Unable to verify checksum for xerces-c_2_7.dll *** ERROR: Symbol file could not be found. Defaulted to export symbols for xerces-c_2_7.dll - 7c92057d 12000000 907c94be 90909090 8b55ff8b MyApplication+0xbfffff 7c920581 907c94be 90909090 8b55ff8b 08458bec xerces_c_2_7 7c920585 90909090 8b55ff8b 08458bec 04408b66 0x907c94be 7c920589 8b55ff8b 08458bec 04408b66 0004c25d 0x90909090 7c92058d 08458bec 04408b66 0004c25d 90909090 0x8b55ff8b The address MyApplication+0x2a85b9 corresponds to a call to erase() of a std::list. What I have tried so far Reviewing all the code related to the point where the crash ends happening. Trying to enable pageheap on our testing lab though nothing useful has been found by now. We have substituted the std::list for a C array and then it crashes in other part of the code (although it is related code, it's not in the code where the old list resided). Coincidentally, now it crashes in another erase, though this time of a std::multiset. Let me copy the stack contained in the dump: ntdll.dll!_RtlpCoalesceFreeBlocks@16() + 0x124e bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlFreeHeap@12() + 0x91f bytes msvcrt.dll!_free() + 0xc3 bytes MyApplication.exe!006a4fda() [Frames below may be incorrect and/or missing, no symbols loaded for MyApplication.exe] MyApplication.exe!0069f305() ntdll.dll!_NtFreeVirtualMemory@16() + 0xc bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlpSecMemFreeVirtualMemory@16() + 0x1b bytes ntdll.dll!_ZwWaitForSingleObject@12() + 0xc bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlpFreeToHeapLookaside@8() + 0x26 bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlFreeHeap@12() + 0x114 bytes msvcrt.dll!_free() + 0xc3 bytes c5ffffff() Possible solutions (that I'm aware of) which cannot be applied "Migrate the application to a newer compiler": We are working on this but It's not a solution at the moment. "Enable pageheap (normal or full)": We can't enable pageheap on production machines as this affects performance heavily. I think that's all I remember now, if I have forgotten something I'll add it asap. If you can give me some hint or propose some possible solution, don't hesitate to answer! Thank you in advance for your time and advice.

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  • <optgroup> Not working in jQuery Dropdown

    - by Santhosh Kumar
    I have a asp:dropdownlist which i have changed to jQuery multiselect. I have to group the data inside the dropdown. I am grouping this in runtime.If it is a normal asp dropdown its working. When applying jquery Multiselect its dosen't. Source: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Styles/jquery.multiselect.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Styles/jquery.multiselect.filter.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Styles/style.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="Styles/prettify.css" /> <%--<script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>--%> <script src="Scripts/jquery-1.4.1.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1/themes/ui-lightness/jquery-ui.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery.multiselect.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/jquery.multiselect.filter.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="Scripts/prettify.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { //Create groups for dropdown list $("option[classification='LessThanFive']").wrapAll("<optgroup label='Less Than Five' />"); $("option[classification='GreaterThanFive']").wrapAll("<optgroup label='Greater Than five' />"); }); </script> <asp:DropDownList ID="MobileData" runat="server" OnDataBound="ddl_DataBound"> </asp:DropDownList> //Code Behind: protected void ddl_DataBound(object sender, EventArgs e) { foreach (ListItem item in ((DropDownList)sender).Items) { if (System.Int32.Parse(item.Value) < 2) item.Attributes.Add("classification", "LessThanFive"); else item.Attributes.Add("classification", "GreaterThanFive"); } } protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { ListItemCollection list = new ListItemCollection(); list.Add(new ListItem("1", "1")); list.Add(new ListItem("2", "2")); list.Add(new ListItem("3", "3")); list.Add(new ListItem("4", "4")); list.Add(new ListItem("5", "5")); list.Add(new ListItem("6", "6")); list.Add(new ListItem("7", "7")); list.Add(new ListItem("8", "8")); list.Add(new ListItem("9", "9")); list.Add(new ListItem("10", "10")); MobileData.DataSource = list; MobileData.DataBind(); } Where i'm wrong?

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  • What does the `forall` keyword in Haskell/GHC do?

