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• Amazon EC2 Socket connection not being accepted

  - by Joseph

  I am trying to run a java application on my EC2 instance. The application accepts socket connections on port 54321. If I try and connect to it, it times out. My Security Group is set as: TCP Port (Service) Source Action 21 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 22 (SSH) 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 80 (HTTP) 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 20393 0.0.0.0/0 Delete 54321 0.0.0.0/0 Delete Is there anything else I need to do? # iptables -nvL Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination # iptables -nvL -t nat Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination #

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• CentOS 5.4: HDD drive support with sector size of 4096 bytes

  - by FractalizeR

  I'm going to replace damaged HDDs in my server with new drives, which have sector size of 4096 bytes instead of 512. Does CentOS natively support such drives? If yes, since which version? If no, what actions should I take to correctly prepare such a drive to work. How to check that such a drive is correctly recognized by OS?

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• How do I recover jegs with zero bytes?

  - by Jill

  I downloaded some wedding photos into my external drive about a month ago. A total of 3 cards were downloaded into 3 different files. The first file lists all of the photos, about 600 images, but they have zero bytes. The other 2 files are fine. I can't recover the compact flash card because I have used it too many times since then. Is there any way to recover the images on my drive?

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• How do I recover JPEGs with zero bytes?

  - by Jill

  I downloaded some wedding photos into my external drive about a month ago. A total of 3 cards were downloaded into 3 different files. The first file lists all of the photos, about 600 images, but they have zero bytes. The other 2 files are fine. I can't recover the compact flash card because I have used it too many times since then. Is there any way to recover the images on my drive?

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• ?Oracle????SELECT????UNDO

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ????????Oracle?????(dirty read),?Oracle??????Asktom????????Oracle???????, ???undo??????????(before image)??????Consistent, ???????????????Oracle????????????? ????????? ??,??,Oracle?????????????RDBMS,???????????? ?????????2?????: _offline_rollback_segments or _corrupted_rollback_segments ?2?????????Oracle???????????ORA-600[4XXX]???????????????,???2??????Undo??Corruption????????????,?????2????????????????? ??????????????_offline_rollback_segments ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ?2?????: ???????(FORCE OPEN DATABASE) ????????????(consistent read & delayed block cleanout) ??????rollback segment??? ?????:???????Oracle????????,??????????2?????,?????????????!! _offline_rollback_segments ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ???????????: ??2???????Undo Segments(???/???)????????online ?UNDO$???????????OFFLINE??? ???instance??????????????????? ??????Undo Segments????????active transaction????????????dead??SMON???(????????SMON??(?):Recover Dead transaction) _OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS(offline undo segment list)????(hidden parameter)?????: ???startup???open database???????_OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????Undo segments(???/???),?????undo segments????????alert.log???TRACE?????,???????startup?? ?????????????,?ITL?????undo segments?: ???undo segments?transaction table?????????????????? ???????????commit,?????CR??? ????undo segments????(???corrupted??,???missed??)???????????alert.log,??????? ?DML?????????????????????????????????CPU,????????????????????? _CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS(corrupted undo segment list)??????????: ?????startup?open database???_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????undo segments(???/???)???????? ???????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS???undo segments????????????commit,???undo segments???drop??? ??????????? ??????????????????,?????????????????? ??bootstrap???????????,?????????ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure??,???????????(???Oracle????:??ORA-00600:[4000] ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure????) ??????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????????????????????,??????????????? Oracle???????TXChecker??????????? ???????2?????,??????????????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS?????SELECT????UNDO???????: SQL> alter system set event= '10513 trace name context forever, level 2' scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> alter system set "_in_memory_undo"=false scope=spfile; System altered. 10513 level 2 event????SMON ??rollback ??? dead transaction _in_memory_undo ?? in memory undo ?? SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3140026368 bytes Fixed Size 2232472 bytes Variable Size 1795166056 bytes Database Buffers 1325400064 bytes Redo Buffers 17227776 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. session A: SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> create table maclean tablespace users as select 1 t1 from dual connect by level exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('','MACLEAN'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 recursive calls 0 db block gets 3 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processe ???????????,????current block, ????????,consistent gets??3? SQL> update maclean set t1=0; 501 rows updated. SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. ??session A?commit; ???? session: SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 505 consistent gets 0 physical reads 108 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ?????? ?????????undo??CR?,???consistent gets??? 505 [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ ps -ef|grep LOCAL=YES |grep -v grep oracle 5841 5839 0 09:17 ? 00:00:00 oracleG10R25 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq))) [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ kill -9 5841 ??session A???Server Process????,???dead transaction ????smon?? select ktuxeusn, to_char(sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') "Time", ktuxesiz, ktuxesta from x$ktuxe where ktuxecfl = 'DEAD'; KTUXEUSN Time KTUXESIZ KTUXESTA ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- 2 06-AUG-2012 09:20:45 7 ACTIVE ???1?active rollback segment SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 411 consistent gets 0 physical reads 108 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ????? ????kill?? ???smon ??dead transaction , ???????????? ?????undo??????? ????active?rollback segment??? SQL> select segment_name from dba_rollback_segs where segment_id=2; SEGMENT_NAME ------------------------------ _SYSSMU2$ SQL> alter system set "_corrupted_rollback_segments"='_SYSSMU2$' scope=spfile; System altered. ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ?? ???2?rollback segment, ????????undo SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3140026368 bytes Fixed Size 2232472 bytes Variable Size 1795166056 bytes Database Buffers 1325400064 bytes Redo Buffers 17227776 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 94 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 228 recursive calls 0 db block gets 29 consistent gets 5 physical reads 116 redo size 514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 4 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed SQL> / SUM(T1) ---------- 94 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 3 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ?????? consistent gets???3,?????????????????,??ITL???UNDO SEGMENTS?_corrupted_rollback_segments????,???????????COMMIT??,????UNDO? ???????,?????????????????????????(????????????????????),????????????????? ???? , ?????

