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  • Low CPU/Memory/Memory-bandwith Pathfinding (maybe like in Warcraft 1)

    - by Valmond
    Dijkstra and A* are all nice and popular but what kind of algorithm was used in Warcraft 1 for pathfinding? I remember that the enemy could get trapped in bowl-like caverns which means there were (most probably) no full-path calculations from "start to end". If I recall correctly, the algorithm could be something like this: A) Move towards enemy until success or hitting a wall B) If blocked by a wall, follow the wall until you can move towards the enemy without being blocked and then do A) But I'd like to know, if someone knows :-) [edit] As explained to Byte56, I'm searching for a low cpu/mem/mem-bandwidth algo and wanted to know if Warcraft had some special secrets to deliver (never seen that kind of pathfinding elsewhere), I hope that that is more concordant with the stackexchange rules.

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  • How many VBOs should I use and should I keep a copy of their data?

    - by CSharpie
    Firstofall, I am sorry if my question is to broad. I am developing a tile based game and switched from those gl.Begin calls to using VBOs. This is kind of working allready, I managed to render a hexagonal polygon with a simple shader applied. What I am not sure is, how to implement the "whole" tile concept. Concrete the questions are: Is it better to create 1 VBO for a single tile and render it n-Times in every different position, or render one huge VBO that represents the whole "world" Depending on the answer above, what is the best way to draw a "linegrid". Overlay with the same vbo using the respecting polygon.mode , or is there a way to let the shader to this? How would frustum-culling or mousepicking work then, do i need to keep the VBO-data in memory?

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  • Collision detection between a sprite and rectangle in canvas

    - by Andy
    I'm building a Javascript + canvas game which is essentially a platformer. I have the player all set up and he's running, jumping and falling, but I'm having trouble with the collision detection between the player and blocks (the blocks will essentially be the platforms that the player moves on). The blocks are stored in an array like this: var blockList = [[50, 400, 100, 100]]; And drawn to the canvas using this: this.draw = function() { c.fillRect(blockList[0][0], blockList[0][1], 100, 100); } I'm checking for collisions using something along these lines in the player object: this.update = function() { // Check for collitions with blocks for(var i = 0; i < blockList.length; i++) { if((player.xpos + 34) > blockList[i][0] && player.ypos > blockList[i][1]) { player.xpos = blockList[i][0] - 28; return false; } } // Other code to move the player based on keyboard input etc } The idea is if the player will collide with a block in the next game update (the game uses a main loop running at 60Htz), the function will return false and exit, thus meaning the player won't move. Unfortunately, that only works when the player hits the left side of the block, and I can't work out how to make it so the player stops if it hits any side of the block. I have the properties player.xpos and player.ypos to help here.

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  • Realistic Jumping

    - by Seth Taddiken
    I want to make the jumping that my character does more realistic. This is what I've tried so far but it doesn't seem very realistic when the player jumps. I want it to jump up at a certain speed then slow down as it gets to the top then eventually stopping (for about one frame) and then slowly going back down but going faster and faster as it goes back down. I've been trying to make the speed at which the player jumps up slow down by one each frame then become negative and go down faster... but it doesn't work very well public bool isPlayerDown = true; public bool maxJumpLimit = false; public bool gravityReality = false; public bool leftWall = false; public bool rightWall = false; public float x = 76f; public float y = 405f; if (Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(up) && this.isPlayerDown == true && this.y <= 405f) { this.isPlayerDown = false; } if (this.isPlayerDown == false && this.maxJumpLimit == false) { this.y = this.y - 6; } if (this.y <= 200) { this.maxJumpLimit = true; } if (this.isPlayerDown == true) { this.y = 405f; this.isPlayerDown = true; this.maxJumpLimit = false; } if (this.gravityReality == true) { this.y = this.y + 2f; this.gravityReality = false; } if (this.maxJumpLimit == true) { this.y = this.y + 2f; this.gravityReality = true; } if (this.y > 405f) { this.isPlayerDown = true; }