    - by JUST MY correct OPINION
    I've been banging my head on this one for (quite literally) years now. I'm beginning to kinda/sorta understand how the foreach keyword is used in so-called "existential types" like this: data ShowBox = forall s. Show s => SB s (This despite the confusingly-worded explanations of it in the fragments found all around the web.) This is only a subset, however, of how foreach is used and I simply cannot wrap my mind around its use in things like this: runST :: forall a. (forall s. ST s a) -> a Or explaining why these are different: foo :: (forall a. a -> a) -> (Char,Bool) bar :: forall a. ((a -> a) -> (Char, Bool)) Or the whole RankNTypes stuff that breaks my brain when "explained" in a way that makes me want to do that Samuel L. Jackson thing from Pulp Fiction. (Don't follow that link if you're easily offended by strong language.) The problem, really, is that I'm a dullard. I can't fathom the chicken scratchings (some call them "formulae") of the elite mathematicians that created this language seeing as my university years are over two decades behind me and I never actually had to put what I learnt into use in practice. I also tend to prefer clear, jargon-free English rather than the kinds of language which are normal in academic environments. Most of the explanations I attempt to read on this (the ones I can find through search engines) have these problems: They're incomplete. They explain one part of the use of this keyword (like "existential types") which makes me feel happy until I read code that uses it in a completely different way (like runST, foo and bar above). They're densely packed with assumptions that I've read the latest in whatever branch of discrete math, category theory or abstract algebra is popular this week. (If I never read the words "consult the paper whatever for details of implementation" again, it will be too soon.) They're written in ways that frequently turn even simple concepts into tortuously twisted and fractured grammar and semantics. (I suspect that the last two items are the biggest problem. I wouldn't know, though, since I'm too much a dullard to comprehend them.) It's been asked why Haskell never really caught on in industry. I suspect, in my own humble, unintelligent way, that my experience in figuring out one stupid little keyword -- a keyword that is increasingly ubiquitous in the libraries being written these days -- are also part of the answer to that question. It's hard for a language to catch on when even its individual keywords cause years-long quests to comprehend. Years-long quests which end in failure. So... On to the actual question. Can anybody completely explain the foreach keyword in clear, plain English (or, if it exists somewhere, point to such a clear explanation which I've missed) that doesn't assume I'm a mathematician steeped in the jargon?

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  • globals and locals in python exec()

    - by hawkettc
    Hi, I'm trying to run a piece of python code using exec. my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(object): a_ref = A """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env which results in the following output locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 16, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 8, in <module> File "My Code", line 9, in B NameError: name 'A' is not defined However, if I change the code to this - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(A): pass """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env then it works fine - giving the following output - locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> {'A': <class 'A'>, 'B': <class 'B'>} Clearly A is present and accessible - what's going wrong in the first piece of code? I'm using 2.6.5, cheers, Colin * UPDATE 1 * If I check the locals() inside the class - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A class B(object): print locals() a_ref = A """ global_env = {} local_env = {} my_code_AST = compile(my_code, "My Code", "exec") exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) print local_env Then it becomes clear that locals() is not the same in both places - locals: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> {'__module__': '__builtin__'} Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 16, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 8, in <module> File "My Code", line 10, in B NameError: name 'A' is not defined However, if I do this, there is no problem - def f(): class A(object): pass class B(object): a_ref = A f() print 'Finished OK' * UPDATE 2 * ok, so the docs here - http://docs.python.org/reference/executionmodel.html 'A class definition is an executable statement that may use and define names. These references follow the normal rules for name resolution. The namespace of the class definition becomes the attribute dictionary of the class. Names defined at the class scope are not visible in methods.' It seems to me that 'A' should be made available as a free variable within the executable statement that is the definition of B, and this happens when we call f(), but not when we use exec(). This can be more easily shown with the following - my_code = """ class A(object): pass print 'locals in body: %s' % locals() print 'A: %s' % A def f(): print 'A in f: %s' % A f() class B(object): a_ref = A """ which outputs locals in body: {'A': <class 'A'>} A: <class 'A'> Traceback (most recent call last): File "python_test.py", line 20, in <module> exec(my_code_AST, global_env, local_env) File "My Code", line 11, in <module> File "My Code", line 9, in f NameError: global name 'A' is not defined So I guess the new question is - why aren't those locals being exposed as free variables in functions and class definitions - it seems like a pretty standard closure scenario.

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  • Is there a way to delay compilation of a stored procedure's execution plan?

