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• How can I initialize an ActiveX control from a URL?

  - by Peter Ruderman

  I have an MFC ActiveX control embedded in a web page. Some of the parameters for this control are very large. I don't know what these values will be at compile time, but I do know that once retrieved, they will almost certainly never change. Currently, I embed the parameters like so: <object name="MyActiveX"> <param name="param" value="<%= GetData() %>" /> </object> I want to do something like this: <object name="MyActiveX"> <param name="param" value="content/data" valuetype="ref" /> </object> The idea is that the browser would retrieve the resource from the web server and pass it on to the control. The browser's own caching would then take care of the unneccesary downloads. Unfortunately, ref parameters don't work like this. The browser just passes the url along to the control (which strikes me as utterly useless, but I digress). So, is there some way I can make this work? Alternatively, is there an easy way in MFC to instruct the control's host container to retrieve a URI identified resource? Any better ideas?

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• Recursion Problem in PHP

  - by streetparade

  I need to create a valid xml from a given array(); My Method looks like this, protected function array2Xml($array) { $xml = ""; if(is_array($array)) { foreach($array as $key=>$value) { $xml .= "<$key>"; if(is_array($value)) { $xml .= $this->array2Xml($value); } $xml .= "</$key>"; } return $xml; } else { throw new Exception("in valid"); } } protected function createValidXMLfromArray($array,$node) { $xml = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>'; $xmlArray = $this->array2Xml($array); $xml .= "<$node>$xmlArray</$node>"; return $xml; } if i execute the above i just get keys with empty values; like <node> <name></name> </node> What i need is if i pass this array("name"=>"test","value"=>array("test1"=>33,"test2"=>40)); that it return this <node> <name>test</name> <value> <test1>33</test1> <test2>40</test2> </value> </node> Where is the error what did i wrong in the above recursion?

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• How can I split abstract testcases in JUnit?

  - by Willi Schönborn

  I have an abstract testcase "AbstractATest" for an interface "A". It has several test methods (@Test) and one abstract method: protected abstract A unit(); which provides the unit under testing. No i have multiple implementations of "A", e.g. "DefaultA", "ConcurrentA", etc. My problem: The testcase is huge (~1500 loc) and it's growing. So i wanted to split it into multiple testcases. How can organize/structure this in Junit 4 without the need to have a concrete testcase for every implementation and abstract testcase. I want e.g. "AInitializeTest", "AExectueTest" and "AStopTest". Each being abstract and containing multiple tests. But for my concrete "ConcurrentA", i only want to have one concrete testcase "ConcurrentATest". I hope my "problem" is clear. EDIT Looks like my description was not that clear. Is it possible to pass a reference to a test? I know parameterized tests, but these require static methods, which is not applicable to my setup. Subclasses of an abstract testcase decide about the parameter.

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• Why does reusing arrays increase performance so significantly in c#?

  - by Willem

  In my code, I perform a large number of tasks, each requiring a large array of memory to temporarily store data. I have about 500 tasks. At the beginning of each task, I allocate memory for an array : double[] tempDoubleArray = new double[M]; M is a large number depending on the precise task, typically around 2000000. Now, I do some complex calculations to fill the array, and in the end I use the array to determine the result of this task. After that, the tempDoubleArray goes out of scope. Profiling reveals that the calls to construct the arrays are time consuming. So, I decide to try and reuse the array, by making it static and reusing it. It requires some additional juggling to figure out the minimum size of the array, requiring an extra pass through all tasks, but it works. Now, the program is much faster (from 80 sec to 22 sec for execution of all tasks). double[] tempDoubleArray = staticDoubleArray; However, I'm a bit in the dark of why precisely this works so well. Id say that in the original code, when the tempDoubleArray goes out of scope, it can be collected, so allocating a new array should not be that hard right? I ask this because understanding why it works might help me figuring out other ways to achieve the same effect, and because I would like to know in what cases allocation gives performance issues.

