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• openVPN as a way to connect to a LAN by another client, different from server

  - by Einar

  Setup: one LAN handled by a router without a publicly available IP address but without any outbound connection restrictions ("target LAN"); a separate server publicly reachable from the Internet ("gateway"). I am trying to set up openVPN so that a third client can connect to the "gateway" and access the "target LAN". As the router of "target LAN" is not reachable from the Internet directly, it connects to the gateway itself via openVPN as well. The problem is how to handle routing. The LAN router has two network interfaces (for the outside network and the LAN itself). In openVPN (the server on the gateway) I set client-to-client and push "route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0" but I assume this would be horribly wrong (it actually messed up the routing on the LAN router until I killed openVPN). openVPN is not using bridging, is configured via tun. Other config details from the server server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 client-config-dir ccd route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 And the client file in ccd is iroute 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 What can be adjusted to ensure that a third client can connect through openVPN and access the LAN mentioned earlier?

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• .htaccess with godaddy not working in subdomain

  - by explorex

  Hi, i have a site uploaded to shared subdomain (which is inside a folder). and htaccess is not working. please get details from here. EDIT::copied from stack overflow Hi, i uploaded as website to a subdomain, and every page is not working except the front page please check it here. what could be the possible reason? i shoud have 8 pages in front level and many more on admin level but i am getting 404 error as you can see, does anyone has idea or suggestion? UPDATE:: .htaccess file RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] RewriteRule ^.*$ index.php [NC,L] UPDATE to url rounting i do have few url router like below BUT i dont have any default router $router->addRoute( 'get-destination', new Zend_Controller_Router_Route('destination/get/:id/:dest-name', array( 'controller' => 'destination', 'action' => 'get', 'id' => 'id', 'dest-name' => 'dest-name' )) ); just to make look cooler and on my navigation (which is loaded from xml i have) something like <nav> <home> <label>HOME</label> <controller>index</controller> <action>index</action> <route>default</route> </home> since i was getting url problem from where url was routed and please check phpinfo at http://websmartus.com/demo/globaltours/public_html/phpinfo.php

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• Change source address based on destination IP

  - by hgj

  We have several "router" machines that gather a lot of external IP addresses on the same host and redirect, NAT or proxy the traffic to the internal network. They also act as routers for the machines on the internal network. This works fine, however I am unable to make the routing table, so I can change the source address, based on the destination a machine from the internal network want to access. Let's say I have a router, that has public addresses P1 (5.5.5.1/24) and P2 (5.5.5.2/24). All traffic goes through P1, but if necessary, the host is reachable on P2 too. This looks like this and works fine: > ip addr ... 1: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 5.5.5.1/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global eth1 inet 5.5.5.2/24 brd 5.5.5.255 scope global secondary eth1:p2 ... Now I want to use P2 as the source address, if I want to access the Google DNS service for example (8.8.8.8). So I add a row in the routing table like: > ip route add 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 > ip route ... default via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 5.5.5.0/24 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 5.5.5.1 8.8.8.8 via 5.5.5.254 dev eth1 src 5.5.5.2 ... But this does not work. If I ping 8.8.8.8, the host still uses P1 as the source address, and does not use P2 at all for outgoing connections. Am I doing it right? I guess not...

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• xen + debian network after upgrade squeeze to wheeze

  - by rush

  I've got a Debian + Xen server. After a system upgrade to the stable version the network doesn't come up after boot. Every time after reboot I need to bring it up manually. The network configuration was not changed during upgrade. Here is /etc/network/interfaces: auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 11.22.33.44 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 11.22.33.1 nameserver 8.8.8.8 After boot ip r shows no route and eth0 has no ip address. Manually ip and route setup goes fine and network starts working. Messages from dmesg about network I've found (looks like nothing interesting) [ 3.894401] ACPI: Fan [FAN3] (off) [ 3.894444] ACPI: Fan [FAN4] (off) [ 4.178348] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: eth0: (PCI Express:2.5GT/s:Width x1) 00:1e:67:14:66:c9 [ 4.178351] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: eth0: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 4.178392] e1000e 0000:00:19.0: eth0: MAC: 10, PHY: 11, PBA No: 0100FF-0FF [ 4.178413] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: Disabling ASPM L0s L1 [ 4.178432] xen: registering gsi 16 triggering 0 polarity 1 -- [ 4.223667] ata5: DUMMY [ 4.223668] ata6: DUMMY [ 4.289153] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth1: (PCI Express:2.5GT/s:Width x1) 00:1e:67:14:66:c8 [ 4.289155] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth1: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Connection [ 4.289245] e1000e 0000:02:00.0: eth1: MAC: 3, PHY: 8, PBA No: 1000FF-0FF [ 4.506908] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci_hcd [ 4.542920] ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) -- [ 10.362999] EXT4-fs (dm-23): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 10.419103] EXT4-fs (dm-3): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 10.988255] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth1: link is not ready [ 13.175533] Event-channel device installed. [ 13.287555] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state -- [ 13.288670] XENBUS: Unable to read cpu state [ 13.965939] Bridge firewalling registered [ 14.134048] e1000e: eth1 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx [ 14.283862] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): peth0: link is not ready [ 14.284543] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth1: link becomes ready [ 17.800627] e1000e: peth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control: Rx/Tx [ 17.801377] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): peth0: link becomes ready [ 18.307278] device peth0 entered promiscuous mode [ 24.538899] eth1: no IPv6 routers present [ 28.570902] peth0: no IPv6 routers present I've upgraded two servers and I've such behaviour on two of them. How to fix this and get network starts automatically on boot?

