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  • Amazon CloudFront and EC2: Global Load Balancing

    - by Matt Rogish
    We have an app that is going to store and serve up a decent amount of data in S3 to a global audience where latency should be minimized. So, we've been doing tests with Amazon CloudFront and have seen favorable results. However, we need a thin middleware layer (to do security etc.) and we'd like to put that in EC2. Due to security restrictions, this middleware layer will do the file streaming from S3/CloudFront: S3/CloudFront - EC2 - Clients We can geographically distribute the EC2 nodes (US East/West, and Ireland) but the problem is that a client in the EU would hit our US server and be fed data from there, thus rendering much of the performance benefit of CloudFront moot. I've been digging through the EC2 docs but I can't find a built-in way to get a geographically distributed version of EC2 a la CloudFront. Elastic Load Balancing sounds like the way to go, but I can't seem to find a way with that to direct based on routing... Preferably, we'd like to keep the amount of stuff outside of EC2/S3/etc. to a minimum (for obvious reasons). Any ideas how to do that within the EC2/S3 framework? DNS/routing tricks? Thanks!

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  • Windows Server 2008 R2 RAS VPN: access server on internal interface ip

    - by Mathias
    Hey, short question: I'm usually a linux admin but need to setup a Win2k8 R2 server for a student project. The server is running as VM on a root server and has a public internet IP assigned. Additionally I need a VPN server to access some services running on the server. I managed to set up a working VPN gateway via the Routing and RAS service which assigns clients an IP in the private subnet 192.168.88.0/24 with the Interface "Internal" listening on 192.168.88.1. Additionally I set up the external interface as NAT interface. So I can connect to the VPN server, get an IP assigned and the server additionally does NAT and I can access the internet over the VPN connection. The only thing I additionally need, is that I can access the server itself over that internal IP (e.g. client 192.168.88.2, server 192.168.88.1) as I want to access some services which I don't like to expose to the internet and restrict them to connected VPN clients. Does anybody have a hint, which configuration I'm missing here to be able to access the server over the VPN connection? EDIT: VPN clients get assigned the IP from the private subnet with subnetmask 255.255.255.255, I guess that might be the reason I can't access the server on the private IP address although it's in the same network range. Any ideas how to change this? I defined a static address pool in the Routing and RAS service, but I can't change the netmask there. EDIT2: I can't access the server from the client, but I can fully access the client from the server (ping, HTTP). I guess it has to do with firewall configuration. Thanks in advance, Mathias

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  • Using public interfaces on a server connected through a GRE tunnel

    - by Evan
    I'm pretty new to networking so please forgive any terminology mistakes. I have 2 servers connected with a GRE tunnel. Server1 (10.0.0.1) ---- Server2 (10.0.0.2) I want to be able to bind to the public IPs on Server2 using Server1. To do this, I setup virtual interfaces with Server2's public IPs on Server1 and then used routing rules on Server1 to route the packets through the GRE tunnel. On Server1: ip rule add from [Server2's first public IP] table gre ip rule add from [Server2's second public IP] table gre ip route add default via 10.0.0.2 dev gre1 table gre This works great and I can see the packets arriving via GRE on Server2. I can see the packet exiting the tunnel on Server2's gre1 device as shown: From Server1: ping -I [Server2's public ip] google.com tcpdump from Server2's GRE tunnel device: 12:07:17.029160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) [Server2's public ip] > 74.125.225.38: ICMP echo request, id 6378, seq 50, length 64 This is exactly the packet I want. However, I'm not seeing it go out at all on eth0:0 (where Server2's public IP is bound to). I've tried to use routing rules to get packets coming from Server2's public IP (which would be coming out of dev gre1) to go through dev eth0 on the public default gateway and that doesn't work either. I'm at a loss, thank you to anyone who can help.

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  • Can't ping through default gateway

    - by Andrew G.H.
    I have the following configuration: Routing table on M3 is: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth0 Routing table on M1 is: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 So basically M3's gateway is M1, and M1's gateway is M2's wireless internet interface. If I ping 8.8.8.8 from M1, everything is ok, replies are received. Pinging from M1 to M3 and viceversa is also possible. I have configured M1 as gateway trafic forwarder using firestarter package and stopped firewall with it. iptables policies are ACCEPT for everything. Problem: I have tried ping-ing ip 8.8.8.8 from M3 but without success. What could be the source of this problem?

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  • Connect linux server to VPN server via PPTP

    - by wowpatrick
    I'm trying to connect a Linux (Ubuntu 10.04 LST) server to a VPN server via the PPTP client to an VPN server. I configured the PPTP client as said in the documentation. The connection is correctly added as an interface, but somehow the connection dose not work. ping -I ppp0 google.com dose not return anything and traceroute -i ppp0 only shows the first hop, and then displays nothing. Any ideas of what is going wrong? Incorrect routing configuration? ifconfig output for the configured interface: ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:xx.x.xxx.xxx P-t-P:10.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1496 Metric:1 RX packets:415 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:468 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:31428 (31.4 KB) TX bytes:32394 (32.3 KB) route output Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface xx.x.x.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 xx.xxx.xxx.xx sp.ip 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.3.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default sp.ip 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth1

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  • Route return traffic to correct gateway depending on service

    - by Marnix van Valen
    On my office network I have two internet connections and one CentOS server running a website (HTTPS on port 443). The website should be publicly accessible through the public IP of the first internet connection (ISP-1). The other internet connection, ISP-2, id the default gateway on the network. Both internet connections have routers (the household-kind) with NAT, SPI firewalls etc. The router on ISP-2 is a Netgear WNDR3700 (aka N600) with original firmware. The problem is that the website is unreachable. Looks like incoming traffic on ISP-1 will reach the server but the returning traffic is routed through ISP-2, effectively making the site unreachable. As far as I can tell I can't do port based routing on the WNDR3700. What are my options to make this work? I've been looking at implementing an iptables / routing based solution on the server itself but haven't been able to make that work. Update: Note that the server has one network interface connecting it to both routers.

