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  • Which will be faster? Switching shaders or ignore that some cases don't need full code?

    - by PolGraphic
    I have two types of 2d objects: In first case (for about 70% of objects), I need that code in the shader: float2 texCoord = input.TexCoord + textureCoord.xy But in the second case I have to use: float2 texCoord = fmod(input.TexCoord, texCoordM.xy - textureCoord.xy) + textureCoord.xy I can use second code also for first case, but it will be a little slower (fmod is useless here, input.TexCoord will be always lower than textureCoord.xy - textureCoord.xy for sure). My question is, which way will be faster: Making two independent shaders for both types of rectangles, group rectangles by types and switch shaders during rendering. Make one shader and use some if statement. Make one shader and ignore that sometimes (70% of cases) I don't need to use fmod.

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  • How do I create a camera?

    - by Morphex
    I am trying to create a generic camera class for a game engine, which works for different types of cameras (Orbital, GDoF, FPS), but I have no idea how to go about it. I have read about quaternions and matrices, but I do not understand how to implement it. Particularly, it seems you need "Up", "Forward" and "Right" vectors, a Quaternion for rotations, and View and Projection matrices. For example, an FPS camera only rotates around the World Y and the Right Axis of the camera; the 6DoF rotates always around its own axis, and the orbital is just translating for a set distance and making it look always at a fixed target point. The concepts are there; implementing this is not trivial for me. SharpDX seems to have has already Matrices and Quaternions implemented, but I don't know how to use them to create a camera. Can anyone point me on what am I missing, what I got wrong? I would really enjoy if you could give a tutorial, some piece of code, or just plain explanation of the concepts.

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  • How to mimic the same fixed-size horizon as in this racing game?

    - by Aybe
    I am trying to replicate the same horizon (buildings and sky) as in the image below: As you can see, the player has advanced in a straight line, yet the horizon has still the same size: This is my attempt using 3D, while it's okay when the player is on the start line: It's not so great when the player advanced as much as in the image no. 2: This is an overview of where the horizon buildings and sky are located: Obviously this won't achieve such effect when one is close to it, so I've tried to scale up the horizon on all axes but the problem is that the buildings are too small depending where you look at them from. How can one mimic such rendering ?

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  • How can I show a texture in a separate window in an XNA game?

    - by John
    I'm playing around with random map generation and what I want to do is: Input a command to generate a random map. A texture will be created resembling the generation, each pixel resembling each tile. A new window will pop-up, without removing the original one, that will contain the texture. I know how to do this except for the last part. Would someone please tell me how to create a new window and draw a texture to this window?

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  • Making a Camera look at a target Vector

    - by Peteyslatts
    I have a camera that works as long as its stationary. Now I'm trying to create a child class of that camera class that will look at its target. The new addition to the class is a method called SetTarget(). The method takes in a Vector3 target. The camera wont move but I need it to rotate to look at the target. If I just set the target, and then call CreateLookAt() (which takes in position, target, and up), when the object gets far enough away and underneath the camera, it suddenly flips right side up. So I need to transform the up vector, which currently always stays at Vector3.Up. I feel like this has something to do with taking the angle between the old direction vector and the new one (which I know can be expressed by target - position). I feel like this is all really vague, so here's the code for my base camera class: public class BasicCamera : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GameComponent { public Matrix view { get; protected set; } public Matrix projection { get; protected set; } public Vector3 position { get; protected set; } public Vector3 direction { get; protected set; } public Vector3 up { get; protected set; } public Vector3 side { get { return Vector3.Cross(up, direction); } protected set { } } public BasicCamera(Game game, Vector3 position, Vector3 target, Vector3 up) : base(game) { this.position = position; this.direction = target - position; this.up = up; CreateLookAt(); projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView( MathHelper.PiOver4, (float)Game.Window.ClientBounds.Width / (float)Game.Window.ClientBounds.Height, 1, 500); } public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // TODO: Add your update code here CreateLookAt(); base.Update(gameTime); } } And this is the code for the class that extends the above class to look at its target. class TargetedCamera : BasicCamera { public Vector3 target { get; protected set; } public TargetedCamera(Game game, Vector3 position, Vector3 target, Vector3 up) : base(game, position, target, up) { this.target = target; } public void SetTarget(Vector3 target) { direction = target - position; } protected override void CreateLookAt() { view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(position, target, up); } }

