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  • Operations on bytes in C#

    - by Hooch
    Hello. I'm writing application to control LEDS on LPT. I have everything working except this. This is one small function. I have sth like that: I want to build function that will take two argument and return one number: In actual code those binary numers will be in hex. I put them there like that so that it's easier for you to visualize it. Example1: arg1 = 1100 1100 arg2 = 1001 0001 retu = 0100 1100 Example2: arg1 = 1111 1111 arg2 = 0001 0010 retu = 1110 1101 Example3: arg1 = 1111 0000 arg2 = 0010 0010 retu = 1101 0000 I have no idea how this function should look like. I want it to be as fast as possible. I'll call this function 200 times per second.

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  • Reading bytes from JavaScript string

    - by Jan
    I have a string containing binary data in JS. Now I want to read, for example, an integer from it. So I get the first 4 characters, use charCodeAt, do some shifting etc. to get an integer. Problem is that strings in JS are UTF-16 (instead of ASCII) and charCodeAt often returns values higher than 256. The Mozilla reference states that "The first 128 Unicode code points are a direct match of the ASCII character encoding." (what about ASCII values 128?) How can I convert the result of charCodeAt to an ASCII value? Or is there a better way to convert a string of four characters to a 4 byte integer?

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  • How big in bytes is a DataRow

    - by JeffreyABecker
    I have a one-time process (hashing all our user passwords) written using datasets. The performance needs improvement so we've profiled the application and found that increasing the 'batch size' of the update will improve performance. I also know that if I load the entire data set into memory the application will start hitting swap and slow down. The question is: how big is a System.Data.DataRow derived class? I'd like to calculate a batch size which I know won't force the application into swap.

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  • DWORD to bytes using bitwise shift operators

    - by Dave18
    I can't get it to work correctly. #include <windows.h> int main() { DWORD i = 6521; BYTE first = i >> 32; BYTE second = i >> 24; BYTE third = i >> 16; BYTE fourth = i >> 8; i = (((DWORD)fourth) << 24) | (((DWORD)third) << 16) | (((DWORD)second) << 8) | first; }

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  • Can't get Wireless to work! (Fujitsu siemens ESPRIMO Mobile u9200) Ubuntu 12.4