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• Two internet connections at once in Windows 7

  - by webmasters

  I have a 3G wireless modem and I have a LAN - Right now they are both connected. I need a way to choose which applications will use the 3G connection and which applications will use the LAN. My Operating System is windows 7. How can I do this? Any ideas? Here is a route print: - the 3G modem's IP is 10.81.132.96 Lets say, for example, map google.com to using the 3G internet connection. IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.102 20 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.81.132.97 10.81.132.111 286 10.81.132.96 255.255.255.224 On-link 10.81.132.111 286 10.81.132.111 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.81.132.111 286 10.81.132.127 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.81.132.111 286 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.2.102 276 192.168.2.102 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.2.102 276 192.168.2.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.2.102 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.2.102 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.81.132.111 286 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.2.102 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.81.132.111 286 ===========================================================================

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• Have servers behind OpenVPN subnet reach connecting clients

  - by imaginative

  I am trying to find some relevant documentation or what directives I need in either the OpenVPN server configuration or client configuration to accommodate for this use case. I have an OpenVPN server that clients connect to. The OpenVPN server can communicate directly with any of the clients already, this is not an issue. The client is able to reach any machine on the private subnet where OpenVPN resides, this is also not an issue. My issue is that the reverse is currently not possible - I have servers on the same subnet as the OpenVPN box that cannot reach any of the connecting clients. I'd like to be able to SSH to them and more, the same way the client can reach the servers behind the OpenVPN subnet. What do I need to do to make this possible? I already have masquerading rules set on the OpenVPN box: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.50.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE IP Forwarding is enabled: echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward I added a route on the server behind the private subnet to be aware of the route: 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 What am I missing?

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• Packet flooding while configuring a Debian L2TP/IPSec client?

  - by Joseph B.

  I'm currently at my wits end trying to configure an L2TP over IPSec VPN connection on my Debian using openswan and xl2tp box connecting to a server of unknown configuration. I've managed to successfully establish the connection and everything appears to be working well until I attempt to set the VPN connection as my default route, at which point I see a massive flood of packets simultaneously being transmitted (on the tune of ~1.5 GB in about 2min) until the server drops my connection. Prior to this network traffic on all my interfaces is minimal. According to iftop the majority of this traffic appears to be coming out of port 12, although I can't seem to figure out how to finger a specific process. If I instead just route traffic destined for 74.0.0.0/8 through it I'm able to access Google's servers through the VPN without issue. My xl2tp.conf file is: [lac vpn-nl] lns = example.vpn.com name = myusername pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.l2tpd.client My options.l2tpd.client file is: ipcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote refuse-eap require-mschap-v2 noccp noauth idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 usepeerdns lock name myusername password mypassword connect-delay 5000 And my routing table looks like: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.5.2.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 10.0.50.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.50.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 loopback * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo default * 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 ppp0 I'm seeing absolutely nothing in auth.log and syslog during this time and can't seem to find any other log files it might be writing to. Any suggestions would be appreciated!

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• Ubuntu Server Wireless connection issue - replaced router but kept ESSID

  - by Stevo

  I have a ubuntu server 12.04 which was connected to my wireless network with no problem I replaced the wireless router but kept the ESSID and password the same. All other devices on network have connected correctly. However the Ubuntu Server will not route correctly. It will connect to the wifi router, and get a dhcp served IP address, however it will not route anything. I cannot ping the router from the server. the contents of /etc/resolve.conf are updated with the information from the router, (the host name has been served) I know there is nothing wrong with the router or the server, or the wireless card etc. I'm assuming there's some cached setting that associates the old router with the ESSID and causing the issue. I've got a lot of other devices connected to the router, so don't want to change the name of the ESSID. How do I fix this? EDIT: outputs (abbreviated as I've got no cut and paste) netstat -rn: Kernel IP Routing table Dest Gate Gen Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0. UG 0 0 0 wlan0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0. 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 wlan0

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• pfSense routing between two routers with shared network

  - by JohnCC

  I have a network set-up using two pfSense routers arranged like this:- DMZ1 WAN1 WAN2 DMZ2 | | | | | | | | \___ PF1 PF2___/ | | | | \___TRUSTED___/ Each pfSense router has its own separate WAN connection, and a separate DMZ network attached to it. They share a common TRUSTED LAN between them. The machines on the trusted network have PF1 as their default gateway. PF1 has a static route defined to DMZ2 via PF2, and PF2 has a static route to DMZ1 via PF1. There is NAT to the WAN but internal networks (DMZ1/2 and TRUSTED) use different RFC1918 subnets. I inherited this arrangement, and all used to work fine. I made a config change to PF1 (relating to multicast), and machines on DMZ2 suddenly could not talk to TRUSTED. I rolled the change back, but the problem persisted. What I guess you'd hope would happen is that TCP packets would go DMZ2 - PF2 - TRUSTED and on return TRUSTED - PF1 - PF2 - DMZ2. That's the only way I can see it would have worked. However, PF1 drops the returning packets. I've verified this using tcpdump. I've worked around this by adding static routes to DMZ2 via PF2 to the servers on TRUSTED, but some devices on there do not support static routes so this is not ideal. Is there way to make this arrangement work decently, or is the design inherently flawed? Thanks!

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• Can mod-rewrite be used to set environmental variables?

  - by VLostBoy

  Hi, I've got an existing simple rewrite rule like so: <Directory /path> RewriteEngine on RewriteBase / # if the requested resource does not exist RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d # route the uri to a front controller RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] </Directory> This works fine, but I want to do one of either two things. On the basis of detecting the clients accept-language header, I want to either (i) Set the detected language as an environmental variable that the script can use or (ii)Rewrite the request so that the url begins with the language code (e.g. www.example.com/en/some/resource) In terms of implementing (i), I defined this rule: <Directory /path> RewriteEngine on RewriteBase / # if the requested resource does not exist RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d # if the users preferred language is supported... RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-Language} ^.*(de|es|fr|it|ja|ru|en).*$ [NC] # define an environmental variable PREFER_LANG RewriteRule ^(.*)$ - [env=PREFER_LANG:%1] # route the uri to a front controller RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] </Directory> I've tried a few variations, but PREFER_LANG is not defined in $_SERVER nor retrievable by getenv. In terms of implementing (ii)... lets just say its messy. I'll post it if I can't get an answer to one. Can anyone advise me? Thanks!