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  • Deforming surfaces

    - by Constantin
    I try to accomplish an deforming physic behaviour for levelsurfaces, but don't get an idea how to start with the implemenation so far. Regardless of the shape from the surface (planes, cubes, spheres…), I want to have small indentations at the positions from game-entitys (players, enemys, objects…). It's kind of complicated to explain, so I illustrated what I'm talking about (here is an example with an sphere): So, the surfaces should be able to deforming themselfs a little bit (to apear like an really soft bed or sofa). My surfaces need probably an high vertices count to get an smooth deforming, but my big problem is the math for calculating this deforming… I'm programming in C/C++ with OpenGL, but will be fine with any advices in the right direction. Any help would be highly appreciated,

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  • Prevent collisions between mobs/npcs/units piloted by computer AI : How to avoid mobile obstacles?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    Lets says we have character a starting at point A and character b starting at point B. character a is headed to point B and character b is headed to point A. There are several simple ways to find the path(I will be using Dijkstra). The question is, how do I take preventative action in the code to stop the two from colliding with one another? case2: Characters a and b start from the same point in different times. Character b starts later and is the faster of the two. How do I make character b walk around character a without going through it? case3:Lets say we have m such characters in each side and there is sufficient room to pass through without the characters overlapping with one another. How do I stop the two groups of characters from "walking on top of one another" and allow them pass around one another in a natural organic way. A correct answer would be any algorithm, that given the path to the destination and a list of mobile objects that block the path, finds an alternative path or stops without stopping all units when there is sufficient room to traverse.

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  • Panning a 3d viewport in 2d direction with rotated camera

    - by Noob Game Developer
    I am using below code to pan the viewport (action script 3 code using flare3d framework) _mainCamera.x-= Input3D.mouseXSpeed; _mainCamera.z+= Input3D.mouseYSpeed; Where as Input3D.mouse[X|Y]Speed gives the displacement of the mouse on the X/Y axis starting from the position of the last frame. This works perfect if my camera is not rotated. However, if I rotate the camera (x by 30, y by 60) and pan the camera then it goes wrong. Which is actually correctly panning according to the code. But this is not desired and I know I need to do some math to get the correct x/y which I am not aware of it. Can some one help me achieving it? Update: I am getting an Idea but I am not sure how to do it :( Get the mouseX/Y deltas (xd,yd) Get the current camera coords (pos3d) Convert to screen coords (pos2d) Add deltas to screen coords (pos2d+ (xd,yd)) Convert above coords to 3d coords

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  • Character equipment combinations

    - by JimFing
    I'm developing a 2d isometric game (typical Tolkien RPG) and wondering how to handle character/equipment combinations. So for example, the player wears leather boots with chain-mail and a wooden shield and a sword - but then picks up plate-armour instead of chain-mail. I'm using Blender3D to create objects, environments and characters in 3D, then a script runs to render all 3D meshes into 2D orthographic tile maps. So I can use this script to create all the combinations of character equipment for me, but there would be an explosion in terms of the combinations required.

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  • Vector-based fonts vs. bitmap fonts in (2d) games?

    - by jmp97
    I know that many games are using bitmap fonts. Which are the advantages for vector-based font rendering / manipulation when compared to bitmap fonts and in which scenarios would they matter the most? Prefer a focus on 2d games when answering this question. If relevant, please include examples for games using either approach. Some factors you might consider: amount of text used in the game scaling of text overlaying glyphs and anti-aliasing general rendering quality font colors and styling user interface requirements localisation / unicode text wrapping and formatting cross-platform deployment 2d vs 3d Background: I am developing a simple falling blocks game in 2d, targeted for pc. I would like to add text labels for level, score, and menu buttons. I am using SFML which uses FreeType internally, so vector-based features are easily available for my project. In my view, font sizes in simple games often don't vary, and bitmap fonts should be easier for cross-platform concerns (font-formats and font rendering quality). But I am unsure if I am missing some important points here, especially since I want to polish the looks of the final game.

