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• The Definition of Regular Languages

  - by AraK

  Good Day, I have tried, and burned my brain to understand the definition of Regular Languages in Discrete Mathematics and its Applications(Rosen) without reaching the goal of understanding why the definition is like that in this book. On page(789), I am rephrasing the definition: Type 3 grammars are defined as: w1 --> w2 Where w1 is a non-terminal, and w2 is of the form: w2 = aB w2 = a Where B is a non-terminal, and a is a terminal. A special case is when w1 is the starting symbol and w2 is lambda(the empty string): w1 = S S --> lambda Two questions I couldn't find an answer for. First, Why can't w2 be of the form Ba. Second, Why lambda is only allowed for the starting symbol only. The book states that, regular languages are equivalent to Finite State Automaton, and we can easily see that a we can build FSA for both cases. I took a look at other resources, and these restrictions don't exist in these resources. Thanks,

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• Nothing = String.Empty (Why are these equal?)

  - by Ek0nomik

  I find it very puzzling that null equals String.Empty in VB.NET. There must be an explanation for it that I'm not understanding. Somehow, when the equality of String.Empty (which has an object type of string) is tested against Nothing (which has no type) the test returns true. It just seems like a turn around in logic to me. In SQL if I were to compare an empty char or varchar against a null value, the test wouldn't return true. A null value is not the same as an empty string in this case. Yet in VB.NET they are equal. I'd love it if someone could provide a good explanation around this.

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• Find out 20th, 30th, nth prime number. (I'm getting 20th but not 30th?) [Python]

  - by gsin

  The question is to find the 1000th prime number. I wrote the following python code for this. The problem is, I get the right answer for the 10th , 20th prime but after that each increment of 10 leaves me one off the mark. I can't catch the bug here :( count=1 #to keep count of prime numbers primes=() #tuple to hold primes candidate=3 #variable to test for primes while count<20: for x in range(2,candidate): if candidate%x==0: candidate=candidate+2 else : pass primes=primes+(candidate,) candidate=candidate+2 count=count+1 print primes print "20th prime is ", primes[-1] In case you're wondering, count is initialised as 1 because I am not testing for 2 as a prime number(I'm starting from 3) and candidate is being incremented by 2 because only odd numbers can be prime numbers. I know there are other ways of solving this problem, such as the prime number theorem but I wanna know what's wrong with this approach. Also if there are any optimisations you have in mind, please suggest. Thank You

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• xml pahsing issue..

  - by 3gwebtrain

  HI, any one help me in this xml parsing issue? my xml is : name my jquery is : $(function(){ $.get("shop.xml", function(data){ var shopInfo = $(data).find("shop").attr('title'); var showowner = $(data).find("raj").attr('title'); alert(shopInfo+':'+showowner); }) }) when i alret in firefox it alret the shopInfo as "null" and showowner "title" and i case if i check with ie, and chrome, i am getting "null:null" in the alert message. any one tell me what is the wrong i am doing here? i need my jquery need to get xml data properly from to all browsers, for that any suggestion please?

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• Command-line input causes SyntaxError

  - by coson

  Good Day, I have a simple Python question that I'm having brain freeze on. This code snippet works. But when I substitue "258 494-3929" with phoneNumber, I get the following error below: # Compare phone number phone_pattern = '^\d{3} ?\d{3}-\d{4}$' # phoneNumber = str(input("Please enter a phone number: ")) if re.search(phone_pattern, "258 494-3929"): print "Pattern matches" else: print "Pattern doesn't match!" ####################################################### Pattern does not match Please enter a phone number: 258 494-3929 Traceback (most recent call last): File "pattern_match.py", line 16, in <module> phoneNumber = str(input("Please enter a phone number: ")) File "<string>", line 1 258 494-3929 ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax C:\Users\Developer\Documents\PythonDemo> By the way, I did import re and tried using rstrip in case of the \n What else could I be missing? Thanks in advance.