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• Exchange migration: ExchangeTransport warnings after uninstalling source server

  - by carlpett

  After disabling/uninstalling Exchange from our source SBS2003 server, I'm getting these warnings: Event 5020 "The topology doesn't contain a route to Exchange 2000 Server or Exchange Server 2003 sourceserver.domain.local in Routing Group [...]" Event 5006 "Cannot find route to Mailbox Server CN=SOURCESERVER [...] for store CN=[...]", for Public folder, First storage group and Recovery storage group. I followed the technet article here: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb288905.aspx (linked from the SBS 2003 - 2011 migration guide). When uninstalling Exchange, I got a warning about NNTP not being found in the registry, but that didn't seem relevant, and the uninstall continued. The server was subsequently removed from the domain and shut down, as per the instructions. If I open the Public Folder Management console on the Exchange 2010 server, the public folders \NON_IPM_SUBTREE\EFORMS_REGISTRY and \Archived mails gives an error on "Update content". I haven't found anything else which indicates something is wrong. We never really used the public folders on the old server, so there isn't really anything lost. Can I just remove these folders and let them be created anew?

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• Can next hop address be same as destination address?

  - by Raj

  Like if host address is 100.0.0.1 and next hop address is 100.0.0.2 and destination ip address is also 100.0.0.2 Is this a valid use case? Any real life usage? <dest ip> <next hop> ip route 100.0.0.2 255.255.255.255 100.0.0.2 weight 1 next-hop-vrf GlobalRouter Above is the command on a router inside a VRF. 100.0.0.2 is pingable from host. 100.0.0.1 & 100.0.0.2 are an ip address assigned to a VLAN on host & destination respectively. On a linux box, Such configuration is valid. [root]# netstat -r -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 55.55.55.55 55.55.55.55 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0 [root]# ip route show 55.55.55.55 via 55.55.55.55 dev eth0 As per my understanding, If a destination IP is reachable (i.e in the same subnet of host IP) we dont need a next hop. I came across one application for using next hop for destination IP in same subnet (i.e for VPN) See this: Will packets send to the same subnet go through routers? If next hop != destination IP but they are in same subnet as that of host, is a valid scenario for VPN, then i am wondering what are the applications of next_hop==dest_ip & subnet same as host? This is my first post in Super User. Extremely happy with the quick and warm response.

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• PFSence VPN Routing

  - by SvrGuy

  We use PFSense firewalls at three installations with the following LAN networks: 1.) Datacenter #1: 10.0.0.0/16 2.) Datacenter #2: 10.1.0.0/16 3.) HQ: 10.2.0.0/16 All of these locations are linked via an IPSEC tunnel that works properly. Hosts in any of the above networks can communicate with hosts in any other of the above networks. Now, for our laptops etc. we established a road warrior network 10.3.0.0/16 and have implemented OpenVPN to link the laptops etc. to Datacenter #1. This works great too, so our laptops can connect and communicate with any host in Datacenter #1 (anything on 10.0.0.0/16) The problem is the laptops can't communicate with any hosts that Datacenter #1 can reach by its IPSEC tunnel to Datacenter #2 (and/or the HQ for that matter). Does anyone know what to do configuration wise on the PFSense box in Datacenter #1 to configure to route packets received on the OpenVPN tunnel to Datacenter #2 over the IPSEC tunnel? It could be a setting on the OpenVPN or some sort of static route or some such. Any ideas?

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• Google Apps routing to different servers, depending on domain

  - by Philip

  We are investigating Google Apps for Education for our group of schools. Currently, each school uses their own Exchange (2003) server. Each school has its own domain which I have added to Google Apps as additional domains. I would like to start transitioning certain staff and some new pupils over to Google Apps to start testing. In this interim phase, I need mail to be routed through Google Apps and then, if no appropriate mail box is found, route on to the individual schools depending on the recipient. I do know that it is possible to route mail that does not have an appropriate Google Apps mail account to a single server - under "Settings / E-mail Settings / General Settings / Routing / E-mail routing". This works well for a single organisation where all the extra mail is destined for one place. I do know that it is possible to set up Routes, under "Settings / E-mail Settings / Hosts" and then use rules, found under "Settigns / E-mail Settings / General Settings / Routing / Receiving Routing". I can then filter based on e-mail domain and forward on to the necessary server. My problem with this, as I understand it, is that it ignores the users that have Google Apps accounts set up and sends all mail to the Exchange server. Are there any solutions for this predicament? Many thanks!

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• Am I obliged to use ipv6 tunnel services if I want to be able to use it?

  - by Zagorax

  I was looking for configuring Slackware to use ipv6 but all instruction I found speak about using an ipv6 tunnel that encapsulate ipv6 request into ipv4 packet and send them to an external router that extracts ipv6 request and sends a reply (or, at least, this is what I understood). Is that necessary? Isn't there a way to configure a pure ipv6 system? If yes, could you please point me to a guide that clearly explain how to enable ipv6 without this trick? I would like to configure my Slackware desktop at first, and then do the same with my Centos server. EDIT: maybe I gave you too few information. Sorry. I'll write some more information thanks to the posted guide. ~$ test -f /proc/net/if_inet6 && echo "Running kernel is IPv6 ready" Running kernel is IPv6 ready So, it seems ipv6 is enabled in my kernel. Some other output from ifconfig, route and /etc/resolv.conf content (with opendns): ~$ /sbin/ifconfig wlan0 | grep inet6 inet6 addr: fe80::21f:3bff:fe60:cc5b/64 Scope:Link ~$ /sbin/route -A inet6 | grep wlan0 fe80::/64 :: U 256 0 0 wlan0 ff00::/8 :: U 256 0 0 wlan0 ~$ cat /etc/resolv.conf inet6 nameserver 2620:0:ccc::2 nameserver 208.67.222.222 nameserver 208.67.220.220 But still, with ping6 I can only ping localhost (::1). Everything else is unreachable. Normal ping works fine. That is why I was asking if I am obliged to use a tunnel.