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  • What Device/System to use as a "router on a stick"

    - by Jeff Leyser
    I need to create several distinct VLANs, and provide a way for traffic to move between them. A "router on a stick" approach seems ideal: Internet | Router with Trunking Capability ("router on a stick") * * Trunk between router and switch * Switch with Trunking Capability | | | | | | | | | | | LAN 2 | LAN 4 | | 10.0.2.0/24 | 10.0.4.0/24 | | | | LAN 1 LAN 3 LAN 5 10.0.1.0/24 10.0.3.0/24 10.0.5.0/24 We have trunk-capable Layer-2 switches. The question is what to use as the router on a stick. My choices seem to be: 1) Use an existing Cisco 5505 ASA firewall. It appears the ASA can do the routing, but it's a 100Mbps device, and so seems sub-optimal at best 2) Buy a router. This seems overkill. 3) Buy a Layer-3 switch. Also seems overkill. 4) Use an existing Linux Box as a router 5) Use a new Linux box as a router' 6) Something I'm not thinking of I think either (4) or (5) is my best option, but I'm not sure how to choose between them. I expect the amount of traffic that has to cross the VLANs to be somewhat small, but bursty. How much load does routing add to a CentOS machine?

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  • How to set a static route for an external IP address

    - by HorusKol
    Further to my earlier question about bridging different subnets - I now need to route requests for one particular IP address differently to all other traffic. I have the following routing in my iptables on our router: # Allow established connections, and those !not! coming from the public interface # eth0 = public interface # eth1 = private interface #1 (10.1.1.0/24) # eth2 = private interface #2 (129.2.2.0/25) iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW ! -i eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth2 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow outgoing connections from the private interfaces iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth2 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT # Allow the two private connections to talk to each other iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth2 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth2 -o eth1 -j ACCEPT # Masquerade (NAT) iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE # Don't forward any other traffic from the public to the private iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth1 -j REJECT iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o eth2 -j REJECT This configuration means that users will be forwarded through a modem/router with a public address - this is all well and good for most purposes, and in the main it doesn't matter that all computers are hidden behind the one public IP. However, some users need to be able to access a proxy at 192.111.222.111:8080 - and the proxy needs to identify this traffic as coming through a gateway at 129.2.2.126 - it won't respond otherwise. I tried adding a static route on our local gateway with: route add -host 192.111.222.111 gw 129.2.2.126 dev eth2 I can successfully ping 192.111.222.111 from the router. When I trace the route, it lists the 129.2.2.126 gateway, but I just get * on each of the following hops (I think this makes sense since this is just a web-proxy and requires authentication). When I try to ping this address from a host on the 129.2.2.0/25 network it fails. Should I do this in the iptables chain instead? How would I configure this routing?

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  • openVPN as a way to connect to a LAN by another client, different from server

    - by Einar
    Setup: one LAN handled by a router without a publicly available IP address but without any outbound connection restrictions ("target LAN"); a separate server publicly reachable from the Internet ("gateway"). I am trying to set up openVPN so that a third client can connect to the "gateway" and access the "target LAN". As the router of "target LAN" is not reachable from the Internet directly, it connects to the gateway itself via openVPN as well. The problem is how to handle routing. The LAN router has two network interfaces (for the outside network and the LAN itself). In openVPN (the server on the gateway) I set client-to-client and push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0" but I assume this would be horribly wrong (it actually messed up the routing on the LAN router until I killed openVPN). openVPN is not using bridging, is configured via tun. Other config details from the server server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 client-config-dir ccd route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 And the client file in ccd is iroute 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 What can be adjusted to ensure that a third client can connect through openVPN and access the LAN mentioned earlier?

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  • Change source address based on destination IP

    - by hgj
    We have several "router" machines that gather a lot of external IP addresses on the same host and redirect, NAT or proxy the traffic to the internal network. They also act as routers for the machines on the internal network. This works fine, however I am unable to make the routing table, so I can change the source address, based on the destination a machine from the internal network want to access. Let's say I have a router, that has public addresses P1 (5.5.5.1/24) and P2 (5.5.5.2/24). All traffic goes through P1, but if necessary, the host is reachable on P2 too. This looks like this and works fine: > ip addr ... 1: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 5.5.5.1/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global eth1 inet 5.5.5.2/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global secondary eth1:p2 ... Now I want to use P2 as the source address, if I want to access the Google DNS service for example (8.8.8.8). So I add a row in the routing table like: > ip route add 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 > ip route ... default via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 5.5.5.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 5.5.5.1 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 ... But this does not work. If I ping 8.8.8.8, the host still uses P1 as the source address, and does not use P2 at all for outgoing connections. Am I doing it right? I guess not...

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  • How do I tell Windows to use 802.11 in preference to 3G?

    - by Jon Skeet
    I have a Samsung NC-10 netbook which I take to work every day. Most of the time I use it just on the train/bus, but I also use it at work and home. It has a built-in 3G card which I want to use when travelling, but I'd prefer to use wifi when I'm at work or home, for obvious reasons. Unfortunately, if the 3G connection is up, Windows appears to use that in preference to wifi. Starting up and shutting down the 3G modem is a bit of a pain - it's not hard as such, just a bit inconvenient. Ideally I'd like it to always be up, and even have the connection itself up all the time, but without routing traffic through it if there's a wifi connection up. This is what my Android phone does, for example. Is there somewhere in Windows which lets me express an ordering for network interfaces? I suspect the routing table may be relevant, but it's a bit of a pain to mess around with. I'd really expect there to be a simple GUI way of setting this up - after all, it would equally be useful when dealing with wired vs wifi connections. I'm currently using Windows XP Home, but Windows 7 answers would also be useful as I'll be migrating soon.