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  • Loadbalancing Questions

    - by Van Holtz
    I have been learning networking for about 4 months. Wrote a single standalone Multiplayer server and succeeded with authoritative approach. Now I want to extend it by splitting the single server into clusters to allow even more players to log in to avoid latency issues. Now I have protyped the Loadbalancing server and its running pretty good so far. This is my architecture, I have a master server which acts as a proxy, every sub servers(chat, login, game) connect to the master server as well as all the clients. when a client connects, Client Request: Send Request - MS(Master) - Decides which SS(SubServer) to forward to - Forwards Request to SS - SS - Analyze Message - Send Response to MS - Decides which Client to forward to - Forwards Response to Client Well, it looks like its going through lots of stages. it takes double the time to process the message than a single server approach. i feel like my model isnt the best or i may be wrong. is there any better model or the one they use in professional games? I still want a Master-SubServer approach. I just want to clarify that I'm going in the right direction before writing all my codes. Thanks for any answer :)

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  • Normal map lighting bug in bottom right quadrant

    - by Ryan Capote
    I am currently working on getting normal maps working in my project, and have run into a problem with lighting. As you can see, the normals in the bottom right quadrant of the lighting isn't calculating the correct direction to the light or something. Best seen by the red light If I use flat normals (z normal = 1.0), it seems to be working fine: normals for the tile sheet: Shader: #version 330 uniform sampler2D uDiffuseTexture; uniform sampler2D uNormalsTexture; uniform sampler2D uSpecularTexture; uniform sampler2D uEmissiveTexture; uniform sampler2D uWorldNormals; uniform sampler2D uShadowMap; uniform vec4 uLightColor; uniform float uConstAtten; uniform float uLinearAtten; uniform float uQuadradicAtten; uniform float uColorIntensity; in vec2 TexCoords; in vec2 GeomSize; out vec4 FragColor; float sample(vec2 coord, float r) { return step(r, texture2D(uShadowMap, coord).r); } float occluded() { float PI = 3.14; vec2 normalized = TexCoords.st * 2.0 - 1.0; float theta = atan(normalized.y, normalized.x); float r = length(normalized); float coord = (theta + PI) / (2.0 * PI); vec2 tc = vec2(coord, 0.0); float center = sample(tc, r); float sum = 0.0; float blur = (1.0 / GeomSize.x) * smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, r); sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x - 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += center * 0.16; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 1.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.15; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 2.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.12; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 3.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.09; sum += sample(vec2(tc.x + 4.0*blur, tc.y), r) * 0.05; return sum * smoothstep(1.0, 0.0, r); } float calcAttenuation(float distance) { float linearAtten = uLinearAtten * distance; float quadAtten = uQuadradicAtten * distance * distance; float attenuation = 1.0 / (uConstAtten + linearAtten + quadAtten); return attenuation; } vec3 calcFragPosition(void) { return vec3(TexCoords*GeomSize, 0.0); } vec3 calcLightPosition(void) { return vec3(GeomSize/2.0, 0.0); } float calcDistance(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return length(fragPos - lightPos); } vec3 calcLightDirection(vec3 fragPos, vec3 lightPos) { return normalize(lightPos - fragPos); } vec4 calcFinalLight(vec2 worldUV, vec3 lightDir, float attenuation) { float diffuseFactor = dot(normalize(texture2D(uNormalsTexture, worldUV).rgb), lightDir); vec4 diffuse = vec4(0.0); vec4 lightColor = uLightColor * uColorIntensity; if(diffuseFactor > 0.0) { diffuse = vec4(texture2D(uDiffuseTexture, worldUV.xy).rgb, 1.0); diffuse *= diffuseFactor; lightColor *= diffuseFactor; } else { discard; } vec4 final = (diffuse + lightColor); if(texture2D(uWorldNormals, worldUV).g > 0.0) { return final * attenuation; } else { return final * occluded(); } } void main(void) { vec3 fragPosition = calcFragPosition(); vec3 lightPosition = calcLightPosition(); float distance = calcDistance(fragPosition, lightPosition); float attenuation = calcAttenuation(distance); vec2 worldPos = gl_FragCoord.xy / vec2(1024, 768); vec3 lightDir = calcLightDirection(fragPosition, lightPosition); lightDir = (lightDir*0.5)+0.5; float atten = calcAttenuation(distance); vec4 emissive = texture2D(uEmissiveTexture, worldPos); FragColor = calcFinalLight(worldPos, lightDir, atten) + emissive; }

