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  • Fighting Game and input buffering

    - by Pilispring
    In fighting game, there is an important thing called input buffering. When your character is doing an action, you can input the next action that will activate as soon as possible (the buffer is 5-10 frames). Is anyone had already done it or knows the most efficient way to do this? I thought of things like that: Enum list moves (a list of all my moves) if (moves = fireball) { if (Mycharacterisidle) { Do the fireball } else if (MycharacterisMoving) { if (lastspriteisnotfinished) { InputBuffer++; } else if(spriteisfinished && InputBuffer < 5) { Do the fireball } } } Any better ideas? Thx.

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  • Can frequent state changes decrease rendering performance?

    - by Miro
    Can frequent texture and shader binding decrease rendering performance? "Frequent" binding example: for object for material in object render part of object using that material "Low count" binding example: for material for object in material render part of object using that material I'm planning to use an octree later and with this "low count" method of rendering it can drastically increase memory consumption. So is it good idea?

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  • Making an interface for input in C - How?

    - by tloszk
    I have a big question. I started to develop a simple 3D engine (or should I call it framework?). I use OpenGL for rendering and it is developed for Windows. It is all written in C. But I don't know, how to write an "interface" for the keyboard/mouse input. I would like to keep it as simple as possible and nice - what the Win32 "native" input system is not. If anyone has suggestions about the topic, please, tell me. Thanks for everyone, who answers to my question!

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  • Voxel terrain rendering with marching cubes

    - by JavaJosh94
    I was working on making procedurally generated terrain using normal cubish voxels (like minecraft) But then I read about marching cubes and decided to convert to using those. I managed to create a working marching cubes class and cycle through the densities and everything in it seemed to be working so I went on to work on actual terrain generation. I'm using XNA (C#) and a ported libnoise library to generate noise for the terrain generator. But instead of rendering smooth terrain I get a 64x64 chunk (I specified 64 but can change it) of seemingly random marching cubes using different triangles. This is the code I'm using to generate a "chunk": public MarchingCube[, ,] getTerrainChunk(int size, float dMultiplyer, int stepsize) { MarchingCube[, ,] temp = new MarchingCube[size / stepsize, size / stepsize, size / stepsize]; for (int x = 0; x < size; x += stepsize) { for (int y = 0; y <size; y += stepsize) { for (int z = 0; z < size; z += stepsize) { float[] densities = {(float)terrain.GetValue(x, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y+stepsize, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize, y, z)*dMultiplyer, (float)terrain.GetValue(x,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer,(float)terrain.GetValue(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)*dMultiplyer }; Vector3[] corners = { new Vector3(x,y,z), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z),new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z), new Vector3(x,y,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y+stepsize,z+stepsize), new Vector3(x+stepsize,y,z+stepsize)}; if (x == 0 && y == 0 && z == 0) { temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners, device); } temp[x / stepsize, y / stepsize, z / stepsize] = new MarchingCube(densities, corners); } } } (terrain is a Perlin Noise generated using libnoise) I'm sure there's probably an easy solution to this but I've been drawing a blank for the past hour. I'm just wondering if the problem is how I'm reading in the data from the noise or if I may be generating the noise wrong? Or maybe the noise is just not good for this kind of generation? If I'm reading it wrong does anyone know the right way? the answers on google were somewhat ambiguous but I'm going to keep searching. Thanks in advance!

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  • Where can i get the openal sdk for c++?

    - by Peter Short
    The OpenAL site I'm looking at is a crappy outdated and broken sharepoint portal and the SDK in the downloads section give me a 500 html code when i request it. http://connect.creativelabs.com/openal/Downloads/OpenAL11CoreSDK.zip I found an OpenAL SDK on a softpedia and it has headers but not alu.h or alut.h which the tutorials I'm looking at apparently require for loading wavs etc. What am I missing? Is OpenAL dead or something?

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  • Events and objects being skipped in GameMaker