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  • RESOLVED Why does IPtables's NAT stop working when I enable the firewall's third interface?

    - by Kronick
    On my firewall I've three interfaces : eth0 : public IP (46.X.X.X.) eth0:0 public IP (46.X.X.Y.) eth1 : public IP (88.X.X.X.) eth2 : private LAN (172.X.X.X) I've setup a basic NAT which works great until I turn on the eth1 interface, I basically loose the connectivity. When I turn off the interface (ifconfig eth1 down) then the NAT re-work. I've added some policy routing via iproute, which makes my three public IP's available. I don't understand why turning on eth1 on makes the LAN unavailable. PS : weirder ; when I turn on eth1 BUT remove the NAT, then the firewall is accessible by using the public IPS. So to me it's exclusively a NAT issue, since without the NAT the network works while with the NAT without the second public interface, the NAT does work. Regards EDIT : I've been able to make it work by using iproute2 rules. That was definitely a routing issue. Here is what I did : ip rule add prio 50 table main ip rule add prio 201 from ip1/netmask table 201 ip rule add prio 202 from ip2/netmask table 202 ip route add default via gateway1 dev interface1 src ip1 proto static table 201 ip route append prohibit default table 201 metric 1 proto static ip route add default via gateway2 dev interface2 src ip2 proto static table 202 ip route append prohibit default table 202 metric 1 proto static # mutipath ip rule add prio 221 table 221 ip route add default table 221 proto static \ nexthop via gateway1 dev interface1 weight 2\ nexthop via gateway2 dev interface2 weight 3

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  • Network problems that might be related to NAT

    - by nenne
    Hello, I have an odd setup where there is a router(Router 2) routing between network network 1 and network 2. One router(Router 1) with nat for internet access that routes between internet and network 1. There are people in both of these networks. All the clients in network 1 can access the internet, the clients in network 2 can access the clients in network 1 and can also access the router 1. Router 1 can also access clients in network 2. However, the clients in network 2 cannot reach the internet. I cannot think about anything in the routing tables that would hinder this, since Router 1 can reach the clients in network 2 and vice versa. Can it be that nat starts the session between router 2 and the internet site/machine instead of the client and the internet machine? Does anyone have any ideas? I have very little control over router 2(its basicly an ISP vpn net service) but full access to router 1. Its an ubuntu 10.04 with iptables for nat/firewall setup.

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  • Delphi: how to set the length of a RTTI-accessed dynamic array using DynArraySetLength?

    - by conciliator
    I'd like to set the length of a dynamic array, as suggested in this post. I have two classes TMyClass and the related TChildClass defined as TChildClass = class private FField1: string; FField2: string; end; TMyClass = class private FField1: TChildClass; FField2: Array of TChildClass; end; The array augmentation is implemented as var RContext: TRttiContext; RType: TRttiType; Val: TValue; // Contains the TMyClass instance RField: TRttiField; // A field in the TMyClass instance RElementType: TRttiType; // The kind of elements in the dyn array DynArr: TRttiDynamicArrayType; Value: TValue; // Holding an instance as referenced by an array element ArrPointer: Pointer; ArrValue: TValue; ArrLength: LongInt; i: integer; begin RContext := TRTTIContext.Create; try RType := RContext.GetType(TMyClass.ClassInfo); Val := RType.GetMethod('Create').Invoke(RType.AsInstance.MetaclassType, []); RField := RType.GetField('FField2'); if (RField.FieldType is TRttiDynamicArrayType) then begin DynArr := (RField.FieldType as TRttiDynamicArrayType); RElementType := DynArr.ElementType; // Set the new length of the array ArrValue := RField.GetValue(Val.AsObject); ArrLength := 3; // Three seems like a nice number ArrPointer := ArrValue.GetReferenceToRawData; DynArraySetLength(ArrPointer, ArrValue.TypeInfo, 1, @ArrLength); { TODO : Fix 'Index out of bounds' } WriteLn(ArrValue.IsArray, ' ', ArrValue.GetArrayLength); if RElementType.IsInstance then begin for i := 0 to ArrLength - 1 do begin Value := RElementType.GetMethod('Create').Invoke(RElementType.AsInstance.MetaclassType, []); ArrValue.SetArrayElement(i, Value); // This is just a test, so let's clean up immediatly Value.Free; end; end; end; ReadLn; Val.AsObject.Free; finally RContext.Free; end; end. Being new to D2010 RTTI, I suspected the error could depend on getting ArrValue from the class instance, but the subsequent WriteLn prints "TRUE", so I've ruled that out. Disappointingly, however, the same WriteLn reports that the size of ArrValue is 0, which is confirmed by the "Index out of bounds"-exception I get when trying to set any of the elements in the array (through ArrValue.SetArrayElement(i, Value);). Do anyone know what I'm doing wrong here? (Or perhaps there is a better way to do this?) TIA!

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  • Is it ok to dynamic cast "this" as a return value?

    - by Panayiotis Karabassis
    This is more of a design question. I have a template class, and I want to add extra methods to it depending on the template type. To practice the DRY principle, I have come up with this pattern (definitions intentionally omitted): template <class T> class BaseVector: public boost::array<T, 3> { protected: BaseVector<T>(const T x, const T y, const T z); public: bool operator == (const Vector<T> &other) const; Vector<T> operator + (const Vector<T> &other) const; Vector<T> operator - (const Vector<T> &other) const; Vector<T> &operator += (const Vector<T> &other) { (*this)[0] += other[0]; (*this)[1] += other[1]; (*this)[2] += other[2]; return *dynamic_cast<Vector<T> * const>(this); } } template <class T> class Vector : public BaseVector<T> { public: Vector<T>(const T x, const T y, const T z) : BaseVector<T>(x, y, z) { } }; template <> class Vector<double> : public BaseVector<double> { public: Vector<double>(const double x, const double y, const double z); Vector<double>(const Vector<int> &other); double norm() const; }; I intend BaseVector to be nothing more than an implementation detail. This works, but I am concerned about operator+=. My question is: is the dynamic cast of the this pointer a code smell? Is there a better way to achieve what I am trying to do (avoid code duplication, and unnecessary casts in the user code)? Or am I safe since, the BaseVector constructor is private?