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• With Go, how to append unknown number of byte into a vector and get a slice of bytes?

  - by Stephen Hsu

  I'm trying to encode a large number to a list of bytes(uint8 in Go). The number of bytes is unknown, so I'd like to use vector. But Go doesn't provide vector of byte, what can I do? And is it possible to get a slice of such a byte vector? I intends to implement data compression. Instead of store small and large number with the same number of bytes, I'm implements a variable bytes that uses less bytes with small number and more bytes with large number. My code can not compile, invalid type assertion: 1 package main 2 3 import ( 4 //"fmt" 5 "container/vector" 6 ) 7 8 func vbEncodeNumber(n uint) []byte{ 9 bytes := new(vector.Vector) 10 for { 11 bytes.Push(n % 128) 12 if n < 128 { 13 break 14 } 15 n /= 128 16 } 17 bytes.Set(bytes.Len()-1, bytes.Last().(byte)+byte(128)) 18 return bytes.Data().([]byte) // <- 19 } 20 21 func main() { vbEncodeNumber(10000) } I wish to writes a lot of such code into binary file, so I wish the func can return byte array. I haven't find a code example on vector.

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• C++ struct containing unsigned char and int bug

  - by powerfear

  Ok i have a struct in my C++ program that is like this: struct thestruct { unsigned char var1; unsigned char var2; unsigned char var3[2]; unsigned char var4; unsigned char var5[8]; int var6; unsigned char var7[4]; }; When i use this struct, 3 random bytes get added before the "var6", if i delete "var5" it's still before "var6" so i know it's always before the "var6". But if i remove the "var6" then the 3 extra bytes are gone. If i only use a struct with a int in it, there is no extra bytes. So there seem to be a conflict between the unsigned char and the int, how can i fix that?

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• The volume "filesystem root" has only 0 bytes disk space remaining?

  - by radek

  I installed 11.10 ~two weeks ago and run into some strange troubles recently. Installation was on brand new laptop with clear 128GB SSD. I opted for encrypting home directory. Apart from that I accepted defaults during the installation. There is no other OS on my laptop. I had circa 40GB in use when (for the third time) I got to see this very unpleasant window: Twice situation was pretty bad and whole system slowed down considerably. After reboot I could not login to graphical interface (with an error message informing about insufficient space) and had to remove some files from command line first. Third time I still managed to quickly delete some files and it helped. My laptop is mainly work environment: so no torrents, games, just two movies. Only media filling space are ~20GB of pictures, and bunch of pdfs. Working mostly on PostgreSQL & PostGIS, GeoServer and QGIS recently. Although I had lots of opportunities to test and practice my backups I would be extremely grateful if somebody could point me to any potential solutions to this problem. My laptop has been bought just before I installed Ubuntu, and it came without OS. Could that be hardware issue? Or is the encrypted home causing me headaches? Thanks for help! Update: As suggested by @maniat1k, here is current output of fdisk -l: WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 312581807 156290903+ ee GPT

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• Getting size of a specific byte array from an array of pointers to bytes