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  • scaling point sprites with distance

    - by Will
    How can you scale a point sprite by its distance from the camera? GLSL fragment shader: gl_PointSize = size / gl_Position.w; seems along the right tracks; for any given scene all sprites seem nicely scaled by distance. Is this correct? How do you compute the proper scaling for my vertex attribute size? I want each sprite to be scaled by the modelview matrix. I had played with arbitrary values and it seems that size is the radius in pixels at the camera, and is not in modelview scale. I've also tried: gl_Position = pMatrix * mvMatrix * vec4(vertex,1.0); vec4 v2 = pMatrix * mvMatrix * vec4(vertex.x,vertex.y+0.5*size,vertex.z,1.0); gl_PointSize = length(gl_Position.xyz-v2.xyz) * gl_Position.w; But this makes the sprites be bigger in the distance, rather than smaller:

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  • Best practice for designing a risk-style board game

    - by jyanks
    I'm just trying to figure out how to set up the code for a game like risk... I would like it to be extensible, so that I can have multiple maps (ie- World, North America, Eurasia, Africa) so hardcoding in the map doesn't seem to make a whole lot of sense I'm a bit confused on how/where items should be stored/accessed. Here are the objects I see the game theoretically using: -Countries/Territories -Cities (Can be contained within territories) -Capitols -Connections -Continents -Map -Troops At the moment, I feel like: -A map should have a list of continents and countries. The continents would be more of a 'logical' thing where the continents would just be lists of countries that are checked for bonuses at the start of turns -Countries should have a list of countries that they're connected to for the connections What I can't figure out is: Where do I store the troops? Do I have an object for every single troop or do I just store the number of troops on a country object as an integer? What about capitols and cities? Do those just have a reference to the country they reside in? Is there anything I'm not seeing here that's going to screw me over in the long run with the way that I'm thinking about things now? Any advice would be appreciated.

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  • 2D SAT Collision Detection not working when using certain polygons (With example)

    - by sFuller
    My SAT algorithm falsely reports that collision is occurring when using certain polygons. I believe this happens when using a polygon that does not contain a right angle. Here is a simple diagram of what is going wrong: Here is the problematic code: std::vector<vec2> axesB = polygonB->GetAxes(); //loop over axes B for(int i = 0; i < axesB.size(); i++) { float minA,minB,maxA,maxB; polygonA->Project(axesB[i],&minA,&maxA); polygonB->Project(axesB[i],&minB,&maxB); float intervalDistance = polygonA->GetIntervalDistance(minA, maxA, minB, maxB); if(intervalDistance >= 0) return false; //Collision not occurring } This function retrieves axes from the polygon: std::vector<vec2> Polygon::GetAxes() { std::vector<vec2> axes; for(int i = 0; i < verts.size(); i++) { vec2 a = verts[i]; vec2 b = verts[(i+1)%verts.size()]; vec2 edge = b-a; axes.push_back(vec2(-edge.y,edge.x).GetNormailzed()); } return axes; } This function returns the normalized vector: vec2 vec2::GetNormailzed() { float mag = sqrt( x*x + y*y ); return *this/mag; } This function projects a polygon onto an axis: void Polygon::Project(vec2* axis, float* min, float* max) { float d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[0]); float _min = d; float _max = d; for(int i = 1; i < verts.size(); i++) { d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[i]); _min = std::min(_min,d); _max = std::max(_max,d); } *min = _min; *max = _max; } This function returns the dot product of the vector with another vector. float vec2::DotProduct(vec2* other) { return (x*other->x + y*other->y); } Could anyone give me a pointer in the right direction to what could be causing this bug? Edit: I forgot this function, which gives me the interval distance: float Polygon::GetIntervalDistance(float minA, float maxA, float minB, float maxB) { float intervalDistance; if (minA < minB) { intervalDistance = minB - maxA; } else { intervalDistance = minA - maxB; } return intervalDistance; //A positive value indicates this axis can be separated. } Edit 2: I have recreated the problem in HTML5/Javascript: Demo