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  • SSAS: Using fake dimension and scopes for dynamic ranges

    - by DigiMortal
    In one of my BI projects I needed to find count of objects in income range. Usual solution with range dimension was useless because range where object belongs changes in time. These ranges depend on calculation that is done over incomes measure so I had really no option to use some classic solution. Thanks to SSAS forums I got my problem solved and here is the solution. The problem – how to create dynamic ranges? I have two dimensions in SSAS cube: one for invoices related to objects rent and the other for objects. There is measure that sums invoice totals and two calculations. One of these calculations performs some computations based on object income and some other object attributes. Second calculation uses first one to define income ranges where object belongs. What I need is query that returns me how much objects there are in each group. I cannot use dimension for range because on one date object may belong to one range and two days later to another income range. By example, if object is not rented out for two days it makes no money and it’s income stays the same as before. If object is rented out after two days it makes some income and this income may move it to another income range. Solution – fake dimension and scopes Thanks to Gerhard Brueckl from pmOne I got everything work fine after some struggling with BI Studio. The original discussion he pointed out can be found from SSAS official forums thread Create a banding dimension that groups by a calculated measure. Solution was pretty simple by nature – we have to define fake dimension for our range and use scopes to assign values for object count measure. Object count measure is primitive – it just counts objects and that’s it. We will use it to find out how many objects belong to one or another range. We also need table for fake ranges and we have to fill it with ranges used in ranges calculation. After creating the table and filling it with ranges we can add fake range dimension to our cube. Let’s see now how to solve the problem step-by-step. Solving the problem Suppose you have ranges calculation defined like this: CASE WHEN [Measures].[ComplexCalc] < 0 THEN 'Below 0'WHEN [Measures].[ComplexCalc] >=0 AND  [Measures].[ComplexCalc] <=50 THEN '0 - 50'...END Let’s create now new table to our analysis database and name it as FakeIncomeRange. Here is the definition for table: CREATE TABLE [FakeIncomeRange] (     [range_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,     [range_name] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,     CONSTRAINT [pk_fake_income_range] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED      (         [range_id] ASC     ) ) Don’t forget to fill this table with range labels you are using in ranges calculation. To use ranges from table we have to add this table to our data source view and create new dimension. We cannot bind this table to other tables but we have to leave it like it is. Our dimension has two attributes: ID and Name. The next thing to create is calculation that returns objects count. This calculation is also fake because we override it’s values for all ranges later. Objects count measure can be defined as calculation like this: COUNT([Object].[Object].[Object].members) Now comes the most crucial part of our solution – defining the scopes. Based on data used in this posting we have to define scope for each of our ranges. Here is the example for first range. SCOPE([FakeIncomeRange].[Name].&[Below 0], [Measures].[ObjectCount])     This=COUNT(            FILTER(                [Object].[Object].[Object].members,                 [Measures].[ComplexCalc] < 0          )     ) END SCOPE To get these scopes defined in cube we need MDX script blocks for each line given here. Take a look at the screenshot to get better idea what I mean. This example is given from SQL Server books online to avoid conflicts with NDA. :) From previous example the lines (MDX scripts) are: Line starting with SCOPE Block for This = Line with END SCOPE And now it is time to deploy and process our cube. Although you may see examples where there are semicolons in the end of statements you don’t need them. Visual Studio BI tools generate separate command from each script block so you don’t need to worry about it.

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  • SQL SERVER – Database Dynamic Caching by Automatic SQL Server Performance Acceleration

