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  • Solving the EXC_BAD_ACCESS in WhatATool Part 2

    - by Allen
    #import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h> @interface PolygonShape : NSObject { int numberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides; } @property (readwrite) int numberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides; @property (readonly) float angleInDegrees, angleInRadians; @property (readonly) NSString * name; @property (readonly) NSString * description; -(id) init; -(void) setNumberOfSides:(int)sides; -(void) setMinimumNumberOfSides:(int)min; -(void) setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max; -(float) angleInDegrees; -(float) angleInRadians; -(NSString *) name; -(id) initWithNumberOfSides:(int) sides minimumNumberOfSides:(int) min maximumNumberOfSides:(int) max; -(NSString *) description; -(void) dealloc; @end #import "PolygonShape.h" @implementation PolygonShape -(id) init { return [self initWithNumberOfSides:4 minimumNumberOfSides:3 maximumNumberOfSides:5]; } @synthesize numberOfSides, minimumNumberOfSides, maximumNumberOfSides, angleInRadians; -(void) setNumberOfSides:(int)sides { numberOfSides = sides; NSLog(@"The number of sides is off limit so the number of sides is %@.",sides); } -(void)setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max { if (maximumNumberOfSides <= 12) { maximumNumberOfSides = max; } } -(void)setMinimumNumberOfSides: (int)min { if (minimumNumberOfSides > 2) { minimumNumberOfSides = min; } } - (id)initWithNumberOfSides:(int)sides minimumNumberOfSides:(int)min maximumNumberOfSides:(int)max { if(self=[super init]) { [self setNumberOfSides:(int)sides]; [self setMaximumNumberOfSides:(int)max]; [self setMinimumNumberOfSides: (int)min]; } return self; } -(float) angleInDegrees { float anglesInDegrees = (180 * (numberOfSides - 2) / numberOfSides); return anglesInDegrees; } -(float)angleInRadiants { float anglesInRadiants = ((180 * (numberOfSides - 2) / numberOfSides) * (180 / M_PI)); return anglesInRadiants; } -(NSString *)name { NSString * output; switch (numberOfSides) { case 3: output = @"Triangle"; break; case 4: output = @"Square"; break; case 5: output = @"Pentagon"; break; case 6: output = @"Hexagon"; break; case 7: output = @"Heptagon"; break; case 8: output = @"Octagon"; break; case 9: output = @"Nonagon"; break; case 10: output = @"Decagon"; break; case 11: output = @"Hendecagon"; break; case 12: output = @"Dodecabgon"; break; default: output = @"Invalid number of sides: %i is greater than maximum of five allowed."; } return output; } -(NSString *)description { NSString * output; NSLog(@"Hello I am a %i-sided polygon (aka a %@) with angles of %f degrees (%f radians).", numberOfSides, output, [self angleInDegrees], [self angleInRadiants]); return [self description]; } -(void)dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "PolygonShape.h" void PrintPathInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 1"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSString *path = [@"~" stringByExpandingTildeInPath]; NSLog(@"My home folder is at '%@'.", path); NSArray *pathComponent = [path pathComponents]; for (path in pathComponent) { NSLog(@"%@",path); } NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintProcessInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 2"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSString * processName = [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] processName]; int processIdentifier = [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] processIdentifier]; NSLog(@"Process Name: '%@', Process ID: '%i'", processName, processIdentifier); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintBookmarkInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 3"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSArray * keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"Stanford University", @"Apple", @"CS193P", @"Stanford on iTunes U", @"Stanford Mall", nil]; NSArray * objects = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSURL URLWithString: @"http://www.stanford.edu"], @"http://www.apple.com", @"http://cs193p.stanford.edu", @"http://itunes.stanford.edu", @"http://stanfordshop.com",nil]; NSMutableDictionary * dictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects forKeys:keys]; NSEnumerator * enumerator = [keys objectEnumerator]; for (id keys in dictionary) { NSLog(@"key: '%@', value: '%@'", keys, [dictionary objectForKey:keys]); } NSLog(@" "); NSLog(@"These are the ones that has the prefix 'Stanford'."); NSLog(@" "); id object; while (object = [enumerator nextObject]) { if ([object hasPrefix: @"Stanford"]) { NSLog(@"key: '%@', value: '%@'", object, [dictionary objectForKey:object]); } } NSLog(@"--------------------"); NSLog(@"\n"); } void PrintIntrospectionInfo() { NSLog(@"Section 4"); NSLog(@"--------------------"); SEL lowercase = @selector (lowercaseString); NSMutableArray * array = [NSMutableArray array]; [array addObject: [NSString stringWithString: @"Here is a string"]]; [array addObject: [NSDictionary dictionary]]; [array addObject: [NSURL URLWithString: @"http://www.stanford.edu"]]; [array addObject: [[NSProcessInfo processInfo]processName]]; for (id keys in array) { NSLog(@"\n"); NSLog(@"Class Name: %@", [keys className]); NSLog(@"Is Member of NSString: %@", [keys isMemberOfClass:[NSString class]]?@"Yes":@"No"); NSLog(@"Is Kind of NSString: %@", [keys isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]?@"Yes":@"No"); if ([keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]==YES) { NSLog(@"Responds to lowercaseString: %@",[keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]?@"Yes":@"No"); NSLog(@"lowercaseString is: %@", [keys performSelector: lowercase]); } else { NSLog(@"Responds to lowercaseString: %@",[keys respondsToSelector: lowercase]?@"Yes":@"No" ); } } NSLog(@"--------------------"); } void PrintPolygonInfo() { NSMutableArray * array = [NSMutableArray array]; PolygonShape * polygon1 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:4 minimumNumberOfSides:3 maximumNumberOfSides:7]; [array addObject:polygon1]; [array description]; PolygonShape * polygon2 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:6 minimumNumberOfSides:5 maximumNumberOfSides:9]; [array addObject:polygon2]; [array description]; PolygonShape * polygon3 = [[PolygonShape alloc]initWithNumberOfSides:12 minimumNumberOfSides:9 maximumNumberOfSides:12]; [array addObject:polygon3]; [array description]; [array release]; [polygon1 release]; [polygon2 release]; [polygon3 release]; } int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; PrintPathInfo(); PrintProcessInfo(); PrintBookmarkInfo(); PrintIntrospectionInfo(); PrintPolygonInfo(); [pool release]; return 0; } //The result was "EXC_BAD_ACCESS", but I couldn't figure out how to resolve this problem.

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  • Mysql - help me optimize this query