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  • Check for bodies within a specific circle in Box2D

    - by ltjax
    I'm trying to find positions to insert new bodies into my world. For that, I'd like to have a "free" spot where this body wouldn't overlap with anything else. So my plan was to sample "random" positions and check whether they overlap with my "potential" new body. Since my bodies are always circular, I'd need to test within a given circle. So far, the only way to use box2d for this seems to use b2World::QueryAABB around my circle and manually doing an overlap test with all the fixtures it gives me (Box2D doesn't event seem to allow me to tap into its overlapping tests?!). It seems to me like Box2D should already provide such functionality - is there a way that lets me do this without reinventing most of the wheel again?

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  • Object pools for efficient resource management

    - by GameDevEnthusiast
    How can I avoid using default new() to create each object? My previous demo had very unpleasant framerate hiccups during dynamic memory allocations (usually, when arrays are resized), and creating lots of small objects which often contain one pointer to some DirectX resource seems like an awful lot of waste. I'm thinking about: Creating a master look-up table to refer to objects by handles (for safety & ease of serialization), much like EntityList in source engine Creating a templated object pool, which will store items contiguously (more cache-friendly, fast iteration, etc.) and the stored elements will be accessed (by external systems) via the global lookup table. The object pool will use the swap-with-last trick for fast removal (it will invoke the object's ~destructor first) and will update the corresponding indices in the global table accordingly (when growing/shrinking/moving elements). The elements will be copied via plain memcpy(). Is it a good idea? Will it be safe to store objects of non-POD types (e.g. pointers, vtable) in such containers? Related post: Dynamic Memory Allocation and Memory Management

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  • Scaling Sound Effects and Physics with Framerate

    - by Thomas Bradsworth
    (I'm using XNA and C#) Currently, my game (a shooter) runs flawlessly with 60 FPS (which I developed around). However, if the framerate is changed, there are two major problems: Gunshot sound effects are slower Jumping gets messed up Here's how I play gunshot sounds: update(gametime) { if(leftMouseButton.down) { enqueueBulletForSend(); playGunShot(); } } Now, obviously, the frequency of playGunShot depends on the framerate. I can easily fix the issue if the FPS is higher than 60 FPS by capping the shooting rate of the gun, but what if the FPS is less than 60? At first I thought to just loop and play more gunshots per frame, but I found that this can cause audio clipping or make the bullets fire in "clumps." Now for the second issue: Here's how jumping works in my game: if(jumpKey.Down && canJump) { velocity.Y += 0.224f; } // ... (other code) ... if(!onGround) velocity.Y += GRAVITY_ACCELERATION * elapsedSeconds; position += velocity; The issue here is that at < 60 FPS, the "intermediate" velocity is lost and therefore the character jumps lower. At 60 FPS, the game adds more "intermediate" velocities, and therefore the character jumps higher. For example, at 60 FPS, the following occurs: Velocity increased to 0.224 Not on ground, so velocity decreased by X Position increased by (0.224 - X) <-- this is the "intermediate" velocity At 30 FPS, the following occurs: Velocity increased to 0.224 Not on ground, so velocity decreased by 2X Position increased by (0.224 - 2X) <-- the "intermediate" velocity was lost All help is appreciated!