    - by Martin Oscarsson
    I can't get wireless to work on my computer. I have recently installed 12.04. Computer name: (Fujitsu siemens ESPRIMO Mobile u9200) Hardware button starts bluetooth - so can't start that way. Have searched the Internet for help but can't find any on my specific problem! State: connected (global) - Device: wlan0 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Type: 802.11 WiFi Driver: ath5k State: disconnected Default: no *-network beskrivning: Trådlöst gränssnitt produkt: AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) tillverkare: Atheros Communications Inc. *-network beskrivning: Ethernet interface produkt: 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller tillverkare: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. HERE IS ALL THE NETWORK INFO: ellika@ellikas:~$ ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:33:00:96:9a inet addr:192.168.1.26 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:33ff:fe00:969a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:13778 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9510 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14022669 (14.0 MB) TX bytes:1001621 (1.0 MB) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:1542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:125040 (125.0 KB) TX bytes:125040 (125.0 KB) ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo ifconfig [sudo] password for ellika: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:33:00:96:9a inet addr:192.168.1.26 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:33ff:fe00:969a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:13801 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9528 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14024965 (14.0 MB) TX bytes:1002836 (1.0 MB) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:1542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:125040 (125.0 KB) TX bytes:125040 (125.0 KB) ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 up SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operationen inte möjlig p.g.a. RF-kill ellika@ellikas:~$ phy0 Wireless LAN phy0: command not found ellika@ellikas:~$ rfkill Usage: rfkill [options] command Options: --version show version (0.4-1ubuntu2 (Ubuntu)) Commands: help event list [IDENTIFIER] block IDENTIFIER unblock IDENTIFIER where IDENTIFIER is the index no. of an rfkill switch or one of: <idx> all wifi wlan bluetooth uwb ultrawideband wimax wwan gps fm ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rf-kill unblock all sudo: rf-kill: kommandot hittades inte ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rfkill unblock all ellika@ellikas:~$ sedan sudo ifconfig wlan0 sedan: command not found ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:5f:3f:63:76 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ellika@ellikas:~$ ^C ellika@ellikas:~$ ^C ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rfkill unblock all ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo ifconfig wlan0 up SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operationen inte möjlig p.g.a. RF-kill ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rfkill unblock all ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rfkill list 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes ellika@ellikas:~$ sudo rfkill unblock all ellika@ellikas:~$ echo -e "sudo lshw --class network:\n\n$(sudo lshw -c network)\n\nlspci -nnn | grep Ethernet:\n\n$(lspci -nnn | grep Ethernet)\n\nlsusb:\n\n$(lsusb)\n\niwlist wlan0 scanning:\n\n$(iwlist wlan0 scanning)\n\nrfkill list:\n\n$(rfkill list)\n\nping -c 5 google.com:\n\n$(ping -c 5 google.com)\n\nhost google.com 8.8.8.8:\n\n$(host google.com 8.8.8.8)\n\nlsb_release -a:\n\n$(lsb_release -a)\n\nuname -a:\n\n$(uname -a)" ^[[C^[[C^[[C^[[C^[[C^[[B wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down No LSB modules are available. sudo lshw --class network: *-network beskrivning: Ethernet interface produkt: 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller tillverkare: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 logiskt namn: eth0 version: 14 serienummer: 00:1e:33:00:96:9a storlek: 100Mbit/s kapacitet: 1Gbit/s bredd: 64 bits klocka: 33MHz förmågor: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation konfiguration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=sky2 driverversion=1.30 duplex=full firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.26 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resurser: irq:44 memory:f8000000-f8003fff ioport:3000(storlek=256) memory:f2000000-f201ffff *-network INAKTIVERAD beskrivning: Trådlöst gränssnitt produkt: AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) tillverkare: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0 logiskt namn: wlan0 version: 04 serienummer: 00:22:5f:3f:63:76 bredd: 64 bits klocka: 33MHz förmågor: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless konfiguration: broadcast=yes driver=ath5k driverversion=3.2.0-30-generic-pae firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resurser: irq:18 memory:fa000000-fa00ffff lspci -nnn | grep Ethernet: 04:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller [11ab:4363] (rev 14) 06:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:001c] (rev 04) lsusb: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 05e3:0715 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB 2.0 microSD Reader Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05c8:0103 Cheng Uei Precision Industry Co., Ltd (Foxlink) FO13FF-65 PC-CAM iwlist wlan0 scanning: rfkill list: 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes ping -c 5 google.com: PING google.com (173.194.32.34) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=1 ttl=55 time=10.6 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=2 ttl=55 time=10.5 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=3 ttl=55 time=10.4 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=4 ttl=55 time=10.4 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=5 ttl=55 time=10.4 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.451/10.517/10.631/0.062 ms host google.com 8.8.8.8: Using domain server: Name: 8.8.8.8 Address: 8.8.8.8#53 Aliases: google.com has address 173.194.32.36 google.com has address 173.194.32.38 google.com has address 173.194.32.41 google.com has address 173.194.32.37 google.com has address 173.194.32.35 google.com has address 173.194.32.39 google.com has address 173.194.32.33 google.com has address 173.194.32.34 google.com has address 173.194.32.46 google.com has address 173.194.32.32 google.com has address 173.194.32.40 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:400f:801::100e google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. lsb_release -a: Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise uname -a: Linux ellikas 3.2.0-30-generic-pae #48-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 24 17:14:09 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux ellika@ellikas:~$ ellika@ellikas:~$ clear ellika@ellikas:~$ echo -e "sudo lshw --class network:\n\n$(sudo lshw -c network)\n\nlspci -nnn | grep Ethernet:\n\n$(lspci -nnn | grep Ethernet)\n\nlsusb:\n\n$(lsusb)\n\niwlist wlan0 scanning:\n\n$(iwlist wlan0 scanning)\n\nrfkill list:\n\n$(rfkill list)\n\nping -c 5 google.com:\n\n$(ping -c 5 google.com)\n\nhost google.com 8.8.8.8:\n\n$(host google.com 8.8.8.8)\n\nlsb_release -a:\n\n$(lsb_release -a)\n\nuname -a:\n\n$(uname -a)" wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down No LSB modules are available. sudo lshw --class network: *-network beskrivning: Ethernet interface produkt: 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller tillverkare: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 logiskt namn: eth0 version: 14 serienummer: 00:1e:33:00:96:9a storlek: 100Mbit/s kapacitet: 1Gbit/s bredd: 64 bits klocka: 33MHz förmågor: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation konfiguration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=sky2 driverversion=1.30 duplex=full firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.26 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resurser: irq:44 memory:f8000000-f8003fff ioport:3000(storlek=256) memory:f2000000-f201ffff *-network INAKTIVERAD beskrivning: Trådlöst gränssnitt produkt: AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) tillverkare: Atheros Communications Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0 logiskt namn: wlan0 version: 04 serienummer: 00:22:5f:3f:63:76 bredd: 64 bits klocka: 33MHz förmågor: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless konfiguration: broadcast=yes driver=ath5k driverversion=3.2.0-30-generic-pae firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg resurser: irq:18 memory:fa000000-fa00ffff lspci -nnn | grep Ethernet: 04:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8055 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller [11ab:4363] (rev 14) 06:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Atheros Communications Inc. AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) [168c:001c] (rev 04) lsusb: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 05e3:0715 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB 2.0 microSD Reader Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05c8:0103 Cheng Uei Precision Industry Co., Ltd (Foxlink) FO13FF-65 PC-CAM iwlist wlan0 scanning: rfkill list: 0: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes ping -c 5 google.com: PING google.com (173.194.32.34) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=1 ttl=55 time=10.6 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=2 ttl=55 time=10.5 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=3 ttl=55 time=10.4 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=4 ttl=55 time=10.4 ms 64 bytes from arn06s02-in-f2.1e100.net (173.194.32.34): icmp_req=5 ttl=55 time=10.5 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.476/10.522/10.602/0.045 ms host google.com 8.8.8.8: Using domain server: Name: 8.8.8.8 Address: 8.8.8.8#53 Aliases: google.com has address 173.194.32.36 google.com has address 173.194.32.38 google.com has address 173.194.32.41 google.com has address 173.194.32.37 google.com has address 173.194.32.35 google.com has address 173.194.32.39 google.com has address 173.194.32.33 google.com has address 173.194.32.34 google.com has address 173.194.32.46 google.com has address 173.194.32.32 google.com has address 173.194.32.40 google.com has IPv6 address 2a00:1450:400f:801::100e google.com mail is handled by 40 alt3.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 20 alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 30 alt2.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 50 alt4.aspmx.l.google.com. google.com mail is handled by 10 aspmx.l.google.com. lsb_release -a: Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise uname -a: Linux ellikas 3.2.0-30-generic-pae #48-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 24 17:14:09 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