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• ASP.NET MVC based CMS - dynamic generation of form helpers

  - by user252160

  I am working on an ASP.NET MVC based CMS that presents a rather extreme case. The system must allow the user to add custom content types based on different fields, and for every field, one can add options and validations. The thing is that everything is stored in a complex DB and extracted at runtime using LINQ. I am pretty fresh with ASPNET MVC so the following dilemma came to mind How should I make the content creation view so that form helpers are not predefined int he view code but are loaded based on the type of the field ? Do I have to create a factory class that checks the value of the type property of the field, and then returns a helper based on that or there's a better way to do it. This one seems pretty rigid to me , because anytime I make a change in the Fieldtypes table, I will have to make sure to create a check for that new type too.

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• 'script/console test' with spork and rspec not loading the whole environment?

  - by TheDeeno

  I'm trying to load up console to interact with some of my rspec mocking helpers. I expected that running script/console test would load an env similar to when I run spec. However, this doesn't appear to be the case. It looks like spec_helper is never loaded. Or, if it is, it's not actually running through the logic because spork has polluted it a bit. In short, is there a quick and easy way to get an interactive rspec party going?

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• Is the javaScript not part of the DOM?

  - by DKinzer

  Why is it that scripts can still function even after the code used to create them is removed from the DOM? I ran into a situation where I wanted to prevent a broken script from running (@see my post). In my attempt to come up with a solution I wrote an extension with the following line (just to see what would happen). //doc is passed here because this script is running as a firefox extension outside //of the document context. $('script', doc).remove(); I assumed that this would remove all the scripts from the DOM, which it did, and that therefore no scripts would run on the page, which is not the case. I would love to know more about what's behind this behavior.

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• How to render Max(Substgring) with Lambda Extensions

  - by caifa

  Hi everybody. I'm using NHibernate with Lambda Extensions. I'd like to know how to nest a Max function with a Substring. The following statement retrieves Max("invoice_id") var ret = session .CreateCriteria<Invoice>() .SetProjection(Projections.Max("invoice_id")) .UniqueResult(); but in my case the field invoice_id is made in this way: 123452010 where 12345 is the invoice number, and 2010 is the current year. So I need to calculate the Max function only over the first 5 digits. How can I do it?

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• watchpoint in GDB

  - by Tim

  Hi, If I set a watchpoint for a variable local to the current scope, it will be auto deleted when going out of the scope. Is there any way to set it once and keep it auto alive whenever entering the same scope? Is there anyway to set conditional watchpoint, like "watch var1 if var1==0"? In my case, the condition does't work. gdb stops whenever var1's value is changed, instead of untill "var1==0" is true. My gdb is GNU gdb 6.8-debian. Thanks and regards!

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• PHP PDO: Fetching data as objects - properties assigned BEFORE __construct is called. Is this correc

  - by Erik

  The full question should be "Is this correct or is it some bug I can't count on?" I've been working with PDO more and in particular playing with fetching data directly into objects. While doing so I discovered this: If I fetch data directly into an object like this: $STH = $DBH->prepare('SELECT first_name, address from people WHERE 1'); $obj = $STH->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_CLASS, 'person'); and have an object like this: class person { public $first_name; public $address; function __construct() { $this->first_name = $this->first_name . " is the name"; } } It shows me that the properties are being assigned before the __construct is being called -- because the names all have " is the name" appended. Is this some bug (in which case I can't/won't count on it) or is this The Way It Should Be. Because it's really quite a nice thing the way it works currently.

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• Combine query results from one table with the defaults from another

  - by pulegium

  This is a dumbed down version of the real table data, so may look bit silly. Table 1 (users): id INT username TEXT favourite_food TEXT food_pref_id INT Table 2 (food_preferences): id INT food_type TEXT The logic is as follows: Let's say I have this in my food preference table: 1, 'VEGETARIAN' and this in the users table: 1, 'John', NULL, 1 2, 'Pete', 'Curry', 1 In which case John defaults to be a vegetarian, but Pete should show up as a person who enjoys curry. Question, is there any way to combine the query into one select statement, so that it would get the default from the preferences table if the favourite_food column is NULL? I can obviously do this in application logic, but would be nice just to offload this to SQL, if possible. DB is SQLite3...