    - by pinaldave
    My second look at SafePeak’s new version (2.1) revealed to me few additional interesting features. For those of you who hadn’t read my previous reviews SafePeak and not familiar with it, here is a quick brief: SafePeak is in business of accelerating performance of SQL Server applications, as well as their scalability, without making code changes to the applications or to the databases. SafePeak performs database dynamic caching, by caching in memory result sets of queries and stored procedures while keeping all those cache correct and up to date. Cached queries are retrieved from the SafePeak RAM in microsecond speed and not send to the SQL Server. The application gets much faster results (100-500 micro seconds), the load on the SQL Server is reduced (less CPU and IO) and the application or the infrastructure gets better scalability. SafePeak solution is hosted either within your cloud servers, hosted servers or your enterprise servers, as part of the application architecture. Connection of the application is done via change of connection strings or adding reroute line in the c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts file on all application servers. For those who would like to learn more on SafePeak architecture and how it works, I suggest to read this vendor’s webpage: SafePeak Architecture. More interesting new features in SafePeak 2.1 In my previous review of SafePeak new I covered the first 4 things I noticed in the new SafePeak (check out my article “SQLAuthority News – SafePeak Releases a Major Update: SafePeak version 2.1 for SQL Server Performance Acceleration”): Cache setup and fine-tuning – a critical part for getting good caching results Database templates Choosing which database to cache Monitoring and analysis options by SafePeak Since then I had a chance to play with SafePeak some more and here is what I found. 5. Analysis of SQL Performance (present and history): In SafePeak v.2.1 the tools for understanding of performance became more comprehensive. Every 15 minutes SafePeak creates and updates various performance statistics. Each query (or a procedure execute) that arrives to SafePeak gets a SQL pattern, and after it is used again there are statistics for such pattern. An important part of this product is that it understands the dependencies of every pattern (list of tables, views, user defined functions and procs). From this understanding SafePeak creates important analysis information on performance of every object: response time from the database, response time from SafePeak cache, average response time, percent of traffic and break down of behavior. One of the interesting things this behavior column shows is how often the object is actually pdated. The break down analysis allows knowing the above information for: queries and procedures, tables, views, databases and even instances level. The data is show now on all arriving queries, both read queries (that can be cached), but also any types of updates like DMLs, DDLs, DCLs, and even session settings queries. The stats are being updated every 15 minutes and SafePeak dashboard allows going back in time and investigating what happened within any time frame. 6. Logon trigger, for making sure nothing corrupts SafePeak cache data If you have an application with many parts, many servers many possible locations that can actually update the database, or the SQL Server is accessible to many DBAs or software engineers, each can access some database directly and do some changes without going thru SafePeak – this can create a potential corruption of the data stored in SafePeak cache. To make sure SafePeak cache is correct it needs to get all updates to arrive to SafePeak, and if a DBA will access the database directly and do some changes, for example, then SafePeak will simply not know about it and will not clean SafePeak cache. In the new version, SafePeak brought a new feature called “Logon Trigger” to solve the above challenge. By special click of a button SafePeak can deploy a special server logon trigger (with a CLR object) on your SQL Server that actually monitors all connections and informs SafePeak on any connection that is coming not from SafePeak. In SafePeak dashboard there is an interface that allows to control which logins can be ignored based on login names and IPs, while the rest will invoke cache cleanup of SafePeak and actually locks SafePeak cache until this connection will not be closed. Important to note, that this does not interrupt any logins, only informs SafePeak on such connection. On the Dashboard screen in SafePeak you will be able to see those connections and then decide what to do with them. Configuration of this feature in SafePeak dashboard can be done here: Settings -> SQL instances management -> click on instance -> Logon Trigger tab. Other features: 7. User management ability to grant permissions to someone without changing its configuration and only use SafePeak as performance analysis tool. 8. Better reports for analysis of performance using 15 minute resolution charts. 9. Caching of client cursors 10. Support for IPv6 Summary SafePeak is a great SQL Server performance acceleration solution for users who want immediate results for sites with performance, scalability and peak spikes challenges. Especially if your apps are packaged or 3rd party, since no code changes are done. SafePeak can significantly increase response times, by reducing network roundtrip to the database, decreasing CPU resource usage, eliminating I/O and storage access. SafePeak team provides a free fully functional trial www.safepeak.com/download and actually provides a one-on-one assistance during such trial. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology

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  • Dynamic Data Connections

    - by Tim Dexter
    I have had a long running email thread running between Dan and David over at Valspar and myself. They have built some impressive connectivity between their in house apps and BIP using web services. The crux of their problem has been that they have multiple databases that need the same report executed against them. Not such an unusual request as I have spoken to two customers in the last month with the same situation. Of course, you could create a report against each data connection and just run or call the appropriate report. Not too bad if you have two or three data connections but more than that and it becomes a maintenance nightmare having to update queries or layouts. Ideally you want to have just a single report definition on the BIP server and to dynamically set the connection to be used at runtime based on the user or system that the user is in. A quick bit of digging and help from Shinji on the development team and I had an answer. Rather embarassingly, the solution has been around since the Oct 2010 rollup patch last year. Still, I grabbed the latest Jan 2011 patch - check out Note 797057.1 for the latest available patches. Once installed, I used the best web service testing tool I have yet to come across - SoapUI. Just point it at the WSDL and you can check out the available services and their parameters and then test them too. The XML packet has a new dynamic data source entry. You can set you own custom JDBC connection or just specify an existing data source name thats defined on the server. <pub:runReport> <pub:reportRequest> <pub:attributeFormat>xml</pub:attributeFormat> <pub:attributeTemplate>0</pub:attributeTemplate> <pub:byPassCache>true</pub:byPassCache> <pub:dynamicDataSource> <pub:JDBCDataSource> <pub:JDBCDriverClass></pub:JDBCDriverClass> <pub:JDBCDriverType></pub:JDBCDriverType> <pub:JDBCPassword></pub:JDBCPassword> <pub:JDBCURL></pub:JDBCURL> <pub:JDBCUserName></pub:JDBCUserName> <pub:dataSourceName>Conn1</pub:dataSourceName> </pub:JDBCDataSource> </pub:dynamicDataSource> <pub:reportAbsolutePath>/Test/Employee Report/Employee Report.xdo</pub:reportAbsolutePath> </pub:reportRequest> <pub:userID>Administrator</pub:userID> <pub:password>Administrator</pub:password> </pub:runReport> So I have Conn1 and Conn2 defined that are connections to different databases. I can just flip the name, make the WS call and get the appropriate dataset in my report. Just as an example, here's my web service call java code. Just a case of bringing in the BIP java libs to my java project. publicReportServiceService = new PublicReportServiceService(); PublicReportService publicReportService = publicReportServiceService.getPublicReportService_v11(); String userID = "Administrator"; String password = "Administrator"; ReportRequest rr = new ReportRequest(); rr.setAttributeFormat("xml"); rr.setAttributeTemplate("1"); rr.setByPassCache(true); rr.setReportAbsolutePath("/Test/Employee Report/Employee Report.xdo"); rr.setReportOutputPath("c:\\temp\\output.xml"); BIPDataSource bipds = new BIPDataSource(); JDBCDataSource jds = new JDBCDataSource(); jds.setDataSourceName("Conn1"); bipds.setJDBCDataSource(jds); rr.setDynamicDataSource(bipds); try { publicReportService.runReport(rr, userID, password); } catch (InvalidParametersException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (AccessDeniedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (OperationFailedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } Note, Im no java whiz kid or whizzy old bloke, at least not unless Ive had a coffee. JDeveloper has a nice feature where you point it at the WSDL and it creates everything to support your calling code for you. Couple of things to remember: 1. When you call the service, remember to set the bypass the cache option. Forget it and much scratching of your head and taking my name in vain will ensue. 2. My demo actually hit the same database but used two users, one accessed the base tables another views with the same name. For far too long I thought the connection swapping was not working. I was getting the same results for both users until I realized I was specifying the schema name for the table/view in my query e.g. select * from EMP.EMPLOYEES. So remember to have a generic query that will depend entirely on the connection. Its a neat feature if you want to be able to switch connections and only define a single report and call it remotely. Now if you want the connection to be set dynamically based on the user and the report run via the user interface, thats going to be more tricky ... need to think about that one!

