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• Size of int in C on different architectures

  - by NawaMan

  I am aware that the specification of the C language does not dictate the exact size of each integer type (e.g., int). What I am wondering is: Is there a way in C (not C++) to define an integer type with a specific size that ensures it will be the same across different architectures? Like: typedef int8 <an integer with 8 bits> typedef int16 <an integer with 16 bits> Or any other way that will allow other parts of the program to be compiled on different architecture.

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• Casting To The Correct Subclass

  - by kap

  Hi Guys I hava a supeclass called Car with 3 subclasses. class Ford extends Car{ } class Chevrolet extends Car{ } class Audi extends Car{ } Now i have a function called printMessge(Car car) which will print a message of a particular car type. In the implementation i use if statements to test the instance of the classes like this. public int printMessge(Car car){ if((Ford)car instanceof Ford){ // print ford }else if((Chevrolet)car instanceof Chevrolet){ // print chevrolet }else if((Audi)car instanceof Audi){ // print Audi } } for instance if i call it for the first time with Ford printMessge(new Ford()), it prints the ford message but when i call it with printMessge(new Chevrolet()), i get EXCEPTION from the first if statement that Chevrolet cannot be cast to Ford. What am i doing wrong and what is the best way. thanks

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• Accessing Linq Values in ViewData

  - by Jemes

  I'm having trouble accessing the id, area and theme values in my ViewData. They are being set in my action filter but when I get to the Site.Master I don't have access to them. Any help or advice would be great. ActionFilter public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { int SectionID = Convert.ToInt32(filterContext.RouteData.Values["Section_ID"]); int CourseID = Convert.ToInt32(filterContext.RouteData.Values["Course_ID"]); if (CourseID == 0) { filterContext.Controller.ViewData["Styles"] = (from m in _dataContext.Styles where m.Area_ID == SectionID select new {theme = m.Area_FolderName }).ToList(); } else { filterContext.Controller.ViewData["Styles"] = (from m in _dataContext.Styles where m.Course_ID == CourseID select new { theme = m.Course_FolderName }).ToList(); } } } Site.Master <%@ Master Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewMasterPage" % <%@ Import Namespace="Website.Models" % <% foreach (var c in (IEnumerable<Styles>)ViewData["Styles"]) { Response.Write(c.Theme); }%>

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• Google Translate Widget fails in Firefox

  - by Jonathan

  I am attempting to implement the Google Translate Widget where you include a piece of javascript code into your page and it gives you a language dropdown. This was very straightforward however, it does not work in Firefox. It works in IE, Safari, Chrome. Has anybody experience this problem and is there any workaround? With some research, it seems that people said that it used flash. However, I don't have any flashblock installed or anything like that. The widget: Widget Info If you load up the Google Translate blog, their translate box in the top right doesn't work: Google Translate Blog

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• Using ZeroC Middleware

  - by Sean

  I'm currently looking at various middleware solutions that will allow me to create applications in a variety of languages which are able to communicate amongst each other. The ZeroC product suite seems ideal as it provides a language agnostic way of defining data and the services that operate on the data (via its ICE idl) and provides support for all the mainstream languages. It also appears to offer a lot of other things we'd want, such as load balancing, grid computing and managed deployment. However, my google-fu has let me down and I'm having trouble finding information from people who have used it to implements system. I'm looking for feedback from projects that use it, and what issues/successes they had. I'm also interested in feedback from projects that evaluated it and chose not to use it (and why).

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• Activities In Rational ClearCase

  - by kadaba

  Hello All, We are thinking of implementing Rational ClearQuest for Change Management and Defect tracking. When we integrate Rational ClearQuest and Rational ClearCase, the activities will be coming from the Rational ClearQuest. Now since the implementation of Rational ClearQuest will take time due to the process, we are thinking of removing the activity creation from the developer side. We are thinking of making the admin create the activities for each developer. Now I have a few concerns, If the admin creates the activities and changes the owner for the activity and the group using the protect command, Is it enough? Would this activity used by other developer too? Since activity is a work can this be shared? I need some clarity on this. Thanks.

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• Dynamics of the using keyword

  - by AngryHacker

  Consider the following code: // module level declaration Socket _client; void ProcessSocket() { _client = GetSocketFromSomewhere(); using (_client) { DoStuff(); // receive and send data Close(); } } void Close() { _client.Close(); _client = null; } Given that that the code calls the Close() method, which closes the _client socket and sets it to null, while still inside the `using' block, what exactly happens behind the scenes? Does the socket really get closed? Are there side effects? P.S. This is using C# 3.0 on the .NET MicroFramework, but I suppose the c#, the language, should function identically. The reason i am asking is that occasionally, very rarely, I run out of sockets (which is a very precious resource on a .NET MF devices).