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  • Ubuntu 11.10 doesn't detect external usb hard drive

    - by Andrew
    I have been batting with this issue for a bit and cannot find the answer to it. So the Dmesg see's the device, being Symwave WDC WD64.... media@Media-pc:~$ dmesg | tail -n 20 [78678.719497] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access Generic- USB3.0 CRW -0 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS [78678.725621] scsi 10:0:0:1: Direct-Access Generic- USB3.0 CRW -1 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS [78684.073837] scsi 11:0:0:0: Direct-Access SYMWAVE WDC WD6400AAKS-0 3B01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [78691.008126] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_abort_handler tag 0 [78691.008139] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_device_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.008147] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_target_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.008154] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.080307] usb 2-2.4: reset high speed USB device number 9 using ehci_hcd [78691.221427] scsi 11:0:0:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery [78691.221498] scsi 11:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device [78691.221519] scsi 11:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device [78691.222952] scsi 11:0:0:1: Enclosure SYMWAVE SES 3B01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [78691.223156] scsi 11:0:0:2: uas_sense_old: urb length 26 disagrees with IU sense data length 510, using 18 bytes of sense data [78691.225061] sd 11:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 [78691.225344] ses 11:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [78691.225495] ses 11:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 13 [78691.226266] sd 10:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 0 [78691.226653] sd 10:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg6 type 0 [78691.241647] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk [78691.243832] sd 10:0:0:1: [sde] Attached SCSI removable disk It looks like it attaches sdd and sde. Now when i look in the disk utility it shows "Hard disk Symwave WD6400AAKS-0 device /dev/sdc doesn't show any other info then that, if i format, it says that it cannot open /dev/sdc no device or address error. Underneeth the device it does show two general usb3.0 CRW that are sdd and sde. Now if I do a fdisk -l it doesn't show the device: media@Media-pc:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000247de Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 152176639 76087296 83 Linux /dev/sda2 152178686 156301311 2061313 5 Extended /dev/sda5 152178688 156301311 2061312 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x948fc822 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 63 1953520064 976760001 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT So now I am confused. Any ideas how I get fdisk to see the device?

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  • HOWTO Turn off SPARC T4 or Intel AES-NI crypto acceleration.

    - by darrenm
    Since we released hardware crypto acceleration for SPARC T4 and Intel AES-NI support we have had a common question come up: 'How do I test without the hardware crypto acceleration?'. Initially this came up just for development use so developers can do unit testing on a machine that has hardware offload but still cover the code paths for a machine that doesn't (our integration and release testing would run on all supported types of hardware anyway).  I've also seen it asked in a customer context too so that we can show that there is a performance gain from the hardware crypto acceleration, (not just the fact that SPARC T4 much faster performing processor than T3) and measure what it is for their application. With SPARC T2/T3 we could easily disable the hardware crypto offload by running 'cryptoadm disable provider=n2cp/0'.  We can't do that with SPARC T4 or with Intel AES-NI because in both of those classes of processor the encryption doesn't require a device driver instead it is unprivileged user land callable instructions. Turns out there is away to do this by using features of the Solaris runtime loader (ld.so.1). First I need to expose a little bit of implementation detail about how the Solaris Cryptographic Framework is implemented in Solaris 11.  One of the new Solaris 11 features of the linker/loader is the ability to have a single ELF object that has multiple different implementations of the same functions that are selected at runtime based on the capabilities of the machine.  The alternate to this is having the application coded to call getisax() and make the choice itself.  We use this functionality of the linker/loader when we build the userland libraries for the Solaris Cryptographic Framework (specifically libmd.so, and the unfortunately misnamed due to historical reasons libsoftcrypto.so) The Solaris linker/loader allows control of a lot of its functionality via environment variables, we can use that to control the version of the cryptographic functions we run.  To do this we simply export the LD_HWCAP environment variable with values that tell ld.so.1 to not select the HWCAP section matching certain features even if isainfo says they are present.  For SPARC T4 that would be: export LD_HWCAP="-aes -des -md5 -sha256 -sha512 -mont -mpul" and for Intel systems with AES-NI support: export LD_HWCAP="-aes" This will work for consumers of the Solaris Cryptographic Framework that use the Solaris PKCS#11 libraries or use libmd.so interfaces directly.  It also works for the Oracle DB and Java JCE.  However does not work for the default enabled OpenSSL "t4" or "aes-ni" engines (unfortunately) because they do explicit calls to getisax() themselves rather than using multiple ELF cap sections. However we can still use OpenSSL to demonstrate this by explicitly selecting "pkcs11" engine  using only a single process and thread.  $ openssl speed -engine pkcs11 -evp aes-128-cbc ... type 16 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes aes-128-cbc 54170.81k 187416.00k 489725.70k 805445.63k 1018880.00k $ LD_HWCAP="-aes" openssl speed -engine pkcs11 -evp aes-128-cbc ... type 16 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes aes-128-cbc 29376.37k 58328.13k 79031.55k 86738.26k 89191.77k We can clearly see the difference this makes in the case where AES offload to the SPARC T4 was disabled. The "t4" engine is faster than the pkcs11 one because there is less overhead (again on a SPARC T4-1 using only a single process/thread - using -multi you will get even bigger numbers). $ openssl speed -evp aes-128-cbc ... type 16 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes aes-128-cbc 85526.61k 89298.84k 91970.30k 92662.78k 92842.67k Yet another cool feature of the Solaris linker/loader, thanks Rod and Ali. Note these above openssl speed output is not intended to show the actual performance of any particular benchmark just that there is a significant improvement from using hardware acceleration on SPARC T4. For cryptographic performance benchmarks see the http://blogs.oracle.com/BestPerf/ postings.

