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  • Visitor-pattern vs inheritance for rendering

    - by akaltar
    I have a game engine that currently uses inheritance to provide a generic interface to do rendering: class renderable { public: void render(); }; Each class calls the gl_* functions itself, this makes the code hard to optimize and hard to implement something like setting the quality of rendering: class sphere : public renderable { public: void render() { glDrawElements(...); } }; I was thinking about implementing a system where I would create a Renderer class that would render my objects: class sphere { void render( renderer* r ) { r->renderme( *this ); } }; class renderer { renderme( sphere& sphere ) { // magically get render resources here // magically render a sphere here } }; My main problem is where should I store the VBOs and where should I Create them when using this method? Should I even use this approach or stick to the current one, perhaps something else? PS: I already asked this question on SO but got no proper answers.

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  • Game Asset Management

    - by user964123
    I am making my first small mobile game in C# XNA. Lets say I have 3 screens, the main menu, options and game screen. A single game session usually lasts for 1 min, so the user will alternate frequently between the main menu and game screen. Therefore, once I load the textures for either screen, I want to keep them in memory to avoid frequent reloading. Both screens share some assets like their background textures, but differ in others. The first solution I came up with is making 2 texture factory classes, MainScreenAssetFactory and GameScreenAssetFactory, each with their own content manager, and ill store them in a globally accessible point so that they persist after either screen is destroyed. There is also a OptionsScreenAssetFactory, but that I dont want to cache it since the options screen is rarely visited. A typical Factory would look something like this public class MainScreenAssetFactory { private readonly ContentManager contentManager; public MainScreenAssetFactory(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, string rootDirectory) { contentManager = new ContentManager(serviceProvider) { RootDirectory = rootDirectory }; } public Texture2D ListElementBackground { get { return return contentManager.Load<Texture2D>("UserTab"); } } public Texture2D ListElementBulletPoint { get { return return contentManager.Load<Texture2D>("TabIcon"); } } public Texture2D LoggedOutUser { get { return return contentManager.Load<Texture2D>("LoggedOutUser"); } } } Since both Main, Options and Game Screen share some common resources, instead of loading them more than once, I created another class CommonAssetTexFactory which holds the common stuff and stays in-memory during the app lifetime. For example, this class gets passed to the options screen when it is created. However, given my small game with its few assets, I am already finding this solution cumbersome and inflexible. Changing anything would require looking to see if its already in the common factory, and if not, modifying existing factories and so on. And this is just considering textures currently, i didnt add sound files yet. I cant imagine bigger games with thousands of resources using this approach. A better idea must exist. Would someone please enlighten me?

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  • Blender 2.6: How to Merge the Pros of Meshes and Surfaces

    - by fridojet
    there are two interesting kinds of objects: Meshes and Surfaces. Each of them offers very cool features. Object Type Specific Features Nice Features of Surfaces: (for example) They're as scalable as vector graphics (really nice!) You can build winding things real simply. Nice Features of Meshes: (for example) You can build organic things really good using the Sculpt Mode and a graphic tablet. You can use some special things like Physics. My Question There are things for which Surfaces are better and things for which Meshes are better. But how can I use both the best features of Surfaces and the best features of Meshes on one object at once? For example: How can I use Physics (like on Meshes) on lossless scalable objects (like Surfaces)? Thanks.

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  • Deep Cloning C++ class that inherits CCNode in Cocos2dx

