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  • How can I go about learning to write a shader

    - by Donutz
    So here's the background: I'm writing a game, just for my own amusement and education really. I've already come to the conclusion that XNA was the way to go for graphics, I've bought a couple of books, I've gotten basic game graphics going, and that's great. Now I'm starting to get a little in-depth and I'm starting to need to do stuff not covered in my (beginner) books. In particular, I need to display a sprite using a mask. Actually, what I need to do is display a generic sprite with a different color for each player. After banging around on the web, it seems the way to go is to have a color texture (one for each player) which I display using the mask, then display the generic part of the sprite. This has to be done dynamically, i.e. at runtime because there are too many sprites to keep in memory if I try to generate all the permutations at startup. So, I need to use a shader. Fine. I've downloaded a sample shader program, and managed to hit it with a hammer until it does something close enough to what I want so that I know I'm on the right track. And here, we come to my problem... I have no friggin' clue what I'm doing. While there are a lot of samples and such about shaders, no one ever actually explains what's going on. For instance, I can't find any real docs on Tex2D. I feel like the guys in Zoolander poking at the computer. So, my question (yes, I have a question) -- where is a good URL or what is a good book to take me from dumskie to reasonably competent to write a basic shader?

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  • Why do I get a blinking screen when running lwjgl?

    - by SystemNetworks
    I didn't have any errors. But When I run my lwjgl game, it gives me a blinking screen. Here is the code: package L1F3; import org.lwjgl.opengl.Display; import org.lwjgl.opengl.DisplayMode; import org.lwjgl.LWJGLException; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.*; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Display.setDisplayMode(new DisplayMode(640, 480)); Display.setTitle("A fresh display!"); Display.create(); } catch (LWJGLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); Display.destroy(); System.exit(1); } while(!Display.isCloseRequested()) { Display.update(); } Display.destroy(); System.exit(0); } } How do I stop the blinking screen? I was thinking its my framerate. I deleted Display.sync but it still gives me all white and black. Last time it didn't give me a blinking screen. EDIT When I remove Display.update() , it gives me a perfect screen, no blinking or no white. Will my game work without it? I can also close it perfectly.

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  • CLR Profiler Allocated Bytes and XNA ContentManager

    - by Vackup
    I've been fighting with XNA ContentManager and memory allocations for some weeks because I'm trying to port my game from XNA (Windows) to ExEn / Monotouch (iphone). The problem is that after playing a few levels, my game exits unexpectedly on a real iPhone device (not simulator). Profiling memory usage on Windows with CLRProfile, I found some useful stuff but I also found something I dont understand. If I use 2 ContentManagers (1 for shared assets and 1 for level assets), when profiling, "Allocated Bytes" grows and grows after level through level but Memory consumption measured by Windows Task Manager stays constant (down when I unload the content manager and up again when I load content). Obviously, I contentManager.Unload() when level ends. After a few levels my game exits unexpectedly on an iPhone device. If I use 1 content manager, "CRLProfiler Allocated Bytes" stays constant on Windows and on the iPhone; I can play the game normally and it doesnt exit unexpectedly. I use the same assets level through level. It seems like in ios (iPhone) when loading and unloading the same assets, it allocates memory and consumes all device memory, so the ios kill it. Can anybody explain me how this really works? I've read quite a bit, but I still don't understand what's going on.

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  • Achieve anisotropic filtering

    - by fedab
    I want to set anisotropic filtering to my scene. I use SharpDX (DirectX 11) and C#. How do i set up anisotropic filtering in my shader? Currently i try that in the shader: Texture2D tex; sampler textureSampler = sampler_state { Texture = (tex); MipFilter = Anisotropic; MagFilter = Anisotropic; MinFilter = Anisotropic; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; float4 PShader(float4 position : SV_POSITION, float4 color:COLOR, float2 tex0 : TEXCOORD0) : SV_TARGET { float4 textureColor; textureColor = tex.Sample(textureSampler, tex0) * color; return textureColor; } I get my object, textured, but it is not filtered anisotropic. I can write everything in the Parameters, even invalid things and i don't get any errors. The result is the same, objects without applied anisotropic filtering. Do i have to set that in the shader? Can i do that also with SamplerState? I tested that but i didn't get a result too. Some steps what i have to set would be helpful.