    - by Ian Henry
    (At first glance this may look like a duplicate of http://stackoverflow.com/questions/421275 or http://stackoverflow.com/questions/414336, but my actual question is a bit different) Alright, this one's had me stumped for a few hours. My example here is ridiculously abstracted, so I doubt it will be possible to recreate locally, but it provides context for my question (Also, I'm running SQL Server 2005). I have a stored procedure with basically two steps, constructing a temp table, populating it with very few rows, and then querying a very large table joining against that temp table. It has multiple parameters, but the most relevant is a datetime "@MinDate." Essentially: create table #smallTable (ID int) insert into #smallTable select (a very small number of rows from some other table) select * from aGiantTable inner join #smallTable on #smallTable.ID = aGiantTable.ID inner join anotherTable on anotherTable.GiantID = aGiantTable.ID where aGiantTable.SomeDateField > @MinDate If I just execute this as a normal query, by declaring @MinDate as a local variable and running that, it produces an optimal execution plan that executes very quickly (first joins on #smallTable and then only considers a very small subset of rows from aGiantTable while doing other operations). It seems to realize that #smallTable is tiny, so it would be efficient to start with it. This is good. However, if I make that a stored procedure with @MinDate as a parameter, it produces a completely inefficient execution plan. (I am recompiling it each time, so it's not a bad cached plan...at least, I sure hope it's not) But here's where it gets weird. If I change the proc to the following: declare @LocalMinDate datetime set @LocalMinDate = @MinDate --where @MinDate is still a parameter create table #smallTable (ID int) insert into #smallTable select (a very small number of rows from some other table) select * from aGiantTable inner join #smallTable on #smallTable.ID = aGiantTable.ID inner join anotherTable on anotherTable.GiantID = aGiantTable.ID where aGiantTable.SomeDateField > @LocalMinDate Then it gives me the efficient plan! So my theory is this: when executing as a plain query (not as a stored procedure), it waits to construct the execution plan for the expensive query until the last minute, so the query optimizer knows that #smallTable is small and uses that information to give the efficient plan. But when executing as a stored procedure, it creates the entire execution plan at once, thus it can't use this bit of information to optimize the plan. But why does using the locally declared variables change this? Why does that delay the creation of the execution plan? Is that actually what's happening? If so, is there a way to force delayed compilation (if that indeed is what's going on here) even when not using local variables in this way? More generally, does anyone have sources on when the execution plan is created for each step of a stored procedure? Googling hasn't provided any helpful information, but I don't think I'm looking for the right thing. Or is my theory just completely unfounded? Edit: Since posting, I've learned of parameter sniffing, and I assume this is what's causing the execution plan to compile prematurely (unless stored procedures indeed compile all at once), so my question remains -- can you force the delay? Or disable the sniffing entirely? The question is academic, since I can force a more efficient plan by replacing the select * from aGiantTable with select * from (select * from aGiantTable where ID in (select ID from #smallTable)) as aGiantTable Or just sucking it up and masking the parameters, but still, this inconsistency has me pretty curious.

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  • When Clearing an ObservableCollection, There are No Items in e.OldItems

    - by cplotts
    I have something here that is really catching me off guard. I have an ObservableCollection of T that is filled with items. I also have an event handler attached to the CollectionChanged event. When you Clear the collection it causes an CollectionChanged event with e.Action set to NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Reset. Ok, that's normal. But what is weird is that neither e.OldItems or e.NewItems has anything in it. I would expect e.OldItems to be filled with all items that were removed from the collection. Has anyone else seen this? And if so, how have they gotten around it? Some background: I am using the CollectionChanged event to attach and detach from another event and thus if I don't get any items in e.OldItems ... I won't be able to detach from that event. CLARIFICATION: I do know that the documentation doesn't outright state that it has to behave this way. But for every other action, it is notifying me of what it has done. So, my assumption is that it would tell me ... in the case of Clear/Reset as well. Below is the sample code if you wish to reproduce it yourself. First off the xaml: <Window x:Class="ObservableCollection.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="Window1" Height="300" Width="300" > <StackPanel> <Button x:Name="addButton" Content="Add" Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10" Click="addButton_Click"/> <Button x:Name="moveButton" Content="Move" Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10" Click="moveButton_Click"/> <Button x:Name="removeButton" Content="Remove" Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10" Click="removeButton_Click"/> <Button x:Name="replaceButton" Content="Replace" Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10" Click="replaceButton_Click"/> <Button x:Name="resetButton" Content="Reset" Width="100" Height="25" Margin="10" Click="resetButton_Click"/> </StackPanel> </Window> Next, the code behind: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Data; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; using System.Windows.Navigation; using System.Windows.Shapes; using System.Collections.ObjectModel; namespace ObservableCollection { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml /// </summary> public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { InitializeComponent(); _integerObservableCollection.CollectionChanged += new System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler(_integerObservableCollection_CollectionChanged); } private void _integerObservableCollection_CollectionChanged(object sender, System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e) { switch (e.Action) { case System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add: break; case System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Move: break; case System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove: break; case System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Replace: break; case System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Reset: break; default: break; } } private void addButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _integerObservableCollection.Add(25); } private void moveButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _integerObservableCollection.Move(0, 19); } private void removeButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _integerObservableCollection.RemoveAt(0); } private void replaceButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _integerObservableCollection[0] = 50; } private void resetButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _integerObservableCollection.Clear(); } private ObservableCollection<int> _integerObservableCollection = new ObservableCollection<int> { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 }; } }