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  • Optimal sprite size for rotations

    - by Panda Pajama
    I am making a sprite based game, and I have a bunch of images that I get in a ridiculously large resolution and I scale them to the desired sprite size (for example 64x64 pixels) before converting them to a game resource, so when draw my sprite inside the game, I don't have to scale it. However, if I rotate this small sprite inside the game (engine agnostically), some destination pixels will get interpolated, and the sprite will look smudged. This is of course dependent on the rotation angle as well as the interpolation algorithm, but regardless, there is not enough data to correctly sample a specific destination pixel. So there are two solutions I can think of. The first is to use the original huge image, rotate it to the desired angles, and then downscale all the reaulting variations, and put them in an atlas, which has the advantage of being quite simple to implement, but naively consumes twice as much sprite space for each rotation (each rotation must be inscribed in a circle whose diameter is the diagonal of the original sprite's rectangle, whose area is twice of that original rectangle, supposing square sprites). It also has the disadvantage of only having a predefined set of rotations available, which may be okay or not depending on the game. So the other choice would be to store a larger image, and rotate and downscale while rendering, which leads to my question. What is the optimal size for this sprite? Optimal meaning that a larger image will have no effect in the resulting image. This is definitely dependent on the image size, the amount of desired rotations without data loss down to 1/256, which is the minimum representable color difference. I am looking for a theoretical general answer to this problem, because trying a bunch of sizes may be okay, but is far from optimal.

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  • Circle-Rectangle collision in a tile map game

    - by furiousd
    I am making a 2D tile map based putt-putt game. I have collision detection working between the ball and the walls of the map, although when the ball collides at the meeting point between 2 tiles I offset it by 0.5 so that it doesn't get stuck in the wall. This aint a huge issue though. if(y % 20 == 0) { y+=0.5; } if(x % 20 == 0) { x+=0.5; } Collisions work as follows Find the closest point between each tile and the center of the ball If distance(ball_x, ball_y, close_x, close_y) <= ball_radius and the closest point belongs to a solid object, collision has occured Invert X/Y speed according to side of object collided with The next thing I tried to do was implement floating blocks in the middle of the map for the ball to bounce off of. When a ball collides with a corner of the block, it gets stuck in it. So I changed my determineRebound() function to treat corners as if they were circles. Here's that functon: `i and j are indexes of the solid object in the 2d map array. x & y are centre point of ball.` void determineRebound(int _i, int _j) { if(y > _i*tile_w && y < _i*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner xs*=-1; } else if(x > _j*tile_w && x < _j*tile_w + tile_w) { //Not a corner ys*=-1; } else { //Corner float nx = x - close_x; float ny = y - close_y; float len = sqrt(nx * nx + ny * ny); nx /= len; ny /= len; float projection = xs * nx + ys * ny; xs -= 2 * projection * nx; ys -= 2 * projection * ny; } } This is where things have gotten messy. Collisions with 'floating' corners work fine, but now when the ball collides near the meeting point of 2 tiles, it detects a corner collision and does not rebound as expected. I'm a bit in over my head at this point. I guess I'm wondering if I'm going about making this sort of game in the right way. Is a 2d tile map the way to go? If so, is there a problem with my collision logic and where am I going wrong? Any advice/feedback would be great.