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  • C# Gui setting control.Enabled to false fires OnClick event???

    - by Daniel
    For some really weird reason when i set the .Enabled property to false on a simple text box on a small GUI, it fires a radio buttons OnClick event and its causing lots of problems. I have breakpointed the txtBox.Enabled = false; and after stepping over OR into it i jump straight to the OnClick event of the radio button control Here is the call stack as that happened: TestGUI.exe!TestGUI.frmMain.radiobuttonClicked(object sender = {Text = "Download Single Episode" Checked = true}, System.EventArgs e = {System.EventArgs}) Line 67 C# System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(System.EventArgs e) + 0x70 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton.OnClick(System.EventArgs e) + 0x27 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.RadioButton.OnEnter(System.EventArgs e = {System.EventArgs}) + 0x3e bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.NotifyEnter() + 0x20 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.UpdateFocusedControl() + 0x195 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.AssignActiveControlInternal(System.Windows.Forms.Control value = {Text = "Download Single Episode" Checked = true}) + 0x54 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.ActivateControlInternal(System.Windows.Forms.Control control, bool originator = false) + 0x76 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.SetActiveControlInternal(System.Windows.Forms.Control value = {Text = "Download Single Episode" Checked = true}) + 0x73 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.SetActiveControl(System.Windows.Forms.Control ctl) + 0x33 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.ContainerControl.ActiveControl.set(System.Windows.Forms.Control value) + 0x5 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.Select(bool directed, bool forward) + 0x1b bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.SelectNextControl(System.Windows.Forms.Control ctl, bool forward, bool tabStopOnly, bool nested, bool wrap) + 0x7b bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.SelectNextControlInternal(System.Windows.Forms.Control ctl, bool forward, bool tabStopOnly, bool nested, bool wrap) + 0x4a bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.SelectNextIfFocused() + 0x61 bytes System.Windows.Forms.dll!System.Windows.Forms.Control.Enabled.set(bool value) + 0x42 bytes What the hell? It wouldn't have anything to do with the way i subscribe to the events would it? this.radioBtnMultipleDownload.Click += radiobuttonClicked; this.radioBtnSingleDownload.Click += radiobuttonClicked; this.radioCustomUrl.Click += radiobuttonClicked;

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  • libpcap read packet size

    - by spicyramen
    I started to write an application which will read RTP/H.264 video packets from an existing .pcap file, I need to read the packet size. I tried to use packet-len or header-len, but it never displays the right number of bytes for packets (I'm using wireshark to verify packet size - under Length column). How to do it? This is part of my code: while (packet = pcap_next(handle,&header)) { u_char *pkt_ptr = (u_char *)packet; struct ip *ip_hdr = (struct ip *)pkt_ptr; //point to an IP header structure struct pcap_pkthdr *pkt_hdr =(struct pcap_pkthdr *)packet; unsigned int packet_length = pkt_hdr->len; unsigned int ip_length = ntohs(ip_hdr->ip_len); printf("Packet # %i IP Header length: %d bytes, Packet length: %d bytes\n",pkt_counter,ip_length,packet_length); Packet # 0 IP Header length: 180 bytes, Packet length: 104857664 bytes Packet # 1 IP Header length: 52 bytes, Packet length: 104857600 bytes Packet # 2 IP Header length: 100 bytes, Packet length: 104857600 bytes Packet # 3 IP Header length: 100 bytes, Packet length: 104857664 bytes Packet # 4 IP Header length: 52 bytes, Packet length: 104857600 bytes Packet # 5 IP Header length: 100 bytes, Packet length: 104857600 bytes Another option I tried is to use: pkt_ptr- I get: read_pcapfile.c:67:43: error: request for member ‘len’ in something not a structure or union

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  • Hosting a website on Heroku.... I know how to, but im running into problems!