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• How to assign permissions for Copy/Paste on windows

  - by jalchr

  Well, as everyone knows there is no way you can assign permissions for Copy/Paste of files on windows platform. I need to control the copy process from a central file server, in a way that helps me know: which user performed the copy Which files were copied where did he pasted them Total size of data copied Time of copy operation If user exceeds the allowed "Copy-Limit", a dialog box requests him to enter administrative credentials or deny him (as it would be configured) Store all this data in a file for later review or send by email. I need to collect this data by putting a utility program on the server itself, without any other installation on client computers. I know about monitoring the Clipboard, but which clipboard would it be? the user's clipboard or the server's clipboard ? And what about drag-drop operation, which doesn't even pass through the clipboard? Any knowledge of whether SystemFileWatcher is useful in such case ? Any ideas ?

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• Can a 32-bit RHEL4 userland work with a 64-bit kernel?

  - by James

  Is there a way to change an i386 RHEL4 machine to run an amd64 kernel, but ensure that it still builds software into same i386 binaries? On Debian this seems quite straightforward: just install an amd64 kernel (worst case, build one like this guy: http://www.debian-administration.org/users/jonesy/weblog/1) and prefix everything with "linux32". Then everything that considers uname -m will be unchanged, I just need to handle the few cases that consider uname -r. What is the Red Hat equivalent? Is the only way a full 64-bit installation on another disk and then chrooting back to the 32-bit system before anyone builds anything? (Even the best examples of that seem to be Debian-based.) Background: We make a large system that runs on (a variant of) i386 RHEL4. However, some of the larger RHEL build machines now have enough RAM that they might benefit from going 64-bit (for the kernel and maybe some of the bigger build steps). Our build system doesn't support cross-compilation.

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• SSL connection using Java standalone app

  - by Marquinio

  I have created a standalone executable JAR program that needs to send private information over a SSL connection. I was not able to establish the SSL connection using certificates. Was getting this: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path `building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target` So I found some code somewhere that creates a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains: // Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{ new X509TrustManager() { public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } public void checkClientTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) { } public void checkServerTrusted( java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs, String authType) { } } }; That did the trick and I was able to establish SSL connection without any certificates. My concern is if the data will still be encrypted when exchanging private information. This is an execute JAR file that clients will be downloading to their computers. So is a certificate really necessary for this case? Thanks.

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• Embedding generic sql queries into c# program

  - by Pooja Balkundi

  Okay referring to my first question code in the main, I want the user to enter employee name at runtime and then i take this name which user has entered and compare it with the e_name of my emp table , if it exists i want to display all information of that employee , how can I achieve this ? using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Windows.Forms; using MySql.Data.MySqlClient; namespace ConnectCsharppToMySQL { public class DBConnect { private MySqlConnection connection; private string server; private string database; private string uid; private string password; string name; //Constructor public DBConnect() { Initialize(); } //Initialize values private void Initialize() { server = "localhost"; database = "test"; uid = "root"; password = ""; string connectionString; connectionString = "SERVER=" + server + ";" + "DATABASE=" + database + ";" + "UID=" + uid + ";" + "PASSWORD=" + password + ";"; connection = new MySqlConnection(connectionString); } //open connection to database private bool OpenConnection() { try { connection.Open(); return true; } catch (MySqlException ex) { //When handling errors, you can your application's response based //on the error number. //The two most common error numbers when connecting are as follows: //0: Cannot connect to server. //1045: Invalid user name and/or password. switch (ex.Number) { case 0: MessageBox.Show("Cannot connect to server. Contact administrator"); break; case 1045: MessageBox.Show("Invalid username/password, please try again"); break; } return false; } } //Close connection private bool CloseConnection() { try { connection.Close(); return true; } catch (MySqlException ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); return false; } } //Insert statement public void Insert() { string query = "INSERT INTO emp (e_name, age) VALUES('Pooja R', '21')"; //open connection if (this.OpenConnection() == true) { //create command and assign the query and connection from the constructor MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(query, connection); //Execute command cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); //close connection this.CloseConnection(); } } //Update statement public void Update() { string query = "UPDATE emp SET e_name='Peachy', age='22' WHERE e_name='Pooja R'"; //Open connection if (this.OpenConnection() == true) { //create mysql command MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(); //Assign the query using CommandText cmd.CommandText = query; //Assign the connection using Connection cmd.Connection = connection; //Execute query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); //close connection this.CloseConnection(); } } //Select statement public List<string>[] Select() { string query = "SELECT * FROM emp where e_name=(/*I WANT USER ENTERED NAME TO GET INSERTED HERE*/)"; //Create a list to store the result List<string>[] list = new List<string>[3]; list[0] = new List<string>(); list[1] = new List<string>(); list[2] = new List<string>(); //Open connection if (this.OpenConnection() == true) { //Create Command MySqlCommand cmd = new MySqlCommand(query, connection); //Create a data reader and Execute the command MySqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader(); //Read the data and store them in the list while (dataReader.Read()) { list[0].Add(dataReader["e_id"] + ""); list[1].Add(dataReader["e_name"] + ""); list[2].Add(dataReader["age"] + ""); } //close Data Reader dataReader.Close(); //close Connection this.CloseConnection(); //return list to be displayed return list; } else { return list; } } public static void Main(String[] args) { DBConnect db1 = new DBConnect(); Console.WriteLine("Initializing"); db1.Initialize(); Console.WriteLine("Search :"); Console.WriteLine("Enter the employee name"); db1.name = Console.ReadLine(); db1.Select(); Console.ReadLine(); } } }