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• setting up vpn server

  - by Lock

  I need help in visualising how to setup our VPN box when we move to our new network with Telstra. We have a safe@office 500P, which has a public IP and a private IP of 192.168.19.2. It is physically connected to our router, which has 4 different interfaces, one being 192.168.19.1. On the VPN box, we have a static route to forward everything to 192.168.19.1 which is the router, and from there it works out where to go. Now, we are moving to a Telstra WAN and things are setup a little differently. Our head office router has only 3 interfaces- 1 is for the link to the switch that has the fibre connection (so our route to the internet and other branches), 1 is for our 10.10.20.x network and one is for the local branch network. I really have no idea how to set this up as with the new setup, we will not have a port for it to plug into on the router. Could I just plug it into the 10.10.20.x network? Would I have to give it a public IP or can we just forward through the ports that it would use? Another suggestion was to VLAN our switch into two networks- one for the 10.10.20.x network and one for the network the VPN currently sits on (192.168.19.x), and setup the router to trunk between the port and the switch. Not sure how to do this. Sorry VPN's are definitely not my strong suit. Any advice appreciated!

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• Linux: Three default gateways?

  - by Daniel

  My server has three default gateways, how can that be? Shouldn't there be one default gw? I have three NICs, each attached to a separate subnet: server1:~# route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.5.0.0 * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth3 localnet * 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.8.0 * 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 10.5.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth3 default 192.168.8.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 default 10.1.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Sometimes, I can't ping a host on the Internet, sometimes I can. What I want is traffic to the Internet (0.0.0.0) routed through a specific NIC. Can I just add a route for 0.0.0.0 and default gw to one of the eth0-3 interfaces? Will it break my connection? I'm using Debian, here is my /etc/network/interfaces: # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.1.0.4 netmask 255.255.255.224 network 10.1.0.0 broadcast 10.1.0.31 gateway 10.1.0.1 allow-hotplug eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 192.168.8.4 netmask 255.255.255.192 network 192.168.8.0 broadcast 192.168.8.63 gateway 192.168.8.1 allow-hotplug eth3 iface eth3 inet static address 10.5.0.4 netmask 255.255.255.224 network 10.5.0.0 broadcast 10.5.0.31 gateway 10.5.0.1

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• Linux IPTables / routing issue

  - by Jon

  Hi all, EDIT 1/3/10 22:00 GMT - rewrote some of it after further investigation It has been a while since I looked at IPtables and I seem to be worse than before as I can not seem to get my webserver online. Below is my firewall rules on the gateway server that is running the dhcp server accessing the net. The webserver is inside my network on a static IP (192.168.0.98, default port). When I use Nmap or GRC.com I see that port 80 is open on the gateway server but when I browse to it, (via public URL. http://www.houseofhawkins.com) it always fails with a connection error, (nmap cannot connect and figure out what the web server is either). I can nmap the webserver and browse to it just fine via same IP inside my network. I believe it is my IPTable rules that are not letting it through. Internally I can route all my requests. Each machine can browse to the website and traffic works just fine. I can MSTSC / ssh to all the webservers internally and they inturn can connect to the web. IPTABLE: *EDIT - Added new firewall rules 2/3/10 * #!/bin/sh iptables="/sbin/iptables" modprobe="/sbin/modprobe" depmod="/sbin/depmod" EXTIF="eth2" INTIF="eth1" load () { $depmod -a $modprobe ip_tables $modprobe ip_conntrack $modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp $modprobe ip_conntrack_irc $modprobe iptable_nat $modprobe ip_nat_ftp echo "enable forwarding.." echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward echo "enable dynamic addr" echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_dynaddr # start firewall # default policies $iptables -P INPUT DROP $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P OUTPUT DROP $iptables -F OUTPUT $iptables -P FORWARD DROP $iptables -F FORWARD $iptables -t nat -F #echo " Opening loopback interface for socket based services." $iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #echo " Allow all connections OUT and only existing and related ones IN" $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $EXTIF -o $INTIF -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -i $INTIF -o $EXTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A FORWARD -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A INPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " $iptables -A OUTPUT -j LOG --log-level 7 --log-prefix "Dropped by firewall: " #echo " Enabling SNAT (MASQUERADE) functionality on $EXTIF" $iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $EXTIF -j MASQUERADE $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -j ACCEPT #echo " Allowing packets with ICMP data (i.e. ping)." $iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $INTIF --dport 67 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT #echo " Port 137 is for NetBIOS." $iptables -A INPUT -i $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT $iptables -A OUTPUT -o $INTIF -p udp --dport 137 -j ACCEPT #echo " Opening port 53 for DNS queries." $iptables -A INPUT -p udp -i $EXTIF --sport 53 -j ACCEPT #echo " opening Apache webserver" $iptables -A PREROUTING -t nat -i $EXTIF -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.0.96:80 $iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp -m state --state NEW -d 192.168.0.96 --dport 80 -j ACCEPT } flush () { echo "flushing rules..." $iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT $iptables -F INPUT $iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT echo "rules flushed" } case "$1" in start|restart) flush load ;; stop) flush ;; *) echo "usage: start|stop|restart." ;; esac exit 0 route info: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 5e0412a6.bb.sky * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 5e0412a6.bb.sky 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth2 ifconfig: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:22:b0:cf:4a:1c inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::222:b0ff:fecf:4a1c/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:79023 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:57786 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:11580918 (11.5 MB) TX bytes:22872030 (22.8 MB) Interrupt:17 Base address:0x2b00 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:f1:7c:45:5b inet addr:94.4.18.166 Bcast:94.4.18.166 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:f1ff:fe7c:455b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:57038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:34532 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:21631721 (21.6 MB) TX bytes:7685444 (7.6 MB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) TX bytes:1517 (1.5 KB) EDIT OK so as requested I will try and expand on my infrastructure: I previously had it setup with a Sky broadband modem router that did the DHCP and I used its web interface to port forward the web across to the web server. The network looked something like this: I have now replaced the sky modem with a dlink modem which gives the IP to the gateway server that now does the DHCP. It looks like: The internet connection is a standard broadband connection with a dynamic IP, (use zoneedit.com to keep it updated). I have tried it on each of the webservers(one Ubuntu Apache server and one WS2008 IIS7). I think there must also be an issue with my IPTable rules as it can route to my win7 box which has the default IIS7 page and that would not display when I forwarded all port 80 to it. I would be really grateful for any and all help with this. Thanks Jon