    - by skeletalmonkey
    Update: Turns out it's not an issue with this code (or at least not entirely). Somehow the objects I use for keylogging and player automation (basic ai that plays the game) are being 'skipped' or not loaded about half the time. These are invisible objects in a room that have basic effects such are simulating button presses, or logging them. I don't know how to better explain this problem without putting up all my code, so unless someone has heard of this issue I guess I'll be banging my head against the desk for a bit /Update I've been continuing work on modifying Spelunky, but I've run into a pretty major issue with GameMaker, which I hope is me just doing something wrong. I have the code below, which is supposed to write log files named sequentially. It's placed in a End Room event such that when a player finishes a level, it'll write all their keypress's to file. The problem is that it randomly skips files, and when it reaches about 30 logs it stops creating any new files. var file_name; file_count = 4; file_name = file_find_first("logs/*.txt", 0); while (file_name != "") { file_count += 1; file_name = file_find_next(); } file_find_close(); file = file_text_open_write("logs/log" + string(file_count) + ".txt"); for(i = 0; i < ds_list_size(keyCodes); i += 1) { file_text_write_string(file, string(ds_list_find_value(keyCodes, i))); file_text_write_string(file, " "); file_text_write_string(file, string(ds_list_find_value(keyTimes, i))); file_text_writeln(file); } file_text_close(file); My best guess is that the first counting loop is taking too long and the whole thing is getting dropped? Also, if anyone can tell me of a better way to have sequentially numbered log files that would also be great. Log files have to continue counting over multiple start/stops of the game.

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  • problem with loading in .FBX meshes in DirectX 10

    - by N0xus
    I'm trying to load in meshes into DirectX 10. I've created a bunch of classes that handle it and allow me to call in a mesh with only a single line of code in my main game class. How ever, when I run the program this is what renders: In the debug output window the following errors keep appearing: D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that Semantic 'TEXCOORD' is defined for mismatched hardware registers between the output stage and input stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #343: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_REGISTERINDEX ] D3D10: ERROR: ID3D10Device::DrawIndexed: Input Assembler - Vertex Shader linkage error: Signatures between stages are incompatible. The reason is that the input stage requires Semantic/Index (POSITION,0) as input, but it is not provided by the output stage. [ EXECUTION ERROR #342: DEVICE_SHADER_LINKAGE_SEMANTICNAME_NOT_FOUND ] The thing is, I've no idea how to fix this. The code I'm using does work and I've simply brought all of that code into a new project of mine. There are no build errors and this only appears when the game is running The .fx file is as follows: float4x4 matWorld; float4x4 matView; float4x4 matProjection; struct VS_INPUT { float4 Pos:POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; struct PS_INPUT { float4 Pos:SV_POSITION; float2 TexCoord:TEXCOORD; }; Texture2D diffuseTexture; SamplerState diffuseSampler { Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_POINT; AddressU = WRAP; AddressV = WRAP; }; // // Vertex Shader // PS_INPUT VS( VS_INPUT input ) { PS_INPUT output=(PS_INPUT)0; float4x4 viewProjection=mul(matView,matProjection); float4x4 worldViewProjection=mul(matWorld,viewProjection); output.Pos=mul(input.Pos,worldViewProjection); output.TexCoord=input.TexCoord; return output; } // // Pixel Shader // float4 PS(PS_INPUT input ) : SV_Target { return diffuseTexture.Sample(diffuseSampler,input.TexCoord); //return float4(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); } RasterizerState NoCulling { FILLMODE=SOLID; CULLMODE=NONE; }; technique10 