    - by Thomas Miller
    I'm starting to learn more on the back-end scale of programing. Recently I started up Heroku for the second or third time. This time I actually installed the Git update to my Mac and installed Heroku in the terminal. I wanted to upload a static html site with the sinatra gem. Everything worked out fine inside the terminal, though I added sinatra after I got everything working and the file with the site hooked up to Heroku. In my logs I did see that I was missing the sinatra gem, so I installed it. My site contains both the proper app.rb and config.ru files. I have nothing showing up online. Just a blank screen! Contacting Heroku on this problem has been very difficult. I get a responce every day, and on every day I respond with a question to the answer that didn't help me at all. 2011-05-18T00:25:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 71.198.0.51 - - [17/May/2011 17:25:20] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T00:25:20+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T00:25:26+00:00 app[web.1]: 71.198.0.51 - - [17/May/2011 17:25:26] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T00:25:26+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=313 2011-05-17T18:25:51-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-17T18:26:01-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T01:26:01+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T01:26:01+00:00 app[web.1]: Stopping ... 2011-05-18T01:26:02+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-17T20:12:46-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-17T20:12:47-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T03:12:48+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: thin -p 40055 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: Listening on 0.0.0.0:40055, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=9954ms service=6ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:12:50] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0012 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-17T20:12:50-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T03:12:51+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:12:51] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T03:12:51+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:13:05] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0011 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:13:05] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:05] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:05] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T03:57:08+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:08] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-17T21:58:27-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 app[web.1]: Stopping ... 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-17T21:58:33-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-17T23:11:58-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-17T23:11:58-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T06:12:00+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: thin -p 40091 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: Listening on 0.0.0.0:40091, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: 183.97.156.226 - - [17/May/2011 23:12:01] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0017 2011-05-18T06:12:02+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=3209ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T06:12:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 183.97.156.226 - - [17/May/2011 23:12:03] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0019 2011-05-17T23:12:08-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T00:13:13-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T00:13:16-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T07:13:16+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T07:13:16+00:00 app[web.1]: Stopping ... 2011-05-18T07:13:17+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-18T01:54:21-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-18T01:54:21-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T08:54:23+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: thin -p 59491 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: Listening on 0.0.0.0:59491, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T01:54:28-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=6943ms service=6ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0018 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0014 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=1ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=1ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T02:55:23-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T02:55:33-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 app[web.1]: Stopping ... 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-18T07:23:10-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T14:23:12+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: thin -p 20560 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: Listening on 0.0.0.0:20560, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T07:23:13-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0018 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=7ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0015 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0009 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:24:03-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T08:24:07-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T15:24:07+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T15:24:07+00:00 app[web.1]: Stopping ... 2011-05-18T17:34:27-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-18T17:34:28-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-19T00:34:29+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: thin -p 57621 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start 2011-05-18T17:34:31-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:32] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0016 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:32] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0011 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-19T00:34:34+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-19T00:34:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:34] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0007 2011-05-18T18:35:48-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T18:35:51-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down

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  • Hosting a website on Heroku.... I know how to, but im running into problems!

    - by Thomas Miller
    I'm starting to learn more on the back-end scale of programing. Recently I started up Heroku for the second or third time. This time I actually installed the Git update to my Mac and installed Heroku in the terminal. I wanted to upload a static html site with the Sinatra gem. Everything worked out fine inside the terminal, though I added Sinatra after I got everything working and the file with the site hooked up to Heroku. In my logs I did see that I was missing the Sinatra gem, so I installed it. My site contains both the proper app.rb and config.ru files. I have nothing showing up online. Just a blank screen! Contacting Heroku on this problem has been very difficult. I get a response every day, and on every day I respond with a question to the answer that didn't help me at all. 2011-05-18T00:25:20+00:00 app[web.1]: 71.198.0.51 - - [17/May/2011 17:25:20] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T00:25:20+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T00:25:26+00:00 app[web.1]: 71.198.0.51 - - [17/May/2011 17:25:26] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T00:25:26+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=313 2011-05-17T18:25:51-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-17T18:26:01-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T01:26:01+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T01:26:01+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Stopping ... 2011-05-18T01:26:02+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-17T20:12:46-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-17T20:12:47-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T03:12:48+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: `thin -p 40055 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start` 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T03:12:49+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Listening on 0.0.0.0:40055, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=9954ms service=6ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:12:50] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0012 2011-05-18T03:12:50+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-17T20:12:50-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T03:12:51+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:12:51] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T03:12:51+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:13:05] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0011 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T03:13:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 70.91.206.114 - - [17/May/2011 20:13:05] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:05] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:05] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0007 2011-05-18T03:57:05+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T03:57:08+00:00 app[web.1]: 172.18.33.56, 58.96.134.66 - - [17/May/2011 20:57:08] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-17T21:58:27-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Stopping ... 2011-05-18T04:58:30+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-17T21:58:33-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-17T23:11:58-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-17T23:11:58-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T06:12:00+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: `thin -p 40091 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start` 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Listening on 0.0.0.0:40091, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T06:12:01+00:00 app[web.1]: 183.97.156.226 - - [17/May/2011 23:12:01] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0017 2011-05-18T06:12:02+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=3209ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T06:12:03+00:00 app[web.1]: 183.97.156.226 - - [17/May/2011 23:12:03] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0019 2011-05-17T23:12:08-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T00:13:13-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T00:13:16-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T07:13:16+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T07:13:16+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Stopping ... 2011-05-18T07:13:17+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-18T01:54:21-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-18T01:54:21-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T08:54:23+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: `thin -p 59491 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start` 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T08:54:24+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Listening on 0.0.0.0:59491, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T01:54:28-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=6943ms service=6ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0018 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0014 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=1ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 app[web.1]: 62.244.82.72 - - [18/May/2011 01:54:28] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0008 2011-05-18T08:54:28+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=1ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T02:55:23-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T02:55:33-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Stopping ... 2011-05-18T09:55:34+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited 2011-05-18T07:23:10-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-18T14:23:12+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: `thin -p 20560 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start` 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Thin web server (v1.2.6 codename Crazy Delicious) 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Maximum connections set to 1024 2011-05-18T14:23:13+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Listening on 0.0.0.0:20560, CTRL+C to stop 2011-05-18T07:23:13-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0018 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=7ms bytes=565 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0015 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 app[web.1]: 12.183.19.10 - - [18/May/2011 07:23:14] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0009 2011-05-18T14:23:14+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=313 2011-05-18T08:24:03-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T08:24:07-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down 2011-05-18T15:24:07+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping process with SIGTERM 2011-05-18T15:24:07+00:00 app[web.1]: >> Stopping ... 2011-05-18T17:34:27-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Unidling 2011-05-18T17:34:28-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from created to starting 2011-05-19T00:34:29+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command: `thin -p 57621 -e production -R /home/heroku_rack/heroku.ru start` 2011-05-18T17:34:31-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/ dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=5ms bytes=565 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:32] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 293 0.0016 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:32] "GET /style.css HTTP/1.1" 200 - 0.0011 2011-05-19T00:34:32+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/style.css dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=2ms bytes=269 2011-05-19T00:34:34+00:00 heroku[router]: GET pxlc.heroku.com/favicon.ico dyno=web.1 queue=0 wait=0ms service=4ms bytes=313 2011-05-19T00:34:34+00:00 app[web.1]: 97.83.58.74 - - [18/May/2011 17:34:34] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 18 0.0007 2011-05-18T18:35:48-07:00 heroku[web.1]: Idling 2011-05-18T18:35:51-07:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to down