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  • Approaches for a clickable map of nations (such as a Risk game) with Spritekit

    - by Vukovitch
    I would like to create a political map where each country is clickable by tapping but I'm not sure the best way to determine which nation was selected. Imagine Risk where each country can be individually clicked to bring up additional information. My current approach is to make a sprite for each nation where every image is the size of the screen The images are mostly transparent except for the country, that way when all of the images are displayed the countries are in the correct place relative to one another. To determine if a click occurs on an individual country I look to see if the tapped location is a non transparent pixel and check that the sprite's name is one of the countries. Additionally the nation needs to glow or something when tapped as an indicator, however my current solution is yet another sprite that is displayed. This seems like a terrible approach and I was wondering what other solutions might achieve the same results. I'm pretty new to SpriteKit so I'm not entirely sure. The other idea I had was creating a single texture where each country is a different shade of gray, then when I get the tap location I do a lookup on the color at that location and get the corresponding country. However, I'm not sure how to create a hilight or glowing country effect with that method.

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  • How to handle circle penetration

    - by Kaertserif
    I've been working on cirlce to circle collision and have gotten the intersection method working correctly, but I'm having problems using the returned values to actually seperate the circles from one another. This is the method which calculates the depth of the circle collision public static Vector2 GetIntersectionDepth(Circle a, Circle b) { float xValue = a.Center.X - b.Center.X; float yValue = a.Center.Y - b.Center.Y; Vector2 depth = Vector2.Zero; float distance = Vector2.Distance(a.Center, b.Center); if (a.Radius + b.Radius > distance) { float result = (a.Radius + b.Radius) - distance; depth.X = (float)Math.Cos(result); depth.Y = (float)Math.Sin(result); } return depth; } This is where I'm trying to apply the values to actually seperate the circles. Vector2 depth = Vector2.Zero; for (int i = 0; i < circlePositions.Count; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < circlePositions.Count; j++) { Circle bounds1 = new Circle(circlePositions[i], circle.Width / 2); Circle bounds2 = new Circle(circlePositions[j], circle.Width / 2); if(i != j) depth = CircleToCircleIntersection.GetIntersectionDepth(bounds1, bounds2); if (depth != Vector2.Zero) { circlePositions[i] = new Vector2(circlePositions[i].X + depth.X, circlePositions[i].Y + depth.Y); } } } If you can offer any help in this I would really appreciate it.

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  • Do you need expensive servers and fancy hosting in order to make a multiplayer game?

    - by ThePlan
    I've finished working on an RPG and it would seem so much more fun to make it multiplayer. SFML has a networking feature, I figured it's possible but then again, never in my life have I even tried something basic about networking, in fact my knowledge of it is very limited. What would it take to make a multiplayer game resource-wise? I'm not talking about an MMO, more like a co-op type of game. Do I need mountains of cash to pay for hosting and servers and many many things to make one?

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  • Isometric Collision Detection

    - by Sleepy Rhino
    I am having some issues with trying to detect collision of two isometric tile. I have tried plotting the lines between each point on the tile and then checking for line intercepts however that didn't work (probably due to incorrect formula) After looking into this for awhile today I believe I am thinking to much into it and there must be a easier way. I am not looking for code just some advise on the best way to achieve detection of overlap

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  • What's the closest thing to Apple's SpriteKit on Android devices? [on hold]

    - by Krumelur
    I've been playing around with the iOS 7 SpriteKit APIs and I totally love them. As I'm pretty much a n00b on Android, I'm wondering what the best Alternative would be if I wanted to go cross platform? I find Cocos2D learning curve pretty steep, where with SpriteKit it's a matter of minutes to get something on the screen. Then there's MonoGame and Cocos 2D for MonoGame - haven't tried either one I must admit.

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  • Top Down bounds of vision

    - by Rorrik
    Obviously in a first person view point the player sees only what's in front of them (with the exception of radars and rearview mirrors, etc). My game has a top down perspective, but I still want to limit what the character sees based on their facing. I've already worked out having objects obstruct vision, but there are two other factors that I worry would be disorienting and want to do right. I want the player to have reduced peripheral vision and very little view behind them. The assumption is he can turn his head and so see fairly well out to the sides, but hardly at all behind without turning the whole body. How do I make it clear you are not seeing behind you? I want the map to turn so the player is always facing up. Part of the game is to experience kind of a maze and the player should be able to lose track of North. How can I turn the map rather than the player avatar without causing confusion?

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  • Following a set of points?