Render { pass P0 { SetVertexShader( CompileShader( vs_4_0, VS() ) ); SetGeometryShader( NULL ); SetPixelShader( CompileShader( ps_4_0, PS() ) ); SetRasterizerState(NoCulling); } } In my game, the .fx file and model are called and set as follows: Loading in shader file //Set the shader flags - BMD DWORD dwShaderFlags = D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS; #if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG ) dwShaderFlags |= D3D10_SHADER_DEBUG; #endif ID3D10Blob * pErrorBuffer=NULL; if( FAILED( D3DX10CreateEffectFromFile( TEXT("TransformedTexture.fx" ), NULL, NULL, "fx_4_0", dwShaderFlags, 0, md3dDevice, NULL, NULL, &m_pEffect, &pErrorBuffer, NULL ) ) ) { char * pErrorStr = ( char* )pErrorBuffer->GetBufferPointer(); //If the creation of the Effect fails then a message box will be shown MessageBoxA( NULL, pErrorStr, "Error", MB_OK ); return false; } //Get the technique called Render from the effect, we need this for rendering later on m_pTechnique=m_pEffect->GetTechniqueByName("Render"); //Number of elements in the layout UINT numElements = TexturedLitVertex::layoutSize; //Get the Pass description, we need this to bind the vertex to the pipeline D3D10_PASS_DESC PassDesc; m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( 0 )->GetDesc( &PassDesc ); //Create Input layout to describe the incoming buffer to the input assembler if (FAILED(md3dDevice->CreateInputLayout( TexturedLitVertex::layout, numElements,PassDesc.pIAInputSignature, PassDesc.IAInputSignatureSize, &m_pVertexLayout ) ) ) { return false; } model loading: m_pTestRenderable=new CRenderable(); //m_pTestRenderable->create<TexturedVertex>(md3dDevice,8,6,vertices,indices); m_pModelLoader = new CModelLoader(); m_pTestRenderable = m_pModelLoader->loadModelFromFile( md3dDevice,"armoredrecon.fbx" ); m_pGameObjectTest = new CGameObject(); m_pGameObjectTest->setRenderable( m_pTestRenderable ); // Set primitive topology, how are we going to interpet the vertices in the vertex buffer md3dDevice->IASetPrimitiveTopology( D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST ); if ( FAILED( D3DX10CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile( md3dDevice, TEXT( "armoredrecon_diff.png" ), NULL, NULL, &m_pTextureShaderResource, NULL ) ) ) { MessageBox( NULL, TEXT( "Can't load Texture" ), TEXT( "Error" ), MB_OK ); return false; } m_pDiffuseTextureVariable = m_pEffect->GetVariableByName( "diffuseTexture" )->AsShaderResource(); m_pDiffuseTextureVariable->SetResource( m_pTextureShaderResource ); Finally, the draw function code: //All drawing will occur between the clear and present m_pViewMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_matView ); m_pWorldMatrixVariable->SetMatrix( ( float* )m_pGameObjectTest->getWorld() ); //Get the stride(size) of the a vertex, we need this to tell the pipeline the size of one vertex UINT stride = m_pTestRenderable->getStride(); //The offset from start of the buffer to where our vertices are located UINT offset = m_pTestRenderable->getOffset(); ID3D10Buffer * pVB=m_pTestRenderable->getVB(); //Bind the vertex buffer to input assembler stage - md3dDevice->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &pVB, &stride, &offset ); md3dDevice->IASetIndexBuffer( m_pTestRenderable->getIB(), DXGI_FORMAT_R32_UINT, 0 ); //Get the Description of the technique, we need this in order to loop through each pass in the technique D3D10_TECHNIQUE_DESC techDesc; m_pTechnique->GetDesc( &techDesc ); //Loop through the passes in the technique for( UINT p = 0; p < techDesc.Passes; ++p ) { //Get a pass at current index and apply it m_pTechnique->GetPassByIndex( p )->Apply( 0 ); //Draw call md3dDevice->DrawIndexed(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfIndices(),0,0); //m_pD3D10Device->Draw(m_pTestRenderable->getNumOfVerts(),0); } Is there anything I've clearly done wrong or are missing? Spent 2 weeks trying to workout what on earth I've done wrong to no avail. Any insight a fresh pair eyes could give on this would be great.