    - by sandeepan-nath
    About the system: -The system has a total of 8 tables - Users - Tutor_Details (Tutors are a type of User,Tutor_Details table is linked to Users) - learning_packs, (stores packs created by tutors) - learning_packs_tag_relations, (holds tag relations meant for search) - tutors_tag_relations and tags and orders (containing purchase details of tutor's packs), order_details linked to orders and tutor_details. For a more clear idea about the tables involved please check the The tables section in the end. -A tags based search approach is being followed.Tag relations are created when new tutors register and when tutors create packs (this makes tutors and packs searcheable). For details please check the section How tags work in this system? below. Following is a simpler representation (not the actual) of the more complex query which I am trying to optimize:- I have used statements like explanation of parts in the query select SUM(DISTINCT( t.tag LIKE "%Dictatorship%" )) as key_1_total_matches, SUM(DISTINCT( t.tag LIKE "%democracy%" )) as key_2_total_matches, td., u., count(distinct(od.id_od)), if (lp.id_lp > 0) then some conditional logic on lp fields else 0 as tutor_popularity from Tutor_Details AS td JOIN Users as u on u.id_user = td.id_user LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations AS lptagrels ON td.id_tutor = lptagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs AS lp ON lptagrels.id_lp = lp.id_lp LEFT JOIN `some other tables on lp.id_lp - let's call learning pack tables set (including Learning_Packs table)` LEFT JOIN Order_Details as od on td.id_tutor = od.id_author LEFT JOIN Orders as o on od.id_order = o.id_order LEFT JOIN Tutors_Tag_Relations as ttagrels ON td.id_tutor = ttagrels.id_tutor JOIN Tags as t on (t.id_tag = ttagrels.id_tag) OR (t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag) where some condition on Users table's fields AND CASE WHEN ((t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag) AND (lp.id_lp 0)) THEN `some conditions on learning pack tables set` ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN ((t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag) AND (wc.id_wc 0)) THEN `some conditions on webclasses tables set` ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN (od.id_od0) THEN od.id_author = td.id_tutor and some conditions on Orders table's fields ELSE 1 END AND ( t.tag LIKE "%Dictatorship%" OR t.tag LIKE "%democracy%") group by td.id_tutor HAVING key_1_total_matches = 1 AND key_2_total_matches = 1 order by tutor_popularity desc, u.surname asc, u.name asc limit 0,20 ===================================================================== What does the above query do? Does AND logic search on the search keywords (2 in this example - "Democracy" and "Dictatorship"). Returns only those tutors for which both the keywords are present in the union of the two sets - tutors details and details of all the packs created by a tutor. To make things clear - Suppose a Tutor name "Sandeepan Nath" has created a pack "My first pack", then:- Searching "Sandeepan Nath" returns Sandeepan Nath. Searching "Sandeepan first" returns Sandeepan Nath. Searching "Sandeepan second" does not return Sandeepan Nath. ====================================================================================== The problem The results returned by the above query are correct (AND logic working as per expectation), but the time taken by the query on heavily loaded databases is like 25 seconds as against normal query timings of the order of 0.005 - 0.0002 seconds, which makes it totally unusable. It is possible that some of the delay is being caused because all the possible fields have not yet been indexed, but I would appreciate a better query as a solution, optimized as much as possible, displaying the same results ========================================================================================== How tags work in this system? When a tutor registers, tags are entered and tag relations are created with respect to tutor's details like name, surname etc. When a Tutors create packs, again tags are entered and tag relations are created with respect to pack's details like pack name, description etc. tag relations for tutors stored in tutors_tag_relations and those for packs stored in learning_packs_tag_relations. All individual tags are stored in tags table. ==================================================================== The tables Most of the following tables contain many other fields which I have omitted here. CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users ( id_user int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', surname varchar(155) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (id_user) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=636 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tutor_details ( id_tutor int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, id_user int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (id_tutor), KEY Users_FKIndex1 (id_user) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=51 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS orders ( id_order int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, PRIMARY KEY (id_order), KEY Orders_FKIndex1 (id_user), ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=275 ; ALTER TABLE orders ADD CONSTRAINT Orders_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_user) REFERENCES users (id_user) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS order_details ( id_od int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, id_order int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', id_author int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (id_od), KEY Order_Details_FKIndex1 (id_order) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=284 ; ALTER TABLE order_details ADD CONSTRAINT Order_Details_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_order) REFERENCES orders (id_order) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS learning_packs ( id_lp int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, id_author int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (id_lp), KEY Learning_Packs_FKIndex2 (id_author), KEY id_lp (id_lp) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=23 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tags ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, tag varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id_tag), UNIQUE KEY tag (tag), KEY id_tag (id_tag), KEY tag_2 (tag), KEY tag_3 (tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=3419 ; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tutors_tag_relations ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', id_tutor int(10) DEFAULT NULL, KEY Tutors_Tag_Relations (id_tag), KEY id_tutor (id_tutor), KEY id_tag (id_tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; ALTER TABLE tutors_tag_relations ADD CONSTRAINT Tutors_Tag_Relations_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_tag) REFERENCES tags (id_tag) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS learning_packs_tag_relations ( id_tag int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', id_tutor int(10) DEFAULT NULL, id_lp int(10) unsigned DEFAULT NULL, KEY Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations_FKIndex1 (id_tag), KEY id_lp (id_lp), KEY id_tag (id_tag) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; ALTER TABLE learning_packs_tag_relations ADD CONSTRAINT Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations_ibfk_1 FOREIGN KEY (id_tag) REFERENCES tags (id_tag) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION; =================================================================================== Following is the exact query (this includes classes also - tutors can create classes and search terms are matched with classes created by tutors):- select count(distinct(od.id_od)) as tutor_popularity, CASE WHEN (IF((wc.id_wc 0), ( wc.wc_api_status = 1 AND wc.wc_type = 0 AND wc.class_date '2010-06-01 22:00:56' AND wccp.status = 1 AND (wccp.country_code='IE' or wccp.country_code IN ('INT'))), 0)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END as 'classes_published', CASE WHEN (IF((lp.id_lp 0), (lp.id_status = 1 AND lp.published = 1 AND lpcp.status = 1 AND (lpcp.country_code='IE' or lpcp.country_code IN ('INT'))),0)) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END as 'packs_published', td . * , u . * from Tutor_Details AS td JOIN Users as u on u.id_user = td.id_user LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Tag_Relations AS lptagrels ON td.id_tutor = lptagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs AS lp ON lptagrels.id_lp = lp.id_lp LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Categories AS lpc ON lpc.id_lp_cat = lp.id_lp_cat LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Categories AS lpcp ON lpcp.id_lp_cat = lpc.id_parent LEFT JOIN Learning_Pack_Content as lpct on (lp.id_lp = lpct.id_lp) LEFT JOIN Webclasses_Tag_Relations AS wtagrels ON td.id_tutor = wtagrels.id_tutor LEFT JOIN WebClasses AS wc ON wtagrels.id_wc = wc.id_wc LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Categories AS wcc ON wcc.id_lp_cat = wc.id_wp_cat LEFT JOIN Learning_Packs_Categories AS wccp ON wccp.id_lp_cat = wcc.id_parent LEFT JOIN Order_Details as od on td.id_tutor = od.id_author LEFT JOIN Orders as o on od.id_order = o.id_order LEFT JOIN Tutors_Tag_Relations as ttagrels ON td.id_tutor = ttagrels.id_tutor JOIN Tags as t on (t.id_tag = ttagrels.id_tag) OR (t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag) OR (t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag) where (u.country='IE' or u.country IN ('INT')) AND CASE WHEN ((t.id_tag = lptagrels.id_tag) AND (lp.id_lp 0)) THEN lp.id_status = 1 AND lp.published = 1 AND lpcp.status = 1 AND (lpcp.country_code='IE' or lpcp.country_code IN ('INT')) ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN ((t.id_tag = wtagrels.id_tag) AND (wc.id_wc 0)) THEN wc.wc_api_status = 1 AND wc.wc_type = 0 AND wc.class_date '2010-06-01 22:00:56' AND wccp.status = 1 AND (wccp.country_code='IE' or wccp.country_code IN ('INT')) ELSE 1 END AND CASE WHEN (od.id_od0) THEN od.id_author = td.id_tutor and o.order_status = 'paid' and CASE WHEN (od.id_wc 0) THEN od.can_attend_class=1 ELSE 1 END ELSE 1 END AND 1 group by td.id_tutor order by tutor_popularity desc, u.surname asc, u.name asc limit 0,20 Please note - The provided database structure does not show all the fields and tables as in this query

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  • How to know if the client has terminated in sockets