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  • Implementing an Interceptor Using NHibernate’s Built In Dynamic Proxy Generator

    - by Ricardo Peres
    NHibernate 3.2 came with an included proxy generator, which means there is no longer the need – or the possibility, for that matter – to choose Castle DynamicProxy, LinFu or Spring. This is actually a good thing, because it means one less assembly to deploy. Apparently, this generator was based, at least partially, on LinFu. As there are not many tutorials out there demonstrating it’s usage, here’s one, for demonstrating one of the most requested features: implementing INotifyPropertyChanged. This interceptor, of course, will still feature all of NHibernate’s functionalities that you are used to, such as lazy loading, and such. We will start by implementing an NHibernate interceptor, by inheriting from the base class NHibernate.EmptyInterceptor. This class does not do anything by itself, but it allows us to plug in behavior by overriding some of its methods, in this case, Instantiate: 1: public class NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor : EmptyInterceptor 2: { 3: private ISession session = null; 4:  5: private static readonly ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(); 6:  7: public override void SetSession(ISession session) 8: { 9: this.session = session; 10: base.SetSession(session); 11: } 12:  13: public override Object Instantiate(String clazz, EntityMode entityMode, Object id) 14: { 15: Type entityType = Type.GetType(clazz); 16: IProxy proxy = factory.CreateProxy(entityType, new _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor(), typeof(INotifyPropertyChanged)) as IProxy; 17: 18: _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor interceptor = proxy.Interceptor as _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor; 19: interceptor.Proxy = this.session.SessionFactory.GetClassMetadata(entityType).Instantiate(id, entityMode); 20:  21: this.session.SessionFactory.GetClassMetadata(entityType).SetIdentifier(proxy, id, entityMode); 22:  23: return (proxy); 24: } 25: } Then we need a class that implements the NHibernate dynamic proxy behavior, let’s place it inside our interceptor, because it will only need to be used there: 1: class _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor : NHibernate.Proxy.DynamicProxy.IInterceptor 2: { 3: private PropertyChangedEventHandler changed = delegate { }; 4:  5: public Object Proxy 6: { 7: get; 8: set;} 9:  10: #region IInterceptor Members 11:  12: public Object Intercept(InvocationInfo info) 13: { 14: Boolean isSetter = info.TargetMethod.Name.StartsWith("set_") == true; 15: Object result = null; 16:  17: if (info.TargetMethod.Name == "add_PropertyChanged") 18: { 19: PropertyChangedEventHandler propertyChangedEventHandler = info.Arguments[0] as PropertyChangedEventHandler; 20: this.changed += propertyChangedEventHandler; 21: } 22: else if (info.TargetMethod.Name == "remove_PropertyChanged") 23: { 24: PropertyChangedEventHandler propertyChangedEventHandler = info.Arguments[0] as PropertyChangedEventHandler; 25: this.changed -= propertyChangedEventHandler; 26: } 27: else 28: { 29: result = info.TargetMethod.Invoke(this.Proxy, info.Arguments); 30: } 31:  32: if (isSetter == true) 33: { 34: String propertyName = info.TargetMethod.Name.Substring("set_".Length); 35: this.changed(this.Proxy, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); 36: } 37:  38: return (result); 39: } 40:  41: #endregion 42: } What this does for every interceptable method (those who are either virtual or from the INotifyPropertyChanged) is: For methods that came from the INotifyPropertyChanged interface, add_PropertyChanged and remove_PropertyChanged (yes, events are methods ), we add an implementation that adds or removes the event handlers to the delegate which we declared as changed; For all the others, we direct them to the place where they are actually implemented, which is the Proxy field; If the call is setting a property, it fires afterwards the PropertyChanged event. In order to use this, we need to add the interceptor to the Configuration before building the ISessionFactory: 1: using (ISessionFactory factory = cfg.SetInterceptor(new NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor()).BuildSessionFactory()) 2: { 3: using (ISession session = factory.OpenSession()) 4: using (ITransaction tx = session.BeginTransaction()) 5: { 6: Customer customer = session.Get<Customer>(100); //some id 7: INotifyPropertyChanged inpc = customer as INotifyPropertyChanged; 8: inpc.PropertyChanged += delegate(Object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) 9: { 10: //fired when a property changes 11: }; 12: customer.Address = "some other address"; //will raise PropertyChanged 13: customer.RecentOrders.ToList(); //will trigger the lazy loading 14: } 15: } Any problems, questions, do drop me a line!

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  • Juniper SSG-5 subinterface vlan routing to the internet