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  • 2D Tile Map files for Platformer, JSON or DB?

    - by Stephen Tierney
    I'm developing a 2D platformer with some uni friends. We've based it upon the XNA Platformer Starter Kit which uses .txt files to store the tile map. While this is simple it does not give us enough control and flexibility with level design. Some examples: for multiple layers of content multiple files are required, each object is fixed onto the grid, doesn't allow for rotation of objects, limited number of characters etc. So I'm doing some research into how to store the level data and map file. Reasoning for DB: From my perspective I see less redundancy of data using a database to store the tile data. Tiles in the same x,y position with the same characteristics can be reused from level to level. It seems like it would simple enough to write a method to retrieve all the tiles that are used in a particular level from the database. Reasoning for JSON: Visually editable files, changes can be tracked via SVN a lot easier. But there is repeated content. Do either have any drawbacks (load times, access times, memory etc) compared to the other? And what is commonly used in the industry? Currently the file looks like this: .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .........GGG........ .........###........ .................... ....GGG.......GGG... ....###.......###... .................... .1................X. #################### 1 - Player start point, X - Level Exit, . - Empty space, # - Platform, G - Gem

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  • Collide with rotation of the object

    - by Lahiru
    I'm developing a mirror for lazer beam(Ball sprite). There I'm trying to redirect the laze beam according to the ration degree of the mirror(Rectangle). How can I collide the ball to the correct angle if the colliding object is with some angle(45 deg) rather than colliding back. here is an screen shot of my work here is my code using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; namespace collision { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game /// </summary> public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Texture2D ballTexture; Rectangle ballBounds; Vector2 ballPosition; Vector2 ballVelocity; float ballSpeed = 30f; Texture2D blockTexture; Rectangle blockBounds; Vector2 blockPosition; private Vector2 origin; KeyboardState keyboardState; //Font SpriteFont Font1; Vector2 FontPos; private String displayText; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { // TODO: Add your initialization logic here ballPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height * 0.25f); blockPosition = new Vector2(this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2, this.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height /2); ballVelocity = new Vector2(0, 1); base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); ballTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("ball"); blockTexture = Content.Load<Texture2D>("mirror"); //create rectangles based off the size of the textures ballBounds = new Rectangle((int)(ballPosition.X - ballTexture.Width / 2), (int)(ballPosition.Y - ballTexture.Height / 2), ballTexture.Width, ballTexture.Height); blockBounds = new Rectangle((int)(blockPosition.X - blockTexture.Width / 2), (int)(blockPosition.Y - blockTexture.Height / 2), blockTexture.Width, blockTexture.Height); origin.X = blockTexture.Width / 2; origin.Y = blockTexture.Height / 2; // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here Font1 = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("SpriteFont1"); FontPos = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - 100, 20); } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// all content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> /// private float RotationAngle; float circle = MathHelper.Pi * 2; float angle; protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here //check for collision between the ball and the block, or if the ball is outside the bounds of the screen if (ballBounds.Intersects(blockBounds) || !GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds.Contains(ballBounds)) { //we have a simple collision! //if it has hit, swap the direction of the ball, and update it's position ballVelocity = -ballVelocity; ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } else { //move the ball a bit ballPosition += ballVelocity * ballSpeed; } //update bounding boxes ballBounds.X = (int)ballPosition.X; ballBounds.Y = (int)ballPosition.Y; blockBounds.X = (int)blockPosition.X; blockBounds.Y = (int)blockPosition.Y; keyboardState = Keyboard.GetState(); float val = 1.568017f/90; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Space)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle + (float)Math.PI; if (keyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) RotationAngle = RotationAngle - val; angle = (float)Math.PI / 4.0f; // 90 degrees RotationAngle = angle; // RotationAngle = RotationAngle % circle; displayText = RotationAngle.ToString(); base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here spriteBatch.Begin(); // Find the center of the string Vector2 FontOrigin = Font1.MeasureString(displayText) / 2; spriteBatch.DrawString(Font1, displayText, FontPos, Color.White, 0, FontOrigin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0.5f); spriteBatch.Draw(ballTexture, ballPosition, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(blockTexture, blockPosition,null, Color.White, RotationAngle,origin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0f); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } }

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  • How to control in the vertex shader where pixel ends up in the renderTarget?

    - by cubrman
    What if I have an arbitrary renderTarget, that is smaller than the screen (say it is 1x1 pixel) and I want to make sure in the VertexShaderFunction that all my pixels end up exactly in that 1 pixel region? No matter what I do, they all seem to get culled at some point, though GraphicDevise.Clear() works OK. Where is the top left corner of the renderTarget Vertex-shader-vise? I tried output.Position = (0,0,0,0)/(0,0,0,1)/(1,1,1,1)/(-0.5,0.5,0,1) NOTHING works! Fullscreen quad is not an option 'cause I actually need to process geometry in the shaders to get the results I need.

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  • When to detect collisions in game loop

    - by Ciaran
    My game loop uses a fixed time step to do "physics" updates, say every 20 ms. In here I move objects. I draw frames as frequently as possible. I work out a value between 0 and 1 to represent the proportion of the physics tick that is complete and interpolate between the previous and current physics state before drawing. It results in a smoother game assuming the frame rate is higher than the physics update rate. I am currently doing the collision detection in the physics update routine. I was wondering should it instead take place in the interpolated draw routine where the positions match what the user sees? Collisions can result in explosions by the way.

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  • Thread-safety in Cocos2d-iPhone?

    - by Malax
    After tinkering a bit with cocos2d, I discovered that there is no classic game loop and everything is more-or-less event driven. I guess I can wrap my head around that, no problem. But I cannot find anything about thread safety. Say, I schedule something to occur every two seconds, which Thread will run the code? Given that I cannot find anything about that, I guess there is just one Cocos2d Thread and everything will be fine. Nevertheless, this implicit assumption does not give me a good feeling. Knowing is better than guessing. ;-) Can anyone shed some light onto that topic?

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  • Procedural landscape generation but not just fractals

    - by Richard Fabian
    In large procedural landscape games, the land seems dull, but that's probably because the real world is largely dull, with only limited places where the scenery is dramatic or tactical. Looking at world generation from this point of view, a landscape generator for a game needs to not follow the rules of landscaping, but instead some rules married to the expectations of the gamer. For example, there could be a choke point / route generator that creates hills ravines, rivers and mountains between cities, rather than cities plotted on the land based on the resources or conditions generated by the mountains and rainfall patterns. Is there any existing work being done like this? Start with cities or population centres and then add in terrain afterwards?