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  • How does the compile choose which template function to call?

    - by aCuria
    Regarding the below code, how does the compiler choose which template function to call? If the const T& function is omitted, the T& function is always called. If the T& function is omitted, the const T& function is always called. If both are included, the results are as below. #include <iostream> #include <typeinfo> template <typename T> void function(const T &t) { std::cout << "function<" << typeid(T).name() << ">(const T&) called with t = " << t << std::endl; } template <typename T> void function(T &t) { std::cout << "function<" << typeid(T).name() << ">(T&) called with t = " << t << std::endl; } int main() { int i1 = 57; const int i2 = -6; int *pi1 = &i1; int *const pi3 = &i1; const int *pi2 = &i2; const int *const pi4 = &i2; function(pi1); ///just a normal pointer -> T& function(pi2); ///cannot change what we point to -> T& function(pi3); ///cannot change where we point -> const T& function(pi4); ///cannot change everything -> const T& return 0; } /* g++ output: function<Pi>(T&) called with t = 0x22cd24 function<PKi>(T&) called with t = 0x22cd20 function<Pi>(const T&) called with t = 0x22cd24 function<PKi>(const T&) called with t = 0x22cd20 */ /* bcc32 output: function<int *>(T&) called with t = 0012FF50 function<const int *>(T&) called with t = 0012FF4C function<int *>(const T&) called with t = 0012FF50 function<const int *>(const T&) called with t = 0012FF4C */ /* cl output: function<int *>(T&) called with t = 0012FF34 function<int const *>(T&) called with t = 0012FF28 function<int *>(const T&) called with t = 0012FF34 function<int const *>(const T&) called with t = 0012FF28 */

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  • Mysql - help me optimize this query (improved question)