  - by Pat James

  In the following example c code, used in an Arduino project, I am looking for the ability to get the size of a specific byte array within an array of pointers to bytes, for example void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // for debugging byte zero[] = {8, 169, 8, 128, 2,171,145,155,141,177,187,187,2,152,2,8,134,199}; byte one[] = {8, 179, 138, 138, 177 ,2,146, 8, 134, 8, 194,2,1,14,199,7, 145, 8,131, 8,158,8,187,187,191}; byte two[] = {29,7,1,8, 169, 8, 128, 2,171,145,155,141,177,187,187,2,152,2,8,134,199, 2, 2, 8, 179, 138, 138, 177 ,2,146, 8, 134, 8, 194,2,1,14,199,7, 145, 8,131, 8,158,8,187,187,191}; byte* numbers[3] = {zero, one, two }; function(numbers[1], sizeof(numbers[1])/sizeof(byte)); //doesn't work as desired, always passes 2 as the length function(numbers[1], 25); //this works } void loop() { } void function( byte arr[], int len ) { Serial.print("length: "); Serial.println(len); for (int i=0; i<len; i++){ Serial.print("array element "); Serial.print(i); Serial.print(" has value "); Serial.println((int)arr[i]); } } In this code, I understand that sizeof(numbers1)/sizeof(byte)) doesn't work because numbers1 is a pointer and not the byte array value. Is there a way in this example that I can, at runtime, get at the length of a specific (runtime-determined) byte array within an array of pointers to bytes? Understand that I am limited to developing in c (or assembly) for an Arduino environment. Also open to other suggestions rather than the array of pointers to bytes. The overall objective is to organize lists of bytes which can be retrieved, with length, at runtime.

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• Increase samba space on open suse 12.1

  - by Kapil Sharma

  I know linux basics but not an expert. IT guy left the job here and there is some time before new hire. So sorry if question is very basic. We have local testing server based on Open SUSE 12.1, which also act as shared drive between dev/mgmt team here and using Samba for that. Now we are running out of space on samba, even though server's 2*1TB harddisk is nearly 90% free. My question is, what is limiting Samba and how can I increase its limit? We need around at least 500 GB as shared drive but currently its just 25 GB. I don't need step by step answer, just a link to any helpful article would be sufficient. Probably I'm putting wrong keywords in google so not getting any helpful link. EDIT: Output of commands in the first comment. All commands were run as root user df -h (getting error with df -ht) Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 30G 5.1G 23G 19% / devtmpfs 2.0G 36K 2.0G 1% /dev tmpfs 2.0G 1.1M 2.0G 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 2.0G 676K 2.0G 1% /run /dev/sda2 30G 5.1G 23G 19% / tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 2.0G 676K 2.0G 1% /var/run tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /media tmpfs 2.0G 676K 2.0G 1% /var/lock /dev/sda3 36G 31G 3.3G 91% /home fdisk -l /dev/[hmsv]d* Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x2d4a2d49 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 16771071 8384512 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 * 16771072 79681535 31455232 83 Linux /dev/sda3 79681536 156301311 38309888 83 Linux Disk /dev/sda1: 8585 MB, 8585740288 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1043 cylinders, total 16769024 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sda2: 32.2 GB, 32210157568 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3915 cylinders, total 62910464 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Disk /dev/sda3: 39.2 GB, 39229325312 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4769 cylinders, total 76619776 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda3 doesn't contain a valid partition table vgs No volume groups found lvs No volume groups found output of vi /etc/samba/smb.conf # smb.conf is the main Samba configuration file. You find a full commented # version at /usr/share/doc/packages/samba/examples/smb.conf.SUSE if the # samba-doc package is installed. # Date: 2011-11-02 [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP passdb backend = tdbsam printing = cups printcap name = cups printcap cache time = 750 cups options = raw map to guest = Bad User include = /etc/samba/dhcp.conf logon path = \\%L\profiles\.msprofile logon home = \\%L\%U\.9xprofile logon drive = P: usershare allow guests = Yes [homes] comment = Home Directories valid users = %S, %D%w%S browseable = No read only = No inherit acls = Yes [profiles] comment = Network Profiles Service path = %H read only = No store dos attributes = Yes create mask = 0600 directory mask = 0700 [users] comment = All users path = /home read only = No inherit acls = Yes veto files = /aquota.user/groups/shares/ [groups] comment = All groups path = /home/groups read only = No inherit acls = Yes [printers] comment = All Printers path = /var/tmp printable = Yes create mask = 0600 browseable = No [print$] comment = Printer Drivers path = /var/lib/samba/drivers write list = @ntadmin root force group = ntadmin create mask = 0664 directory mask = 0775 [allusers] comment = All Users path = /home/shares/allusers valid users = @users force group = users create mask = 0660 directory mask = 0771 writable = yes

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• Setup access to SAS RAID drives with NTFS partitions on CentOS Machine