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  • I need help with 3d shading/lighting.

    - by Xavier
    How do you guys handle shading in a 3d game? I have a directional light source that shades one side of a tree made of cubes. The remaining 3 sides all get ambient shading only. So the 3d effect is lost when looking at two ambient shaded sides. Am I missing something? Should I be shading the side furthest from the light source even darker? I tried looking at Fallout 3 and it kinda looks like this is what they do however Minecraft appears to shade a grass mound with two opposite sides light and the remaining two opposite sides dark kinda giving the effect that there are two directional lights for the two light shaded sides and ambient light for the dark shaded sides.

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  • Voxel Engine in Multiplayer?

    - by Oliver Schöning
    This is a question more out of Interest for now, because I am not even near to the point that I could create this project at the moment. I really like the progress on the Atomontage Engine. A Voxel engine that is WIP at the moment. I would like to create a Voxel SERVER eventually. First in JavaScript (That's what I am learning right now) later perhaps in C++ for speed. Remember, I am perfectly aware that this is very hard! This is a brainstorm for the next 10 years as for now. What I would like to achieve one day is a Multiplayer Game in the Browser where the voxels positions are updated by XYZ input from the server. The Browser Does only 3 things: sending player input to the server, updating Voxel positions send from the server and rendering the world. I imagine using something like the Three.js libary on the client side. So that would be my programming dream right there... Now to something simpler for the near future. Right now I am learning javascript. And I am making games with Construct2. (A really cool JavaScript "game maker") The plan is to create a 2D Voxel enviorment (Block Voxels) on the Socket.IO Server* and send the position of the Voxels and Players to the Client side which then positions the Voxel Blocks to the Server Output coordinates. I think that is a bit more manageable then the other bigger idea. And also there should be no worries about speed with this type of project in JavaScript (I hope). Extra Info: *I am using nodejs (Without really knowing what it does besides making Socket.IO work) So now some questions: Is the "dream project" doable in JavaScript? Or is C++ just the best option because it does not take as long to be interpreted at run time like JavaScript? What are the limitations? I can think of some: Need of a Powerful server depending on how much information the server has to process. Internet Speed; Sending the data of the Voxel positions to every player could add up being very high! The browser FPS might go down quickly if rendering to many objects. One way of fixing reducing the packages Could be to let the browser calculate some of the Voxel positions from Several Values. But that would slow down the Client side too. What about the more achievable project? I am almost 100% convinced that this is possible in JavaScript, and that there are several ways of doing this. This is just XY position Updating for now.. Hope this did make some sense. Please comment if you got something to say :D

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  • First time shadow mapping problems