    - by shadyabhi
    Suppose, I have a connected socket after writing this code.. if ((sd = accept(socket_d, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &alen)) < 0) { perror("accept failed\n"); exit(1); } How can I know at the server side that client has exited. My whole program actually does the following.. Accepts a connection from client Starts a new thread that reads messages from that particular client and then broadcast this message to all the connected clients. If you want to see the whole code... In this whole code. I am also struggling with one more problem that whenever I kill a client with Ctrl+C, my server terminates abruptly.. It would be nice if anyone could suggest what the problem is.. #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <signal.h> #include <errno.h> #include <pthread.h> /*CONSTANTS*/ #define DEFAULT_PORT 10000 #define LISTEN_QUEUE_LIMIT 6 #define TOTAL_CLIENTS 10 #define CHAR_BUFFER 256 /*GLOBAL VARIABLE*/ int current_client = 0; int connected_clients[TOTAL_CLIENTS]; extern int errno; void *client_handler(void * socket_d); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct sockaddr_in server_addr;/* structure to hold server's address*/ int socket_d; /* listening socket descriptor */ int port; /* protocol port number */ int option_value; /* needed for setsockopt */ pthread_t tid[TOTAL_CLIENTS]; port = (argc > 1)?atoi(argv[1]):DEFAULT_PORT; /* Socket Server address structure */ memset((char *)&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr)); server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; /* set family to Internet */ server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; /* set the local IP address */ server_addr.sin_port = htons((u_short)port); /* Set port */ /* Create socket */ if ( (socket_d = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "socket creation failed\n"); exit(1); } /* Make listening socket's port reusable */ if (setsockopt(socket_d, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char *)&option_value, sizeof(option_value)) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "setsockopt failure\n"); exit(1); } /* Bind a local address to the socket */ if (bind(socket_d, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "bind failed\n"); exit(1); } /* Specify size of request queue */ if (listen(socket_d, LISTEN_QUEUE_LIMIT) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "listen failed\n"); exit(1); } memset(connected_clients,0,sizeof(int)*TOTAL_CLIENTS); for (;;) { struct sockaddr_in client_addr; /* structure to hold client's address*/ int alen = sizeof(client_addr); /* length of address */ int sd; /* connected socket descriptor */ if ((sd = accept(socket_d, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &alen)) < 0) { perror("accept failed\n"); exit(1); } else printf("\n I got a connection from (%s , %d)\n",inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr),ntohs(client_addr.sin_port)); if (pthread_create(&tid[current_client],NULL,(void *)client_handler,(void *)sd) != 0) { perror("pthread_create error"); continue; } connected_clients[current_client]=sd; current_client++; /*Incrementing Client number*/ } return 0; } void *client_handler(void *connected_socket) { int sd; sd = (int)connected_socket; for ( ; ; ) { ssize_t n; char buffer[CHAR_BUFFER]; for ( ; ; ) { if (n = read(sd, buffer, sizeof(char)*CHAR_BUFFER) == -1) { perror("Error reading from client"); pthread_exit(1); } int i=0; for (i=0;i<current_client;i++) { if (write(connected_clients[i],buffer,sizeof(char)*CHAR_BUFFER) == -1) perror("Error sending messages to a client while multicasting"); } } } } My client side is this (Maye be irrelevant while answering my question) #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> void error(char *msg) { perror(msg); exit(0); } void *listen_for_message(void * fd) { int sockfd = (int)fd; int n; char buffer[256]; bzero(buffer,256); printf("YOUR MESSAGE: "); fflush(stdout); while (1) { n = read(sockfd,buffer,256); if (n < 0) error("ERROR reading from socket"); if (n == 0) pthread_exit(1); printf("\nMESSAGE BROADCAST: %sYOUR MESSAGE: ",buffer); fflush(stdout); } } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int sockfd, portno, n; struct sockaddr_in serv_addr; struct hostent *server; pthread_t read_message; char buffer[256]; if (argc < 3) { fprintf(stderr,"usage %s hostname port\n", argv[0]); exit(0); } portno = atoi(argv[2]); sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sockfd < 0) error("ERROR opening socket"); server = gethostbyname(argv[1]); if (server == NULL) { fprintf(stderr,"ERROR, no such host\n"); exit(0); } bzero((char *) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)); serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; bcopy((char *)server->h_addr, (char *)&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, server->h_length); serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno); if (connect(sockfd,&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) error("ERROR connecting"); bzero(buffer,256); if (pthread_create(&read_message,NULL,(void *)listen_for_message,(void *)sockfd) !=0 ) { perror("error creating thread"); } while (1) { fgets(buffer,255,stdin); n = write(sockfd,buffer,256); if (n < 0) error("ERROR writing to socket"); bzero(buffer,256); } return 0; }

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  • problem with piping in my own implementation of shell

    - by codemax
    Hey guys, i am implementing my own shell. I want to involve piping. i searched here and i got a code. But it is not working.Can any one help me? this is my code #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> using namespace std; char temp1[81][81],temp2[81][81] ,*cmdptr1[40], *cmdptr2[40]; void process(char**,int); int arg_count, count; int arg_cnt[2]; int pip,tok; char input[81]; int fds[2]; void process( char* cmd[])//, int arg_count ) { pid_t pid; pid = fork(); //char path[81]; //getcwd(path,81); //strcat(path,"/"); //strcat(path,cmd[0]); if(pid < 0) { cout << "Fork Failed" << endl; exit(-1); } else if( pid == 0 ) { execvp( cmd[0] , cmd ); } else { wait(NULL); } } void pipe(char **cmd1, char**cmd2) { cout<<endl<<endl<<"in pipe"<<endl; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[0] ; i++) { cout<<cmdptr1[i]<<" "; } cout<<endl; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[1] ; i++) { cout<<cmdptr2[i]<<" "; } pipe(fds); if (fork() == 0 ) { dup2(fds[1], 1); close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); process(cmd1); } if (fork() == 0) { dup2(fds[0], 0); close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); process(cmd2); } close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); wait(NULL); } void pipecommand(char** cmd1, char** cmd2) { cout<<endl<<endl; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[0] ; i++) { cout<<cmd1[i]<<" "; } cout<<endl; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[1] ; i++) { cout<<cmd2[i]<<" "; } int fds[2]; // file descriptors pipe(fds); // child process #1 if (fork() == 0) { // Reassign stdin to fds[0] end of pipe. dup2(fds[0], STDIN_FILENO); close(fds[1]); close(fds[0]); process(cmd2); // child process #2 if (fork() == 0) { // Reassign stdout to fds[1] end of pipe. dup2(fds[1], STDOUT_FILENO); close(fds[0]); close(fds[1]); // Execute the first command. process(cmd1); } wait(NULL); } close(fds[1]); close(fds[0]); wait(NULL); } void splitcommand1() { tok++; int k,done=0,no=0; arg_count = 0; for(int i=count ; input[i] != '\0' ; i++) { k=0; while(1) { count++; if(input[i] == ' ') { break; } if((input[i] == '\0')) { done = 1; break; } if(input[i] == '|') { pip = 1; done = 1; break; } temp1[arg_count][k++] = input[i++]; } temp1[arg_count][k++] = '\0'; arg_count++; if(done == 1) { break; } } for(int i=0 ; i<arg_count ; i++) { cmdptr1[i] = temp1[i]; } arg_cnt[tok] = arg_count; } void splitcommand2() { tok++; cout<<"count is :"<<count<<endl; int k,done=0,no=0; arg_count = 0; for(int i=count ; input[i] != '\0' ; i++) { k=0; while(1) { count++; if(input[i] == ' ') { break; } if((input[i] == '\0')) { done = 1; break; } if(input[i] == '|') { pip = 1; done = 1; cout<<"PIP"; break; } temp2[arg_count][k++] = input[i++]; } temp2[arg_count][k++] = '\0'; arg_count++; if(done == 1) { break; } } for(int i=0 ; i<arg_count ; i++) { cmdptr2[i] = temp2[i]; } arg_cnt[tok] = arg_count; } int main() { cout<<endl<<endl<<"Welcome to unique shell !!!!!!!!!!!"<<endl; tok=-1; while(1) { cout<<endl<<"***********UNIQUE**********"<<endl; cin.getline(input,81); count = 0,pip=0; splitcommand1(); if(pip == 1) { count++; splitcommand2(); } cout<<endl<<endl; if(strcmp(cmdptr1[0], "exit") == 0 ) { cout<<endl<<"EXITING UNIQUE SHELL"<<endl; exit(0); } //cout<<endl<<"Arg count is :"<<arg_count<<endl; if(pip == 1) { cout<<endl<<endl<<"in main :"; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[0] ; i++) { cout<<cmdptr1[i]<<" "; } cout<<endl; for(int i=0 ; i<arg_cnt[1] ; i++) { cout<<cmdptr2[i]<<" "; } pipe(cmdptr1, cmdptr2); } else { process (cmdptr1);//,arg_count); } } } I know it is not well coded. But try to help me :(