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  • Separating logic and data in browser game

    - by Tesserex
    I've been thinking this over for days and I'm still not sure what to do. I'm trying to refactor a combat system in PHP (...sorry.) Here's what exists so far: There are two (so far) types of entities that can participate in combat. Let's just call them players and NPCs. Their data is already written pretty well. When involved in combat, these entities are wrapped with another object in the DB called a Combatant, which gives them information about the particular fight. They can be involved in multiple combats at once. I'm trying to write the logic engine for combat by having combatants injected into it. I want to be able to mock everything for testing. In order to separate logic and data, I want to have two interfaces / base classes, one being ICombatantData and the other ICombatantLogic. The two implementers of data will be one for the real objects stored in the database, and the other for my mock objects. I'm now running into uncertainties with designing the logic side of things. I can have one implementer for each of players and NPCs, but then I have an issue. A combatant needs to be able to return the entity that it wraps. Should this getter method be part of logic or data? I feel strongly that it should be in data, because the logic part is used for executing combat, and won't be available if someone is just looking up information about an upcoming fight. But the data classes only separate mock from DB, not player from NPC. If I try having two child classes of the DB data implementer, one for each entity type, then how do I architect that while keeping my mocks in the loop? Do I need some third interface like IEntityProvider that I inject into the data classes? Also with some of the ideas I've been considering, I feel like I'll have to put checks in place to make sure you don't mismatch things, like making the logic for an NPC accidentally wrap the data for a player. Does that make any sense? Is that a situation that would even be possible if the architecture is correct, or would the right design prohibit that completely so I don't need to check for it? If someone could help me just layout a class diagram or something for this it would help me a lot. Thanks. edit Also useful to note, the mock data class doesn't really need the Entity, since I'll just be specifying all the parameters like combat stats directly instead. So maybe that will affect the correct design.

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  • What should I do if my text exceeds my text render target boundaries?

    - by user1423893
    I have a method for drawing strings in 3D that does the following: Set a render target Draw each character as a quadrangle using a orthographic projection to the render target Unset the render target Draw the render target texture using a perspective projection and a world transform My problem is how to deal with strings whose characters length exceeds that of the render target dimensions? For example if I have string "This is a reallllllllllly long string" and the render target can't accommodate it, it will only capture "This is a realllll". The render target (and its size) could be set each frame but wouldn't that be far too costly?

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  • Implementing AS 2.0 with FSM?

    - by Up2u
    i have seen many of references of AI and FSM like : http://www.richardlord.net/blog/fini...n-actionscript and sadly im still can't understand the point of the FSM on AS2.0 is it a must to create a class of each state ? i have a project of game and also it has an AI, the AI has 3 state n i said the state is distanceCheck, ChaseTarget, and Hit the target, the game that i create is FPS game and play via by mouse so what i mean is i have create an AI ( and is success ) but i want to convert it to FSM method ... i create : function of CheckDistanceState() and in that function i have to locked the target with an array, and sort it with the nearest distance and locked it and it trigger the function ChaseState(), and in the ChaseState() i insert the Hit() function to destroy the enemy, the 3 function that i created , i call it in the AI_cursor.onEnterframe, ( FPS game that only have a cursor in stage ) is there any chance to implement FSM to my code without to create a class ?? from what i read before , to create a class mean to create an external code outside of the frame ( i used to code in frame) and i stil dont understand about it. sorry if my explaination not clear ...

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  • In what kind of variable type is the player position stored on a MMORPG such as WoW?

    - by jokoon
    I even heard J. Carmack quickly talk about it... How a software can track a player's position so accurately, being on a such huge world, without loading between zones, and on a multiplayer scale ? How is the data formatted when it passes through the netcode ? I can understand how vertices are stored into the graphic card's memory, but when it comes to synchronize the multiplayer, I can't imagine what is best.