    - by user1294203
    I have implemented basic shadow mapping for the first time in OpenGL using shaders and I'm facing some problems. Below you can see an example of my rendered scene: The process of the shadow mapping I'm following is that I render the scene to the framebuffer using a View Matrix from the light point of view and the projection and model matrices used for normal rendering. In the second pass, I send the above MVP matrix from the light point of view to the vertex shader which transforms the position to light space. The fragment shader does the perspective divide and changes the position to texture coordinates. Here is my vertex shader, #version 150 core uniform mat4 ModelViewMatrix; uniform mat3 NormalMatrix; uniform mat4 MVPMatrix; uniform mat4 lightMVP; uniform float scale; in vec3 in_Position; in vec3 in_Normal; in vec2 in_TexCoord; smooth out vec3 pass_Normal; smooth out vec3 pass_Position; smooth out vec2 TexCoord; smooth out vec4 lightspace_Position; void main(void){ pass_Normal = NormalMatrix * in_Normal; pass_Position = (ModelViewMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0)).xyz; lightspace_Position = lightMVP * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); TexCoord = in_TexCoord; gl_Position = MVPMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); } And my fragment shader, #version 150 core struct Light{ vec3 direction; }; uniform Light light; uniform sampler2D inSampler; uniform sampler2D inShadowMap; smooth in vec3 pass_Normal; smooth in vec3 pass_Position; smooth in vec2 TexCoord; smooth in vec4 lightspace_Position; out vec4 out_Color; float CalcShadowFactor(vec4 lightspace_Position){ vec3 ProjectionCoords = lightspace_Position.xyz / lightspace_Position.w; vec2 UVCoords; UVCoords.x = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.x + 0.5; UVCoords.y = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.y + 0.5; float Depth = texture(inShadowMap, UVCoords).x; if(Depth < (ProjectionCoords.z + 0.001)) return 0.5; else return 1.0; } void main(void){ vec3 Normal = normalize(pass_Normal); vec3 light_Direction = -normalize(light.direction); vec3 camera_Direction = normalize(-pass_Position); vec3 half_vector = normalize(camera_Direction + light_Direction); float diffuse = max(0.2, dot(Normal, light_Direction)); vec3 temp_Color = diffuse * vec3(1.0); float specular = max( 0.0, dot( Normal, half_vector) ); float shadowFactor = CalcShadowFactor(lightspace_Position); if(diffuse != 0 && shadowFactor > 0.5){ float fspecular = pow(specular, 128.0); temp_Color += fspecular; } out_Color = vec4(shadowFactor * texture(inSampler, TexCoord).xyz * temp_Color, 1.0); } One of the problems is self shadowing as you can see in the picture, the crate has its own shadow cast on itself. What I have tried is enabling polygon offset (i.e. glEnable(POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL), glPolygonOffset(GLfloat, GLfloat) ) but it didn't change much. As you see in the fragment shader, I have put a static offset value of 0.001 but I have to change the value depending on the distance of the light to get more desirable effects , which not very handy. I also tried using front face culling when I render to the framebuffer, that didn't change much too. The other problem is that pixels outside the Light's view frustum get shaded. The only object that is supposed to be able to cast shadows is the crate. I guess I should pick more appropriate projection and view matrices, but I'm not sure how to do that. What are some common practices, should I pick an orthographic projection? From googling around a bit, I understand that these issues are not that trivial. Does anyone have any easy to implement solutions to these problems. Could you give me some additional tips? Please ask me if you need more information on my code. Here is a comparison with and without shadow mapping of a close-up of the crate. The self-shadowing is more visible.

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  • Vehicle: Boat accelerating and turning in Unity

    - by Emilios S.
    I'm trying to make a player-controllable boat in Unity and I'm running into problems with my code. 1) I want to make the boat to accelerate and decelerate steadily instead of simply moving the speed I'm telling it to right away. 2) I want to make the player unable to steer the boat unless it is moving. 3) If possible, I want to simulate the vertical floating of a boat during its movement (it going up and down) My current code (C#) is this: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class VehicleScript : MonoBehaviour { public float speed=10; public float rotationspeed=50; // Use this for initialization // Update is called once per frame void Update () { // Forward movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.I)) speed = transform.Translate (Vector3.left*speed*Time.deltaTime); // Backward movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.K)) transform.Translate (Vector3.right*speed*Time.deltaTime); // Left movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.J)) transform.Rotate (Vector3.down*rotationspeed*Time.deltaTime); // Right movement if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.L)) transform.Rotate (Vector3.up*rotationspeed*Time.deltaTime); } } In the current state of my code, when I press the specified keys, the boat simply moves 10 units/sec instantly, and also stops instantly. I'm not really sure how to make the things stated above, so any help would be appreciated. Just to clarify, I don't necessarily need the full code to implement those features, I just want to know what functions to use in order to achieve the desired effects. Thank you very much.

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  • What prefer a game developer company? UDK experience or c++ game projects?

    - by momboco
    What prefer a game developer company? A developer with experience in UDK engine ? or, a developer with projects made entirely in c++ with a graphics engine like Ogre3D? I think that a coder can demonstrate better his abilities with games made in c++, because it requires a knowledge deeper in many fields. However, currently there is a lot of companies that develop his games with UDK. Now I don't know if is better specialize in a game engine like UDK.

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  • Swept AABB vs Line Segment 2D

    - by Larolaro
    I've really exhausted as much as Google has to give, I've spent a solid week googling every combination of words for an "AABBvsLine sweep", downloaded countless collision demos, dissected SAT intersection examples and an AABBvsAABB sweep trying to figure out how to approach this. I've not found a single thing covering this specific pairing. Can anyone shed any light on how to get the hit time of a swept AABB vs a Line segment in 2D? I'm still getting familiar with the SAT but I do know how to implement it to a degree, I'm just not sure how to extract the hit time from the velocity in the non axis aligned separating axes for the sweep. I really would appreciate anything at the moment, some code or even some helpful links, I'm at my wits end!