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  • Greyscale Image from YUV420p data

    - by fergs
    From what I have read on the internet the Y value is the luminance value and can be used to create a grey scale image. The following link: http://www.bobpowell.net/grayscale.htm, has some C# code on working out the luminance of a bitmap image : { Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(source.Width,source.Height); for(int y=0;y<bm.Height;y++) public Bitmap ConvertToGrayscale(Bitmap source) { for(int x=0;x<bm.Width;x++) { Color c=source.GetPixel(x,y); int luma = (int)(c.R*0.3 + c.G*0.59+ c.B*0.11); bm.SetPixel(x,y,Color.FromArgb(luma,luma,luma)); } } return bm; } I have a method that returns the YUV values and have the Y data in a byte array. I have the current piece of code and it is failing on Marshal.Copy – attempted to read or write protected memory. public Bitmap ConvertToGrayscale2(byte[] yuvData, int width, int height) { Bitmap bmp; IntPtr blue = IntPtr.Zero; int inputOffSet = 0; long[] pixels = new long[width * height]; try { for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { int outputOffSet = y * width; for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { int grey = yuvData[inputOffSet + x] & 0xff; unchecked { pixels[outputOffSet + x] = UINT_Constant | (grey * INT_Constant); } } inputOffSet += width; } blue = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(pixels.Length); Marshal.Copy(pixels, 0, blue, pixels.Length); // fails here : Attempted to read or write protected memory bmp = new Bitmap(width, height, width, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, blue); } catch (Exception) { throw; } finally { if (blue != IntPtr.Zero) { Marshal.FreeHGlobal(blue); blue = IntPtr.Zero; } } return bmp; } Any help would be appreciated?

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  • Getting the submatrix with maximum sum?

    - by guirgis
    With the help of the Algorithmist and Larry and a modification of Kadane's Algorithm, here is my solution: int dim = matrix.length; //computing the vertical prefix sum for columns int[][] ps = new int[dim][dim]; for (int i = 0; i < dim; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < dim; j++) { if (j == 0) { ps[j][i] = matrix[j][i]; } else { ps[j][i] = matrix[j][i] + ps[j - 1][i]; } } } int maxSoFar = 0; int min , subMatrix; //iterate over the possible combinations applying Kadane's Alg. //int toplefti =0, topleftj=0, bottomrighti=0, bottomrightj=0; for (int i = 0; i < dim; i++) { for (int j = i; j < dim; j++) { min = 0; subMatrix = 0; for (int k = 0; k < dim; k++) { if (i == 0) { subMatrix += ps[j][k]; } else { subMatrix += ps[j][k] - ps[i-1][k]; } if(subMatrix < min){ min = subMatrix; } if((subMatrix - min) > maxSoFar){ maxSoFar = subMatrix - min; } } } } The only problem left is to determine the submatrix elements, i mean the top left and the bottom right corners. I managed to do this in one dimensional case. Any suggestions?

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  • trouble with algorithm

    - by rebel_UA
    David likes number of estimates with base "k" and not a multiple(a%2!=0) of the number of zeros at the end. Set system and the number of the order and print it I need to optimi this algoritm: class David{ private: int k; public: David(); David(int); int operator[] (int); }; David::David(){ k=10; }; David::David(int k){ this->k=k; } int David::operator[] (int n){ int q; int p; int i=1; for(int r=0;r<n;i++){ q=0; p=i; for(;;){ if(p%k) break; if(p==0) break; ++q; p/=k; } if(q%2){ r++; } } return i-1; }

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  • How can I make TextToSpeech to speak a text with max volume and restore original volume after speak end?

    - by HelloCW
    I save the current volume both STREAM_RING and STREAM_MUSIC before sTts.get().speak(s, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null), I hope the TextToSpeech can speak a text with max volume, but in fact I find the TextToSpeech speak the text with current volume, it seems that sTts.get().speak is asynchronous. How can I make TextToSpeech to speak a text with max volume and restore original volume after speak end? Thanks! public class SpeechTxt { private static SoftReference<TextToSpeech> sTts; public static void SpeakOut(final Context context, final String s) { final Context appContext = context.getApplicationContext(); if (sTts == null) { sTts = new SoftReference<TextToSpeech>(new TextToSpeech(appContext, new TextToSpeech.OnInitListener() { @Override public void onInit(int status) { if (status == TextToSpeech.SUCCESS) { speak(appContext, s); } else { } } })); } else { speak(appContext, s); } } private static void speak(Context context, String s) { if (sTts != null) { switch (sTts.get().setLanguage(Locale.getDefault())) { case TextToSpeech.LANG_COUNTRY_AVAILABLE: case TextToSpeech.LANG_COUNTRY_VAR_AVAILABLE: case TextToSpeech.LANG_AVAILABLE: { sTts.get().setPitch((float) 0.6); sTts.get().setSpeechRate((float) 0.8); int currentRing=PublicParFun.GetCurrentVol(context, AudioManager.STREAM_RING); int currentPlay=PublicParFun.GetCurrentVol(context, AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC); PublicParFun.SetRingVol(context, 0); PublicParFun.SetPlayVol(context,1000000); sTts.get().speak(s, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_ADD, null); PublicParFun.SetRingVol(context, currentRing); PublicParFun.SetPlayVol(context,currentPlay); break; } case TextToSpeech.LANG_MISSING_DATA: { break; } case TextToSpeech.LANG_NOT_SUPPORTED: // not much to do here } } } public static int GetCurrentVol(Context myContext,int streamType){ AudioManager mAudioManager = (AudioManager)myContext.getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE); int current = mAudioManager.getStreamVolume( streamType); return current; } public static void SetRingVol(Context myContext,int vol){ SetVol(myContext,AudioManager.STREAM_RING, vol); } public static void SetPlayVol(Context myContext,int vol){ SetVol(myContext,AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC, vol); } private static void SetVol(Context myContext,int streamType,int vol){ AudioManager mAudioManager = (AudioManager)myContext.getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE); int max = mAudioManager.getStreamMaxVolume(streamType); if (vol>max){ vol=max; } mAudioManager.setStreamVolume(streamType,vol, 0); } }

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  • Merging sequences by type With LINQ

    - by jankor
    I want to use LINQ to convert this IEnumerable<int>[] value1ByType = new IEnumerable<int>[3]; value1ByType[0]= new [] { 0}; value1ByType[1]= new [] {10,11}; value1ByType[2]= new [] {20}; var value2ToType = new Dictionary<int,int> { {100,0}, {101,1}, {102,2}, {103,1}}; to this var value2ToValue1 = new Dictionary<int,int> { {100, 0}, {101,10}, {102,20}, {103,11}}; Is there a way to do this with LINQ? Without LINQ I would use multiple IEnumerators, one for each IEnumerable of value1ByType. like this: // create enumerators var value1TypeEnumerators = new List<IEnumerator<int>>(); for (int i = 0; i < value1ByType.Length; i++) { value1TypeEnumerators.Add(value1ByType[i].GetEnumerator()); value1TypeEnumerators[i].MoveNext(); } // create wanted dictionary var value2ToValue1 = new Dictionary<int, int>(); foreach (var item in Value2ToType) { int value1=value1TypeEnumerators[item.Value].Current; value2ToValue1.Add(item.Key, value1); value1TypeEnumerators[item.Value].MoveNext(); } Any Idea how to do this in LINQ?