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  • Diagnosing packet loss / high latency in Ubuntu

    - by Sam Gammon
    We have a Linux box (Ubuntu 12.04) running Nginx (1.5.2), which acts as a reverse proxy/load balancer to some Tornado and Apache hosts. The upstream servers are physically and logically close (same DC, sometimes same-rack) and show sub-millisecond latency between them: PING appserver (10.xx.xx.112) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.180 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.165 ms 64 bytes from appserver (10.xx.xx.112): icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.153 ms We receive a sustained load of about 500 requests per second, and are currently seeing regular packet loss / latency spikes from the Internet, even from basic pings: sam@AM-KEEN ~> ping -c 1000 loadbalancer PING 50.xx.xx.16 (50.xx.xx.16): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=0 ttl=56 time=11.624 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=10.494 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 2 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=1536.516 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=536.907 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=9.389 ms ... many packets later ... Request timeout for icmp_seq 919 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=918 ttl=56 time=2932.571 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=919 ttl=56 time=1932.174 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=920 ttl=56 time=932.018 ms 64 bytes from loadbalancer: icmp_seq=921 ttl=56 time=6.157 ms --- 50.xx.xx.16 ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 997 packets received, 0.3% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 5.119/52.712/2932.571/224.629 ms The pattern is always the same: things operate fine for a while (<20ms), then a ping drops completely, then three or four high-latency pings (1000ms), then it settles down again. Traffic comes in through a bonded public interface (we will call it bond0) configured as such: bond0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5d inet addr:50.xx.xx.16 Bcast:50.xx.xx.31 Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Global inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:527181270 errors:1 dropped:4 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:413335045 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:240016223540 (240.0 GB) TX bytes:104301759647 (104.3 GB) Requests are then submitted via HTTP to upstream servers on the private network (we can call it bond1), which is configured like so: bond1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:xx:xx:xx:xx:5c inet addr:10.xx.xx.70 Bcast:10.xx.xx.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: <ipv6 address> Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MASTER MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:430293342 errors:1 dropped:2 overruns:0 frame:1 TX packets:466983986 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:77714410892 (77.7 GB) TX bytes:227349392334 (227.3 GB) Output of uname -a: Linux <hostname> 3.5.0-42-generic #65~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 2 20:57:18 UTC 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux We have customized sysctl.conf in an attempt to fix the problem, with no success. Output of /etc/sysctl.conf (with irrelevant configs omitted): # net: core net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000 # net: ipv4 stack net.ipv4.tcp_ecn = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 10000 net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control = cubic net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 8000 65535 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_dupack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_thin_linear_timeouts = 1 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 99999999 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established = 300 Output of dmesg -d, with non-ICMP UFW messages suppressed: [508315.349295 < 19.852453>] [UFW BLOCK] IN=bond1 OUT= MAC=<mac addresses> SRC=118.xx.xx.143 DST=50.xx.xx.16 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=43221 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=1 [SRC=50.xx.xx.16 DST=118.xx.xx.143 LEN=40 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=249 ID=10220 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=80 DPT=53817 WINDOW=8190 RES=0x00 ACK FIN URGP=0 ] [517787.732242 < 0.443127>] Peer 190.xx.xx.131:59705/80 unexpectedly shrunk window 1155488866:1155489425 (repaired) How can I go about diagnosing the cause of this problem, on a Debian-family Linux box?