    - by user1010005
    Lets assume that i have a set of path that an entity should follow : const int Paths = 2 Vector2D<float> Path[Paths] = { Vector2D(100,0),Vector2D(100,50) }; Now i define my entity's position in a 2D vector as follows : Vector2D<float> FollowerPosition(0,0); And now i would like to move the "follower" to the path at index 1 : int PathPosition = 0; //Start with path 1 Currently i do this : Vector2D<float>& Target = Path[PathPosition]; bool Changed = false; if (FollowerPosition.X < Target.X) FollowerPosition.X += Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.X > Target.X) FollowerPosition.X -= Vel,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y < Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y += Vel;,Changed = true; if (FollowerPosition.Y > Target.Y) FollowerPosition.Y -= Vel,Changed = true; if (!Changed) { PathPosition = PathPosition + 1; if (PathPosition > Paths) PathPosition = 0; } Which works except for one little detail : The movement is not smooth!! ...So i would like to ask if anyone sees anything wrong with my code. Thanks and sorry for my english.

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  • Y Axis inverted on vertex output

    - by Yonathan Klijnsma
    I've got my project running and somehow it seems my vertex y components are inverted. 10 in the positive on Y goes down and 10 negative on the Y axis goes up. I can't find anything with the initialization and I am not doing any negative scaling in the view matrix. I've never had something like this happen before, does anyone have some tips or things to look for ? How I am sending verteces to the GPU ( Currently intermediate mode ) glVertex3f( x_pos_n, 10, z_pos ); I am using CG in the project but even without shaders the Y axis seems to be inverted.

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  • XNA 3D coordinates seem off

    - by Peteyslatts
    I'm going through a book, and the example it gave me seems like is should work, but when I try and implement it, it falls short. My Camera class takes three vectors in to generate View and Projection matrices. I'm giving it a position vector of (0,0,5), a target vector of Vector.Zero and a top vector (which way is up) of Vector.Up. My Three vertices are placed at (0,1,0), (-1,-1,0), (1,-1,0). It seems like it should work because the vertices are centered around the origin, and thats where I'm telling the camera to look but when I run the game, the only way to get the camera to see the vertices is to set its position to (0,0,-5) and even then the triangle is skewed. Not sure what's wrong here. Any suggestions would be helpful. Just to make sure I've given you guys everything (I don't think these are important as the problem seems to be related to the coordinates, not the ability of the game to draw them): I'm using a VertexBuffer and a BasicEffect. My render code is as follows: effect.World = Matrix.Identity; effect.View = camera.view; effect.Projection = camera.projection; effect.VertexColorEnabled = true; foreach (EffectPass pass in effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); GraphicsDevice.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor> (PrimitiveType.TriangleStrip, verts, 0, 1); }

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  • Can GJK be used with the same "direction finding method" every time?

    - by the_Seppi
    In my deliberations on GJK (after watching http://mollyrocket.com/849) I came up with the idea that it ins not neccessary to use different methods for getting the new direction in the doSimplex function. E.g. if the point A is closest to the origin, the video author uses the negative position vector AO as the direction in which the next point is searched. If an edge (with A as an endpoint) is closest, he creates a normal vector to this edge, lying in the plane the edge and AO form. If a face is the feature closest to the origin, he uses even another method (which I can't recite from memory right now) However, while thinking about the implementation of GJK in my current came, I noticed that the negative direction vector of the newest simplex point would always make a good direction vector. Of course, the next vertex found by the support function could form a simplex that less likely encases the origin, but I assume it would still work. Since I'm currently experiencing problems with my (yet unfinished) implementation, I wanted to ask whether this method of forming the direction vector is usable or not.

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  • How do I add a Rigid body and a box collider component to a Texture2D?

    - by gamenewdev
    I am making a snake game. I'm basing it on a basic tutorial game, which does no collision detection, wall checking or different levels. All snake head, piece, food, even the background is made of Texture2D. I want the head of the snake to detects 2D collisions with them, but Rect.contains isn't working. I'd prefer to detect collisions by onTriggerEnter() for which I need to add BoxCollider to my snakeHead.

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  • 3d Collision Handling

    - by TobSpr
    I have trouble while detecting collisions on my 3D-Game. I have set-up Rays, to detect collisions (Screenshot) and my main-rountine already analyzes them. But now there's the question what to do with that. One possibility would be, to move the player back to the last position, but that's dirty, and does not work if the player can walk in multiple directions (e.g. if the player runs along a wall). My question is, what to do with the collision data / or in which direction, by which amount move the player? I'm sure there is an algorithm for that (as for almost all is).