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• KVM/Libvirt bridged/routed networking not working on newer guest kernels

  - by SharkWipf

  I have a dedicated server running Debian 6, with Libvirt (0.9.11.3) and Qemu-KVM (qemu-kvm-1.0+dfsg-11, Debian). I am having a problem getting bridged/routed networking to work in KVM guests with newer kernels (2.6.38). NATted networking works fine though. Older kernels work perfectly fine as well. The host kernel is at version 3.2.0-2-amd64, the problem was also there on an older host kernel. The contents of the host's /etc/network/interfaces (ip removed): # Loopback device: auto lo iface lo inet loopback # bridge auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 176.9.xx.xx broadcast 176.9.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 176.9.xx.xx pointopoint 176.9.xx.xx bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off bridge_maxwait 0 bridge_fd 0 up route add -host 176.9.xx.xx dev br0 # VM IP post-up mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD br0 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 176.9.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 176.9.xx.xx br0 The output of ifconfig -a on the host: br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 54:04:a6:8a:66:13 inet addr:176.9.xx.xx Bcast:176.9.xx.xx Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: fe80::5604:a6ff:fe8a:6613/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:20216729 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19962220 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:14144528601 (13.1 GiB) TX bytes:7990702656 (7.4 GiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 54:04:a6:8a:66:13 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:26991788 errors:0 dropped:12066 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19737261 errors:270082 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:270082 collisions:1686317 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:15459970915 (14.3 GiB) TX bytes:6661808415 (6.2 GiB) Interrupt:17 Memory:fe500000-fe520000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:6240133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6240133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:6081956230 (5.6 GiB) TX bytes:6081956230 (5.6 GiB) virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:79:e4:5a inet addr:192.168.100.1 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:225016 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:412958 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:16284276 (15.5 MiB) TX bytes:687827984 (655.9 MiB) virbr0-nic Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:79:e4:5a BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) vnet0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:93:4e:68 inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe93:4e68/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:607670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5932089 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:83574773 (79.7 MiB) TX bytes:1092482370 (1.0 GiB) vnet1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:ed:6a:43 inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:feed:6a43/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:922132 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6342375 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:251091242 (239.4 MiB) TX bytes:1629079567 (1.5 GiB) vnet2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:00:0d:cb:3d inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe0d:cb3d/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:9461 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:665189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:4990275 (4.7 MiB) TX bytes:49229647 (46.9 MiB) vnet3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:54:cd:83:eb:aa inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:cdff:fe83:ebaa/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1649 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:12177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 RX bytes:77233 (75.4 KiB) TX bytes:2127934 (2.0 MiB) The guest's /etc/network/interfaces, in this case running Ubuntu 12.04 (ip removed): # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 176.9.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 176.9.xx.xx # Host IP pointopoint 176.9.xx.xx # Host IP dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 The output of ifconfig -a on the guest: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:cd:83:eb:aa inet addr:176.9.xx.xx Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::5054:cdff:fe83:ebaa/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:14190 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1768 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:2614642 (2.6 MB) TX bytes:82700 (82.7 KB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:954 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:176679 (176.6 KB) TX bytes:176679 (176.6 KB) Output of ping -c4 on the guest: PING google.nl (173.194.35.151) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from muc03s01-in-f23.1e100.net (173.194.35.151): icmp_req=1 ttl=55 time=14.7 ms From static.174.82.xx.xx.clients.your-server.de (176.9.xx.xx): icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: static.161.82.9.176.clients.your-server.de (176.9.82.161)) 64 bytes from muc03s01-in-f23.1e100.net (173.194.35.151): icmp_req=2 ttl=55 time=15.1 ms From static.198.170.9.176.clients.your-server.de (176.9.170.198) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From static.198.170.9.176.clients.your-server.de (176.9.170.198) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable --- google.nl ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 2 received, +2 errors, 50% packet loss, time 3002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 14.797/14.983/15.170/0.223 ms, pipe 2 The static.174.82.xx.xx.clients.your-server.de (176.9.xx.xx) is the host's IP. I have encountered this problem with every guest OS I've tried, that being Fedora, Ubuntu (server/desktop) and Debian with an upgraded kernel. I've also tried compiling the guest kernel myself, to no avail. I have no problem with recompiling a kernel, though the host cannot afford any downtime. Any ideas on this problem are very welcome. EDIT: I can ping the host from inside the guest.

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• Linux policy routing - packets not coming back