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  • OpenGL textures trigger error 1281 if SFML is not called

    - by user3714670
    I am using SOIL to apply textures to VBOs, without textures i could change the background and display black (default color) vbos easily, but now with textures, openGL is giving an error 1281, the background is black and some textures are not applied. but the first texture IS applied (nothing else is working though). The strange thing is : if i create a dummy texture with SFML in the same program, all other textures do work. So i guess there is something i forgot in the texture creation/application, if someone could enlighten me. Here is the code i use to load textures, once loaded it is kept in memory, it mostly comes from the example of SOIL : texture = SOIL_load_OGL_single_cubemap( filename, SOIL_DDS_CUBEMAP_FACE_ORDER, SOIL_LOAD_AUTO, SOIL_CREATE_NEW_ID, SOIL_FLAG_POWER_OF_TWO | SOIL_FLAG_MIPMAPS | SOIL_FLAG_DDS_LOAD_DIRECT ); if( texture > 0 ) { glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP ); glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S ); glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T ); glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_GEN_R ); glTexGeni( GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_REFLECTION_MAP ); glTexGeni( GL_T, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_REFLECTION_MAP ); glTexGeni( GL_R, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_REFLECTION_MAP ); glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, texture ); std::cout << "the loaded single cube map ID was " << texture << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Attempting to load as a HDR texture" << std::endl; texture = SOIL_load_OGL_HDR_texture( filename, SOIL_HDR_RGBdivA2, 0, SOIL_CREATE_NEW_ID, SOIL_FLAG_POWER_OF_TWO | SOIL_FLAG_MIPMAPS ); if( texture < 1 ) { std::cout << "Attempting to load as a simple 2D texture" << std::endl; texture = SOIL_load_OGL_texture( filename, SOIL_LOAD_AUTO, SOIL_CREATE_NEW_ID, SOIL_FLAG_POWER_OF_TWO | SOIL_FLAG_MIPMAPS | SOIL_FLAG_DDS_LOAD_DIRECT ); } if( texture > 0 ) { // enable texturing glEnable( GL_TEXTURE_2D ); // bind an OpenGL texture ID glBindTexture( GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture ); std::cout << "the loaded texture ID was " << texture << std::endl; } else { glDisable( GL_TEXTURE_2D ); std::cout << "Texture loading failed: '" << SOIL_last_result() << "'" << std::endl; } } and how i apply it when drawing : GLuint TextureID = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "myTextureSampler"); if(!TextureID) cout << "TextureID not found ..." << endl; // glEnableVertexAttribArray(TextureID); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); if(SFML) sf::Texture::bind(sfml_texture); else { glBindTexture (GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture); // glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, 1024, 768, 0, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, &texture); } glUniform1i(TextureID, 0); I am not sure that SOIL is adapted to my program as i want something as simple as possible (i used sfml's texture object which was the best but i can't anymore), but if i can get it to work it would be great.

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  • Elliptical orbit modeling

    - by Nathon
    I'm playing with orbits in a simple 2-d game where a ship flies around in space and is attracted to massive things. The ship's velocity is stored in a vector and acceleration is applied to it every frame as appropriate given Newton's law of universal gravitation. The point masses don't move (there's only 1 right now) so I would expect an elliptical orbit. Instead, I see this: I've tried with nearly circular orbits, and I've tried making the masses vastly different (a factor of a million) but I always get this rotated orbit. Here's some (D) code, for context: void accelerate(Vector delta) { velocity = velocity + delta; // Velocity is a member of the ship class. } // This function is called every frame with the fixed mass. It's a // method of the ship's. void fall(Well well) { // f=(m1 * m2)/(r**2) // a=f/m // Ship mass is 1, so a = f. float mass = 1; Vector delta = well.position - loc; float rSquared = delta.magSquared; float force = well.mass/rSquared; accelerate(delta * force * mass); }

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  • How can I achieve strong typing with a component messaging system?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I'm looking at implementing a messaging system in my entity component system. I've deduced that I can use an event / queue for passing messages, but right now, I just use a generic object and cast out the data I want. I also considered using a dictionary. I see a lot of information on this, but they all involve a lot of casting and guessing. Is there any way to do this elegantly and keep strong typing on my messages?

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  • projected textures not appear on the "back" of the mesh as well?

    - by user975135
    I want to create blood wounds on my character's bodies by using projected textures. I've watched some commentaries on games like Left 4 Dead and they say they use projected textures for the blood. But the way projected textures work is that if you project a texture on a rigged character, say his chest, it will also appear on his back. So what's the trick? How to get projected textures appear only on one "side" of the mesh? I use the Panda3D game engine, if that will help.