    - by catfish
    I'm unable to get a brand new Juniper SSG-5 with latest 6.3.0r05 firmware routing to the internet from a subinterface I created on bgroup0 setup as vlan2 (bgroup0.1 on "wifi" zone). When connected on the default vlan it gets on the internet just fine. When I switch to vlan2 I'm unable to get to the internet. I am able to get the correct ip address (10.150.0.0/24) from dhcp, able to get to the juniper management page, etc but nothing past the firewall, can't ping 4.2.2.2 or the internet gateway. Even setting up logging on the wifi-to-untrust policy and it does shows the attempts (it's it's timeouts). 172.31.16.0/24 is the untrusted lan, it's already nat'ed but works fine for testing. Can ping this ip from the default vlan but not from vlan2 192.168.1.0/24 is the trusted main lan 10.150.0.0/24 is the wifi isolated lan on vlan2 The idea is to setup an AP with lan and guest access (AP supports multiple ssid's on different vlans). I know I can setup the juniper to use different ports for the wifi lan and use their procurve switch to do the vlan separation, but I never used vlan'ing on a Juniper firewall and I would like to try it out this way. Here is the complete config file: unset key protection enable set clock timezone -5 set vrouter trust-vr sharable set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" unset auto-route-export exit set alg appleichat enable unset alg appleichat re-assembly enable set alg sctp enable set auth-server "Local" id 0 set auth-server "Local" server-name "Local" set auth default auth server "Local" set auth radius accounting port 1646 set admin name "netscreen" set admin password "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx" set admin auth web timeout 10 set admin auth dial-in timeout 3 set admin auth server "Local" set admin format dos set zone "Trust" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "Untrust" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "DMZ" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "VLAN" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone id 100 "Wifi" set zone "Untrust-Tun" vrouter "trust-vr" set zone "Trust" tcp-rst set zone "Untrust" block unset zone "Untrust" tcp-rst set zone "MGT" block unset zone "V1-Trust" tcp-rst unset zone "V1-Untrust" tcp-rst set zone "DMZ" tcp-rst unset zone "V1-DMZ" tcp-rst unset zone "VLAN" tcp-rst unset zone "Wifi" tcp-rst set zone "Untrust" screen tear-drop set zone "Untrust" screen syn-flood set zone "Untrust" screen ping-death set zone "Untrust" screen ip-filter-src set zone "Untrust" screen land set zone "V1-Untrust" screen tear-drop set zone "V1-Untrust" screen syn-flood set zone "V1-Untrust" screen ping-death set zone "V1-Untrust" screen ip-filter-src set zone "V1-Untrust" screen land set interface "ethernet0/0" zone "Untrust" set interface "ethernet0/1" zone "Untrust" set interface "bgroup0" zone "Trust" set interface "bgroup0.1" tag 2 zone "Wifi" set interface "bgroup1" zone "DMZ" set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/2 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/3 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/4 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/5 set interface bgroup0 port ethernet0/6 unset interface vlan1 ip set interface ethernet0/0 ip 172.31.16.243/24 set interface ethernet0/0 route set interface bgroup0 ip 192.168.1.1/24 set interface bgroup0 nat set interface bgroup0.1 ip 10.150.0.1/24 set interface bgroup0.1 nat set interface bgroup0.1 mtu 1500 unset interface vlan1 bypass-others-ipsec unset interface vlan1 bypass-non-ip set interface ethernet0/0 ip manageable set interface bgroup0 ip manageable set interface bgroup0.1 ip manageable set interface ethernet0/0 manage ping set interface ethernet0/1 manage ping set interface bgroup0.1 manage ping set interface bgroup0.1 manage telnet set interface bgroup0.1 manage web unset interface bgroup1 manage ping set interface bgroup0 dhcp server service set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server service set interface bgroup0 dhcp server auto set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server enable set interface bgroup0 dhcp server option gateway 192.168.1.1 set interface bgroup0 dhcp server option netmask 255.255.255.0 set interface bgroup0 dhcp server option dns1 8.8.8.8 set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server option lease 1440 set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server option gateway 10.150.0.1 set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server option netmask 255.255.255.0 set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server option dns1 8.8.8.8 set interface bgroup0 dhcp server ip 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.126 set interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server ip 10.150.0.50 to 10.150.0.100 unset interface bgroup0 dhcp server config next-server-ip unset interface bgroup0.1 dhcp server config next-server-ip set interface "serial0/0" modem settings "USR" init "AT&F" set interface "serial0/0" modem settings "USR" active set interface "serial0/0" modem speed 115200 set interface "serial0/0" modem retry 3 set interface "serial0/0" modem interval 10 set interface "serial0/0" modem idle-time 10 set flow tcp-mss unset flow no-tcp-seq-check set flow tcp-syn-check unset flow tcp-syn-bit-check set flow reverse-route clear-text prefer set flow reverse-route tunnel always set pki authority default scep mode "auto" set pki x509 default cert-path partial set crypto-policy exit set ike respond-bad-spi 1 set ike ikev2 ike-sa-soft-lifetime 60 unset ike ikeid-enumeration unset ike dos-protection unset ipsec access-session enable set ipsec access-session maximum 5000 set ipsec access-session upper-threshold 0 set ipsec access-session lower-threshold 0 set ipsec access-session dead-p2-sa-timeout 0 unset ipsec access-session log-error unset ipsec access-session info-exch-connected unset ipsec access-session use-error-log set url protocol websense exit set policy id 1 from "Trust" to "Untrust" "Any" "Any" "ANY" permit set policy id 1 exit set policy id 2 from "Wifi" to "Untrust" "Any" "Any" "ANY" permit log set policy id 2 exit set nsmgmt bulkcli reboot-timeout 60 set ssh version v2 set config lock timeout 5 unset license-key auto-update set telnet client enable set snmp port listen 161 set snmp port trap 162 set snmpv3 local-engine id "0162122009006149" set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" unset add-default-route set route 0.0.0.0/0 interface ethernet0/0 gateway 172.31.16.1 exit set vrouter "untrust-vr" exit set vrouter "trust-vr" exit

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  • OT: US Banks: Bank Routing Number and BIC/SWIFT

    - by Konerak
    I know it is a bit offtopic, but I've been having a hard time finding more information to this question, and since this site is visited by a lot of people from the United States, you guys might know/find the answer more easily. Banks in europe each have a SWIFT Number, while US Banks use Routing Numbers. This leads to following questions: Does each bank in the US also carry a BIC number? (SWIFT) Is there a 1-1 relationship between BIC and SWIFT? Is there a list of these numbers somewhere? (background information: we're adding international payments to our bookkeeping application. Users can add international suppliers, but my boss prefered not to change the current supplier table but to have the ROUTING NUMBER in another table, with as PK the BIC. I'm wondering if BIC is a valid choice, or if it should just be BANK ACCOUNT NUMBER.)