    - by sandeepan-nath
    About the system: - There are tutors who create classes and packs - A tags based search approach is being followed.Tag relations are created when new tutors register and when tutors create packs (this makes tutors and packs searcheable). For details please check the section How tags work in this system? below. Following is the concerned query SELECT SUM(DISTINCT( t.tag LIKE "%Dictatorship%" )) AS key_1_total_matches, SUM(DISTINCT( t.tag LIKE "%democracy%" )) AS key_2_total_matches, COUNT(DISTINCT( od.id_od )) AS tutor_popularity, CASE WHEN ( IF(( wc.id_wc > 0 ), ( wc.wc_api_status = 1 AND wc.wc_type = 0 AND wc.class_date > '2010-06-01 22:00:56' AND wccp.status = 1 AND ( wccp.country_code = 'IE' OR wccp.country_code IN ( 'INT' ) ) ), 0) ) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS 'classes_published', CASE WHEN ( IF(( lp.id_lp > 0 ), ( lp.id_status = 1 AND lp.published = 1 AND lpcp.status = 1 AND ( lpcp.country_code = 'IE' OR lpcp.country_code IN ( 'INT' ) ) ), 0) ) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS 'packs_published', td . *, u . * FROM tutor_details AS td JOIN users AS u ON u.id_user = td.id_user LEFT JOIN learning_packs_tag_relations AS lptagrels ON td.id_tutor = lptagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN learning_packs AS lp ON lptagrels.id_lp = lp.id_lp LEFT JOIN learning_packs_categories AS lpc ON lpc.id_lp_cat = lp.id_lp_cat LEFT JOIN learning_packs_categories AS lpcp ON lpcp.id_lp_cat = lpc.id_parent LEFT JOIN learning_pack_content AS lpct ON ( lp.id_lp = lpct.id_lp ) LEFT JOIN webclasses_tag_relations AS wtagrels ON td.id_tutor = wtagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN webclasses AS wc ON wtagrels.id_wc = wc.id_wc LEFT JOIN learning_packs_categories AS wcc ON wcc.id_lp_cat = wc.id_wp_cat LEFT JOIN learning_packs_categories AS wccp ON wccp.id_lp_cat = wcc.id_parent LEFT JOIN order_details AS od ON td.id_tutor = od.id_author LEFT JOIN orders AS o ON od.id_order = o.id_order LEFT JOIN tutors_tag_relations AS ttagrels ON td.id_tutor = ttagrels.id_tutor JOIN tags AS t ON ( t.id_tag = ttagrels.id_tag ) OR ( t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag ) OR ( t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag ) WHERE ( u.country = 'IE' OR u.country IN ( 'INT' ) ) AND CASE WHEN ( ( t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag ) AND ( lp.id_lp 0 ) ) THEN lp.id_status = 1 AND lp.published = 1 AND lpcp.status = 1 AND ( lpcp.country_code = 'IE' OR lpcp.country_code IN ( 'INT' ) ) ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN ( ( t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag ) AND ( wc.id_wc 0 ) ) THEN wc.wc_api_status = 1 AND wc.wc_type = 0 AND wc.class_date '2010-06-01 22:00:56' AND wccp.status = 1 AND ( wccp.country_code = 'IE' OR wccp.country_code IN ( 'INT' ) ) ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN ( od.id_od 0 ) THEN od.id_author = td.id_tutor AND o.order_status = 'paid' AND CASE WHEN ( od.id_wc 0 ) THEN od.can_attend_class = 1 ELSE 1 END ELSE 1 END GROUP BY td.id_tutor HAVING key_1_total_matches = 1 AND key_2_total_matches = 1 ORDER BY tutor_popularity DESC, u.surname ASC, u.name ASC LIMIT 0, 20 The problem The results returned by the above query are correct (AND logic working as per expectation), but the time taken by the query rises alarmingly for heavier data and for the current data I have it is like 25 seconds as against normal query timings of the order of 0.005 - 0.0002 seconds, which makes it totally unusable. It is possible that some of the delay is being caused because all the possible fields have not yet been indexed. The tag field of tags table is indexed. Is there something faulty with the query? What can be the reason behind 20+ seconds of execution time? How tags work in this system? When a tutor registers, tags are entered and tag relations are created with respect to tutor's details like name, surname etc. When a Tutors create packs, again tags are entered and tag relations are created with respect to pack's details like pack name, description etc. tag relations for tutors stored in tutors_tag_relations and those for packs stored in learning_packs_tag_relations. All individual tags are stored in tags table. The explain query output:- Please see this screenshot - http://www.test.examvillage.com/Explain_query.jpg

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  • How to implement dynamic binary search for search and insert operations of n element (C or C++)

    - by iecut
    The idea is to use multiple arrays, each of length 2^k, to store n elements, according to binary representation of n.Each array is sorted and different arrays are not ordered in any way. In the above mentioned data structure, SEARCH is carried out by a sequence of binary search on each array. INSERT is carried out by a sequence of merge of arrays of the same length until an empty array is reached. More Detail: Lets suppose we have a vertical array of length 2^k and to each node of that array there attached horizontal array of length 2^k. That is, to the first node of vertical array, a horizontal array of length 2^0=1 is connected,to the second node of vertical array, a horizontal array of length 2^1= 2 is connected and so on. So the insert is first carried out in the first horizontal array, for the second insert the first array becomes empty and second horizontal array is full with 2 elements, for the third insert 1st and 2nd array horiz. array are filled and so on. I implemented the normal binary search for search and insert as follows: int main() { int a[20]= {0}; int n, i, j, temp; int *beg, *end, *mid, target; printf(" enter the total integers you want to enter (make it less then 20):\n"); scanf("%d", &n); if (n = 20) return 0; printf(" enter the integer array elements:\n" ); for(i = 0; i < n; i++) { scanf("%d", &a[i]); } // sort the loaded array, binary search! for(i = 0; i < n-1; i++) { for(j = 0; j < n-i-1; j++) { if (a[j+1] < a[j]) { temp = a[j]; a[j] = a[j+1]; a[j+1] = temp; } } } printf(" the sorted numbers are:"); for(i = 0; i < n; i++) { printf("%d ", a[i]); } // point to beginning and end of the array beg = &a[0]; end = &a[n]; // use n = one element past the loaded array! // mid should point somewhere in the middle of these addresses mid = beg += n/2; printf("\n enter the number to be searched:"); scanf("%d",&target); // binary search, there is an AND in the middle of while()!!! while((beg <= end) && (*mid != target)) { // is the target in lower or upper half? if (target < *mid) { end = mid - 1; // new end n = n/2; mid = beg += n/2; // new middle } else { beg = mid + 1; // new beginning n = n/2; mid = beg += n/2; // new middle } } // find the target? if (*mid == target) { printf("\n %d found!", target); } else { printf("\n %d not found!", target); } getchar(); // trap enter getchar(); // wait return 0; } Could anyone please suggest how to modify this program or a new program to implement dynamic binary search that works as explained above!!