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• Eliminating code duplication in a single file

  - by Jon

  Sadly, a project that I have been working on lately has a large amount of copy-and-paste code, even within single files. Are there any tools or techniques that can detect duplication or near-duplication within a single file? I have Beyond Compare 3 and it works well for comparing separate files, but I am at a loss for comparing single files. Thanks in advance. Edit: Thanks for all the great tools! I'll definitely check them out. This project is an ASP.NET/C# project, but I work with a variety of languages including Java; I'm interested in what tools are best (for any language) to remove duplication.

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• Multilingual support using gettext with codeigniter, best practice?

  - by tobefound

  I know how to create .po files and how to generate .mo files and then use them for translation on my Codeigniter powered site. However, I'm not quite sure on how to change language from the site GUI. I want to stick to codeigniter's default url calling schema: www.domain.com/controllername/method/param1/param2. Calling the server like this is a no-brainer: www.domain.com/controllername?lang=en Doing that for every controller using the default url schema, requires me to implement the same method in every controller, just to pass the lang parameter to the setlocale() function and then bind to my .po domain name. Feels awkward... ANy ideas how you guys work with gettext in codeigniter? And yes, I do want to work with gettext.

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• Are government programming jobs good?

  - by Absolute0

  I am a passionate software developer and greatly enjoy programming. However I was recently contacted regarding a developer lead position for a government job at NYC for the fire department. The pay is pretty good, and I would assume the position has good job security and stability. But I am hesitant to even go for an interview as it seems like an exaggerated version of Office Space with a lot of Bureaucracy and mindless paper work. The description is as follows: The Lead Applications Developer, supporting the Programming Group, will be responsible for all phases of the system development life cycle including performing system analysis, requirements definition, database design, preparation of scopes of work, and development of project plans. Supervise programming staff and manage projects involving the design, implementation, maintenance, and enhancement of complex Oracle based user applications using Oracle Development tools. Applications will be deployed using Oracle Application Server utilizing programming languages such as JAVA, JSF, JSP, Oracle ADF, PL/SQL, and XML with J2EE and EJB technology. Anyone with previous government experience can share their two cents on this? Thank you.

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• postgres - ERROR: syntax error at or near "COST"

  - by cino21122

  EDIT Taking COST 100 out made the command go through, however, I'm still unable to run my query because it yields this error: ERROR: function group_concat(character) does not exist HINT: No function matches the given name and argument types. You may need to add explicit type casts. The query I'm running is this: select tpid, group_concat(z) as z, group_concat(cast(r as char(2))) as r, group_concat(to_char(datecreated,'DD-Mon-YYYY HH12:MI am')) as datecreated, group_concat(to_char(datemodified,'DD-Mon-YYYY HH12:MI am')) as datemodified from tpids group by tpid order by tpid, zip This function seems to work fine locally, but moving it online yields this error... Is there something I'm missing? CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION group_concat(text, text) RETURNS text AS $BODY$ SELECT CASE WHEN $2 IS NULL THEN $1 WHEN $1 IS NULL THEN $2 ELSE $1 operator(pg_catalog.||) ',' operator(pg_catalog.||) $2 END $BODY$ LANGUAGE 'sql' IMMUTABLE COST 100; ALTER FUNCTION group_concat(text, text) OWNER TO j76dd3;

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• Force jQuery to accept XHTML string as XML?

  - by MidnightLightning

  So, as part of a baseline OpenID implementation in Javascript, I'm fetching a remote page source through AJAX, and looking for the <link rel="openid.server" href="http://www.example.com" /> tag in the head. I'm using the jQuery javascript library for the AJAX request, but am unable to parse out the link tags. Several other online sources talk about using the usual jQuery selectors to grab tags from XML/XHTML sources, but it seems jQuery can only get content from the body of an HTML document, not the head (which is where the link tags are; $(response).find('link') returns null). So, I'd either need to get jQuery to force this document into XML mode or otherwise get at the head tags. Is there a way to force jQuery to parse the response of an AJAX query as XML, when it's in reality XHTML? Or do I need to fall back to regular expressions to get the link tags out?

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• What does this xkcd code do?