  - by Bugsik

  i am trying to set up policy routing on my home server. My network looks like this: Host routed VPN gateway Internet link through VPN 192.168.0.35/24 ---> 192.168.0.5/24 ---> 192.168.0.1 DSL router 10.200.2.235/22 .... .... 10.200.0.1 VPN server The traffic from 192.168.0.32/27 should be and is routed through VPN. I wanted to define some routing policies to route some traffic from 192.168.0.5 through VPN as well - for start - from user with uid 2000. Policy routing is done using iptables mark target and ip rule fwmark. The problem: When connecting using user 2000 from 192.168.0.5 tcpdump shows outgoing packets, but nothing comes back. Traffic from 192.168.0.35 works fine (here I am not using fwmark but src policy). Here is my VPN gateway setup: # uname -a Linux placebo 3.2.0-34-generic #53-Ubuntu SMP Thu Nov 15 10:49:02 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux # iptables -V iptables v1.4.12 # ip -V ip utility, iproute2-ss111117 IPtables rules (all policies in table filter are ACCEPT) # iptables -t mangle -nvL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 770K packets, 314M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 767K packets, 312M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 5520 packets, 1920K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 782K packets, 901M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 74 4707 MARK all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 owner UID match 2000 MARK set 0x3 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 788K packets, 903M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination # iptables -t nat -nvL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 996 packets, 51172 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 432 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 1364 packets, 112K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 2302 packets, 160K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 119 7588 MASQUERADE all -- * vpn 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Routing: # ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,PROMISC,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master lan state UNKNOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:40:63:f9:c3:8f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: lan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link/ether 00:40:63:f9:c3:8f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.0.5/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global lan inet6 fe80::240:63ff:fef9:c38f/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: vpn: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 100 link/none inet 10.200.2.235/22 brd 10.200.3.255 scope global vpn # ip rule show 0: from all lookup local 32764: from all fwmark 0x3 lookup VPN 32765: from 192.168.0.32/27 lookup VPN 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default # ip route show table VPN default via 10.200.0.1 dev vpn 10.200.0.0/22 dev vpn proto kernel scope link src 10.200.2.235 192.168.0.0/24 dev lan proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.5 # ip route show default via 192.168.0.1 dev lan metric 100 10.200.0.0/22 dev vpn proto kernel scope link src 10.200.2.235 192.168.0.0/24 dev lan proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.5 TCP dump showing no traffic coming back when connection is made from 192.168.0.5 user 2000 # tcpdump -i vpn tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on vpn, link-type RAW (Raw IP), capture size 65535 bytes ### Traffic from user 2000 on 192.168.0.5 ### 10:19:05.629985 IP 10.200.2.235.37291 > 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http: Flags [S], seq 2868799562, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 6887764 ecr 0,nop,wscale 4], length 0 10:19:21.678001 IP 10.200.2.235.37291 > 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http: Flags [S], seq 2868799562, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 6891776 ecr 0,nop,wscale 4], length 0 ### Traffic from 192.168.0.35 ### 10:23:12.066174 IP 10.200.2.235.49247 > 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http: Flags [S], seq 2294159276, win 65535, options [mss 1460,nop,wscale 4,nop,nop,TS val 557451322 ecr 0,sackOK,eol], length 0 10:23:12.265640 IP 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http > 10.200.2.235.49247: Flags [S.], seq 2521908813, ack 2294159277, win 14480, options [mss 1367,sackOK,TS val 388565772 ecr 557451322,nop,wscale 1], length 0 10:23:12.276573 IP 10.200.2.235.49247 > 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http: Flags [.], ack 1, win 8214, options [nop,nop,TS val 557451534 ecr 388565772], length 0 10:23:12.293030 IP 10.200.2.235.49247 > 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http: Flags [P.], seq 1:480, ack 1, win 8214, options [nop,nop,TS val 557451552 ecr 388565772], length 479 10:23:12.574773 IP 10.100-78-194.akamai.com.http > 10.200.2.235.49247: Flags [.], ack 480, win 7776, options [nop,nop,TS val 388566081 ecr 557451552], length 0

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• How to share internet over VPN and inside a virtual machine (Windows)?

  - by mountrix

  ` My final goal is to have a virtual machine at work in which anything that happen inside (tcp, udp, ping, ...) will use the Internet connection of a computer at home. So, if inside this VM should I open an Internet browser to a site such as "show my IP", my home IP should be printed. I am also looking for a way to debug/develop a software inside this VM, but I would like to tunnel only the connections of this software, not the full graphical interface, this is why a Remote Desktop solution won't fit me. The connection between the both computer should be secured somehow, like in a SSH tunnel. This ultimately should allow me to have a portable VM in which I can connect to whatever networks I have access at home, in a secure way. This is my configuration: At work, I have a LAN-connected desktop computer, with Windows 7 Professional Edition as a host [computer W] On this same computer, I have a Virtual Box machine running Windows XP [computer V] At home, I have a laptop computer, running Windows 7 Home Edition [computer H] This laptop is connected to a Livebox 2 broadband modem by Wifi. What I am trying to do is to sit at work in front of the virtual machine [V], and connect to a webpage as if the request was issued from the laptop [H] at home, and the data should be securely tunneled between the both. But if I am using internet directly inside [W], it should use the normal LAN interface at work. To achieve my goal, I first try using VPN, than SSH tunneling, without success. I first tried to install Teamviewer between [W] and [H]. This is working fine, I can send files, share desktop, etc. Teamviewer has a VPN mode that creates a new VPN network interface with its own IP, both on computer [W] and [H]. This allowed me to connect [H] as a network computer inside [W] and I was able to share files, but not to share Internet. At this point, I tried to use from [W] the Internet as if I was at home. I setup a route (using route add from command line in [W]) in order to instruct each packet going to a given website to pass by the new VPN interface on [W], with the hope it will be forwarded to [H], but the webpage was simply inaccessible. I then tried to setup a Windows VPN connection between [W] and [H], using the Windows 7 VPN feature. [H] was the server and [W] the client. But it failed: I got the "Unable to join a remote PC while trying to VPN" 720 Error when I was setting up the client on [W]. I think the problem is the Livebox 2 that could blocks the packets. But I am not sure of this: 1) with Teamviewer it works fine, 2) Livebox 2 has a configuration page for port mapping that gives the proper configuration to map VPN ports as an example so I guess that it should allow it, 3) I opened the ports 1723 (TCP) and 500 (UDP) according to some forums. Virtual box has a network configuration parameter in which I can use the VPN network interface created by Teamviewer as a bridged connection. This is suppose to work in the sense that all packets issued by the virtual machine [V] is supposed to go directly to [H]. But I had no internet connection inside [V]. Using the NAT mode, [V] has internet. For me this is the feature that I look for: filtering all connections from the virtual box application to the VPN network interface, and the remaining should use the normal LAN interface. Apart from the build-in feature of VBox, I even do not know if it is possible to route the packet from a given application to a given interface. Finally I tried also SSH tunneling, but this is not the solution I looked for. Using an external SSH server (Linux), I was able to create a localhost connection on [W] (or [V]), using something like 'ssh -N -D server[H]' in order to allow a web browser located in [W] to connect to any website using the SOCKS 5 proxy created locally (SOCKS is a build-in feature of SSH). But repeating the same operation on windows, using a windows SSH server inside [W] (I tried freeSSHd), it failed: SFTP worked, but not the SOCKS tunneling, it was like the browser in [H] did not find internet. Finally only Teamviewer looked able to create a VPN between [W] and [H], but I am not able to use it, as I want, I mean using the Internet connection of [H] sitting in front of [W]. I also tried to bridge the VPN interface and the wifi interface inside [H], but it blocked my laptop, and I tried also the Internet Connection Sharing, trying to share on [H] the wifi connection over the VPN interface. This fails also, but it seems because Teamviewer actually use the wifi interface to be able to provide the VPN link, so I guess I am creating a recursive loop. I do not know what to try next... Thank you for any advice!!