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  • Factors to consider when building an algorithm for gun recoil

    - by Nate Bross
    What would be a good algorithm for calculating the recoil of a shooting guns cross-hairs? What I've got now, is something like this: Define min/max recoil based on weapon size Generate random number of "delta" movement Apply random value to X, Y, or both of cross-hairs (only "up" on the Y axis) Multiply new delta based on time from the previous shot (more recoil for full-auto) What I'm worried about is that this feels rather predicable, what other factors should one take into account when building recoil? While I'd like it to be somewhat predictable, I'd also like to keep players on their toes. I'm thinking about increasing the min/max recoil values by a large amount (relatively) and adding a weighting, so large recoils will be more rare -- it seems like a lot of effort to go into something I felt would be simple. Maybe this is just something that needs to be fine-tuned with additional playtesting, and more playtesters? I think that it's important to note, that the recoil will be a large part of the game, and is a key factor in the game being fun/challenging or not.

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  • XNA 4.0 - Normal mapping shader - strange texture artifacts

    - by Taylor
    I recently started using custom shader. Shader can do diffuse and specular lighting and normal mapping. But normal mapping is causing really ugly artifacts (some sort of pixeling noise) for textures in greater distance. It looks like this: Image link This is HLSL code: // Matrix float4x4 World : World; float4x4 View : View; float4x4 Projection : Projection; //Textury texture2D ColorMap; sampler2D ColorMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <ColorMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; texture2D NormalMap; sampler2D NormalMapSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <NormalMap>; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Linear; MipFilter = Linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; // Light float4 AmbientColor : Color; float AmbientIntensity; float3 DiffuseDirection : LightPosition; float4 DiffuseColor : Color; float DiffuseIntensity; float4 SpecularColor : Color; float3 CameraPosition : CameraPosition; float Shininess; // The input for the VertexShader struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; float3 Binormal : BINORMAL0; float3 Tangent : TANGENT0; }; // The output from the vertex shader, used for later processing struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; float3 View : TEXCOORD1; float3x3 WorldToTangentSpace : TEXCOORD2; }; // The VertexShader. VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input, float3 Normal : NORMAL) { VertexShaderOutput output; float4 worldPosition = mul(input.Position, World); float4 viewPosition = mul(worldPosition, View); output.Position = mul(viewPosition, Projection); output.TexCoord = input.TexCoord; output.WorldToTangentSpace[0] = mul(normalize(input.Tangent), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[1] = mul(normalize(input.Binormal), World); output.WorldToTangentSpace[2] = mul(normalize(input.Normal), World); output.View = normalize(float4(CameraPosition,1.0) - worldPosition); return output; } // The Pixel Shader float4 PixelShaderFunction(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { float4 color = tex2D(ColorMapSampler, input.TexCoord); float3 normalMap = 2.0 *(tex2D(NormalMapSampler, input.TexCoord)) - 1.0; normalMap = normalize(mul(normalMap, input.WorldToTangentSpace)); float4 normal = float4(normalMap,1.0); float4 diffuse = saturate(dot(-DiffuseDirection,normal)); float4 reflect = normalize(2*diffuse*normal-float4(DiffuseDirection,1.0)); float4 specular = pow(saturate(dot(reflect,input.View)), Shininess); return color * AmbientColor * AmbientIntensity + color * DiffuseIntensity * DiffuseColor * diffuse + color * SpecularColor * specular; } // Techniques technique Lighting { pass Pass1 { VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PixelShaderFunction(); } } Any advice? Thanks!

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  • How can I improve this collision detection logic?