  - by cobbal

  On the xkcd site today, the following appeared as a joke in a <script language="scheme"> tag so what does the following code do / represent? (define (eval exp env) (cond ((self-evaluating? exp) exp) ((variable? exp) (lookup-variable-value exp env)) ((quoted? exp) (text-of-quotation exp)) ((assignment? exp) (eval-assignment exp env)) ((definition? exp) (eval-definition exp env)) ((if? exp) (eval-if exp env)) ((lambda? exp) (make-procedure (lambda-parameters exp) (lambda-body exp) env)) ((begin? exp) (eval-sequence (begin-actions exp) env)) ((cond? exp) (eval (cond->if exp) env)) ((application? exp) (apply (eval (operator exp) env) (list-of-values (operands exp) env))) (else (error "Common Lisp or Netscape Navigator 4.0+ Required" exp))))

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• What are the real-world benefits of declarative-UI languages such as XAML and QML?

  - by Stu Mackellar

  I'm currently evaluating QtQuick (Qt User Interface Creation Kit) which will be released as part of Qt 4.7. QML is the JavaScript-based declarative language behind QtQuick. It seems to be a very powerful concept, but I'm wondering if anybody that's made extensive use of other, more mature declarative-UI languages like XAML in WPF or Silverlight can give any insight into the real-world benefits that can be gained from this style of programming. Various advantages are often cited: Speed of development Forces separation between presentation and logic Better integration between coders and designers UI changes don't require re-compilation Also, are there any downsides? A few potential areas of concern spring to mind: Execution speed Memory usage Added complexity Are there any other considerations that should be taken into account?

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• Laws of Computer Science and Programming

  - by Jonas

  We have Amdahl's law that basically states that if your program is 10% sequential you can get a maximum 10x performance boost by parallelizing your application. Another one is Wadler's law which states that In any language design, the total time spent discussing a feature in this list is proportional to two raised to the power of its position. 0. Semantics 1. Syntax 2. Lexical syntax 3. Lexical syntax of comments My question is this: What are the most important (or at least significant / funny but true / sad but true) laws of Computer Science and programming? I want named laws, and not random theorems, So an answer should look something like Surname's (law|theorem|conjecture|corollary...) Please state the law in your answer, and not only a link. Edit: The name of the law does not need to contain it's inventors surname. But I do want to know who stated (and perhaps proved) the law

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• Changing a Container while using Visitor

  - by Florian

  Hi everyone, I implemented the Visitor pattern in C++ using a STL-like iterator for storing the Visitor's current position in the container. Now I would like to change the container while I iterate over it, and I'm especially interested in deleting items from the container, even the one I'm currently visiting. Now obviously this will invalidate the Visitors internal iterator, because it was pointing to exactly this item. Currently, I store a list of all iterators in the container and update them, as soon as anything is added to or removed from the list. So in a way this is similar to the Observer pattern applied to the iterator (as Observer) and the list (as Observable). Alternatively I considered having the visitor() methods return some hint to the Visitor about what happend to the current item and how to proceed iterating, but that doesn't sound like such a good idea either, because the visit() implementation shouldn't really care about finding the next item. So, my question is: What's the best way to keep a visitor working, even when items are added to the container or removed from it. Regards, Florian

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• java - call web service operation - wrong return type

  - by user1639680

  i have a simple web service with one method that returns List<org.company.data.mp> i've created a simple web service client and specified a web service with wsdl. in netbeans i try to call a web service operation: right click, insert code, ... and i pick my web service operation. the code gets inserted but the method's return type is not List<org.company.data.mp> but it is List<org.company.server.mp>! i don't get it.. in the package "server" there is no class called mp! i check the implementation class of my web service - it says the return type is ...data.mp not ...server.mp

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• Server Push / HTTP Streaming on Windows Mobile / Windows CE

  - by afriza

  Hi, I find that HTTP Streaming / Server Push is quite promising for my project. Does someone have any clue on how to implement this in Windows Mobile? .NET / Native / other implementations are welcomed. Preferably with permissive license. some links on HTTP Steaming / Server Push: - Push Technology - Streaming HTTP / Server Push - Cross-browser implementation of “HTTP Streaming” (push) AJAX pattern - XEP-0124: Bidirectional-streams Over Synchronous HTTP (BOSH) I was thinking of using some Qt XMPP library (QXmpp) to do the job, but I'm not sure if it's up for the task and I also want to hear some opinions on this.