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• Is this code well-defined?

  - by Nawaz

  This code is taken from a discussion going on here. someInstance.Fun(++k).Gun(10).Sun(k).Tun(); Is this code well-defined? Is ++k Fun() evaluated before k in Sun()? What if k is user-defined type, not built-in type? And in what ways the above function calls order is different from this: eat(++k);drink(10);sleep(k); As far as I can say, in both situations, there exists a sequence point after each function call. If so, then why can't the first case is also well-defined like the second one? Section 1.9.17 of the C++ ISO standard says this about sequence points and function evaluation: When calling a function (whether or not the function is inline), there is a sequence point after the evaluation of all function arguments (if any) which takes place before execution of any expressions or statements in the function body. There is also a sequence point after the copying of a returned value and before the execution of any expressions outside the function.

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• How do I inhibit "note C6311" in Microsoft C compiler?

  - by piCookie

  In this maximally clipped source example, the manifest constant FOOBAR is being redefined. This is deliberate, and there is extra code in the live case to make use of each definition. The pragma was added to get rid of a warning message, but then a note appeared, and I don't seem to find a way to get rid of the note. I've been able to modify this particular source to #undef between the #define, but I would like to know if there's a way to inhibit the note without requiring #undef, since there are multiple constants being handled the same way. #pragma warning( disable : 4005 ) // 'identifier' : macro redefinition #define FOOBAR FOO #define FOOBAR BAR The compiler banner and output are as follows Microsoft (R) 32-bit C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 12.00.8804 for 80x86 Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1984-1998. All rights reserved. message.c message.c(3) : note C6311: message.c(2) : see previous definition of 'FOOBAR'

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• Client-side framework for web-app with good audio support

  - by Poita_

  I'm trying to create a client-side web app that generates music procedurally using some user-input parameters, so I'm looking for a framework (e.g. Flash, Silverlight etc.) that has the capability to play audio at a specified pitch. Whether it is playing a WAV/MP3 file, using MIDI output, or just playing beeps doesn't really matter -- I just need something that will enable me to generate arbitrary music client-side. I've done a bit of searching and it appears that Flash might have the ability to change pitch with the help of a third-part plugin, but I couldn't find anything similar for Silverlight. I can go a try all them out manually if need be, but I thought I'd ask here first just in case anyone had tried something like this before. Thanks in advance

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• Redirects in RoR: Which one to use?

  - by scrr

  Hello, we are making a website that takes a generated incoming link and forwards the user who is clicking on it to another website while saving a record of the action in our DB. I guess it's basically what ad-services like AdSense do. However, what is the best way to redirect the user? I think html-meta-tag-redirects are out of question. So what other options are there? head :moved_permanently, :location => "http://www.domain.com/" This one is a 301-redirect. The next one is a 302: redirect_to "http://www.domain.com" Are there any others? And which is best to use for our case? The links are highly-dynamic and change all the time. We want to make sure we don't violate any existing standards and of course we don't want search-engines to tag us as spammers (which we are not, btw). Thanks!