    - by Dan
    I’m trying to make an android game and I’m having a bit of trouble getting the collision detection to work. It works sometimes but my conditions aren’t specific enough and my program gets it wrong. How could I improve the following if conditions? public boolean checkColisionWithPlayer( Player player ) { // Top Left // Top Right // Bottom Right // Bottom Left // int[][] PP = { { player.x, player.y }, { player.x + player.width, player.y }, {player.x + player.height, player.y + player.width }, { player.x, player.y + player.height } }; // TOP LEFT - PLAYER // if( ( PP[0][0] > x && PP[0][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[0][1] > y && PP[0][1] < y + height ) && ( (x - player.x) < 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Right if( PP[0][0] > ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[0][1] - y < ( x + width ) - PP[0][0] ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Left - Right Side"); player.x = ( x + width ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Bottom else if( PP[0][1] > ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Left - Bottom Side"); player.y = ( y + height ) + 1; if( player.Vv > 0 ) player.Vv = 0; } return true; } // TOP RIGHT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[1][0] > x && PP[1][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[1][1] > y && PP[1][1] < y + height ) && ( (x - player.x) > 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Left if( PP[1][0] < ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[1][0] - x < PP[1][1] - y ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Right - Left Side"); player.x = ( x ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Bottom else if( PP[1][1] > ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Right - Bottom Side"); player.y = ( y + height ) + 1; if( player.Vv > 0 ) player.Vv = 0; } return true; } // BOTTOM RIGHT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[2][0] > x && PP[2][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[2][1] > y && PP[2][1] < y + height ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Left if( PP[2][0] < ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[2][0] - x < PP[2][1] - y ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Right - Left Side"); player.x = ( x ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Top else if( PP[2][1] < ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Right - Top Side"); player.y = y - player.height; player.Vv = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr); //player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); int rs = x - player.x; Log.i("RS", String.format("%d", rs)); if( rs > 0 ) { player.direction = -1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = -0.5 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } if( rs < 0 ) { player.direction = 1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = 0.5 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } player.rotateSpeed = 1 * rs; } return true; } // BOTTOM LEFT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[3][0] > x && PP[3][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[3][1] > y && PP[3][1] < y + height ) )//&& ( (x - player.x) > 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Right if( PP[3][0] > ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[3][1] - y < ( x + width ) - PP[3][0] ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Left - Right Side"); player.x = ( x + width ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Top else if( PP[3][1] < ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Left - Top Side"); player.y = y - player.height; player.Vv = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr); //player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); int rs = x - player.x; //Log.i("RS", String.format("%d", rs)); //player.direction = -1; //player.isSpinning = true; if( rs > 0 ) { player.direction = -1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } if( rs < 0 ) { player.direction = 1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = 1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } player.rotateSpeed = 1 * rs; } //try { Thread.sleep(1000, 0); } //catch (InterruptedException e) {} return true; } else { player.isColided = false; player.isSpinning = true; } return false; }

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  • Will I have an easier time learning OpenGL in Pygame or Pyglet? (NeHe tutorials downloaded)

    - by shadowprotocol
    I'm looking between PyGame and Pyglet, Pyglet seems to be somewhat newer and more Pythony, but it's last release according to Wikipedia is January '10. PyGame seems to have more documentation, more recent updates, and more published books/tutorials on the web for learning. I downloaded both the Pyglet and PyGame versions of the NeHe OpenGL tutorials (Lessons 1-10) which cover this material: lesson01 - Setting up the window lesson02 - Polygons lesson03 - Adding color lesson04 - Rotation lesson05 - 3D lesson06 - Textures lesson07 - Filters, Lighting, input lesson08 - Blending (transparency) lesson09 - 2D Sprites in 3D lesson10 - Moving in a 3D world What do you guys think? Is my hunch that I'll be better off working with PyGame somewhat warranted?

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  • Game-oriented programming language features/objectives/paradigm?

    - by Klaim
    What are the features and language objectives (general problems to solves) or paradigms that a fictive programming language targetted at games (any kind of game) would require? For example, obviously we would have at least Performance (in speed and memory) (because a lot of games simply require that), but it have a price in the languages we currently use. Expressivity might be a common feature that is required for all languages. I guess some concepts from not-usually-used-for-games paradigms, like actor-based languages, or language-based message passing, might be useful too. So I ask you what would be ideal for games. (maybe one day someone will take those answers and build a language over it? :D ) Please set 1 feature/objective/paradigm per answer. Note: maybe that question don't make sense to you. In this case please explain why in an answer. It's a good thing to have answers to this question that might pop in your head sometimes.

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  • Is HTML5/WebGL performance bad on low-end Android tablets and phones?

    - by Boris van Schooten
    I've developed a couple of WebGL games, and am trying them out on Android. I found that they run very slowly on my tablet, however. For example, a game with 10 sprites or so runs as 5fps. I tried Chrome and CocoonJS, but they are comparably slow. I also tried other games, and even games with only 5 or so moving sprites are this slow. This seems inconsistent with reports from others, such as this benchmark. Typically, when people talk about HTML5 game performance, they mention well-known and higher-end phones and tables. While my 7" tablet is cheap (I believe it's a relabeled Allwinner tablet, apparently with the Mali 400 GPU), I found it generally has a good gaming performance. All the games I tried run smoothly. I also developed an OpenGL ES 2 demo with 200 shaded 3D objects, and it ran at 50fps. My suspicion is that many low-end and white-label devices may have unacceptable HTML5/WebGL support, which means there may be a large section of gamers you will not reach when you choose this as your platform. I've heard rumors about inconsistent performance of HTML5 and WebGL on different devices, but no clear picture emerges. I would like to hear if any of you have had similar experiences with HTML5 or WebGL, or whether I can find information about the percentage of devices I can expect to have decent performance.

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