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  • routing specific IP to ppp0 tunnel

    - by gompertz
    Hi All, I feel I've struggled with this long enough and need some help. I have a pptp tunnel and am trying to route destination traffic from 208.85.40.20 to the pptp tunnel (ppp0). (Keen observers may recognize the ip as being that of pandora.com). I am doing all this configuration on a router... and I know it's not working successfully as traceroute yields nothing but astericks. I've pasted relevant outputs below: (with some "security" editing to the addresses) root@OpenWrt:~# ifconfig br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:28185 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:24936 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:4894242 (4.6 MiB) TX bytes:5941902 (5.6 MiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:51829 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:56824 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:11490288 (10.9 MiB) TX bytes:11857913 (11.3 MiB) Interrupt:4 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:15426 TX packets:9529 errors:21 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:423 (423.0 B) TX bytes:596036 (582.0 KiB) Interrupt:2 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:30 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:30 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2300 (2.2 KiB) TX bytes:2300 (2.2 KiB) ppp0 Link encap:Point-Point Protocol inet addr:68.68.39.250 P-t-P:172.16.20.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1400 Metric:1 RX packets:165 errors:2 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:68 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:7006 (6.8 KiB) TX bytes:3462 (3.3 KiB) vlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:28182 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:33813 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:5006544 (4.7 MiB) TX bytes:6609774 (6.3 MiB) vlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX inet addr:173.183.111.3 Bcast:173.183.111.255 Mask:255.255.224.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:23653 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:23012 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:5522012 (5.2 MiB) TX bytes:4982944 (4.7 MiB) wds0.4915 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) wds0.4915 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1A:92:BC:XX:XX UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/ppp/ip-up iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -i br0 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -t filter -i ppp0 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -s 192.168.1.1/24 -d 0/0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A forwarding_rule -o ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -A forwarding_rule -i ppp0 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A postrouting_rule -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE root@OpenWrt:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.16.20.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 208.85.40.20 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 173.183.192.0 * 255.255.224.0 U 0 0 0 vlan1 default d173-183-192-1. 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 vlan1 default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 br0 Any advice is greatly appreciated, I'm not too great with network but am pretty astute at learning ;-)

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  • How is the MTU is 65535 in UDP but ethernet does not allow frame size more than 1500 bytes

    - by nikku
    I am using a fast ethernet of 100 Mbps, whose frame size is less than 1500 bytes (1472 bytes for payload as per my textbook). In that, I was able to send and receive a UDP packet of message size 65507 bytes, which means the packet size was 65507 + 20 (IP Header) + 8 (UDP Header) = 65535. If the frame's payload size itself is maximum of 1472 bytes (as per my textbook), how can the packet size of IP be greater than that which here is 65535? I used sender code as char buffer[100000]; for (int i = 1; i < 100000; i++) { int len = send (socket_id, buffer, i); printf("%d\n", len); } Receiver code as while (len = recv (socket_id, buffer, 100000)) { printf("%d\n". len); } I observed that send returns -1 on i > 65507 and recv prints or receives a packet of maximum of length 65507.

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  • How is the MTU is 65535 in UDP but ethernet does not allow frame size more than 1500 bytes

    - by nikku
    I am using a fast ethernet of 100 Mbps, whose frame size is less than 1500 bytes (1472 bytes for payload as per my textbook). In that, I was able to send and receive a UDP packet of message size 65507 bytes, which means the packet size was 65507 + 20 (IP Header) + 8 (UDP Header) = 65535. If the frame's payload size itself is maximum of 1472 bytes (as per my textbook), how can the packet size of IP be greater than that which here is 65535? I used sender code as char buffer[100000]; for (int i = 1; i < 100000; i++) { int len = send (socket_id, buffer, i); printf("%d\n", len); } Receiver code as while (len = recv (socket_id, buffer, 100000)) { printf("%d\n". len); } I observed that send returns -1 on i > 65507 and recv prints or receives a packet of maximum of length 65507.

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  • How can we tell what driven the Private bytes spiking.

    - by ronin
    I have websites running on .Net Framework 2.0 environment. For recent every day my website becomes slow at certain time and I need to recycle my app pool. I checked the log file found that the private bytes will spike during that time slot. Through some research I already know that the managed code and unmanaged code consists of Privates and we can identify which one cause the spike based on "Bytes in all heaps" counter. But I can't find a way to dig deeper. Is there any way that I can find out what driven my private bytes spike? How can we see what the private bytes are being used for? Thanks, Ronin

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  • How can I recover my Transcend pendrive when both the used space and free space are 0 bytes?

    - by Debabratta
    I have an Transcend pendrive, and when I connect it and double click it to explore, it is showing the error: Please insert a disk into drive Also In the properties field it is showing File system- Unknown Used space- 0 bytes free space- 0 bytes capacity- 0 bytes I tried to format it using using the command prompt but it is not showing in the list disk command. It is also not showing in the Disk Management.

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  • Monitor number of bytes transferred to/from IP address on port.

    - by Mike
    Can anyone recommend a linux command line tool to monitor the number of bytes transferred between the local server and a specified IP address/port. The equivalent tcpdump command would be: tcpdump -s 0 -i any -w mycapture.trc port 80 host google.com which outputs : 46 packets captured 131 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel I'd like something similar that outputs: 54 bytes out, 176 bytes in I'd like it to work on RHEL and be free/open-source. It would be good if there was an existing tool which I was just missing too!