  - by Quanano

  We have a Dell Poweredge 2900 system with Adaptec 39320A SCSI CONTROLLER CARD and 4 SAS hard drives attached, with NTFS partitions on them. We installed CentOS on the other raid array with a different controller and it is working fine. We are now trying to access the drives shown above and they are not being shown in /dev as sdb, etc. sda is the drive that we installed centos on and it has sda1, sda2, sda3, etc. The CDROM has been picked up as well. If I scan for scsi devices then the perc and adaptec controllers are both found. sg0 is the CDROM and sg2 is the centos installed, however I think sg1 is the other drive but I cannot see anyway to mount the partitions, as only the drive is listed in /dev. Thanks. EXTRA INFO fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 72.7 GB, 72746008576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8844 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x11e3119f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 8845 70528000 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root: 34.4 GB, 34431041536 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4186 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap: 21.1 GB, 21139292160 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2570 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_swap doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home: 16.6 GB, 16647192576 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2023 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_lal2server-lv_home doesn't contain a valid partition table These are all from the install hdd not the additional hard drives modprobe a320raid FATAL: Module a320raid not found. lsscsi -v [0:0:0:0] cd/dvd TSSTcorp CDRWDVD TS-H492C DE02 /dev/sr0 dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/0:0:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.1/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0] [4:0:10:0] enclosu DP BACKPLANE 1.05 - dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:0:10:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:0:10/4:0:10:0] [4:2:0:0] disk DELL PERC 5/i 1.03 /dev/sda dir: /sys/bus/scsi/devices/4:2:0:0 [/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000:01:00.0/0000:02:0e.0/host4/target4:2:0/4:2:0:0] . lsmod Module Size Used by fuse 66285 0 des_generic 16604 0 ecb 2209 0 md4 3461 0 nls_utf8 1455 0 cifs 278370 0 autofs4 26888 4 ipt_REJECT 2383 0 ip6t_REJECT 4628 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6 8748 2 nf_defrag_ipv6 12182 1 nf_conntrack_ipv6 xt_state 1492 2 nf_conntrack 79453 2 nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state ip6table_filter 2889 1 ip6_tables 19458 1 ip6table_filter ipv6 322029 31 ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6 bnx2 79618 0 ses 6859 0 enclosure 8395 1 ses dcdbas 9219 0 serio_raw 4818 0 sg 30124 0 iTCO_wdt 13662 0 iTCO_vendor_support 3088 1 iTCO_wdt i5000_edac 8867 0 edac_core 46773 3 i5000_edac i5k_amb 5105 0 shpchp 33482 0 ext4 364410 3 mbcache 8144 1 ext4 jbd2 88738 1 ext4 sd_mod 39488 3 crc_t10dif 1541 1 sd_mod sr_mod 16228 0 cdrom 39771 1 sr_mod megaraid_sas 77090 2 aic79xx 129492 0 scsi_transport_spi 26151 1 aic79xx pata_acpi 3701 0 ata_generic 3837 0 ata_piix 22846 0 radeon 1023359 1 ttm 70328 1 radeon drm_kms_helper 33236 1 radeon drm 230675 3 radeon,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 5762 1 radeon i2c_core 31276 4 radeon,drm_kms_helper,drm,i2c_algo_bit dm_mirror 14101 0 dm_region_hash 12170 1 dm_mirror dm_log 10122 2 dm_mirror,dm_region_hash dm_mod 81500 11 dm_mirror,dm_log

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• Is Private Bytes >> Working Set normal?

  - by Jacob

  OK, this may sound weird, but here goes. There are 2 computers, A (Pentium D) and B (Quad Core) with almost the same amount of RAM running Windows XP. If I run the same code on both computers, the allocated private bytes in A never goes down resulting in a crash later on. In B it looks like the private bytes is constantly deallocated and everything looks fine. In both computers, the working set is deallocated and allocated similarly. Could this be an issue with manifests or DLLs (system)? I'm clueless. Also, I compiled the executable on A and ran it on B and it worked. Note: I observed the utilized memory with Process Explorer. Question: During execution (where we have several allocations and deallocations) is it normal for the number of private bytes to be much bigger (1.5 GB vs 70 MB) than the working set?

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• Converting raw bytes into audio sound

  - by Afro Genius

  In my application I inherit a javastreamingaudio class from the freeTTS package then bypass the write method which sends an array of bytes to the SourceDataLine for audio processing. Instead of writing to the data line, I write this and subsequent byte arrays into a buffer which I then bring into my class and try to process into sound. My application processes sound as arrays of floats so I convert to float and try to process but always get static sound back. I am sure this is the way to go but am missing something along the way. I know that sound is processed as frames and each frame is a group of bytes so in my application I have to process the bytes into frames somehow. Am I looking at this the right way? Thanx in advance for any help.

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• printf field width : bytes or chars?