    - by A Devanney
    I stuck with something in Cocos2dx ... I'm trying to deep clone one of my classes that inherits CCNode. Basically i have.... GameItem* pTemp = new GameItem(*_actualItem); // loops through all the blocks in gameitem and updates their position pTemp->moveDown(); // if in boundary or collision etc... if (_gameBoard->isValidMove(pTemp)) { _actualItem = pTemp; // display the position CCLog("pos (1) --- (X : %d,Y : %d)", _actualItem->getGridX(),_actualItem->getGridY()); } Then doesn't work, because the gameitem inherits CCNode and has the collection of another class that also inherits CCNode. its just creating a shallow copy and when you look at children of the gameitem node in the copy, just point to the original? class GameItem : public CCNode { // maps to the actual grid position of the shape CCPoint* _rawPosition; // tracks the current grid position int _gridX, _gridY; // tracks the change if the item has moved CCPoint _offset; public: //constructors GameItem& operator=(const GameItem& item); GameItem(Shape shape); ... } then in the implementation.... GameItem& GameItem::operator=(const GameItem& item) { _gridX = item.getGridX(); _gridY = item.getGridY(); _offset = item.getOffSet(); _rawPosition = item.getRawPosition(); // how do i copy the node? return *this; } // shape contains an array of position for the game character GameItem::GameItem(Shape shape) { _rawPosition = shape.getShapePositions(); //loop through all blocks in position for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) { // get the position of the first block in the shape and add to the position of the first block int x = (int) (getRawPosition()[i].x + getGridX()); int y = (int) (getRawPosition()[i].y + getGridY()); //instantiate a block with the position and type Block* block = Block::blockWithFile(x,y,(i+1), shape); // add the block to the this node this->addChild(block); } } And for clarity here is the block class class Block : public CCNode{ private: // using composition over inheritance CCSprite* _sprite; // tracks the current grid position int _gridX, _gridY; // used to store actual image number int _blockNo; public: Block(void); Block(int gridX, int gridY, int blockNo); Block& operator=(const Block& block); // static constructor for the creation of a block static Block* blockWithFile(int gridX, int gridY,int blockNo, Shape shape); ... } The blocks implementation..... Block& Block::operator=(const Block& block) { _sprite = new CCSprite(*block._sprite); _gridX = block._gridX; _gridY = block._gridY; _blockNo = block._blockNo; //again how to clone CCNode? return *this; } Block* Block::blockWithFile(int gridX, int gridY,int blockNo, Shape shape) { Block* block = new Block(); if (block && block->initBlockWithFile(gridX, gridY,blockNo, shape)) { block->autorelease(); return block; } CC_SAFE_DELETE(block); return NULL; } bool Block::initBlockWithFile(int gridX, int gridY,int blockNo, Shape shape) { setGridX(gridX); setGridY(gridY); setBlockNo(blockNo); const char* characterImg = helperFunctions::Format(shape.getFileName(),blockNo); // add to the spritesheet CCTexture2D* gameArtTexture = CCTextureCache::sharedTextureCache()->addImage("Character.pvr.ccz"); CCSpriteBatchNode::createWithTexture(gameArtTexture); // block settings _sprite = CCSprite::createWithSpriteFrameName(characterImg); // set the position of the block and add it to the layer this->setPosition(CONVERTGRIDTOACTUALPOS_X_Y(gridX,gridY)); this->addChild(_sprite); return true; } Any ideas are welcome at this point!! thanks

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  • Choosing the correct network protocol for my type of game (its Wc3 Warlock style)

    - by Moritz
    I need to code a little game for a school project. The type of the game is like the Warcraft 3 map "Warlock", if anyone doesnt know it, here is a short description: up to ten players spawn into an arena filled with lava, the goal of each player is to push the other players into the lava with spells (basically variations of missiles, aoe nukes, moba spells etc) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3PoO-gcJik&feature=related we need to provide multiplayer-support over the internet, for that reason I am looking for the best network protocol for this type of game (udp, tcp, lock step, client-server...) what the requirements are: - same/stable simulation on all clients - up to ten players - up to ~100 missiles on the field - very low latency since its reaction based (i dont know the method wc3 used, but it was playable with the old servers) what would be nice (if even possible, since the traffic might be too big): - support for soft bodies over the network (with bullet physics), but this is no real requirement I read several articles about the lock step method used for RTS games, this seems to be great, but does it fit for real-time action games too (ping-related)? If anyone has run into the same problems/questions like me, I would be very happy about any help

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  • AndEngine player, background and camera

    - by valdemar593
    I'm developing a 2D shooter using AndEngine. At the moment I'm trying to make the camera follow the player. As I've understood the common approach is to use the SmoothCamera zooming it and setting the chased entity. The problem is that the camera follows the player WITH background moving also (RepeatingSpriteBackground), so it looks like the player doesn't move at all though the actual position changes. So I don't really get how to make the camera follow the player and have the background not moving. Thanks in advance.