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• sending specific data into a collection partial

  - by mikeglaz

  I have a User class with a has_many :messages and a Message class which belongs_to :user. In the Message controller's show action has the corresponding view: <% if @messages.any? %> <ol class="microposts"> <%= render partial: 'shared/message', collection: @messages %> </ol> <% end %> And the shared/_message.html.erb template looks like this: <li id="<%= message.id %>"> <span class="content"><%= message.body %></span> <% user_id = message.from %> <% user = User.find(user_id) %> From: <%= user.name %> </li> I feel like the following two lines should be done in the Messages controller from what I read in tutorials on Rails: <% user_id = message.from %> <% user = User.find(user_id) %> But how would I pass each message's corresponding from value (which stores user.id) into the partial? thanks, mike

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• IList<T> vs IEnumerable<T>. What is more efficient IList<T> or IEnumerable<T>

  - by bigb

  What is more efficient way to make methods return IList<T> or IEnumerable<T>? IEnumerable<T> it is immutable collection but IList<T> mutable and contain a lot of useful methods and properties. To cast IList<T> to IEnumerable<T> it is just reference copy: IList<T> l = new List<T>(); IEnumerable<T> e = l; To cast IEnumerable<T> to List<T> we need to iterate each element or to call ToList() method: IEnumerable<T>.ToList(); or may pass IEnumerable<T> to List<T> constructor which doing the same iteration somewhere within its constructor. List<T> l = new List<T>(e); Which cases you think is more efficient? Which you prefer more in your practice?

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• Event Dispatching, void pointer and alternatives

  - by PeeS

  i have my event dispatching / handling functionality working fine, but there is one issue that i need to resolve. Long story short, here are the details. // The event structure struct tEventMessage { // Type of the event int Type; // (void*) Allows those to be casted into per-Type objects void *pArgument1; void *pArgument2; }; I am sending events from different modules in my engine by using the above structure, which requires a pointer to an argument. All messages are queued, and then dispatched on the next ::Tick(). It works fine, untill i try to send something that doesn't exist in next ::Tick, for example: When a mouse click is being handled, it calculates the click coordinates in world space. This is being sent with a pointer to a vector representing that position, but after my program quits that method, this pointer gets invalid obviously, cause local CVector3 is destructed: CVector2 vScreenSpacePosition = vAt; CVector3 v3DPositionA = CVector3(0,0,0); CVector3 v3DPositionB = CVector3(0,0,0); // Screen space to World space calculation for depth zNear v3DPositionA = CMath::UnProject(vScreenSpacePosition, m_vScreenSize, m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getViewMatrix(), m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getProjectionMatrix(), -1.0 ); // Screen space to World space calculation for depth zFar v3DPositionB = CMath::UnProject(vScreenSpacePosition, m_vScreenSize, m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getViewMatrix(), m_Level.GetCurrentCamera()->getProjectionMatrix(), 1.0); // Send zFar position and ScreenSpace position to the handlers // Obviously both vectors won't be valid after this method quits.. CEventDispatcher::Get()->SendEvent(CIEventHandler::EVENT_SYSTEM_FINGER_DOWN, static_cast<void*>(&v3DPositionB), static_cast<void*>(&vScreenSpacePosition)); What i want to ask is, if there is any chance i could make my tEventMessage more 'template', so i can handle sending objects like in the above situation + use what is already implemented? Can't figure it out at the moment.. What else can be done here to allow me to pass some locally available data ? Please can somebody shed a bit of light on this please?

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• How can I get a list of modified records from a SQL Server database?

  - by Pixelfish

  I am currently in the process of revamping my company's management system to run a little more lean in terms of network traffic. Right now I'm trying to figure out an effective way to query only the records that have been modified (by any user) since the last time I asked. When the application starts it loads the job information and caches it locally like the following: SELECT * FROM jobs. I am writing out the date/time a record was modified ala UPDATE jobs SET Widgets=@Widgets, LastModified=GetDate() WHERE JobID=@JobID. When any user requests the list of jobs I query all records that have been modified since the last time I requested the list like the following: SELECT * FROM jobs WHERE LastModified>=@LastRequested and store the date/time of the request to pass in as @LastRequest when the user asks again. In theory this will return only the records that have been modified since the last request. The issue I'm running into is when the user's date/time is not quite in sync with the server's date/time and also of server load when querying an un-indexed date/time column. Is there a more effective system then querying date/time information?