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  • PHP HTML table is too wide

    - by typoknig
    I have a table that I cannot get to size correctly. The table populates with information from a database via a loop. Sometimes if the data is too long the table extends past where it should. When the data is that long I want the data to wrap in the cells so the table stays where it should. I have tried the normal table data but it isn't working. Any ideas? <?php echo "<table> <tr> <th>id</th> <th>700-number</th> <th>First name</th> <th>Last name</th> <th>Email</th> <th>Response</th> <th>Created On</th> </tr>"; $num = mysql_num_rows($result); for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) { $row = mysql_fetch_array($result); $id = $row['id']; $school_id = $row['school_id']; $fname = $row['first_name']; $lname = $row['last_name']; $email = $row['email']; $attending = ($row['attending'] == 0) ? 'No' : 'Yes'; $date = $row['created_on']; $class = (($i % 2) == 0) ? "td2" : "td1"; echo "<tr>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$id</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$school_id</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$fname</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$lname</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$email</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$attending</td>"; echo "<td class=" . $class . ">$date</td>"; echo "</tr>"; } ?> </table>

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  • swap a div to an embed form when user tweets using the @anywhere function box

    - by Jeff
    I'm using the @anywhere twitter function on the front page of my site (vocabbomb.com) and right now it works great to allow users to tweet straight away. Problem is, when they click tweet, it just reloads the twitter box, empty. I want it to load something new, like a "thank you, now fill in this email form" and show a mailchimp form. Ok so this is the @anywhere code currently working fine: <div id="tbox"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> twttr.anywhere(function (T) { T("#tbox").tweetBox({ height: 100, width: 400, defaultContent: " #vocabbomb", label: "Use the word foo in a tweet:", }); }); </script> So this is fine, and when the user writes a tweet, it just re-displays the twitter box. I understand there is a function that lets you specify stuff after the tweet is made: (example from http://dev.twitter.com/pages/anywhere_tweetbox) <div id="example-ontweet"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> twttr.anywhere(function (T) { T("#example-ontweet").tweetBox({ onTweet : function(plaintext, html) { console.log(plaintext); alert(html); } }); }); </script> Is this the best way to attempt this? Or do I need a function or something that changes what's in the div to something else? I want the mailchimp email form to show up after the tweet. It includes a ton of script and tags and starts like this: <!-- Begin MailChimp Signup Form --> <!--[if IE]> <style type="text/css" media="screen"> #mc_embed_signup fieldset {position: relative;} #mc_embed_signup legend {position: absolute; top: -1em; left: .2em;} </style> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <style type="text/css" media="screen"> .mc-field-group {overflow:visible;} </style> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.2.6/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://downloads.mailchimp.com/js/jquery.validate.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://downloads.mailchimp.com/js/jquery.form.js"></script> <div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="http://faresharenyc.us1.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=106b58b4751a007d826715754&amp;id=2fe6ba4e6a" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_blank" style="font: normal 100% Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 10px;"> ... So my attempt to just require it inside the function didn't work at all: <div id="tbox"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> twttr.anywhere(function (T) { T("#tbox").tweetBox({ height: 100, width: 400, defaultContent: " #vocabbomb", label: "Use the word foo in a tweet:", onTweet: function(plain, html){ <?php require_once('mailchimp.html'); ?> } }); }); </script> Nettuts had a brief discussion here: http://net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/javascript-ajax/using-twitters-anywhere-service-in-6-steps/ I am seeing now that the 'onTweet' function simply adds some text above the twitter box, but doesn't actually replace the entire twitter box. How do I do that? Is it possible? Thanks!

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