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  • Implementing Camera Zoom in a 2D Engine

    - by Luke
    I'm currently trying to implement camera scaling/zoom in my 2D Engine. Normally I calculate the Sprite's drawing size and position similar to this pseudo code: render() { var x = sprite.x; var y = sprite.y; var sizeX = sprite.width * sprite.scaleX; // width of the sprite on the screen var sizeY = sprite.height * sprite.scaleY; // height of the sprite on the screen } To implement the scaling i changed the code to this: class Camera { var scaleX; var scaleY; var zoom; var finalScaleX; // = scaleX * zoom var finalScaleY; // = scaleY * zoom } render() { var x = sprite.x * Camera.finalScaleX; var y = sprite.y * Camera.finalScaleY; var sizeX = sprite.width * sprite.scaleX * Camera.finalScaleX; var sizeY = sprite.height * sprite.scaleY * Camera.finalScaleY; } The problem is that when the zoom is smaller than 1.0 all sprites are moved toward the top-left corner of the screen. This is expected when looking at the code but i want the camera to zoom on the center of the screen. Any tips on how to do that are welcome. :)

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  • What are some ways to separate game logic from animations and the draw loop?

    - by TMV
    I have only previously made flash games, using MovieClips and such to separate out my animations from my game logic. Now I am getting into trying my hand at making a game for Android, but the game programming theory around separating these things still confuses me. I come from a background of developing non game web applications so I am versed in more MVC like patterns and am stuck in that mindset as I approach game programming. I want to do things like abstract my game by having, for example, a game board class that contains the data for a grid of tiles with instances of a tile class that each contain properties. I can give my draw loop access to this and have it draw the game board based on the properties of each tile on the game board, but I don't understand where exactly animation should go. As far as I can tell, animation sort of sits between the abstracted game logic (model) and the draw loop (view). With my MVC mindset, it's frustrating trying to decide where animation is actually supposed to go. It would have quite a bit of data associated with it like a model, but seemingly needs to be very closely coupled with the draw loop in order to have things like frame independent animation. How can I break out of this mindset and start thinking about patterns that make more sense for games?

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  • How to offset particles from point of origin

    - by Sun
    Hi I'm having troubles off setting particles from a point of origin. I want my particles to spread out after a certain radius from a the point of origin. For example, this is what I have right now: All particles emitted from a point of origin. What I want is this: Particles are offset from the point of origin by some amount, i.e after the circle. What is the best way to achieve this? At the moment, I have the point of origin, the position of each particle and its rotation angle. Sorry for the poor illustrations. Edit: I was mistaken, when a particle is created, I have only the point of origin. When the particle is created I am able to calculate the rotation of the particle in the update method after it has moved to a new location using atan2() method. This is how I create/manage particles: Created new particle at enemy ship death location, for every new particle which is added to the list, call Update and Draw to update its position, calculate new angle and draw it.

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  • rotate opengl mesh relative to camera

    - by shuall
    I have a cube in opengl. It's position is determined by multiplying it's specific model matrix, the view matrix, and the projection matrix and then passing that to the shader as per this tutorial (http://www.opengl-tutorial.org/beginners-tutorials/tutorial-3-matrices/). I want to rotate it relative to the camera. The only way I can think of getting the correct axis is by multiplying the inverse of the model matrix (because that's where all the previous rotations and tranforms are stored) times the view matrix times the axis of rotation (x or y). I feel like there's got to be a better way to do this like use something other than model, view and projection matrices, or maybe I'm doing something wrong. That's what all the tutorials I've seen use. PS I'm also trying to keep with opengl 4 core stuff. edit: If quaternions would fix my problems, could someone point me to a good tutorial/example for switching from 4x4 matrices to quaternions. I'm a little daunted by the task.