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  • Do I lose/gain performance for discarding pixels even if I don't use depth testing?

    - by Gajoo
    When I first searched for discard instruction, I've found experts saying using discard will result in performance drain. They said discarding pixels will break GPU's ability to use zBuffer properly because GPU have to first run Fragment shader for both objects to check if the one nearer to camera is discarded or not. For a 2D game I'm currently working on, I've disabled both depth-test and depth-write. I'm drawing all objects sorted by their depth and that's all, no need for GPU to do fancy things. now I'm wondering is it still bad if I discard pixels in my fragment shader?

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  • How to syncronize two animations without delays

    - by GeKi
    I have one character idle animation running inside a game in a loop, over and over again. A a certain time I trigger another animation to be played, for the same character. The second animation won't play immediately, as will be a discontinuity in my character animation. First I wait for the idle animation to finish and then I play my second animation. Now I have a smooth, continuous animation, BUT I have introduced a delay between my action and character animation. If I play the second animation right away as it is triggered, the character animation won't be continuous and smooth. I was thinking on breaking the idle animation in small pieces and also to have the same number of second action animations to match the last frame of the idle pieces. This won't solve the delay completely, only will minimize it a bit. So it's a magic formula of how can I get rid of this delay? Thanks.

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  • How to offset particles from point of origin

    - by Sun
    Hi I'm having troubles off setting particles from a point of origin. I want my particles to spread out after a certain radius from a the point of origin. For example, this is what I have right now: All particles emitted from a point of origin. What I want is this: Particles are offset from the point of origin by some amount, i.e after the circle. What is the best way to achieve this? At the moment, I have the point of origin, the position of each particle and its rotation angle. Sorry for the poor illustrations. Edit: I was mistaken, when a particle is created, I have only the point of origin. When the particle is created I am able to calculate the rotation of the particle in the update method after it has moved to a new location using atan2() method. This is how I create/manage particles: Created new particle at enemy ship death location, for every new particle which is added to the list, call Update and Draw to update its position, calculate new angle and draw it.

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  • How to display a projectile trajectory in c++? [on hold]

    - by sana
    I am trying to make a game of Gorillas in c++ whose specification is somewhat like....... is : "In this game both players should select their position on a level scaled ground. Scale of the ground should be from 0 to 20 divisions, each division corresponding to 10 meters. Each player will enter an angle and initial velocity (limits of both should be defined) and the player will hurl a stone with this velocity at given angle. Stone will make a projectile and if it hits the other player then shooting player wins. A random effect of air should also be incorporated. Air will support one player and resist other. Velocity of air should be generated randomly, within some limits, and subtracted or added in the horizontal velocity of the stone. An arrow of suitable length shall represent air direction and velocity. The player who hits first wins." How do I display the trajectory of the stone????

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  • 2-components color model

    - by Cyan
    RGB is the natural color model for OpenGL. But a lot of other color models exist. For example, CMY(K) for printers, YUV for JPEG, the little cousins YCbCr and YCoCg, HSL & HSV from the 70's, and so on. All these models tend to share a common property : they are based on 3 components. Therefore my question is : Does it exist a 2-components color model ? I'm surprised to not find any. I was expecting something along the line of Hue+light could exist. I guess it cannot be as "complete" as a true 3-components color model, but a fine-enough approximation will be good for my usecase. The end objective is to store the 2 components into a single BC5 texture (GL_COMPRESSED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2 in OpenGL). The 3rd component requires a second fetch into a second texture, which hurts performance.