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  • Generic function pointers in C

    - by Lucas
    I have a function which takes a block of data and the size of the block and a function pointer as argument. Then it iterates over the data and performes a calculation on each element of the data block. The following is the essential outline of what I am doing: int myfunction(int* data, int size, int (*functionAsPointer)(int)){ //walking through the data and calculating something for (int n = 0; n < size; n++){ data[n] = (*function)(data[n]); } } The functions I am passing as arguments look something like this: int mycalculation(int input){ //doing some math with input //... return input; } This is working well, but now I need to pass an additional variable to my functionpointer. Something along the lines int mynewcalculation(int input, int someVariable){ //e.g. input = input * someVariable; //... return input; } Is there an elegant way to achieve this and at the same time keeping my overall design idea?

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  • Compiler error when overwriting virtual methods

    - by Stefan Hubert
    Using VC71 compiler and get compiler errors, that i don't understand. Here comes the example class A { public: virtual int& myMethod() = 0; virtual const int& myMethod()const = 0; }; class B: public A { public: // generates: error C3241: 'const int &B::myMethod(void)' : this method was not introduced by 'A' virtual const int& A::myMethod() const; virtual int& A::myMethod(); }; when i switch order of both method definitions in B then I see a different compiler error: class B: public A { public: virtual const int& A::myMethod() const; // error C2556: 'const int &B::myMethod(void)' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'int &B::myMethod(void)' // error C2373: 'B::myMethod' : redefinition; different type modifiers virtual int& A::myMethod(); }; however, if I omit the A:: stuff then i don't get any compiler error: class B: public A { public: virtual int& myMethod(); virtual const int& myMethod() const; }; So, what exactly does A:: in front of my method names and why do i see these diverse compiler errors? Any explanation welcome!

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  • Trouble with C# array

    - by Biosci3c
    Hi, I am writing a card playing program as a way of learning C#. I ran into an issue with an array going out of bounds. Here is my code: namespace Pcardconsole { class Deck { public Deck() { // Assign standard deck to new deck object int j; for (int i = 0; i != CurrentDeck.Length; i++) { CurrentDeck[i] = originalCards[i]; } // Fisher-Yates Shuffling Algorithim Random rnd = new Random(); for (int k = CurrentDeck.Length - 1; k >= 0; k++) { int r = rnd.Next(0, k + 1); int tmp = CurrentDeck[k]; CurrentDeck[k] = CurrentDeck[r]; CurrentDeck[r] = tmp; // Console.WriteLine(i); } } public void Shuffle() { // TODO } // public int[] ReturnCards() // { // TODO // } public int[] originalCards = new int[54] { 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x24, 0x25, 0x26, 0x27, 0x28, 0x29, 0x2A, 0x2B, 0x2C, 0x2D, 0x31, 0x32, 0x33, 0x34, 0x35, 0x36, 0x37, 0x38, 0x39, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0x3C, 0x3D, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0x44, 0x45, 0x46, 0x47, 0x48, 0x49, 0x4A, 0x4B, 0x4C, 0x4D, 0x50, 0x51 }; public int[] CurrentDeck = new int[54]; } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { // Create a Deck object Deck mainDeck = new Deck(); Console.WriteLine("Here is the card array:"); for (int index = 0; index != mainDeck.CurrentDeck.Length; index++) { string card = mainDeck.CurrentDeck[index].ToString("x"); Console.WriteLine("0x" + card); } } } The hexidecimal numbers stand for different cards. When I compile it I get an array index out of bounds error, and a crash. I don't understand what is wrong. Any help would be much appreciated.

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  • Why am I getting a segmentation fault?

    - by Phenom
    If I pass a value greater than 100 as the second argument to BinaryInsertionSort, I get a segmentation fault. int BinarySearch (int a[], int low, int high, int key) { int mid; if (low == high) return low; mid = low + ((high - low) / 2); if (key > a[mid]) return BinarySearch (a, mid + 1, high, key); else if (key < a[mid]) return BinarySearch (a, low, mid, key); return mid; } void BinaryInsertionSort (int a[], int n) { int ins, i, j; int tmp; for (i = 1; i < n; i++) { ins = BinarySearch (a, 0, i, a[i]); if (ins < i) { tmp = a[i]; memmove (a + ins + 1, a + ins, sizeof (int) * (i - ins)); a[ins] = tmp; } } }

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  • lnk2019 error in very simple c++ program

    - by Erin
    I have tried removing various parts and building, but nothing makes the lnk2019 error go away, or even produces any normal errors. Everything is in the one file at the moment (it won't be later when it is finished). The program has three lists of words and makes a jargon phrase out of them, and you are supposed to be able to add words, remove words, view the lists, restore defaults, save changes to file, and load changes from file. #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <string.h> using namespace std; const int maxlist = 20; string adj1[maxlist], adj2[maxlist], noun[maxlist]; void defaultlist(int list) { if(list == 1) { adj1[0] = "green"; adj1[1] = "red"; adj1[2] = "yellow"; adj1[3] = "blue"; adj1[4] = "purple"; int i = 5; while(i != maxlist) { adj1[i] = ""; i = i + 1; } } if(list == 2) { adj2[0] = "shiny"; adj2[1] = "hard"; adj2[2] = "soft"; adj2[3] = "spiky"; adj2[4] = "furry"; int i = 5; while(i != maxlist) { adj2[i] = ""; i = i + 1; } } if(list == 3) { noun[0] = "cat"; noun[1] = "dog"; noun[2] = "desk"; noun[3] = "chair"; noun[4] = "door"; int i = 5; while(i != maxlist) { noun[i] = ""; i = i + 1; } } return; } void printlist(int list) { if(list == 1) { int i = 0; while(!(i == maxlist)) { cout << adj1[i] << endl; i = i + 1; } } if(list == 2) { int i = 0; while(!(i == maxlist)) { cout << adj2[i] << endl; i = i + 1; } } if(list == 3) { int i = 0; while(!(i == maxlist)) { cout << noun[i] << endl; i = i + 1; } } return; } string makephrase() { int num1 = rand()%maxlist; int num2 = rand()%maxlist; int num3 = rand()%maxlist; int num4 = rand()%1; string word1, word2, word3; if(num4 = 0) { word1 = adj1[num1]; word2 = adj2[num2]; } else { word1 = adj2[num1]; word2 = adj1[num2]; } word3 = noun[num3]; return word1 + " ," + word2 + " " + word3; } string addword(string word, int list) { string result; if(list == 1) { int i = 0; while(!(adj1[i] == "" || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "List is full. Please try again."; if(adj1[i] == "") { adj1[i] = word; result = "Word was entered successfully."; } } if(list == 2) { int i = 0; while(!(adj2[i] == "" || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "List is full. Please try again."; if(adj2[i] == "") { adj2[i] = word; result = "Word was entered successfully."; } } if(list == 3) { int i = 0; while(!(noun[i] == "" || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "List is full. Please try again."; if(noun[i] == "") { noun[i] = word; result = "Word was entered successfully."; } } return result; } string removeword(string word, int list) { string result; if(list == 1) { int i = 0; while(!(adj1[i] == word || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "Word is not on the list. Please try again."; if(adj1[i] == word) { adj1[i] = ""; result = "Word was removed successfully."; } } if(list == 2) { int i = 0; while(!(adj2[i] == word || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "Word is not on the list. Please try again."; if(adj2[i] == word) { adj2[i] = ""; result = "Word was removed successfully."; } } if(list == 3) { int i = 0; while(!(noun[i] == word || i == maxlist)) { i = i + 1; } if(i == maxlist) result = "Word is not on the list. Please try again."; if(noun[i] == word) { noun[i] = ""; result = "Word was removed successfully."; } } return result; } /////////////////////////////main/////////////////////////////////// int main() { string mainselection; string makeselection; string phrase; defaultlist(1); defaultlist(2); defaultlist(3); cout << "This program generates jargon phrases made of two adjectives and one noun,"; cout << " on three lists. Each list may contain a maximum of " << maxlist << "elements."; cout << " Please choose from the following menu by typing the appropriate number "; cout << "and pressing enter." << endl; cout << endl; cout << "1. Make a jargon phrase." << endl; cout << "2. View a list." << endl; cout << "3. Add a word to a list." << endl; cout << "4. Remove a word from a list." << endl; cout << "5. Restore default lists." << endl; cout << "More options coming soon!." << endl; cin mainselection if(mainselection == 1) { phrase = makephrase(); cout << "Your phrase is " << phrase << "." << endl; cout << "To make another phrase, press 1. To go back to the main menu,"; cout << " press 2. To exit the program, press 3." << endl; cin makeselection; while(!(makeselection == "1" || makeselection == "2" || makeselection == "3")) { cout << "You have entered an invalid selection. Please try again." << endl; cin makeselection; } while(makeselection == "1") { phrase = makephrase(); cout << "To make another phrase, press 1. To go back to the main menu,"; cout << " press 2. To exit the program, press 3." << endl; } if(makeselection == "2") main(); if(makeselection == "3") return 0; } return 0; } //Rest of the options coming soon!