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  • Changing the default installation path to a newly installed hard disk

    - by mgj
    Hi, I am currently working on a dual-booted PC. I am using Windows XP and Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx released in April 2010. The allocated partition to Ubuntu that I am making use of has almost exhausted. Current memory allocations on the PC wrt Ubuntu OS looks like this: bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:~$ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 8.6G 8.0G 113M 99% / none 998M 268K 998M 1% /dev none 1002M 580K 1002M 1% /dev/shm none 1002M 100K 1002M 1% /var/run none 1002M 0 1002M 0% /var/lock none 1002M 0 1002M 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sda1 25G 16G 9.8G 62% /media/C /dev/sdb1 37G 214M 35G 1% /media/ubuntulinuxstore bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:~$ cd /tmp I am trying to mount a 40GB(/dev/sdb1 - given below) new hard disk along with my existing Ubuntu system to overcome with hard disk space related issues. I referred to the following tutorial to mount a new hard disk onto the system:- http://www.smorgasbord.net/how-to-in...untu-linux%20/ I was able to successfully mount this hard disk for Ubuntu 0S. I have this new hard disk setup in /media/ubuntulinuxstore directory. The current partition in my system looks like this: bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:/media/ubuntulinuxstore$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for bodhgaya: Disk /dev/sda: 40.0 GB, 40000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4863 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x446eceb5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2 3264 26210047+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 3265 4385 9004432+ 83 Linux /dev/sda3 4386 4863 3839535 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 40.0 GB, 40000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4863 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfa8afa8a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 4862 39053983+ 7 HPFS/NTFS bodhgaya@pc146724-desktop:/media/ubuntulinuxstore$ Now, I have a concern wrt the "location" where the new softwares will be installed. Generally softwares are installed via the terminal and by default a fixed path is used to where the post installation set up files can be found (I am talking in context of the drive). This is like the typical case of Windows, where softwares by default are installed in the C: drive. These days people customize their installations to a drive which they find apt to serve their purpose (generally based on availability of hard disk space). I am trying to figure out how to customize the same for Ubuntu. As we all know the most softwares are installed via commands given from the Terminal. My road block is how do I redirect the default path set on the terminal where files get installed to this new hard disk. This if done will help me overcome space constraints I am currently facing wrt the partition on which my Ubuntu is initially installed. I would also by this, save time on not formatting my system and reinstalling Ubuntu and other softwares all over again. Please help me with this, your suggestions are much appreciated.

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  • How to repair an external harddrive?

    - by dodohjk
    I would like to reformat my hard disk, and if possible recover the (somewhat unimportant) contents if possible. I have a Western Digital 1TB hard drive which had a NTFS partition. I unplugged the drive without safely removing it first. At first a pop up was asking me to use a Windows OS to run the chkdsk /f command, however, in the effort to keep using a Linux OS I used the ntfsfix command on the ubuntu terminal Now, when I try to access the hard drive, it doesn't show up anymore in Nautilus. I tried reformatting it using Disk Utility, but it gives me an error message, and Gparted would hang on the "Scanning devices" step infinitely. Please comment any output that you would like to see and I will add it to my question. EDIT disk utility tells me is on /dev/sdb the command sudo fdisk -l gives dodohjk@DodosPC:~$ sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for dodohjk: Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006fa8c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 4094 482344959 241170433 5 Extended /dev/sda2 482344960 488396799 3025920 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda5 4096 31461127 15728516 83 Linux /dev/sda6 31463424 52434943 10485760 83 Linux /dev/sda7 52436992 62923320 5243164+ 83 Linux /dev/sda8 62924800 482344959 209710080 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000202043392 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121600 cylinders, total 1953519616 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6e697373 This doesn't look like a partition table Probably you selected the wrong device. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 ? 1936269394 3772285809 918008208 4f QNX4.x 3rd part /dev/sdb2 ? 1917848077 2462285169 272218546+ 73 Unknown /dev/sdb3 ? 1818575915 2362751050 272087568 2b Unknown /dev/sdb4 ? 2844524554 2844579527 27487 61 SpeedStor Partition table entries are not in disk order I wrote something wrong here, however here the output of fsck /dev/sbd is dodohjk@DodosPC:~$ sudo fsck /dev/sdb fsck from util-linux 2.20.1 e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012) ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device&gt;

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  • How to solve 'Connection refused' errors in SSH connection?

    - by frbry
    I have an Ubuntu Server 10.10 32-bit in my home. I'm making SSH connections to it from my PC via Putty. The problem is, sometimes I'm able to login seamlessly. However, sometimes it gives me an error like this: Network error: Connection refused. Then, I dont't change anything, try to login a few times more, wait a while and try again. Sometimes I can log in, sometimes I cannot. It seems pretty random to me. What can I do to solve this? Edit: And Sometimes, Putty gives Network error: Software caused connection abort error after displaying login as: text. Here is the ping -t output: Pinging 192.168.2.254 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=6ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=65ms TTL=6 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=88ms TTL=6 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64 Reply from 192.168.2.254: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=64

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