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  • How can I keep track of a battle log on a web game?

    - by Jay W
    Recently I started working on a Web turn-based PvP RPG game. Now I'm working on the battle system but I encountered some issues: How can I keep track of everything that happens in the battle? It should keep track of the characters on the field, inventory, the damage done etc. I first thought I would simply put it in the (MySQL) database, but I think it will be too much. Especially if several people are in a battle. I thought of puting this in sessions or cookies but I don't think thats reliable. Does anyone have an idea how I can do this?

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  • XNA Spritebatch sorting by texture vs depth

    - by Motig
    I am refining my 2D game engine, and I want to look in to sorting sprite batches by texture (because I'm quite often using the same textures repeatedly). However, I also want to retain a few 'layers' of depth (i.e. ground < buildings < units < GUI etc). My question is, which of the following is the best approach (in terms of performance)? Create multiple SpriteBatches and Begin() and End() them in order; or... Create a single SpriteBatch and call Begin() and End() multiple times, once for each layer (in order)?

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  • Cannot find the Cocos2d templates

    - by PeterK
    I am about to upgrade to the last version of Cocos2d and would like to uninstall my current Cocos2d templates before installing the new one but cannot find the templates to delete. I have looked at a number of web comments on this such as Uninstall Cocos2D ans another uninstall example but to no avail. However, I still see Cocos2d in my Xcode (4.5) framework. I have been searching my directories but cannot find it. Is there anyone out there who can give me a hint where to find it so i can delete in?

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  • What is the correct way to reset and load new data into GL_ARRAY_BUFFER?

    - by Geto
    I am using an array buffer for colors data. If I want to load different colors for the current mesh in real time what is the correct way to do it. At the moment I am doing: glBindVertexArray(vao); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorBuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, SIZE, colorsData, GL_STATIC_DRAW); glEnableVertexAttribArray(shader->attrib("color")); glVertexAttribPointer(shader->attrib("color"), 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_TRUE, 0, NULL); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); It works, but I am not sure if this is good and efficient way to do it. What happens to the previous data ? Does it write on top of it ? Do I need to call : glDeleteBuffers(1, colorBuffer); glGenBuffers(1, colorBuffer); before transfering the new data into the buffer ?

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  • Can a local multiplayer iOS game display differently for each device?

    - by Rahil627
    I've seen games which display different data for two devices, but not more than two. If possible, can it be accomplished using GameKit? EDIT: More specifically, I was thinking local multiplayer via bluetooth or wi-fi on an iOS device. Most games I've seen display the same screen synchronized across all of the devices. I understand games that network across the internet do this, often using a server, but I haven't seen any examples of a 3+ device local multiplayer iOS game. I just want to make sure it wasn't some kind of limitation.

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  • Following a set of points?

    - by user1010005
    Lets assume that i have a set of path that an entity should follow : const int Paths = 2 Vector2D<float> Path[Paths] = { Vector2D(100,0),Vector2D(100,50) }; Now i define my entity's position in a 2D vector as follows : Vector2D<float> FollowerPosition(0,0); And now i would like to move the "follower" to the path at index 1 : int PathPosition = 0; //Start with path 1 Currently i do this : Vector2D<float>& Target = Path[PathPosition]; bool Changed = false; if (FollowerPosition.X < Target.X) FollowerPosition.X += Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.X > Target.X) FollowerPosition.X -= Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y < Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y += Vel;,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y > Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y -= Vel,Changed = true; if (!Changed) { PathPosition = PathPosition + 1; if (PathPosition > Paths) PathPosition = 0; } Which works except for one little detail : The movement is not smooth!! ...So i would like to ask if anyone sees anything wrong with my code. Thanks and sorry for my english.

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  • Sprite animation problem

    - by hustlerinc
    I have this sprite I have to animate. The sprite is 7 images total but animation is 10 frames (2 positions are repeated). The order I want to go through the frames is like this: 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - 0 - 2. My problem is how can I skip 1 frame once I reach the end of each direction? The reason I want to skip is to save me from creating duplicate positions in the spritesheet. I'm doing this in Javascript.