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  • Go: using a pointer to array

    - by Sean
    I'm having a little play with google's Go language, and I've run into something which is fairly basic in C but doesn't seem to be covered in the documentation I've seen so far When I pass a pointer to an array to a function, I presumed we'd have some way to access it as follows: func conv(x []int, xlen int, h []int, hlen int, y *[]int) for i := 0; i<xlen; i++ { for j := 0; j<hlen; j++ { *y[i+j] += x[i]*h[j] } } } But the Go compiler doesn't like this: sean@spray:~/dev$ 8g broke.go broke.go:8: invalid operation: y[i + j] (index of type *[]int) Fair enough - it was just a guess. I have got a fairly straightforward workaround: func conv(x []int, xlen int, h []int, hlen int, y_ *[]int) { y := *y_ for i := 0; i<xlen; i++ { for j := 0; j<hlen; j++ { y[i+j] += x[i]*h[j] } } } But surely there's a better way. The annoying thing is that googling for info on Go isn't very useful as all sorts of C\C++\unrelated results appear for most search terms.

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  • Java Performance measurement

    - by portoalet
    Hi, I am doing some Java performance comparison between my classes, and wondering if there is some sort of Java Performance Framework to make writing performance measurement code easier? I.e, what I am doing now is trying to measure what effect does it have having a method as "synchronized" as in PseudoRandomUsingSynch.nextInt() compared to using an AtomicInteger as my "synchronizer". So I am trying to measure how long it takes to generate random integers using 3 threads accessing a synchronized method looping for say 10000 times. I am sure there is a much better way doing this. Can you please enlighten me? :) public static void main( String [] args ) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { PseudoRandomUsingSynch rand1 = new PseudoRandomUsingSynch((int)System.currentTimeMillis()); int n = 3; ExecutorService execService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(n); long timeBefore = System.currentTimeMillis(); for(int idx=0; idx<100000; ++idx) { Future<Integer> future = execService.submit(rand1); Future<Integer> future1 = execService.submit(rand1); Future<Integer> future2 = execService.submit(rand1); int random1 = future.get(); int random2 = future1.get(); int random3 = future2.get(); } long timeAfter = System.currentTimeMillis(); long elapsed = timeAfter - timeBefore; out.println("elapsed:" + elapsed); } the class public class PseudoRandomUsingSynch implements Callable<Integer> { private int seed; public PseudoRandomUsingSynch(int s) { seed = s; } public synchronized int nextInt(int n) { byte [] s = DonsUtil.intToByteArray(seed); SecureRandom secureRandom = new SecureRandom(s); return ( secureRandom.nextInt() % n ); } @Override public Integer call() throws Exception { return nextInt((int)System.currentTimeMillis()); } } Regards

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  • malloc works, cudaHostAlloc segfaults?

    - by Mikhail
    I am new to CUDA and I want to use cudaHostAlloc. I was able to isolate my problem to this following code. Using malloc for host allocation works, using cudaHostAlloc results in a segfault, possibly because the area allocated is invalid? When I dump the pointer in both cases it is not null, so cudaHostAlloc returns something... works in_h = (int*) malloc(length*sizeof(int)); //works for (int i = 0;i<length;i++) in_h[i]=2; doesn't work cudaHostAlloc((void**)&in_h,length*sizeof(int),cudaHostAllocDefault); for (int i = 0;i<length;i++) in_h[i]=2; //segfaults Standalone Code #include <stdio.h> void checkDevice() { cudaDeviceProp info; int deviceName; cudaGetDevice(&deviceName); cudaGetDeviceProperties(&info,deviceName); if (!info.deviceOverlap) { printf("Compute device can't use streams and should be discared."); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } } int main() { checkDevice(); int *in_h; const int length = 10000; cudaHostAlloc((void**)&in_h,length*sizeof(int),cudaHostAllocDefault); printf("segfault comming %d\n",in_h); for (int i = 0;i<length;i++) { in_h[i]=2; } free(in_h); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } ~ Invocation [id129]$ nvcc fun.cu [id129]$ ./a.out segfault comming 327641824 Segmentation fault (core dumped) Details Program is run in interactive mode on a cluster. I was told that an invocation of the program from the compute node pushes it to the cluster. Have not had any trouble with other home made toy cuda codes.

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  • how to create a DataAccessLayer ?