  - by leonbloy

  The printf/fprintf/sprintf family supports a width field in its format specifier. I have a doubt for the case of (non-wide) char arrays arguments: Is the width field supposed to mean bytes or characters? What is the (correct-de facto) behaviour if the char array corresponds to (say) a raw UTF-8 string? (I know that normally I should use some wide char type, that's not the point) For example, in char s[] = "ni\xc3\xb1o"; // utf8 encoded "niño" fprintf(f,"%5s",s); Is that function supposed to try to ouput just 5 bytes (plain C chars) (and you take responsability of misalignments or other problems if two bytes results in a textual characters) ? Or is it supposed to try to compute the length of "textual characters" of the array? (decodifying it... according to the current locale?) (in the example, this would amount to find out that the string has 4 unicode chars, so it would add a space for padding).

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• Android PCM Bytes

  - by Pintac

  Hi I am using the AudioRecord class to analize raw pcm bytes as it comes in the mic. So thats working nicely. Now i need convert the pcm bytes into decibel. I have a formula that takes sound presure in Pa into db. db = 20 * log10(Pa/ref Pa) So the question is the bytes i am getting from audiorecorder from the buffer what is it is it amplitude pascal sound pressure or what. I tried to putting the value into te formula but it comes back with very hight db so i do not think its right thanks

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• Compression Array of Bytes

  - by Pedro Magalhaes

  Hi, My problem is: I want to store a array of bytes in compressed file, and then I want to read it with a good performance. So I create a array of bytes then pass to a ZLIB algorithm then store it in the file. For my surprise the algorithm doesn't work well., probably because the array is a random sample. Using this approach, it will will be ber easy to read. Just copy the stream to memory, decompress them and copy it to a array of bytes. But i need to compress the file. Do I have to use a algorithm, like RLE, for compresse the byte array? I think that I can store the byte array like a string and then compress it. But i think I am going to have a poor performance on reading data. Sorry for my poor english. Thanks

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• Read a file with 2048 bytes

  - by Suresh S

  Guys i have a file which has only one line. The file has no encoding it is a simple text file with single line. For every 2048 byte in a line , there is new record of 151 byte (totally 13*151 byte = 1945 records + 85 byte empty space). similarly for the next 2048 bytes. What is the best file i/o to use? i am thinking of reading 2048 bytes from file and storing it in an array . while (offset < fileLength &&(numRead=in.read(recordChunks, offset,alength)) >= 0) { } how can i get from the read statement only 2048 bytes at a time . i am getting IndexOutofBoundException.

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• mysql varchar innodb page size limit 8100 bytes

  - by David19801

  Hi, Regarding innodb, someone recently told me: "the varchar content beyond 768 bytes is stored in supplemental 16K pages" This is very interesting. If each varchar will be latin1, which I believe stores as 1byte per letter, would a single varchar(500) (<768 bytes) require an extra i/o as a varchar(1000) (768 bytes) would?? (this question is to find out if all varchars or just big varchars are split into a separate page) Is the 768 limit per varchar or for all varchars in the row added together? (for example, does this get optimized - varchar(300), varchar(300), varchar(300): [where each individual varchar column is below 768 but together they are above 768 characters]? I am confused about if the 768 limit relates to each individual varchar or all varchars in the row totaled (as in the question). Any clarification? EDIT: Removed part about CHARS due to finding out about their limit of 255 max.

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• Is Private Bytes >> Working Set?

  - by Jacob

  OK, this may sound weird, but here goes. There are 2 computers, A (Pentium D) and B (Quad Core) with almost the same amount of RAM running Windows XP. If I run the same code on both computers, the allocated private bytes in A never goes down resulting in a crash later on. In B it looks like the private bytes is constantly deallocated and everything looks fine. In both computers, the working set is deallocated and allocated similarly. Could this be an issue with manifests or DLLs (system)? I'm clueless. Note: I observed the utilized memory with Process Explorer. Question: During execution (where we have several allocations and deallocations) is it normal for the number of private bytes to be much bigger (1.5 GB vs 70 MB) than the working set?

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• Grub 'Read Error' - Only Loads with LiveCD