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  • Tips on how to notify a user of new features in your game (Android)

    - by brent777
    I have noticed a problem when releasing new features for a game that I wrote for Android and published on Google Play Store. Because my game is "stage-based" - and not a game like Hay Day, for example, where users will just go into the game every day since it can't really be finished - my users are not aware of new features that I release for the game. For example, if I publish a new version of my game and it contains a couple new stages, most of their devices will just auto-update the game and they don't even notice this and think to check out what's new. So this is why an approach like popping open a dialog that showcases the new feature(s) when they open the game for the first time after the update was done is not really sufficient. I am looking for some tips on an approach that will draw my users back into the game and then they could read more detail about new features on such a dialog. I was thinking of something like a notification that tells them to check out the new features after an update is done but I am not sure if this is a good idea. Any suggestions to help me solve this problem would be awesome.

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  • Circular class dependency

    - by shad0w
    Is it bad design to have 2 classes which need each other? I'm writing a small game in which I have a GameEngine class which has got a few GameState objects. To access several rendering methods, these GameState objects also need to know the GameEngine class - so it's a circular dependency. Would you call this bad design? I am just asking, because I am not quite sure and at this time I am still able to refactor these things.

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  • Windows Phone XAML and XNA Apps with Game Components

    - by row1
    I am using the Windows Phone Template "Windows Phone XAML and XNA Apps" and targeting Windows Phone 7/8. Most examples show your game inheriting from Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game and then adding Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GameComponent items to the Components collection. But as my game page inherits from PhoneApplicationPage there isn't a Components collection or a Game property. How can I use GameComponent from within PhoneApplicationPage?

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  • Android - Multiplayer Game - Client / Server - Java etc

    - by user1405328
    I must write a multiplayer pong game for the school. Where are thousand of rooms and where two players can go in to a room and play together and collect points. I programmed the Pong game using Java (LibGDX). How can I do the Network part. I searched the web. And I came across Kryonet. Is there something better? What should I google. On the Internet there are a lot of those questions. And no good answers. I hope that this most questions can be answered. If someone has actual Open Source network game links, tutorials, books, network tutorial, etc. All this would help everyone. Thank you.

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  • Why are my sprite sheet's frames not visible in Cocos Builder?

    - by Ramy Al Zuhouri
    I have created a sprite sheet with zwoptex. Then I just dragged the .plist and .png files to my Cocos Builder project. After this I wanted to take a sprite frame and set it to a sprite: But the sprite image is empty! At first I thought it was just empty in Cocos Builder, and that it must have been working correctly when imported to a project. But if I try to run that scene with CCBReader I still see an empty sprite. Why?

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  • Sprite rotation

    - by Kipras
    I'm using OpenGL and people suggest using glRotate for sprite rotation, but I find that strange. My problem with it is that it rotates the whole matrix, which sort of screws up all my collision detection and so on and so forth. Imagine I had a sprite at position (100, 100) and in position (100, 200) is an obstacle and the sprite's facing it. I rotate the sprite away from the obstacle and when move upwards my y axis, even though the projection shows like it's going away from the obstacle, the sprite will intersect it. So I don't see another way of a rotating a sprite and not screwing up all collision detection other than doing mathematical operations on the image itself. Am I right or am I missing something?

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  • Is there any guarantee about the graphical output of different GPUs in DirectX?

    - by cloudraven
    Let's say that I run the same game in two different computers with different GPUs. If for example they are both certified for DirectX 10. Is there a guarantee that the output for a given program (game) is going to be the same regardless the manufacturer or model of the GPU? I am assuming the configurable settings are exactly the same in both cases. I heard that it is not the case for DirectX 9 and older, but that it is true for DirectX 10. If someone could provide a source confirming or denying it, it would be great. Also what is the guarantee offered. Will the output be exactly the same or just perceptually the same to the human eye?

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