    - by NIGHIL DAS
    hi, i am creating a database applicatin in .Net. I am using a DataAccessLayer for communicating .net objects with database but i am not sure that this class is correct or not Can anyone cross check it and rectify any mistakes namespace IDataaccess { #region Collection Class public class SPParamCollection : List<SPParams> { } public class SPParamReturnCollection : List<SPParams> { } #endregion #region struct public struct SPParams { public string Name { get; set; } public object Value { get; set; } public ParameterDirection ParamDirection { get; set; } public SqlDbType Type { get; set; } public int Size { get; set; } public string TypeName { get; set; } // public string datatype; } #endregion /// <summary> /// Interface DataAccess Layer implimentation New version /// </summary> public interface IDataAccess { DataTable getDataUsingSP(string spName); DataTable getDataUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection); DataSet getDataSetUsingSP(string spName); DataSet getDataSetUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection); SqlDataReader getDataReaderUsingSP(string spName); SqlDataReader getDataReaderUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection); int executeSP(string spName); int executeSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, bool addExtraParmas); int executeSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection); DataTable getDataUsingSqlQuery(string strSqlQuery); int executeSqlQuery(string strSqlQuery); SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection); SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection); SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection, bool addExtraParmas); int executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, ref SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection); object getScalarUsingSP(string spName); object getScalarUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection); } } using IDataaccess; namespace Dataaccess { /// <summary> /// Class DataAccess Layer implimentation New version /// </summary> public class DataAccess : IDataaccess.IDataAccess { #region Public variables static string Strcon; DataSet dts = new DataSet(); public DataAccess() { Strcon = sReadConnectionString(); } private string sReadConnectionString() { try { //dts.ReadXml("C:\\cnn.config"); //Strcon = dts.Tables[0].Rows[0][0].ToString(); //System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); //Strcon = config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings["connectionString"].ConnectionString; // Add an Application Setting. //Strcon = "Data Source=192.168.50.103;Initial Catalog=erpDB;User ID=ipixerp1;Password=NogoXVc3"; Strcon = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["connection"]; //Strcon = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings[0].ToString(); } catch (Exception) { } return Strcon; } public SqlConnection connection; public SqlCommand cmd; public SqlDataAdapter adpt; public DataTable dt; public int intresult; public SqlDataReader sqdr; #endregion #region Public Methods public DataTable getDataUsingSP(string spName) { return getDataUsingSP(spName, null); } public DataTable getDataUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; adpt = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); dt = new DataTable(); adpt.Fill(dt); return (dt); } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public DataSet getDataSetUsingSP(string spName) { return getDataSetUsingSP(spName, null); } public DataSet getDataSetUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; adpt = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); adpt.Fill(ds); return ds; } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public SqlDataReader getDataReaderUsingSP(string spName) { return getDataReaderUsingSP(spName, null); } public SqlDataReader getDataReaderUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; sqdr = cmd.ExecuteReader(); return (sqdr); } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public int executeSP(string spName) { return executeSP(spName, null); } public int executeSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, bool addExtraParmas) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { SqlParameter par = new SqlParameter(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); if (addExtraParmas) { par.TypeName = spParamCollection[count].TypeName; par.SqlDbType = spParamCollection[count].Type; } cmd.Parameters.Add(par); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; return (cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()); } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public int executeSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection) { return executeSP(spName, spParamCollection, false); } public DataTable getDataUsingSqlQuery(string strSqlQuery) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) connection.Open(); { using (cmd = new SqlCommand(strSqlQuery, connection)) { cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; adpt = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); dt = new DataTable(); adpt.Fill(dt); return (dt); } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public int executeSqlQuery(string strSqlQuery) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(strSqlQuery, connection)) { cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text; cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; intresult = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); return (intresult); } } } finally { connection.Close(); } } public SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection) { return executeSPReturnParam(spName, null, spParamReturnCollection); } public int executeSPReturnParam() { return 0; } public int executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, ref SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection) { try { SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturned = new SPParamReturnCollection(); using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; foreach (SPParams paramReturn in spParamReturnCollection) { SqlParameter _parmReturn = new SqlParameter(paramReturn.Name, paramReturn.Size); _parmReturn.Direction = paramReturn.ParamDirection; if (paramReturn.Size > 0) _parmReturn.Size = paramReturn.Size; else _parmReturn.Size = 32; _parmReturn.SqlDbType = paramReturn.Type; cmd.Parameters.Add(_parmReturn); } cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; intresult = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); connection.Close(); //for (int i = 0; i < spParamReturnCollection.Count; i++) //{ // spParamReturned.Add(new SPParams // { // Name = spParamReturnCollection[i].Name, // Value = cmd.Parameters[spParamReturnCollection[i].Name].Value // }); //} } } return intresult; } finally { connection.Close(); } } public SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection) { return executeSPReturnParam(spName, spParamCollection, spParamReturnCollection, false); } public SPParamReturnCollection executeSPReturnParam(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection, SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturnCollection, bool addExtraParmas) { try { SPParamReturnCollection spParamReturned = new SPParamReturnCollection(); using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { //cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); SqlParameter par = new SqlParameter(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); if (addExtraParmas) { par.TypeName = spParamCollection[count].TypeName; par.SqlDbType = spParamCollection[count].Type; } cmd.Parameters.Add(par); } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; foreach (SPParams paramReturn in spParamReturnCollection) { SqlParameter _parmReturn = new SqlParameter(paramReturn.Name, paramReturn.Value); _parmReturn.Direction = paramReturn.ParamDirection; if (paramReturn.Size > 0) _parmReturn.Size = paramReturn.Size; else _parmReturn.Size = 32; _parmReturn.SqlDbType = paramReturn.Type; cmd.Parameters.Add(_parmReturn); } cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); connection.Close(); for (int i = 0; i < spParamReturnCollection.Count; i++) { spParamReturned.Add(new SPParams { Name = spParamReturnCollection[i].Name, Value = cmd.Parameters[spParamReturnCollection[i].Name].Value }); } } } return spParamReturned; } catch (Exception ex) { return null; } finally { connection.Close(); } } public object getScalarUsingSP(string spName) { return getScalarUsingSP(spName, null); } public object getScalarUsingSP(string spName, SPParamCollection spParamCollection) { try { using (connection = new SqlConnection(Strcon)) { connection.Open(); using (cmd = new SqlCommand(spName, connection)) { int count, param = 0; if (spParamCollection == null) { param = -1; } else { param = spParamCollection.Count; } for (count = 0; count < param; count++) { cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue(spParamCollection[count].Name, spParamCollection[count].Value); cmd.CommandTimeout = 60; } cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; return cmd.ExecuteScalar(); } } } finally { connection.Close(); cmd.Dispose(); } } #endregion } }

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  • How to use void*

    - by Rondogiannis Aristophanes
    I am imlementing a simple merge function and I have got stuck, as the compiler gives me errors that I cannot explain. Here is my merge function: void merge(void *a, int beg, int middle, int end, int (*cmp)(const void*, const void* { std::stack<void*> first; std::stack<void*> second; for(int i = beg; i < middle; i++) { first.push(a+i); } for(int i = middle; i < end; i++) { second.push(a+i); } for(int i = beg; i < end; i++) { if(first.empty()) { void *tmp = second.top(); second.pop(); a+i = tmp; } else if(second.empty()) { void *tmp = first.top(); first.pop(); a+i = tmp; } else if(cmp(first.top(), second.top())) { void *tmp = first.top(); first.pop(); a+i = tmp; } else { void *tmp = second.top(); second.pop(); a+i = tmp; } } } And here is the error: sort.h: In function `void merge(void*, int, int, int, int (*)(const void*, const void*))': sort.h:9: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:12: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:19: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:19: error: non-lvalue in assignment sort.h:23: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:23: error: non-lvalue in assignment sort.h:27: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:27: error: non-lvalue in assignment sort.h:31: error: pointer of type `void *' used in arithmetic sort.h:31: error: non-lvalue in assignment Can anyone help me? TIA.

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  • Hibernate design to speed up querying of large dataset