  - by Ryan Sharp

  Problem After installing Ubuntu to complete my Windows 7/Ubuntu 12.04 dual-boot setup, Grub just wouldn't load at all unless I boot from the LiveCD. Afterwards, everything works completely normal. However, this workaround isn't a solution and I'd like to be able to boot without the aid of a disc. Fdisk -l Using the fdisk -l command, I am given the following: Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders, total 125045424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x324971d1 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 208896 48957439 24374272 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 * 48959486 124067839 37554177 5 Extended /dev/sda5 48959488 124067839 37554176 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc0ee6a69 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1024208894 1953523711 464657409 5 Extended /dev/sdb3 * 2048 1024206847 512102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdb5 1024208896 1937897471 456844288 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 1937899520 1953523711 7812096 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order Disk /dev/sdc: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x292eee23 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 2048 625141759 312569856 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Bootinfoscript I've used the BootInfoScript, and received the following output: Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive. => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive. => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Boot files: sdb6: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sdb3 starts at sector 200744960. But according to the info from fdisk, sdb3 starts at sector 2048. According to the info in the boot sector, sdb3 has 823461887 sectors, but according to the info from fdisk, it has 1024204799 sectors. Operating System: Boot files: sdc1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders, total 125045424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 2,048 206,847 204,800 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 208,896 48,957,439 48,748,544 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 * 48,959,486 124,067,839 75,108,354 5 Extended /dev/sda5 48,959,488 124,067,839 75,108,352 83 Linux Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 1,024,208,894 1,953,523,711 929,314,818 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 1,024,208,896 1,937,897,471 913,688,576 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 1,937,899,520 1,953,523,711 15,624,192 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 * 2,048 1,024,206,847 1,024,204,800 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS Drive: sdc _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdc: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 2,048 625,141,759 625,139,712 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/sda1 A48056DF8056B80E ntfs System Reserved /dev/sda2 A8C6D6A4C6D671D4 ntfs Windows /dev/sda5 fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd ext4 /dev/sdb3 6373D03D0A3747A8 ntfs Steam /dev/sdb5 6f5a6eb3-a932-45aa-893e-045b57708270 ext4 /dev/sdb6 469848c8-867a-41b7-b0e1-b813a43c64af swap /dev/sdc1 725D7B961CF34B1B ntfs backup ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sda5 / ext4 (rw,noatime,nodiratime,discard,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sdb5 /home ext4 (rw) =========================== sda5/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_GB insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-29-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic root=UUID=fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-29-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-29-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic root=UUID=fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root A48056DF8056B80E chainloader +1 } menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos2)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root A8C6D6A4C6D671D4 chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda5/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=fd71c537-3715-44e1-b1fe-07537e22b3dd / ext4 noatime,nodiratime,discard,errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /home was on /dev/sdb5 during installation UUID=6f5a6eb3-a932-45aa-893e-045b57708270 /home ext4 defaults 0 2 # swap was on /dev/sdb6 during installation UUID=469848c8-867a-41b7-b0e1-b813a43c64af none swap sw 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda5: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) = boot/grub/core.img 1 = boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 = boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic 2 = boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic 1 = initrd.img 2 = vmlinuz 1 ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown BootLoader on sda3 00000000 63 6f 70 69 61 20 65 20 63 6f 6c 61 41 63 65 64 |copia e colaAced| 00000010 65 72 20 61 20 74 6f 64 6f 20 6f 20 74 65 78 74 |er a todo o text| 00000020 6f 20 66 61 6c 61 64 6f 20 75 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 |o falado utiliza| 00000030 6e 64 6f 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 76 65 72 73 c3 a3 6f |ndo a convers..o| 00000040 20 64 65 20 74 65 78 74 6f 20 70 61 72 61 20 76 | de texto para v| 00000050 6f 7a 4d 61 6e 69 70 75 6c 61 72 20 61 73 20 64 |ozManipular as d| 00000060 65 66 69 6e 69 c3 a7 c3 b5 65 73 20 71 75 65 20 |efini....es que | 00000070 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c 61 6d 20 6f 20 61 63 65 73 |controlam o aces| 00000080 73 6f 20 64 65 20 57 65 62 73 69 74 65 73 20 61 |so de Websites a| 00000090 20 63 6f 6f 6b 69 65 73 2c 20 4a 61 76 61 53 63 | cookies, JavaSc| 000000a0 72 69 70 74 20 65 20 70 6c 75 67 2d 69 6e 73 4d |ript e plug-insM| 000000b0 61 6e 69 70 75 6c 61 72 20 61 73 20 64 65 66 69 |anipular as defi| 000000c0 6e 69 c3 a7 c3 b5 65 73 20 72 65 6c 61 63 69 6f |ni....es relacio| 000000d0 6e 61 64 61 73 20 63 6f 6d 20 70 72 69 76 61 63 |nadas com privac| 000000e0 69 64 61 64 65 41 63 65 64 65 72 20 61 6f 73 20 |idadeAceder aos | 000000f0 73 65 75 73 20 70 65 72 69 66 c3 a9 72 69 63 6f |seus perif..rico| 00000100 73 20 55 53 42 55 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 72 20 6f 20 |s USBUtilizar o | 00000110 73 65 75 20 6d 69 63 72 6f 66 6f 6e 65 55 74 69 |seu microfoneUti| 00000120 6c 69 7a 61 72 20 61 20 73 75 61 20 63 c3 a2 6d |lizar a sua c..m| 00000130 61 72 61 55 74 69 6c 69 7a 61 72 20 6f 20 73 65 |araUtilizar o se| 00000140 75 20 6d 69 63 72 6f 66 6f 6e 65 20 65 20 61 20 |u microfone e a | 00000150 63 c3 a2 6d 61 72 61 4e c3 a3 6f 20 66 6f 69 20 |c..maraN..o foi | 00000160 70 6f 73 73 c3 ad 76 65 6c 20 65 6e 63 6f 6e 74 |poss..vel encont| 00000170 72 61 72 20 6f 20 63 61 6d 69 6e 68 6f 20 61 62 |rar o caminho ab| 00000180 73 6f 6c 75 74 6f 20 70 61 72 61 20 6f 20 64 69 |soluto para o di| 00000190 72 65 63 74 c3 b3 72 69 6f 20 61 20 65 6d 70 61 |rect..rio a empa| 000001a0 63 6f 74 61 72 2e 4f 20 64 69 72 65 63 74 c3 b3 |cotar.O direct..| 000001b0 72 69 6f 20 64 65 20 65 6e 74 72 61 64 61 00 fe |rio de entrada..| 000001c0 ff ff 83 fe ff ff 02 00 00 00 00 10 7a 04 00 00 |............z...| 000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in Begging / Appreciation ;) If anything else is required to solve my problem, please ask. My only hopes are that I can solve this, and that doing so won't require re-installation of Grub due to how complicated the procedures are, or that I would be needed to reinstall the OS', as I have done so about six times already since friday due to several other issues I've encountered. Thank you, and good day. System Ubuntu 12.04 64-bit / Windows 7 SP1 64-bit 64GB SSD as boot/OS drive, 1TB HDD as /Home Swap and Steam drive.