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• Replies to request coming over a relay goes to relay's internal IP, not to original request's source IP

  - by seaquest

  Dhcpd running on Linux gets a dhcp request over dhcrelay which is running on other remote machine. Oct 6 10:09:46 2012 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:1e:68:06:eb:37 (oguz-U300) via 172.16.17.81 tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 10:35:01.112500 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: UDP (17), length: 328) 192.168.0.81.67 > 192.168.0.1.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from 00:1e:68:06:eb:37, length: 300, hops:1, xid:0xe378fc7e, flags: [none] (0x0000) Gateway IP: 172.16.17.81 Client Ethernet Address: 00:1e:68:06:eb:37 [|bootp] It matches to a subnet and send reply. However reply does not go to the requesting dhcrelay external IP(192.168.0.81). Instead, it goes to the internal interface IP of machine running dhcrelay. And I think because of this remote machine running dhcrelay or the dhcrealy itself discarding packet. Oct 6 10:09:46 2012 dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 172.16.17.11 to 00:1e:68:06:eb:37 (oguz-U300) via 172.16.17.81 10:35:02.050108 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: UDP (17), length: 328) 192.168.0.1.67 > 172.16.17.81.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length: 300, hops:1, xid:0xe378fc7e, flags: [none] (0x0000) Your IP: 172.16.17.11 Gateway IP: 172.16.17.81 Client Ethernet Address: 00:1e:68:06:eb:37 [|bootp] Is this a normal behaviour? Machine running dhcrelay: eth1(ext) Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:0B:21:43:F4 inet addr:192.168.0.81 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 eth2(int) Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:0B:21:43:F5 inet addr:172.16.17.81 Bcast:172.16.17.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 3582 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcrelay -i eth2 192.168.0.1 Machine running dhcpd: eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:0B:23:97:D1 inet addr:192.168.0.1 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 option domain-name "test.com"; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; authoritative; ignore client-updates; ddns-update-style ad-hoc; default-lease-time 86400; max-lease-time 86400; subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.0.135 192.168.0.169; option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255; option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1; option domain-name "test.com"; option routers 192.168.0.1; } subnet 172.16.17.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { local-address 192.168.0.1; server-identifier 192.168.0.1; range 172.16.17.10 172.16.17.11; option broadcast-address 172.16.17.255; option routers 172.16.17.81; } (I put local-address and server-identifier. But this does not help ) Regards, -- Oguz YILMAZ UPDATE: The first problem is found. I have configured dhcrelay only on listening internel interface. It seems (of course) is should also listen to external interface for replies. It appears it is not important where the packet destined to. dhrelay will forward it to internal net. HOWEVER, I have deleted route on dhcpd server to reach 172.16.17.x subnet. It again tries to send reply to 172.16.17.81. Because it does not know the route it send it from default gateway to the internet. eth0: IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto: UDP (17), length: 328) 192.168.1.2.67 > 172.16.17.81.67: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length: 300, hops:1, xid:0x32830125, secs:3, flags: [none] (0x0000) eth0: Your IP: 172.16.17.11 eth0: Gateway IP: 172.16.17.81 eth0: Client Ethernet Address: 00:1e:68:06:eb:37 [|bootp] How can I force dhcpd to force to send replies to requesting IP? Because, it is not much meaningful to add routes to subnet we distribute IP for. Internet - dhcpd - 192.168.0.1 - SOMENET - 192.168.0.81 - dhcrelay - 172.16.17.0/24 192.168.0.1 has no route for 172.16.17.0 and has no interface directly attached to that net.

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• OpenVPN Server Ethernet Bridging Question

  - by Hooplad

  Hello All, I am having a difficult time properly configuring an ethernet bridge using OpenVPN 2.0.9 install on CentOS 5 ( VPN server ). The goal that I am trying to complete is to connect a VM ( instance running on the same CentOS machine ) acting as a Microsoft Business Contact Manager server. I would then like this "BCM server" to serve Windows XP clients on 192.168.1.0/24 network as well as clients connecting from VPN ( 10.8.0.0/24 ). The setup as it is now was based off a known working configuration. The problem with the working configuration was that it would allow to the client to connect and access everything running on the VPN server ( SVN, Samba, VM Server ) but not any computers on the 192.168.1.0/24 network. I must disclose that the VPN server is behind a router/firewall. Ports are being forwarded correctly ( again, clients were able to connect to the VPN server with no problem. netcat confirms the udp port is open as well ). current ifconfig output br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C2 inet addr:192.168.1.169 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::221:5eff:fe4d:3ac2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:846890 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3072351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:42686842 (40.7 MiB) TX bytes:4540654180 (4.2 GiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C2 UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:882641 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1781383 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:82342803 (78.5 MiB) TX bytes:2614727660 (2.4 GiB) Interrupt:169 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C3 UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:650 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1347223 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:67403 (65.8 KiB) TX bytes:1959529142 (1.8 GiB) Interrupt:233 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:17452058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:17452058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:94020256229 (87.5 GiB) TX bytes:94020256229 (87.5 GiB) tap0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr DE:18:C6:D7:01:63 inet6 addr: fe80::dc18:c6ff:fed7:163/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3086 errors:0 dropped:166 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:315099 (307.7 KiB) vmnet1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:01 inet addr:192.168.177.1 Bcast:192.168.177.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:1/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4224 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) vmnet8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:08 inet addr:192.168.55.1 Bcast:192.168.55.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:8/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4226 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) current route table Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.55.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet8 192.168.177.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet1 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 current iptables output Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination server_known_working.conf local banshee port 1194 proto udp dev tap0 ca ca.crt cert banshee_server.crt key banshee_server.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 4 The following is the current CentOS server config file. server_ethernet_bridged.conf ( current ) local 192.168.1.169 port 1194 proto udp dev tap0 ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt server-bridge 192.168.1.169 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.210 push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 6 The following is one of the client's config file that was used with the known working configuration. client.opvn client dev tap proto udp remote XXX.XXX.XXX 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca client.crt cert client.crt key client.key tls-auth client.key 1 verb 3 I have tried the HOWTO provided by OpenVPN as well as others http://www.thebakershome.net/openvpn%5Ftutorial?page=1 with no success. Any help or suggestions would be appreciated.