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• Procesing 16bit sample audio

  - by user2431088

  Right now i have an audio file (2 Channels, 44.1kHz Sample Rate, 16bit Sample size, WAV) I would like to pass it into this method but i am not sure of any way to convert the WAV file to a byte array. /// <summary> /// Process 16 bit sample /// </summary> /// <param name="wave"></param> public void Process(ref byte[] wave) { _waveLeft = new double[wave.Length / 4]; _waveRight = new double[wave.Length / 4]; if (_isTest == false) { // Split out channels from sample int h = 0; for (int i = 0; i < wave.Length; i += 4) { _waveLeft[h] = (double)BitConverter.ToInt16(wave, i); _waveRight[h] = (double)BitConverter.ToInt16(wave, i + 2); h++; } } else { // Generate artificial sample for testing _signalGenerator = new SignalGenerator(); _signalGenerator.SetWaveform("Sine"); _signalGenerator.SetSamplingRate(44100); _signalGenerator.SetSamples(16384); _signalGenerator.SetFrequency(5000); _signalGenerator.SetAmplitude(32768); _waveLeft = _signalGenerator.GenerateSignal(); _waveRight = _signalGenerator.GenerateSignal(); } // Generate frequency domain data in decibels _fftLeft = FourierTransform.FFTDb(ref _waveLeft); _fftRight = FourierTransform.FFTDb(ref _waveRight); }

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• jQuery .load() call doesn't execute javascript in loaded html file

  - by Mike

  This seems to be a problem related to Safari only. I've tried 4 on mac and 3 on windows and am still having no luck. What I'm trying to do is load an external html file and have the Javascript that is embedded execute. The code I'm trying to use is this: $("#myBtn").click(function() { $("#myDiv").load("trackingCode.html"); }); trackingCode.html looks like this (simple now, but will expand once/if I get this working): <html> <head> <title>Tracking HTML File</title> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> alert("outside the jQuery ready"); $(function() { alert("inside the jQuery ready"); }); </script> </head> <body> </body> </html> I'm seeing both alert messages in IE (6 & 7) and Firefox (2 & 3). However, I am not able to see the messages in Safari (the last browser that I need to be concerned with - project requirements - please no flame wars). Any thoughts on why Safari is ignoring the Javascript in the trackingCode.html file? Eventually I'd like to be able to pass Javascript objects to this trackingCode.html file to be used within the jQuery ready call, but I'd like to make sure this is possible in all browsers before I go down that road. Thanks for your help!

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• Declaring an object of a conditional type with a System.Type

  - by Chapso

  I am attempting to launch a specific form depending on the selected node of a treeview on the doubleclick event. The code I need to use to launch the form is a little bulky becuase I have to ensure that the form is not disposed, and that the form is not already open, before launching a new instance. I'd like to have all of this checking happen in one place at the end of the function, which means that I have to be able to pass the right form type to the code at the end. I'm trying to do this with a System.Type, but that doesn't seem to be working. Could someone point me in the right direction, please? With TreeView.SelectedNode Dim formType As Type Select Case .Text Case "Email to VPs" formType = EmailForm.GetType() Case "Revise Replacers" formType = DedicatedReplacerForm.GetType() Case "Start Email" formType = EmailForm.GetType() End Select Dim form As formType Dim form As formType Try form = CType(.Tag, formType) If Not form.IsDisposed Then form.Activate() Exit Sub End If Catch ex As NullReferenceException 'This will error out the first time it is run as the form has not yet ' been defined. End Try form = New formType form.MdiParent = Me .Tag = form CType(TreeView.SelectedNode.Tag, Form).Show() End With

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• HTML form with single text field + preventing postback in Internet Explorer

  - by SudheerKovalam

  I have noticed a rather strange behaviour in IE. I have a HTML form with a single input text field and a submit button On Submit click I need to execute a client side JavaScript function that does the necessary. Now when I want to prevent the postback in the text field (on enter key press) I have added a key press JavaScript function that looks like this: <input type=text onkeypress="return OnEnterKeyPress(event)" /> function OnEnterKeyPress(event) { var keyNum = 0; if (window.event) // IE { keyNum = event.keyCode; } else if (event.which) // Netscape/Firefox/Opera { keyNum = event.which; } else return true; if (keyNum == 13) // Enter Key pressed, then start search, else do nothing. { OnButtonClick(); return false; } else return true; } Strangly this doesn't work. But if I pass the text field to the function : <input type=text onkeypress="return OnEnterKeyPress(this,event);" /> function OnEnterKeyPress(thisForm,event) { var keyNum = 0; if (window.event) // IE { keyNum = event.keyCode; } else if (event.which) // Netscape/Firefox/Opera { keyNum = event.which; } else return true; if (keyNum == 13) // Enter Key pressed, then start search, else do nothing. { OnButtonClick(); return false; } else return true; } I am able to prevent the postback. Can anyone confirm what is exactly happening here?? the HTML form has just one text box and a submit button The resultant o/p of the JavaScript function executed on submit is displayed in a HTML text area in a separate div.