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  • Weird routing issue (updated)

    - by smccloud
    I just updated the route tables due to a mistake on my part. I am working on getting networking working correctly on a cluster of 14 virtual servers at a customer site. 11 of them work fine for routing and 3 don't work correctly for their administrative network (172.28.56.0). All are running Windows Web Server 2008R2. Default gateway is set on the production network (172.28.58.0) and not on the administrative network (handled with persistent static routes). On a working server, route print gives me the following (MACs redacted) =========================================================================== Interface List 11...XX XX XX XX XX XX ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Network Connection 13...XX XX XX XX XX XX00 0c 29 85 b2 98 ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Network Connection #2 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 14...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 15...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.11 266 10.18.1.22 255.255.255.255 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.11 11 10.32.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 172.28.34.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 172.28.42.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 172.28.56.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 172.28.56.201 266 172.28.56.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 172.28.56.201 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.56.201 266 172.28.56.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.56.201 266 172.28.58.0 255.255.255.224 On-link 172.28.58.11 266 172.28.58.0 255.255.255.224 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.11 11 172.28.58.1 255.255.255.255 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.11 11 172.28.58.11 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.11 266 172.28.58.31 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.11 266 172.28.60.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 172.28.63.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.201 11 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 172.28.56.201 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 172.28.58.11 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.56.201 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.11 266 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 172.28.56.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.63.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.60.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 10.32.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.34.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.42.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.28.58.1 Default =========================================================================== IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: If Metric Network Destination Gateway 1 306 ::1/128 On-link 1 306 ff00::/8 On-link =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None On one of the non-working server, route print gives me the following (MACs redacted) =========================================================================== Interface List 11...XX XX XX XX XX XX ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Network Connection 13...XX XX XX XX XX XX ......Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Network Connection #2 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 14...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.21 266 10.32.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 172.28.34.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 172.28.42.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 172.28.56.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 172.28.56.211 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.56.211 266 172.28.58.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.58.1 172.28.58.21 11 172.28.58.0 255.255.255.224 On-link 172.28.58.21 266 172.28.58.21 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.21 266 172.28.58.31 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.21 266 172.28.60.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 172.28.63.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 172.28.56.211 11 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 172.28.56.211 266 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 172.28.58.21 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 06 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.56.211 266 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 172.28.58.21 266 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: Network Address Netmask Gateway Address Metric 172.28.56.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.60.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.63.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.34.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 172.28.42.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.56.1 1 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 1 10.32.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.28.56.1 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.28.58.1 Default 172.28.58.0 255.255.255.0 172.28.58.1 1 =========================================================================== IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: If Metric Network Destination Gateway 1 306 ::1/128 On-link 1 306 ff00::/8 On-link =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None I am at a complete loss why the non-working servers have no On-link route for 172.28.56.0. Does anyone have any suggestions on what I should be looking at to figure this out? Also, I do have "physical" access to the console if needed through vSphere Client.

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  • Creating a System.Web.UI.Page programatically in IHTTPHandler

    - by ObiWanKenobi
    I am trying to use the ASP.NET (3.5) "Routing Module" functionality to create custom pages based on the contents of the URL. Various articles, such as this one: http://blogs.msdn.com/mikeormond/archive/2008/05/14/using-asp-net-routing-independent-of-mvc.aspx explain how to use ASP.NET Routing to branch to existing pages on the web server. What I would like to do is create the page on-the-fly using code. My first attempt looks like this: public class SimpleRouteHandler : IRouteHandler { public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler(RequestContext requestContext) { string pageName = requestContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("PageName"); Page myPage = new Page(); myPage.Response.Write("hello " + pageName); return myPage; } } But this throws an HTTPException saying "Response is not available in this context." at the Response.Write statement. Any ideas on how to proceed? UPDATE: In the end, I went with an approach based on IHttpModule, which turned out to be rather easy.

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  • Packets marked by iptables only sent to the correct routing table sometimes

    - by cookiecaper
    I am trying to route packets generated by a specific user out over a VPN. I have this configuration: $ sudo iptables -S -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT -A POSTROUTING -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE $ sudo iptables -S -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P INPUT ACCEPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner guy -j MARK --set-xmark 0xb/0xffffffff $ sudo ip rule show 0: from all lookup local 32765: from all fwmark 0xb lookup 11 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default $ sudo ip route show table 11 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.6 dev tun0 scope link 10.8.0.1 via 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 $ sudo iptables -S -t raw -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner guy -j TRACE -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j TRACE It seems that some sites work fine and use the VPN, but others don't and fall back to the normal interface. This is bad. This is a packet trace that used VPN: Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976052] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:rule:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976105] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:policy:3 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976164] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:rule:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976210] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:policy:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976269] TRACE: nat:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976320] TRACE: filter:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976367] TRACE: mangle:POSTROUTING:policy:1 IN= OUT=tun0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976414] TRACE: nat:POSTROUTING:rule:1 IN= OUT=tun0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb and this is one that didn't: Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662559] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:rule:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662609] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:policy:3 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662664] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:rule:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662709] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:policy:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662761] TRACE: nat:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662808] TRACE: filter:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662855] TRACE: mangle:POSTROUTING:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb I have already tried "ip route flush cache", to no avail. I do not know why the first packet goes through the correct routing table, and the second doesn't. Both are marked. Once again, I do not want ALL packets system-wide to go through the VPN, I only want packets from a specific user (UID=999) to go through the VPN. I am testing ipchicken.com and walmart.com via links, from the same user, same shell. walmart.com appears to use the VPN; ipchicken.com does not. Any help appreciated. Will send 0.5 bitcoins to answerer who makes this fixed.

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