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• How do I wait until a console application is idle?

  - by Anthony Mastrean

  I have a console application that starts up, hosts a bunch of services (long-running startup), and then waits for clients to call into it. I have integration tests that start this console application and make "client" calls. How do I wait for the console application to complete its startup before making the client calls? I want to avoid doing Thread.Sleep(int) because that's dependent on the startup time (which may change) and I waste time if the startup is faster. Process.WaitForInputIdle works only on applications with a UI (and I confirmed that it does throw an exception in this case). I'm open to awkward solutions like, have the console application write a temp file when it's ready.

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• Problems with http://wall.plasm.it/examples/example-the-wall/ - Images

  - by wolfau

  It is probably piece of cake for You, but I'm in the black hole now and I don't know what is the problem with The Wall. I would like to do something as www.wall.plasm.it/examples/example-the-wall/. Please - look at: www.megainstal.pl/ there is not any images. Could You help with fix it? I will be really grateful for any help/information. Short story: 1) I download the files from github: https://github.com/plasm/the-wall 2) I changed only 3 files: 01-wall.css, index.html, 01-wall.js (case: basic) 3) in 01-wall.js I declared images: var a = new Element("img[src=../../img/middle/"+counterFluid+".jpg]"); 4) images that are: 1 to 76.jpg Could you point me to where I making a mistake? If You going to see source files - I zip that's all in the one file: files.zip S. from Poland Thank You in advance!

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• NETBEANS JAVADB - How do I integrate a JavaDB DataBase into my main Java Package

  - by Stefanos Kargas

  JAVA I am working on a desktop application which uses JavaDB. I am using NetBeans 6.8 and JDK 6 Update 20 I created the database I need and connected to it through my application using ClientDriver: String driver = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.ClientDriver"; String connectionURL = "jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/myDB;create=true;user=user;password=pass"; try { Class.forName(driver); } catch (java.lang.ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { schedoDBConnection = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionURL); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } This works fine. But in that case the service of the database comes from NetBeans. If I move my application to another PC I won't be able to access my database. How can I integrate my JavaDB into my application?

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• How to set width of textbox to be same as MaxLength in ASP.NET

  - by John Galt

  Is there a way I can limit the width of a textbox to be equal to the MaxLength property? In my case right now, the textbox control is placed in a table cell as in this snippet: <td class=TDSmallerBold style="width:90%"> <asp:textbox id="txtTitle" runat="server" CausesValidation="true" Text="Type a title here..be concise but descriptive. Include price." ToolTip="Describe the item with a short pithy title (most important keywords first). Include the price. The title you provide here will be the primary text found by search engines that index Zipeee content." MaxLength="60" Width="100%"> </asp:textbox> (I know I should not use HTML tables to control layout..another subject for sure) but is there a way to constrain the actual width to the max number of characters allowed in the typed box?

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• Why is the destructor called when the CPython garbage collector is disabled?

  - by Frederik

  I'm trying to understand the internals of the CPython garbage collector, specifically when the destructor is called. So far, the behavior is intuitive, but the following case trips me up: Disable the GC. Create an object, then remove a reference to it. The object is destroyed and the __del__ method is called. I thought this would only happen if the garbage collector was enabled. Can someone explain why this happens? Is there a way to defer calling the destructor? import gc import unittest _destroyed = False class MyClass(object): def __del__(self): global _destroyed _destroyed = True class GarbageCollectionTest(unittest.TestCase): def testExplicitGarbageCollection(self): gc.disable() ref = MyClass() ref = None # The next test fails. # The object is automatically destroyed even with the collector turned off. self.assertFalse(_destroyed) gc.collect() self.assertTrue(_destroyed) if __name__=='__main__': unittest.main() Disclaimer: this code is not meant for production -- I've already noted that this is very implementation-specific and does not work on Jython.

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