    - by paddydub
    I currently have the below tables representing a bus network mapped in hibernate, accessed from a Spring MVC based bus route planner I'm trying to make my route planner application perform faster, I load all the above tables into Lists to perform the route planner logic. I would appreciate if anyone has any ideas of how to speed my performace Or any suggestions of another method to approach this problem of handling a large set of data Coordinate Connections Table (INT,INT,INT, DOUBLE)( Containing 50,000 Coordinate Connections) ID, FROMCOORDID, TOCOORDID, DISTANCE 1 1 2 0.383657 2 1 17 0.173201 3 1 63 0.258781 4 1 64 0.013726 5 1 65 0.459829 6 1 95 0.458769 Coordinate Table (INT,DECIMAL, DECIMAL) (Containing 4700 Coordinates) ID , LAT, LNG 0 59.352669 -7.264341 1 59.352669 -7.264341 2 59.350012 -7.260653 3 59.337585 -7.189798 4 59.339221 -7.193582 5 59.341408 -7.205888 Bus Stop Table (INT, INT, INT)(Containing 15000 Stops) StopID RouteID COORDINATEID 1000100001 100 17 1000100002 100 18 1000100003 100 19 1000100004 100 20 1000100005 100 21 1000100006 100 22 1000100007 100 23 This is how long it takes to load all the data from each table: stop.findAll = 148ms, stops.size: 15670 Hibernate: select coordinate0_.COORDINATEID as COORDINA1_2_, coordinate0_.LAT as LAT2_, coordinate0_.LNG as LNG2_ from COORDINATES coordinate0_ coord.findAll = 51ms , coordinates.size: 4704 Hibernate: select coordconne0_.COORDCONNECTIONID as COORDCON1_3_, coordconne0_.DISTANCE as DISTANCE3_, coordconne0_.FROMCOORDID as FROMCOOR3_3_, coordconne0_.TOCOORDID as TOCOORDID3_ from COORDCONNECTIONS coordconne0_ coordinateConnectionDao.findAll = 238ms ; coordConnectioninates.size:48132 Hibernate Annotations @Entity @Table(name = "STOPS") public class Stop implements Serializable { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) @Column(name = "STOPID") private int stopID; @Column(name = "ROUTEID", nullable = false) private int routeID; @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "COORDINATEID", nullable = false) private Coordinate coordinate; } @Table(name = "COORDINATES") public class Coordinate { @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "COORDINATEID") private int CoordinateID; @Column(name = "LAT") private double latitude; @Column(name = "LNG") private double longitude; } @Entity @Table(name = "COORDCONNECTIONS") public class CoordConnection { @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "COORDCONNECTIONID") private int CoordinateID; @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "FROMCOORDID", nullable = false) private Coordinate fromCoordID; @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumn(name = "TOCOORDID", nullable = false) private Coordinate toCoordID; @Column(name = "DISTANCE", nullable = false) private double distance; }

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  • Can someone explain me this code ?

    - by VaioIsBorn
    #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> int good(int addr) { printf("Address of hmm: %p\n", addr); } int hmm() { printf("Win.\n"); execl("/bin/sh", "sh", NULL); } extern char **environ; int main(int argc, char **argv) { int i, limit; for(i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; i++) memset(environ[i], 0x00, strlen(environ[i])); int (*fptr)(int) = good; char buf[32]; if(strlen(argv[1]) <= 40) limit = strlen(argv[1]); for(i = 0; i <= limit; i++) { buf[i] = argv[1][i]; if(i < 36) buf[i] = 0x41; } int (*hmmptr)(int) = hmm; (*fptr)((int)hmmptr); return 0; } I don't really understand the code above, i have it from an online game - i should supply something in the arguments so it would give me shell, but i don't get it how it works so i don't know what to do. So i need someone that would explain it what it does, how it's working and the stuff. Thanks.

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  • Using C code in c#

    - by karthik
    When i googled to find the way to change the window style i could find the code in "C" language How can i use the snippet below in my c# application, so that i can hide the Title Bar of external application ? I have not used "C" before.. //Finds a window by class name [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName); //Sets a window to be a child window of another window [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern IntPtr SetParent(IntPtr hWndChild, IntPtr hWndNewParent); //Sets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex, int dwNewLong); //Gets window attributes [DllImport("USER32.DLL")] public static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hWnd, int nIndex); //assorted constants needed public static int GWL_STYLE = -16; public static int WS_CHILD = 0x40000000; //child window public static int WS_BORDER = 0x00800000; //window with border public static int WS_DLGFRAME = 0x00400000; //window with double border but no title public static int WS_CAPTION= WS_BORDER | WS_DLGFRAME; //window with a title bar /* This function sets the parent of the window with class ClassClass to the form/control the method is in. */ public void Reparent() { //get handle of parent form (.net property) IntPtr par = this.Handle; //get handle of child form (win32) IntPtr child = FindWindow("ClassClass", null); //set parent of child form SetParent(child, par); //get current window style of child form int style = GetWindowLong(child, GWL_STYLE); //take current window style and remove WS_CAPTION from it SetWindowLong(child, GWL_STYLE, (style & ~WS_CAPTION)); }

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  • Why the performance of following code is degrading when I use threads ?

    - by DotNetBeginner
    Why the performance of following code is degrading when I use threads ? **1.Without threads int[] arr = new int[100000000]; //Array elements - [0][1][2][3]---[100000000-1] addWithOutThreading(arr); // Time required for this operation - 1.16 sec Definition for addWithOutThreading public void addWithOutThreading(int[] arr) { UInt64 result = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 100000000; i++) { result = result + Convert.ToUInt64(arr[i]); } Console.WriteLine("Addition = " + result.ToString()); } **2.With threads int[] arr = new int[100000000]; int part = (100000000 / 4); UInt64 res1 = 0, res2 = 0, res3 = 0, res4 = 0; ThreadStart starter1 = delegate { addWithThreading(arr, 0, part, ref res1); }; ThreadStart starter2 = delegate { addWithThreading(arr, part, part * 2, ref res2); }; ThreadStart starter3 = delegate { addWithThreading(arr, part * 2, part * 3, ref res3); }; ThreadStart starter4 = delegate { addWithThreading(arr, part * 3, part * 4, ref res4); }; Thread t1 = new Thread(starter1); Thread t2 = new Thread(starter2); Thread t3 = new Thread(starter3); Thread t4 = new Thread(starter4); t1.Start(); t2.Start(); t3.Start(); t4.Start(); t1.Join(); t2.Join(); t3.Join(); t4.Join(); Console.WriteLine("Addition = "+(res1+res2+res3+res4).ToString()); // Time required for this operation - 1.30 sec Definition for addWithThreading public void addWithThreading(int[] arr,int startIndex, int endIndex,ref UInt64 result) { for (int i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++) { result = result + Convert.ToUInt64(arr[i]); } }

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  • problem with binarysearch algorithm

    - by arash
    hi friends,the code below belongs to binary search algorithm,user enter numbers in textbox1 and enter the number that he want to fing with binarysearch in textbox2.i have a problem with it,that is when i enter for example 15,21 in textbox1 and enter 15 in textbox2 and put brakpoint on the line i commented below,and i understood that it doesnt put the number in textbox2 in searchnums(commented),for more explanation i comment in code.thanks in advance public void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { int searchnums = Convert.ToInt32(textBox2.Text);//the problem is here,the value in textbox2 doesnt exist in searchnums and it has value 0. int result = binarysearch(searchnums); MessageBox.Show(result.ToString()); } public int binarysearch(int searchnum) { string[] source = textBox1.Text.Split(','); int[] nums = new int[source.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < source.Length; i++) { nums[i] = Convert.ToInt32(source[i]); } int first =0; int last = nums.Length; int mid = (int)Math.Floor(nums.Length / 2.0); while (1<= nums.Length) { if (searchnum < nums[mid]) { last = mid - 1; } if (searchnum > nums[mid]) { first = mid + 1; } else { return nums[mid]; } } return -1; }

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  • How do I serialize an enum value as an int?

    - by Espo
    I want to serialize my enum-value as an int, but i only get the name. Here is my (sample) class and enum: public class Request { public RequestType request; } public enum RequestType { Booking = 1, Confirmation = 2, PreBooking = 4, PreBookingConfirmation = 5, BookingStatus = 6 } And the code (just to be sure i'm not doing it wrong) Request req = new Request(); req.request = RequestType.Confirmation; XmlSerializer xml = new XmlSerializer(req.GetType()); StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); xml.Serialize(writer, req); textBox1.Text = writer.ToString(); This answer (to another question) seems to indicate that enums should serialize to ints as default, but it doesn't seem to do that. Here is my output: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <Request xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <request>Confirmation</request> </Request> I have been able to serialize as the value by putting an "[XmlEnum("X")]" attribute on every value, but this just seems wrong.

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