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• How do I refer to a client_deploy.wsdd file that's in WEB-INF?

  - by Paul

  A basic question, but I can't seem to find the answer. I have an Axis-generated web service that also calls another web service (for which the stubs are also generated with Axis). It's deployed in weblogic 9.2 That called web service requires authentication. I've googled for the code to set up authentication. It requires that I set up a client_deploy.wsdd file which I've done, and added it to WEB-INF. I need to specify this flle to Axis. There seem to be several ways of doing this, including System.setProperty("axis.ClientConfigFile", "client_deploy.wsdd") or EngineConfiguration config = new FileProvider("client_deploy.wsdd"); but these aren't working for me. Is the issue the path for the client_deploy.wsdd file? How do I refer to a file that's at the top level of the WEB-INF directory? Googling tells me how to access it as a stream, but I don't want that, I need to pass a file name to these functions... Please point out the obvious that I have missed

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• In CakePHP, how do I create a form to list models withing a date range?

  - by anonymous coward

  I have a very simple model that includes the auto-filled field much like 'created'. (DateTime format). I'd like to use the Form helpers if possible, to validate the date fields and whatnot. I'd like a simple form with a "Begin Date" (YMD, 12 hours), and an "End Date" (same format). There is already a controller action set up as follows: function view_between($start_date = null, $end_date = null) { // ... stuff that works correctly when the URL is manually entered. } Have I defined the controller wrong, or how can I pass these values into that function? The reason I'm stuck is because I tried adding a $form->input('my_datetime_field' ...) twice, but obviously the name/id were the same on the respective elements. I have also tried using $form->dateTime(...) with similar results. I'm not sure how to uniquely identify a Begin and End date selection, when it should interact with a single field. Am I going about this wrong? A kind shove in the right direction should suffice.

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• Call stored proc using xml output from a table

  - by user263097

  Under a tight deadline and I know I can figure this out eventually but I don't have much time to do it on my own. I have a table that has columns for customer id and account number among many other additional columns. There could be many accounts for a single customer (Many rows with the same customer id but different account number). For each customer in the table I need to call a stored procedure and pass data from my table as xml in the following format. Notice that the xml is for all of the customers accounts. <Accounts> <Account> <AccountNumber>12345</AccountNumber> <AccountStatus>Open</AccountStatus> </Account> <Account> <AccountNumber>54321</AccountNumber> <AccountStatus>Closed</AccountStatus> </Account> </Accounts> So I guess I need help with 2 things. First, how to get the data in this xml format. I assuming I'll use some variation of FOR XML. The other thing is how do I group by customer id and then call a sproc for each customer id?

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• Need a design approach or suggestion for a simple structure using Servlet.

  - by akshay

  Hi I have to design such that whenever user pass a query I process it using servlet and then call the js page to draw the chart 1 user writes a query on a page 2 the page call the servelt class public class MyServlet extends Httpservlet implements DataSourceServlet {..... return data The user see a beautiful string like this.. google.visualization.Query.setResponse......... /Tiger'},{v:80.0}, {v:false}]}]}}); 3 when the user hits on different html page myhtml.js it draws the chart. I want the Myservlet class itself call the myhtml.js page and draw the chart directly. and want to eliminate the beautiful string google.visualization.Query.setResponse......... /Tiger'},{v:80.0}, {v:false}]}]}}); from coming on user's browser What should i do? I tried using functions to call another page like request dispatcher(), redirect() calling myhtml.js page directly after myservlet process the query results. But i get the result like this google.visualization.Query.setResponse......... /Tiger'},{v:80.0}, {v:false}]}]}}); and the entire myhtml.js code page below it on the browsers that to without the chart been draw. Is there anyway to element the beautiful string from coming on clients browser and only show them the chart been drawn ? :) This is the small tutorial i am following http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/documentation/dev/dsl_get_started.html

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• Extracting a number from a 1-word string