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• mod_rewrite and pretty urls

  - by Peeter

  What I'm trying to achieve: 1) http://localhost/en/script.php?param1=random is mapped to http://localhost/script.php?param1=random&language=English This has to work always. 2) http://localhost/en/random/text/here will be mapped to http://localhost/categories.php?term=random/text/here This has to work if random/text/here is 404 What I have at the moment: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond substr(%{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^en/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=English&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^ee/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Estonian&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^fi/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Finnish&terms=$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^ru/(.+)$ categories.php?lang=Russian&terms=$1 [L] RewriteRule ^en/(.*) $1?lang=English&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^ee/(.*) $1?lang=Estonian&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^ru/(.*) $1?lang=Russian&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] RewriteRule ^fi/(.*) $1?lang=Finnish&%{QUERY_STRING} [L] What I've thought: substr(%{REQUEST_FILENAME},3) would fix my problem (as currently /ee/index.php is literally mapped to /ee/index.php instead of just /index.php) Unfortunately I couldn't find a way to manipulate strings :/

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• How can I provide a different rendering target to Direct2D?

  - by fingerprint211b

  I'm using Direct2D in C# to render a small gui framework for my research project. I'm not very used to working on Windows or with DirectX. I'm using a Windows Forms control to create a render target, and msdn warns that since it uses BindDC, a the larger the rendering target, the worse the performance will be (which turned out to be a dramatic difference, when I maximize the window, I get around 15 fps). What would be a better way to create a render target for Direct2D? Is there a way to create a window and render directly to it, instead of rendering to a control's buffer first, and then rendering that? If so, how? Sorry if my English sucks, not my native language.

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• Which hosting will let me execute my own EXE with PHP?

  - by guitar-

  I have a task that PHP (or any server-side scripting language) isn't practical for. It involves a lot of file I/O, processing, etc. and it will execute a lot faster using the program I made in C instead of PHP. Do any hosts allow you to upload your own EXE files and run them on the server using PHP's exec, shell_exec, etc. functions? Do you need a dedicated server to do this? Also, I don't know if Facebook's PHP HipHop is out yet, but I really don't want to use that.

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• When is assembler faster than C?

  - by Adam Bellaire

  One of the stated reasons for knowing assembler is that, on occasion, it can be employed to write code that will be more performant than writing that code in a higher-level language, C in particular. However, I've also heard it stated many times that although that's not entirely false, the cases where assembler can actually be used to generate more performant code are both extremely rare and require expert knowledge of and experience with assembler. This question doesn't even get into the fact that assembler instructions will be machine-specific and non-portable, or any of the other aspects of assembler. There are plenty of good reasons for knowing assembler besides this one, of course, but this is meant to be a specific question soliciting examples and data, not an extended discourse on assembler versus higher-level languages. Can anyone provide some specific examples of cases where assembler will be faster than well-written C code using a modern compiler, and can you support that claim with profiling evidence? I am pretty confident these cases exist, but I really want to know exactly how esoteric these cases are, since it seems to be a point of some contention.

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• How does Linq-to-Xml convert objects to strings?

  - by Eamon Nerbonne

  Linq-to-Xml contains lots of methods that allow you to add arbitrary objects to an xml tree. These objects are converted to strings by some means, but I can't seem to find the specification of how this occurs. The conversion I'm referring to is mentioned (but not specified) in MSDN. I happen to need this for javascript interop, but that doesn't much matter to the question. Linq to Xml isn't just calling .ToString(). Firstly, it'll accept null elements, and secondly, it's doing things no .ToString() implementation does: For example: new XElement("elem",true).ToString() == "<elem>true</elem>" //but... true.ToString() == "True" //IIRC, this is culture invariant, but in any case... true.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) == "True" Other basic data types are similarly specially treated. So, does anybody know what it's doing and where that's described?

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• regular expression to read the string between <title> and </title>