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  • ways to program glitch style effects

    - by okkk
    Most tutorials for generating glitch art usually has to do with some form of manipulation of the compression of files. Should my goal instead to replicate the look of these glitches in shaders or is it somehow possible to authentically generate the compression artifacts in real time? Example: This effect which I'm particularly interested is referred to as datamoshing. It does "things" using the p-frames of a video (frames that I think store just the change in pixels). I feel like I need a better understanding of both graphics programming and data-compression.

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  • Better way to load level content in XNA?

    - by user2002495
    Currently I loaded all my assets in XNA in the main Game class. What I want to achieve later is that I only load specific assets for specific levels (the game will consist of many levels). Here is how I load my main assets into the main class: protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); plane = new Player(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Player/playerSprite"), 6, 8); plane.animation = "down"; plane.pos = new Vector2(400, 500); plane.fps = 15; Global.currentPos = plane.pos; lvl1 = new Level1(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Levels/bgLvl1"), Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Levels/bgLvl1-other"), new Vector2(0, 0), new Vector2(0, -600)); CommonBullet.LoadContent(Content); CommonEnemyBullet.LoadContent(Content); } protected override void UnloadContent() { } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); plane.Update(gameTime); lvl1.Update(gameTime); foreach (CommonEnemy ce in cel) { if (ce.CollidesWith(plane)) { ce.hasSpawn = false; } foreach (CommonBullet b in plane.commonBulletList) { if (b.CollidesWith(ce)) { ce.hasSpawn = false; } } ce.Update(gameTime); } LoadCommonEnemy(); base.Update(gameTime); } private void LoadCommonEnemy() { int randY = rand.Next(-600, -10); int randX = rand.Next(0, 750); if (cel.Count < 3) { cel.Add(new CommonEnemy(Content.Load<Texture2D>(@"Enemy/Common/commonEnemySprite"), 7, 2, "left", randX, randY)); } for (int i = 0; i < cel.Count; i++) { if (!cel[i].hasSpawn) { cel.RemoveAt(i); i--; } } } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); spriteBatch.Begin(); lvl1.Draw(spriteBatch); plane.Draw(spriteBatch); foreach (CommonEnemy ce in cel) { ce.Draw(spriteBatch); } spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } I wish to load my players, enemies, all in Level1 class. However, when I move my player & enemy code into the Level1 class, the gameTime returns null. Here is my Level1 class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using SpaceShooter_Beta.Animation.PlayerCollection; using SpaceShooter_Beta.Animation.EnemyCollection.Common; namespace SpaceShooter_Beta.Levels { public class Level1 { public Texture2D bgTexture1, bgTexture2; public Vector2 bgPos1, bgPos2; public float speed = 5f; Player plane; public Level1(Texture2D texture1, Texture2D texture2, Vector2 pos1, Vector2 pos2) { this.bgTexture1 = texture1; this.bgTexture2 = texture2; this.bgPos1 = pos1; this.bgPos2 = pos2; } public void LoadContent(ContentManager cm) { plane = new Player(cm.Load<Texture2D>(@"Player/playerSprite"), 6, 8); plane.animation = "down"; plane.pos = new Vector2(400, 500); plane.fps = 15; Global.currentPos = plane.pos; } public void Draw(SpriteBatch sb) { sb.Draw(bgTexture1, bgPos1, Color.White); sb.Draw(bgTexture2, bgPos2, Color.White); plane.Draw(sb); } public void Update(GameTime gt) { bgPos1.Y += speed; bgPos2.Y += speed; if (bgPos1.Y >= 600) { bgPos1.Y = -600; } if (bgPos2.Y >= 600) { bgPos2.Y = -600; } plane.Update(gt); } } } Of course when I did this, I delete all my player's code in the main Game class. All of that works fine (no errors) except that the game cannot start. The debugger says that plane.Update(gt); in Level 1 class has null GameTime, same thing with the Draw method in the Level class. Please help, I appreciate for the time. [EDIT] I know that using switch in the main class can be a solution. But I prefer a cleaner solution than that, since using switch still means I need to load all the assets through the main class, the code will be A LOT later on for each levels