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  • Best approach to get clicked objects from a display list (2D)

    - by Ixx
    I'm implementing a display list to manage my visuals on screen. I want to know which object is clicked. My objects already have z-order variable. With my current knowledge (almost nothing) the only thing which comes to my mind is make a linear search and get all the objects which contains the clicked point. And then select the object with the highest z-order. But I know there are far better approaches. I think it's something with trees (binary search?). - container display objects and search recursively? just don't know where to start looking, for this concrete case. Any hint link or concrete solution is welcome.

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  • Why wont the LibGDX's main class Initialize on Android Launcher?

    - by BluFire
    So I was searching for different ways that could suit me in programming and came across LibGDX. Naturally I looked at the tutorial. As I was doing it, I was following the steps word for word, except naming the classes. In the end, I was able to create the desktop launcher for the game but not the android launcher. The following error is my error: Cannot instantiate the type Game (Game is the name of the class) I got the tutorial from http://steigert.blogspot.com.au/2012/02/1-libgdx-tutorial-introduction.html The link in the tutorial is the original but it uses jogl instead of lwjgl.

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  • How are vertex shader outs sent as inputs to the fragment shader?

    - by Jeffrey
    I'm learning some OpenGL 3.2 way of doing things and I think it's quite great, I'm actually understanding more of shaders and non-fixed pipeline in 1 week rather than those 2 years I tried to learn OpenGL fixed pipeline functions. But here's my question: From what I think I've understood the vertex shader is run for each vertexes in the VBO. But the fragments shader is run per each pixel (is that right?) which is a huge number compared to let's say 3 vertexes of a triangle. Now it seems that in the vertex shader the out variables (like colors and stuff) are passed 1 to 1 to the fragment shader. But let's say that I pass to the fragment shader the position of the vertex in the vertex shader. How is all executed? What vertex (A, B or C of the hipothetical triangle) is passed per each fragment and why?

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  • Rotating a Quad around it center

    - by Trixmix
    How can you rotate a quad around its center? This is what im trying to do but it aint working: GL11.glTranslatef(x-getWidth()/2, y-getHeight()/2, 0); GL11.glRotatef(30, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); GL11.glTranslatef(x+getWidth()/2, y+getHeight()/2, 0); DRAW my main problem is that it renders it off the screen.. draw code: GL11.glBegin(GL11.GL_QUADS); { GL11.glTexCoord2f(0, 0); GL11.glVertex2f(0, 0); GL11.glTexCoord2f(0, getTexture().getHeight()); GL11.glVertex2f(0, height); GL11.glTexCoord2f(getTexture().getWidth(), getTexture().getHeight()); GL11.glVertex2f(width,height); GL11.glTexCoord2f(getTexture().getWidth(), 0); GL11.glVertex2f(width,0); } GL11.glEnd();

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  • How exactly does app ranking work?

    - by qweasdzxc1
    So I've been in the app industry for around half a year and I still don't know how exactly ranking higher for your app will help increase downloads. That sounds like a question with an obvious answer but this is what's going through my mind so hear me out: Unless your app is ranked within the top 100, no one can see it in the featured categories. So even if my app jumped from 400th to 300th place, would there really even be a difference in downloads? And I'm saying 400th to 300th in ranking in my specific category. Indie developers like me don't even come close to ranking for the overall category. So far, the only usefulness of trying to get a higher rank is to get featured or something like that, but big companies have tons of money to throw on marketing...so the chances of any indie developer getting featured is rare. The only thing that I can see ranking being good for is to rank for your keywords so that when someone searches for that word, your app will hopefully appear in the top 10-25 results. Can anyone confirm my thoughts or add anything else that I might have missed out on? How exactly do users find your app if you're not in the top 100 app in your category?