  - by Kyle

  In this program I am trying to make, I have an expression (such as "I=23mm", or "H=4V") and I am trying to extract the 23 (or the 4) out of it, so that I can turn it into an integer. The problem I keep running into is that since the expression I am trying to take the numbers out of is 1 word, I cannot use split() or anything. One example I saw but wouldnt work was - I="I=2.7A" [int(s) for s in I.split() if s.isdigit()] This wouldnt work because it only takes the numbers are are delimited by spaces. If there was a number in the word int078vert, it wouldnt extract it. Also, mine doesnt have spaces to delimit. I tried one that looked like this, re.findall("\d+.\d+", "Amps= 1.4 I") but it didnt work either, because the number that is being passed is not always 2 digits. It could be something like 5, or something like 13.6. What code do I need to write so that if I pass a string, such as I="I=2.4A" or I="A=3V" So that I can extract only the number out of this string? (and do operations on it)? There are no spaces or other constant chars that I can delimit by.

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• How to detect iPhone movement in space using accelerometer ?

  - by super_tomtom

  Hi ! I am trying to make an application that would detect what kind of shape you made with your iPhone using accelerometer. As an example, if you draw a circle with your hand holding the iPhone, the app would be able to redraw it on the screen. This could also work with squares, or even more complicated shapes. The only example of application I've seen doing such a thing is AirPaint (http://vimeo.com/2276713), but it doesn't seems to be able to do it in real time. My first try is to apply a low-pass filter on the X and Y parameters from the accelerometer, and to make a pointer move toward these values, proportionally to the size of the screen. But this is clearly not enought, I have a very low accuracy, and if I shake the device it also makes the pointer move... Any ideas about that ? Do you think accelerometer data is enought to do it ? Or should I consider using other data, such as the compass ? Thanks in advance !

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• When to save a mongoose model

  - by kentcdodds

  This is an architectural question. I have models like this: var foo = new mongoose.Schema({ name: String, bars: [{type: ObjectId, ref: 'Bar'}] }); var FooModel = mongoose.model('Foo', foo); var bar = new mongoose.Schema({ foobar: String }); var BarModel = mongoose.model('Bar', bar); Then I want to implement a convenience method like this: BarModel.methods.addFoo = function(foo) { foo.bars = foo.bars || []; // Side note, is this something I should check here? foo.bars.push(this.id); // Here's the line I'm wondering about... Should I include the line below? foo.save(); } The biggest con I see about this is that if I did include foo.save() then I should pass in a callback to addFoo so I avoid issues with the async operation. I'm thinking this is not preferable. But I also think it would be nice to include because addFoo hasn't really "addedFoo" until it's been saved... Am I breaking any design best practices doing it either way?

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• Debugging scripts loaded with GroovyShell (in eclipse)

  - by MSh

  I am working with eclipse and groovy plug in. I am building a test harness to debug and test groovy scripts. The scripts are really simple but long, most of them just if/else/return. I figured out that I can call them using GroovyShell and Bindings to pass in the values. The problem is that, while I can call the script and get the results just fine, I CAN NOT step in there with the debugger. Breakpoints in those scripts are not active. Is there a way to debug the scripts? Maybe I should use something other than GroovyShell? I really don't want to modify the scripts by wrapping them into functions, and then calling those functions from my test classes. That's how I am using Binding and GroovyShell: def binding = new Binding(); binding.lineList = [list1]; binding.count = 5; def shell = new GroovyShell(binding); def result = shell.evaluate(new File("src/Rules/checkLimit.groovy"));

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• How to call shared_ptr<boost::signal> from a vector in a loop?

  - by BTR

  I've got a working callback system that uses boost::signal. I'm extending it into a more flexible and efficient callback manager which uses a vector of shared_ptr's to my signals. I've been able to successfully create and add callbacks to the list, but I'm unclear as to how to actually execute the signals. ... // Signal aliases typedef boost::signal<void (float *, int32_t)> Callback; typedef std::shared_ptr<Callback> CallbackRef; // The callback list std::vector<CallbackRef> mCallbacks; // Adds a callback to the list template<typename T> void addCallback(void (T::* callbackFunction)(float * data, int32_t size), T * callbackObject) { CallbackRef mCallback = CallbackRef(new Callback()); mCallback->connect(boost::function<void (float *, int32_t)>(boost::bind(callbackFunction, callbackObject, _1, _2))); mCallbacks.push_back(mCallback); } // Pass the float array and its size to the callbacks void execute(float * data, int32_t size) { // Iterate through the callback list for (vector<CallbackRef>::iterator i = mCallbacks.begin(); i != mCallbacks.end(); ++i) { // What do I do here? // (* i)(data, size); // <-- Dereferencing doesn't work } } ... All of this code works. I'm just not sure how to run the call from within a shared_ptr from with a vector. Any help would be neat-o. Thanks, in advance.