  - by user262325

  Hello every one I hope to read the contents between and in a html string. I think it should be in objective-c @"<title([\\s\\S]*)</title>" below are the codes that rewrited for regular expression //source of NSStringCategory.h #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <regex.h> @interface NSStringCategory:NSObject { regex_t preg; } -(id)initWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options; -(void)dealloc; -(BOOL)matchesString:(NSString *)string; -(NSString *)matchedSubstringOfString:(NSString *)string; -(NSArray *)capturedSubstringsOfString:(NSString *)string; +(NSStringCategory *)regexWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options; +(NSStringCategory *)regexWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern; +(NSString *)null; +(void)initialize; @end @interface NSString (NSStringCategory) -(BOOL)matchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options; -(BOOL)matchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern; -(NSString *)substringMatchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options; -(NSString *)substringMatchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern; -(NSArray *)substringsCapturedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options; -(NSArray *)substringsCapturedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern; -(NSString *)escapedPattern; @end and .m file #import "NSStringCategory.h" static NSString *nullstring=nil; @implementation NSStringCategory -(id)initWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options { if(self=[super init]) { int err=regcomp(&preg,[pattern UTF8String],options|REG_EXTENDED); if(err) { char errbuf[256]; regerror(err,&preg,errbuf,sizeof(errbuf)); [NSException raise:@"CSRegexException" format:@"Could not compile regex \"%@\": %s",pattern,errbuf]; } } return self; } -(void)dealloc { regfree(&preg); [super dealloc]; } -(BOOL)matchesString:(NSString *)string { if(regexec(&preg,[string UTF8String],0,NULL,0)==0) return YES; return NO; } -(NSString *)matchedSubstringOfString:(NSString *)string { const char *cstr=[string UTF8String]; regmatch_t match; if(regexec(&preg,cstr,1,&match,0)==0) { return [[[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:cstr+match.rm_so length:match.rm_eo-match.rm_so encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease]; } return nil; } -(NSArray *)capturedSubstringsOfString:(NSString *)string { const char *cstr=[string UTF8String]; int num=preg.re_nsub+1; regmatch_t *matches=calloc(sizeof(regmatch_t),num); if(regexec(&preg,cstr,num,matches,0)==0) { NSMutableArray *array=[NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:num]; int i; for(i=0;i<num;i++) { NSString *str; if(matches[i].rm_so==-1&&matches[i].rm_eo==-1) str=nullstring; else str=[[[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:cstr+matches[i].rm_so length:matches[i].rm_eo-matches[i].rm_so encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease]; [array addObject:str]; } free(matches); return [NSArray arrayWithArray:array]; } free(matches); return nil; } +(NSStringCategory *)regexWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options { return [[[NSStringCategory alloc] initWithPattern:pattern options:options] autorelease]; } +(NSStringCategory *)regexWithPattern:(NSString *)pattern { return [[[NSStringCategory alloc] initWithPattern:pattern options:0] autorelease]; } +(NSString *)null { return nullstring; } +(void)initialize { if(!nullstring) nullstring=[[NSString alloc] initWithString:@""]; } @end @implementation NSString (NSStringCategory) -(BOOL)matchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options { NSStringCategory *re=[NSStringCategory regexWithPattern:pattern options:options|REG_NOSUB]; return [re matchesString:self]; } -(BOOL)matchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern { return [self matchedByPattern:pattern options:0]; } -(NSString *)substringMatchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options { NSStringCategory *re=[NSStringCategory regexWithPattern:pattern options:options]; return [re matchedSubstringOfString:self]; } -(NSString *)substringMatchedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern { return [self substringMatchedByPattern:pattern options:0]; } -(NSArray *)substringsCapturedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern options:(int)options { NSStringCategory *re=[NSStringCategory regexWithPattern:pattern options:options]; return [re capturedSubstringsOfString:self]; } -(NSArray *)substringsCapturedByPattern:(NSString *)pattern { return [self substringsCapturedByPattern:pattern options:0]; } -(NSString *)escapedPattern { int len=[self length]; NSMutableString *escaped=[NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:len]; for(int i=0;i<len;i++) { unichar c=[self characterAtIndex:i]; if(c=='^'||c=='.'||c=='['||c=='$'||c=='('||c==')' ||c=='|'||c=='*'||c=='+'||c=='?'||c=='{'||c=='\\') [escaped appendFormat:@"\\%C",c]; else [escaped appendFormat:@"%C",c]; } return [NSString stringWithString:escaped]; } @end I use the codes below to get the string between "" and "" NSStringCategory *a=[[NSStringCategory alloc] initWithPattern:@"<title([\s\S]*)</title>" options:0];// Unfortunately [a matchedSubstringOfString:response]] always returns nil I do not if the regular expression is wrong or any other reason. Welcome any comment Thanks interdev

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• Using numeric_limits::max() in constant expressions

  - by FireAphis

  Hello, I would like to define inside a class a constant which value is the maximum possible int. Something like this: class A { ... static const int ERROR_VALUE = std::numeric_limits<int>::max(); ... } This declaration fails to compile with the following message: numeric.cpp:8: error: 'std::numeric_limits::max()' cannot appear in a constant-expression numeric.cpp:8: error: a function call cannot appear in a constant-expression I understand why this doesn't work, but two things look weird to me: It seems to me a natural decision to use the value in constant expressions. Why did the language designers decide to make max() a function thus not allowing this usage? The spec claims in 18.2.1 that For all members declared static const in the numeric_limits template, specializations shall define these values in such a way that they are usable as integral constant expressions. Doesn't it mean that I should be able to use it in my scenario and doesn't it contradict the error message? Thank you.

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