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  • CW/CCW Rotation of a Vector

    - by user23132
    Considering that I have a vector A, and after an arbitrary rotation I get vector B. I want to use this rotation operation in others vectors as well, but I'm having problems in doing that. My idea do that is to calculate the perpendicular vector C of the plane AB (by calculating AxB). This vector C is the axis that I'll need to rotate. To discover the angle I used the dot product between A and B, the acos of the dot product will return the lowest angle between A and B, the angle ang. The rotation I need to do is then: -rotate *ang*º around the C axis. The problem is that I dont know if this rotation is a CW or CCW rotation, since the cos of the dot product does not give me information of the sign of the angle. There's a tip discover that in 2D ( A.x * B.y - A.y * B.x) that you can use to discover if the vector A is at left/right of vector B. But I dont know how to do this in 3D space. Can anyone help me?

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  • Algorithm to shoot at a target in a 3d game

    - by Sebastian Bugiu
    For those of you remembering Descent Freespace it had a nice feature to help you aim at the enemy when shooting non-homing missiles or lasers: it showed a crosshair in front of the ship you chased telling you where to shoot in order to hit the moving target. I tried using the answer from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4107403/ai-algorithm-to-shoot-at-a-target-in-a-2d-game?lq=1 but it's for 2D so I tried adapting it. I first decomposed the calculation to solve the intersection point for XoZ plane and saved the x and z coordinates and then solving the intersection point for XoY plane and adding the y coordinate to a final xyz that I then transformed to clipspace and put a texture at those coordinates. But of course it doesn't work as it should or else I wouldn't have posted the question. From what I notice the after finding x in XoZ plane and the in XoY the x is not the same so something must be wrong. float a = ENG_Math.sqr(targetVelocity.x) + ENG_Math.sqr(targetVelocity.y) - ENG_Math.sqr(projectileSpeed); float b = 2.0f * (targetVelocity.x * targetPos.x + targetVelocity.y * targetPos.y); float c = ENG_Math.sqr(targetPos.x) + ENG_Math.sqr(targetPos.y); ENG_Math.solveQuadraticEquation(a, b, c, collisionTime); First time targetVelocity.y is actually targetVelocity.z (the same for targetPos) and the second time it's actually targetVelocity.y. The final position after XoZ is crossPosition.set(minTime * finalEntityVelocity.x + finalTargetPos4D.x, 0.0f, minTime * finalEntityVelocity.z + finalTargetPos4D.z); and after XoY crossPosition.y = minTime * finalEntityVelocity.y + finalTargetPos4D.y; Is my approach of separating into 2 planes and calculating any good? Or for 3D there is a whole different approach? sqr() is square not sqrt - avoiding a confusion.

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  • Applying prerecorded animations to models with the same skeleton

    - by Jeremias Pflaumbaum
    well my question sounds a bit like, how do I apply mo-cap animations to my model, but thats not really it I guess. Animations and model share the same skeleton, but the models vary in size and proportion, but I still want to be able to apply any animation to any model. I think this should be possible since the models got the same skeleton bone structure and the bones are always in the same area only their position varies from model to model. In particular Im trying to apply this to 2D characters that got 2arm, 2legs, a head and a body, but if you got anything related to that topic even if its 3D related or keywords, articles, books whatever Im gratefull for everything cause Im a bit stuck at the moment. cheers Jery

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  • Quake 3 Bot Programming Example

    - by Manni
    I would like to implement an intelligent bot for Quake-3. I downloaded the and built the code successfully under Linux. My problem is that I couldn't find any complete tutorial telling me how to build an agent; telling which files to use( as there are many files in the source code). Can you give me a website or piece of source code telling me how to start? Or something like an example source code for a bot.

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