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• Know more about shared pool subpool

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ????T.askmaclean.com???Shared Pool?SubPool?????,????????_kghdsidx_count ? subpool ??subpool????( ???duration)???: SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production CORE    10.2.0.5.0      Production TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production SQL> set linesize 200 pagesize 1400 SQL> show parameter kgh NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------ _kghdsidx_count                      integer                          7 SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 536870914; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11783.trc [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11783.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036110 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(1,0)"   desc=0x60036110 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f938 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(2,0)"   desc=0x6003f938 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(3,0)"  desc=0x60049160 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(3,0)"   desc=0x60049160 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(4,0)"  desc=0x60052988 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(4,0)"   desc=0x60052988 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(5,0)"  desc=0x6005c1b0 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(5,0)"   desc=0x6005c1b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(6,0)"  desc=0x600659d8 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(6,0)"   desc=0x600659d8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(7,0)"  desc=0x6006f200 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(7,0)"   desc=0x6006f200 SQL> alter system set "_kghdsidx_count"=6 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  859832320 bytes Fixed Size                  2100104 bytes Variable Size             746587256 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 536870914; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11908.trc [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11908.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360f0 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(1,0)"   desc=0x600360f0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f918 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(2,0)"   desc=0x6003f918 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(3,0)"  desc=0x60049140 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(3,0)"   desc=0x60049140 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(4,0)"  desc=0x60052968 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(4,0)"   desc=0x60052968 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(5,0)"  desc=0x6005c190 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(5,0)"   desc=0x6005c190 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(6,0)"  desc=0x600659b8 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(6,0)"   desc=0x600659b8 SQL> SQL> alter system set "_kghdsidx_count"=2 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  851443712 bytes Fixed Size                  2100040 bytes Variable Size             738198712 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12003.trc [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12003.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f8d SQL> alter system set cpu_count=16 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  851443712 bytes Fixed Size                  2100040 bytes Variable Size             738198712 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL>  oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12065.trc [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12065.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f8d8 SQL> show parameter sga_target NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------ sga_target                           big integer                      0 SQL> alter system set sga_target=1000M scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> alter system set sga_target=1000M scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> SQL> SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL>  oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12148.trc SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12148.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036690 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,1)"  desc=0x60037ee8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,2)"  desc=0x60039740 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,3)"  desc=0x6003af98 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003feb8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,1)"  desc=0x60041710 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,2)"  desc=0x60042f68 _enable_shared_pool_durations:?????????10g????shared pool duration??,?????sga_target?0?????false; ???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time???true??????false,???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time????? SQL> alter system set "_enable_shared_pool_durations"=false scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12233.trc SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options\ [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"   /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12233.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036690 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003feb8 ??:1._kghdsidx_count ??? shared pool subpool???, _kghdsidx_count???????7 ??? 7? shared pool subpool 2.??????? subpool???4? sub partition ?: sga heap(1,0) sga heap(1,1) sga heap(1,2) sga heap(1,3) ????? cpu??? ?????_kghdsidx_count, ???? ?10g ?AUTO SGA ??? shared pool duration???, duration ??4?: Session duration Instance duration (never freed) Execution duration (freed fastest) Free memory ??? shared pool duration???? ?10gR1?Shared Pool?shrink??????????,?????????????Buffer Cache???????????granule,????Buffer Cache?granule????granule header?Metadata(???buffer header??RAC??Lock Elements)????,?????????????????????shared pool????????duration(?????)?chunk??????granule?,????????????granule??10gR2????Buffer Cache Granule????????granule header?buffer?Metadata(buffer header?LE)????,??shared pool???duration?chunk????????granule,??????buffer cache?shared pool??????????????10gr2?streams pool?????????(???????streams pool duration????) reference : http://www.oracledatabase12g.com/archives/understanding-automatic-sga-memory-management.html