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  • Threads slowing down application and not working properly

    - by Belgin
    I'm making a software renderer which does per-polygon rasterization using a floating point digital differential analyzer algorithm. My idea was to create two threads for rasterization and have them work like so: one thread draws each even scanline in a polygon and the other thread draws each odd scanline, and they both start working at the same time, but the main application waits for both of them to finish and then pauses them before continuing with other computations. As this is the first time I'm making a threaded application, I'm not sure if the following method for thread synchronization is correct: First of all, I use two global variables to control the two threads, if a global variable is set to 1, that means the thread can start working, otherwise it must not work. This is checked by the thread running an infinite loop and if it detects that the global variable has changed its value, it does its job and then sets the variable back to 0 again. The main program also uses an empty while to check when both variables become 0 after setting them to 1. Second, each thread is assigned a global structure which contains information about the triangle that is about to be rasterized. The structures are filled in by the main program before setting the global variables to 1. My dilemma is that, while this process works under some conditions, it slows down the program considerably, and also it fails to run properly when compiled for Release in Visual Studio, or when compiled with any sort of -O optimization with gcc (i.e. nothing on screen, even SEGFAULTs). The program isn't much faster by default without threads, which you can see for yourself by commenting out the #define THREADS directive, but if I apply optimizations, it becomes much faster (especially with gcc -Ofast -march=native). N.B. It might not compile with gcc because of fscanf_s calls, but you can replace those with the usual fscanf, if you wish to use gcc. Because there is a lot of code, too much for here or pastebin, I created a git repository where you can view it. My questions are: Why does adding these two threads slow down my application? Why doesn't it work when compiling for Release or with optimizations? Can I speed up the application with threads? If so, how? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to create a script for moving a 3rd person controller in an iOS device by using Javascript in Unity3D?

    - by user36563
    I've a code but I'm not sure about the steps, so what I should do after the script? pragma strict public var horizontalSpeed : float = 1.0; public var verticalSpeed : float = 1.0; private var h : float = 0.0; private var v : float = 0.0; private var lastPos : Vector3 = Vector3.zero; function Update() { if UNITY_EDITOR if ( Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0) ) { lastPos = Input.mousePosition; } else if ( Input.GetMouseButton(0) ) { var delta = Input.mousePosition - lastPos; h = horizontalSpeed * delta.x ; transform.Rotate( 0, -h, 0, Space.World ); v = verticalSpeed * delta.y ; transform.position += transform.forward * v * Time.deltaTime; lastPos = Input.mousePosition; } else if (Input.touchCount == 1) { var touch : Touch = Input.GetTouch(0); if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Moved) { h = horizontalSpeed * touch.deltaPosition.x ; transform.Rotate( 0, -h, 0, Space.World ); v = verticalSpeed * touch.deltaPosition.y ; transform.position += transform.forward * v * Time.deltaTime; } } endif }

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  • XNA Spritebatch sorting by texture vs depth

    - by Motig
    I am refining my 2D game engine, and I want to look in to sorting sprite batches by texture (because I'm quite often using the same textures repeatedly). However, I also want to retain a few 'layers' of depth (i.e. ground < buildings < units < GUI etc). My question is, which of the following is the best approach (in terms of performance)? Create multiple SpriteBatches and Begin() and End() them in order; or... Create a single SpriteBatch and call Begin() and End() multiple times, once for each layer (in order)?

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  • How to create a simple side scroller game

    - by D34thSt4lker
    I'm still pretty new to game programming and any tutorial that I have worked with stuck to only games with the initial screen. I want to start creating my own games but there are a few things that I still need to learn. One of them is how to create a game that side-scrolls. For example; Mario... Or ANY type of game like that... Can anyone give me a small example to create something like that. I'm not asking for any specific language because currently in school I am learning javascript but I know some c++/java/processing/objective-c as well. So any of those languages would be fine and I could probably implement it in any of the others... I have been searching for some help with this for a while now but could never actually get any help on it. Thanks in advance!

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  • CUDA 4.1 Particle Update

    - by N0xus
    I'm using CUDA 4.1 to parse in the update of my Particle system that I've made with DirectX 10. So far, my update method for the particle systems is 1 line of code within a for loop that makes each particle fall down the y axis to simulate a waterfall: m_particleList[i].positionY = m_particleList[i].positionY - (m_particleList[i].velocity * frameTime * 0.001f); In my .cu class I've created a struct which I copied from my particle class and is as follows: struct ParticleType { float positionX, positionY, positionZ; float red, green, blue; float velocity; bool active; }; Then I have an UpdateParticle method in the .cu as well. This encompass the 3 main parameters my particles need to update themselves based off the initial line of code. : __global__ void UpdateParticle(float* position, float* velocity, float frameTime) { } This is my first CUDA program and I'm at a loss to what to do next. I've tried to simply put the particleList line in the UpdateParticle method, but then the particles don't fall down as they should. I believe it is because I am not calling something that I need to in the class where the particle fall code use to be. Could someone please tell me what it is I am missing to get it working as it should? If I am doing this completely wrong in general, the please inform me as well.