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  • Need efficient way to keep enemy from getting hit multiple times by same source

    - by TenFour04
    My game's a simple 2D one, but this probably applies to many types of scenarios. Suppose my player has a sword, or a gun that shoots a projectile that can pass through and hit multiple enemies. While the sword is swinging, there is a duration where I am checking for the sword making contact with any enemy on every frame. But once an enemy is hit by that sword, I don't want him to continue getting hit over and over as the sword follows through. (I do want the sword to continue checking whether it is hitting other enemies.) I've thought of a couple different approaches (below), but they don't seem like good ones to me. I'm looking for a way that doesn't force cross-referencing (I don't want the enemy to have to send a message back to the sword/projectile). And I'd like to avoid generating/resetting multiple array lists with every attack. Each time the sword swings it generates a unique id (maybe by just incrementing a global static long). Every enemy keeps a list of id's of swipes or projectiles that have already hit them, so the enemy knows not to get hurt by something multiple times. Downside is that every enemy may have a big list to compare to. So projectiles and sword swipes would have to broadcast their end-of-life to all enemies and cause a search and remove on every enemy's array list. Seems kind of slow. Each sword swipe or projectile keeps its own list of enemies that it has already hit so it knows not to apply damage. Downsides: Have to generate a new list (probably pull from a pool and clear one) every time a sword is swung or a projectile shot. Also, this breaks down modularity, because now the sword has to send a message to the enemy, and the enemy has to send a message back to the sword. Seems to me that two-way streets like this are a great way to create very difficult-to-find bugs.

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  • Light on every model and not in the whole scene

    - by alecnash
    I am using a custom shader and try to pass the effect on my Models like that: foreach (ModelMesh mesh in Model.Meshes) { foreach (ModelMeshPart part in mesh.MeshParts) { part.Effect = effect; } mesh.Draw(); } My only issue is that every Model now has its own light source in it. Why is this happening and is this a problem of my shader? Edit: These are the parameters passed to the shader: private void Get_lambertEffect() { if (_lambertEffect == null) _lambertEffect = Engine.LambertEffect; //Lambert technique (LambertWithShadows, LambertWithShadows2x2PCF, LambertWithShadows3x3PCF) _lambertEffect.CurrentTechnique = _lambertEffect.Techniques["LambertWithShadows3x3PCF"]; _lambertEffect.Parameters["texelSize"].SetValue(Engine.ShadowMap.TexelSize); //ShadowMap parameters _lambertEffect.Parameters["lightViewProjection"].SetValue(Engine.ShadowMap.LightViewProjectionMatrix); _lambertEffect.Parameters["textureScaleBias"].SetValue(Engine.ShadowMap.TextureScaleBiasMatrix); _lambertEffect.Parameters["depthBias"].SetValue(Engine.ShadowMap.DepthBias); _lambertEffect.Parameters["shadowMap"].SetValue(Engine.ShadowMap.ShadowMapTexture); //Camera view and projection parameters _lambertEffect.Parameters["view"].SetValue(Engine._camera.ViewMatrix); _lambertEffect.Parameters["projection"].SetValue(Engine._camera.ProjectionMatrix); _lambertEffect.Parameters["world"].SetValue( Matrix.CreateScale(Size) * world ); //Light and color _lambertEffect.Parameters["lightDir"].SetValue(Engine._sourceLight.Direction); _lambertEffect.Parameters["lightColor"].SetValue(Engine._sourceLight.Color); _lambertEffect.Parameters["materialAmbient"].SetValue(Engine.Material.Ambient); _lambertEffect.Parameters["materialDiffuse"].SetValue(Engine.Material.Diffuse); _lambertEffect.Parameters["colorMap"].SetValue(ColorTexture.Create(Engine.GraphicsDevice, Color.Red)); }

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  • Is a warning about IAP in freemium games on iOS required?

    - by user1282931
    When I launch the successful iOS game "Clash of Clans", right in the beginning I get the following message in an iOS info pop-up: "Clash of Clans is free to play, but you can speed up your progress with in-app purchases. If desired, purchases can be disabled in the general settings of your device." What's the reason the developer shows this message right in the beginning? Is there any legal obligation to do so?

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