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• Measuring 'total bytes written' under Linux

  - by badnews

  We're quite interested in exploring the possibility of using SSD drives in a server environment. However, one thing that we need to establish is expected drive longevity. According to this article manufacturer's are reporting drive endurance in terms of 'total bytes written' (TBW). E.g. from that article a Crucial C400 SSD is rated at 72TB TBW. Do any scripts/tools exist under the Linux ecosystem to help us measure TBW? (and then make a more educated decision on the feasibility of using SSD drives)

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• Error 2020: Got packet bigger than 'max_allowed_packet' bytes when dumping table

  - by Imagineer

  I'm getting the above mentioned error when backing up with ZRM, which is using mysqldump for backup. mysqldump --opt --extended-insert --single-transaction --create-options --default-character-set=utf8 --user=" " -p --all-databases "/nfs/backup/mysql01/dailyrun/20091216043001/backup.sql" mysqldump: Error 2020: Got packet bigger than 'max_allowed_packet' bytes when dumping table TICKET_ATTACHMENT at row: 2286 I have increased the size for 'max_allowed_packet' to be 1G in /etc/my.cnf which is the server setting and for the client side setting I've set it by running this command: mysql -u -p --max_allowed_packet=1G And I have verified that on the client and server side they are of the same value. This is to check the client side value according to this forum posting http://forums.mysql.com/read.php?35,75794,261640 mysql SELECT @@MAX_ALLOWED_PACKET - ; +----------------------+ | @@MAX_ALLOWED_PACKET | +----------------------+ | 1073741824 | +----------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) And this is the check the server value setting. mysql SHOW VARIABLES | max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 | I have ran out of ideas, and tried searching within expert exchange and googling for solutions but so far none has worked. Reference http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/packet-too-large.html Anyone please advise, thank you.

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• Why does a pdf file download result in varying bytes logged, all with sc-status 200

  - by Pat James

  I have a mojoportal CMS installation on an IIS7 server where users are reporting problems downloading a pdf file. It always downloads fine for me and most others, either displaying in browser or in Adobe Reader. Using logparser to query the IIS logs, all the responses are status 200 (OK) or 304 (Not modified), but the bytes sent vary quite a bit. Sometimes zero, some 211, some about half the full file size of 27059, and lots in between. Plenty show the full size of 27059. Do these other entries for smaller byte counts represent errors of some kind, correlating with the problems reported? Is this likely to be a browser/client issue or a server side problem? If there is any other info that would be helpful let me know. This is a shared hosting server though so I am somewhat limited in what I can dig into on the server.

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• Terrible ping time with TP-Link wireless router

  - by rabbid

  I am literally a foot away from this useless TL-WR340G/TL-WR340GD router and check out this ping time: 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=291 ttl=64 time=9477.516 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=292 ttl=64 time=8954.423 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=293 ttl=64 time=8262.836 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=294 ttl=64 time=7937.853 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=295 ttl=64 time=7517.768 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=296 ttl=64 time=7106.063 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=297 ttl=64 time=6492.109 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=298 ttl=64 time=5835.305 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=299 ttl=64 time=5314.897 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=300 ttl=64 time=4902.705 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=301 ttl=64 time=4716.959 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=302 ttl=64 time=5224.450 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=303 ttl=64 time=5024.079 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=304 ttl=64 time=5044.100 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=305 ttl=64 time=4477.990 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=306 ttl=64 time=3582.432 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.1.8: icmp_seq=307 ttl=64 time=2911.896 ms At this time mine is the only computer using the router. This happens from time to time. I'd restart the router, and then it'll have a 1-2 ms ping for a while, and then back to terrible ping. Is it just a poor quality router? Suggestions? Thank you

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