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  • How to simulate objects floating on water without a physics engine?

    - by user1075940
    In my game the water movement is done in a shader using Gerstner equations. The water movement looks realistic enough for a school project but I encounter serious problem when I wanted to do sailing on waves (similar to this). I managed to do collision with land by calculating quad's vertices and normals beneath ship, however same method can not be applied to water because XZ are displaced and Y is calculated in a shader :( How to approach this problem ? Is it possible to retrieve transformed grid from shader? Unfortunately no external physics libraries can be used.

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  • How do I find actors in an area on a poly-precise basis?

    - by Almo
    Ok, I've been asking various questions and getting some good answers, but I think I need to rethink my method, so I'll describe the problem. I have a player who has a big blue box in front of him. This box shows which KActors will be pushed when he pulls the trigger: Currently, the blue box spawns a descendant of Actor which checks collision to see which KActors are touching it: foreach Owner.TouchingActors(class'DynamicSMActor', DynamicActorItt) { // do stuff } The problem is, if you check for touching between Actors and KActors, it looks like it does a plain axis-aligned bounding-box collision. The power will push the box on the lower right, when it's clear it's not touching the blue box. How should I do this properly? I just need a way to find out which KActors are touching that area, on a poly-by-poly level. These collisions are only done with rectangular boxes and simple sphere collision; we are aware of the potential for performance issues with complex objects and poly-collision. I've tried making the collision checker a KActor, but it doesn't report any TouchingActors. This issue is causing us trouble in a lot of other places as well. So solving this problem is a core issue in our game.

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  • Is there a good reason I shouldn't use a java applet for a game?

    - by ryeguy
    I want to make a multiplayer browser-based game. The nice thing about using an applet is that I can make the client and the server in the same language (java/closure/scala/etc). I know there's html5 and javascript, but server side javascript isn't as mature as the jvm platform and browser support is still kind of flaky. Applets don't seem to be widely used (except for Runescape), but is there a reason they're unsuitable or is it just because of the bad reputation they developed in their infancy?

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  • 2d, Top-down map with different levels

    - by Ktash
    So, I'm creating a 2d, top down, sprite based (tiled) game, and right now I'm working on maps (well, a map editor at the moment, but it will be creating my maps, so basically the same thing). The scenario So, I'm thinking about efficiency and creating a map in pieces. In each piece, I plan on having 'layers'. Basically, I plan on rendering it down to a 'below hero' level, and an 'above hero' level, with the hero rendered in between obviously. There will likely also be a 'on level with hero' layer, but I'm not quite there yet. Not even worrying about events or interaction yet. Just looking to get a hero on the screen. Now for movement, I obviously need to know what tiles can be moved and in what direction. My plan at the moment is each tile getting 8 bits (4 'can enter in direction' bits, 4 'can leave in direction'). This will allow me to limit movement and even allow one way directional movement. The dilemma This works great for a lot of scenarios. It will allow me to store a map in essentially 3 layers, a string, and gives me flexibility going forward. However, I can't create maps that themselves have layers. A good example is a bridge where the user can go under or over the bridge without invalid moves being allowed. I can't create a platform and allow movement underneath. These are things I would like to be able to include in my game. My idea In theory, I could allow multiple hero layers and then allow multiple sets of 'below' and 'above' layers (or sandwich layers). But this complicates my system, and makes movement between maps potentially tricky (If the hero is on the third layer at the edge of a map, but that corresponds to the second layer on the other map, how can I allow or disallow movement). My question Is there a better way to manage multiple maps with multiple levels like this where a users level may be 'connected' on different levels on different maps? Or even... Am I doing this the hard way? Is there a more standard way to handle top-down 2d tiled maps that I am just not aware of? Things to note or that might be helpful This will be done in Javascript (transferred around in JSON) State will need to be transferred quickly, so a map-id and x/y/direction should be enough to get me a boolean 'can move' value Maps will not be standard sized (though they will be in a certain number of tiles) Making an editor tool so that I can have others help, so something that I can create in a tool would be helpful 'Teleportation' locations will likely need to exist to get into building maps and to and from different map sets (which will not necessarily be connected), but have not been created yet (lumping in with events at the moment).

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