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• Resetting Globals With Importing

  - by what

  I have this code (Reset.py) that works how I want it to unless I import it. class Res(object): defaults={} class NoKey: pass def __init__(self): for key, values in defaults.items(): globals()[key]=values def add_defaults(key, values): Res.defaults[key]=value def remove_defaults(key=NoKey, remove_all=False): if remove_all: defaults={} else: del defaults[key] Without importing: >>> a=54 >>> Res.add_default('a', 3) >>> Res() <__main__.Res object at 0x> >>> a 3 >>> #great! :D With importing: >>> a=54 >>> Res.add_default('a', 3) >>> Res() <Reset.Res object at 0x> >>> a 54 This must mean when it is imported it changes the globals() under Reset and not __main__. How can I fix this?

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• Trying to Insert Text to Access Database with ExecuteNonQueryin VB

  - by user3673701

  I'm working on this feature were i save text from a textbox on my form to a access database file. With the click on my "store" button I want to save the text in the corresponding textbox fields to the fields in my access database for searching and retrieving purposes. Im doing this in VB The problem I run into is the INSERT TO error with my "store" button Any help or insight as to why im getting error would be greatly appreciated. here is my code: Dim con As System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand Dim dr As System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataReader Dim sqlStr As String Private Sub btnStore_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnStore.Click con = New System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:\Users\Eric\Documents\SPC1.2.accdb") con.Open() MsgBox("Initialized") sqlStr = "INSERT INTO Master FADV Calll info (First Name, Last Name, Phone Number, Email, User Id) values (" & txtFirstName.Text & " ' ,'" & txtLastName.Text & "','" & txtPhone.Text & "', '" & txtEmail.Text & "', '" & txtUserID.Text & "', '" & txtOtherOptionTxt.Text & "','" & txtCallDetail.Text & "');" cmd = New OleDb.OleDbCommand(sqlStr, con) cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() <------- **IM RECIVING THE ERROR HERE** MsgBox("Stored") ''pass ther parameter as sq; query, con " connection Obj)" con.Close()'

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• Passing mix of T and T[] to a Java varargs method

  - by rfalke

  Suppose you have a Java method void foobar(int id, String ... args) and want to pass both String arrays and Strings into the method. Like this String arr1[]={"adas", "adasda"}; String arr2[]={"adas", "adasda"}; foobar(0, "adsa", "asdas"); foobar(1, arr1); foobar(2, arr1, arr2); foobar(3, arr1, "asdas", arr2); In Python there is "*" for this. Is there some way better than such rather ugly helper method: static String[] concat(Object... args) { List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>(); for (Object arg : args) { if (arg instanceof String) { String s = (String) arg; result.add(s); } else if (arg.getClass().isArray() && arg.getClass().getComponentType().equals(String.class)) { String arr[] = (String[]) arg; for (String s : arr) { result.add(s); } } else { throw new RuntimeException(); } } return result.toArray(new String[result.size()]); } which allows foobar(4, concat(arr1, "asdas", arr2));

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• How string accepting interface should look like?

  - by ybungalobill

  Hello, This is a follow up of this question. Suppose I write a C++ interface that accepts or returns a const string. I can use a const char* zero-terminated string: void f(const char* str); // (1) The other way would be to use an std::string: void f(const string& str); // (2) It's also possible to write an overload and accept both: void f(const char* str); // (3) void f(const string& str); Or even a template in conjunction with boost string algorithms: template<class Range> void f(const Range& str); // (4) My thoughts are: (1) is not C++ish and may be less efficient when subsequent operations may need to know the string length. (2) is bad because now f("long very long C string"); invokes a construction of std::string which involves a heap allocation. If f uses that string just to pass it to some low-level interface that expects a C-string (like fopen) then it is just a waste of resources. (3) causes code duplication. Although one f can call the other depending on what is the most efficient implementation. However we can't overload based on return type, like in case of std::exception::what() that returns a const char*. (4) doesn't work with separate compilation and may cause even larger code bloat. Choosing between (1) and (2) based on what's needed by the implementation is, well, leaking an implementation detail to the interface. The question is: what is the preffered way? Is there any single guideline I can follow? What's your experience?

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