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• Packets marked by iptables only sent to the correct routing table sometimes

  - by cookiecaper

  I am trying to route packets generated by a specific user out over a VPN. I have this configuration: $ sudo iptables -S -t nat -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT -A POSTROUTING -o tun0 -j MASQUERADE $ sudo iptables -S -t mangle -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P INPUT ACCEPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -P POSTROUTING ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner guy -j MARK --set-xmark 0xb/0xffffffff $ sudo ip rule show 0: from all lookup local 32765: from all fwmark 0xb lookup 11 32766: from all lookup main 32767: from all lookup default $ sudo ip route show table 11 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.6 dev tun0 scope link 10.8.0.1 via 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 0.0.0.0/1 via 10.8.0.5 dev tun0 $ sudo iptables -S -t raw -P PREROUTING ACCEPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner guy -j TRACE -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j TRACE It seems that some sites work fine and use the VPN, but others don't and fall back to the normal interface. This is bad. This is a packet trace that used VPN: Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976052] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:rule:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976105] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:policy:3 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976164] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:rule:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976210] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:policy:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976269] TRACE: nat:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976320] TRACE: filter:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976367] TRACE: mangle:POSTROUTING:policy:1 IN= OUT=tun0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:24:28 agent kernel: [612979.976414] TRACE: nat:POSTROUTING:rule:1 IN= OUT=tun0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=23.1.17.194 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=14494 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57502 DPT=80 SEQ=2294732931 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6E01D0000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb and this is one that didn't: Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662559] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:rule:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662609] TRACE: raw:OUTPUT:policy:3 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662664] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:rule:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662709] TRACE: mangle:OUTPUT:policy:2 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662761] TRACE: nat:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662808] TRACE: filter:OUTPUT:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb Oct 27 00:22:41 agent kernel: [612873.662855] TRACE: mangle:POSTROUTING:policy:1 IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=XXX.YYY.ZZZ.AAA DST=209.68.27.16 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=40425 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=45305 DPT=80 SEQ=604973951 ACK=0 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 OPT (020405B40402080A03A6B6960000000001030307) UID=999 GID=999 MARK=0xb I have already tried "ip route flush cache", to no avail. I do not know why the first packet goes through the correct routing table, and the second doesn't. Both are marked. Once again, I do not want ALL packets system-wide to go through the VPN, I only want packets from a specific user (UID=999) to go through the VPN. I am testing ipchicken.com and walmart.com via links, from the same user, same shell. walmart.com appears to use the VPN; ipchicken.com does not. Any help appreciated. Will send 0.5 bitcoins to answerer who makes this fixed.

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• OpenVPN Configuration - Windows 7 client & debian server

  - by Guillaume

  I recently formatted my Windows 7 computer and lost my client's config files for OpenVPN. I recovered the certificates and default config that were left on the server but I haven't managed to make the whole thing work again. I assume the server's config and routing table are OK because it was working before (although quite some time ago). Would any of you experts be able to help? server.conf # Serveur TCP/666 mode server proto udp port 666 dev tun # Cles et certificats ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem tls-auth ta.key 0 cipher AES-256-CBC # Reseau server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 #push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" push "redirect-gateway def1" keepalive 10 120 # Securite user nobody group nogroup chroot /etc/openvpn/jail persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo # Log verb 3 mute 20 status openvpn-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn.log client.conf # Client client dev tun proto udp remote *my server's ip address*:666 cipher AES-256-CBC # Cles ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key tls-auth ta.key 1 # Securite nobind persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo verb 3 Routing table on debian server when OpenVPN server is running: Destination Gateway Genmask Indic Metric Ref Use Iface 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 my server's ip * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default 72815.trg.dedic 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Routing table on Windows 7 client (OpenVPN not working) =========================================================================== Interface List 19...00 f0 8a 1b 6e 5c ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 12...90 2e 34 33 84 7b ......Atheros AR8151 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller ( NDIS 6.20) 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: [...] =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None And when the link is established between my client and the server: The server's routing table stays the same. The client's becomes: =========================================================================== Interface List 19...00 f0 8a 1b 6e 5c ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 12...90 2e 34 33 84 7b ......Atheros AR8151 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller ( NDIS 6.20) 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 0.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.252 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.6 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.7 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 my server's ip 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 128.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None What's working: Server and client do connect to each other, SSL certificates are OK. The client gets an IP (10.8.0.6) from the server OpenVPN client is started as an administrator. But: I cannot ping the other one on either side. 'Gateway' value is empty on client's side (in the adapter's "status" window). Client has got no internet access when the link is up. Ideal configuration: I only want the client to be able to use the server's Internet access and access its resources (MySQL server in particular). I do not need or want the server to access the client's local network. The client needs to be able to access it's local network, although all Internet traffic should be redirected to the VPN link. I spent a considerable amount of time on this but it's still not working, any help would be much appreciated. Thanks :)

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