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  • Need to make animation whereby the character shatters into a bunch of pieces

    - by theprojectabot
    I would like to take a 3d character model, cut out a bunch of shapes (or a bunch of triangles in the shape of the pieces I want) and then have the pieces separate from each other at the beginning of the animation and fall apart with gravity so it looks like the model is falling apart in shattered pieces. Is there a way to run a script on a mesh, cut out these pieces, instantiate all of them as separate models and then run gravity on them during the simulation?

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  • Can I animate render targets or the swap chain?

    - by Eric F.
    I want to animate some synthetic video bits to fullscreen w/o tearing. Can I set up D3D 9/10/11 in exclusive mode, and have it present a series of buffers that I'm writing to? I know how to copy system memory bits into a texture, then draw that texture as a fullscreen quad, but it seems like overkill. Why should I use the triangle rasterizer when I want to do something so simple? All I want to do is set up a long (4-8 buffer) swapchain and set the bits of the back buffer that is about to be displayed. Or, I want to allocate 4-8 RenderTargets, and on each frame, copy the bits from system memory to the RenderTarget, then set it as the next thing to display. I've never seen or heard about anybody doing this, but it seems so dead simple!

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  • write to depth buffer while using multiple render targets

    - by DocSeuss
    Presently my engine is set up to use deferred shading. My pixel shader output struct is as follows: struct GBuffer { float4 Depth : DEPTH0; //depth render target float4 Normal : COLOR0; //normal render target float4 Diffuse : COLOR1; //diffuse render target float4 Specular : COLOR2; //specular render target }; This works fine for flat surfaces, but I'm trying to implement relief mapping which requires me to manually write to the depth buffer to get correct silhouettes. MSDN suggests doing what I'm already doing to output to my depth render target - however, this has no impact on z culling. I think it might be because XNA uses a different depth buffer for every RenderTarget2D. How can I address these depth buffers from the pixel shader?

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  • How to attach an object to a rotating circle?

    - by armands
    I am trying to make an object get attached on a collision point to a circle that is rotating, but the player needs to get attached with a constant point on the player. For example the player is moving back and forth and when the user touches the screen and the player jumps up but what I need is that when the player collides with the circle it attaches it's legs to it and continues rotating with the circle. So I wanted to know how to make this kind of collision joint in Cocos2d Box2d?

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  • Which Graphics/Geometry abstraction to choose?

    - by Robz
    I've been thinking about the design for a browser app on the HTML5 canvas that simulates a 2D robot zooming around, sensing the world around it. I decided to do this from scratch just for fun. I need shapes, like polygons, circles, and lines in order to model the robot and the world it lives in. These shapes need to be drawn with different appearance attributes, like border/fill style/width/color. I also need to have geometry functions to detect intersections and containment for the robot's sensors and so that the robot doesn't go inside stuff. One idea for functions is to have two totally separate libraries, one to implement graphics (like drawShape(context, shape)) and one for geometry operations (like shapeIntersectsShape(shape1, shape2)). Or, in a more object-oriented approach, the shape objects themselves could implement methods to do their own graphics (shape.draw(context)) and geometry operations (shape1.intersects(shape2)). Then there is the data itself: whether the data to draw a shape and the data to do geometric operations on that shape should be encapsulated within the same object, or be separate structures (where one would contain the other, or both be contained inside another structure). How do existing applications that do graphics/geometry stuff deal with this? Is there one model that is best, or is each good for certain applications? Should the fact that I'm using Javascript instead of a more classical language change how I approach the design?

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  • How to optimise mesh data

    - by Wardy
    So i have some procedurally generated mesh data and i want to reduce it down to its minimum number of verts. In case it matters this is a unity project. Working on the basis of a simple example, lets assume a typical flat surface of points 2 by 3. The point / vertex at [1,1] is used in many triangles. I've generated mesh for a voxel type engine that adds verts to a list based on face visiblility and now I want to remove all the duplicates. Can anyone come up with an efficient way of doing this because what i have is sooo bad its not even funny (and i don't even think it's logically correct) ... private void Optimize() { Vector3 v; Vector3 v2; for (int i = 0; i < Vertices.Count; i++) { v = Vertices[i]; for (int j = i+1; j < Vertices.Count; j++) { v2 = Vertices[j]; if (v.x == v2.x && v.y == v2.y && v.z == v2.z) { for (int ind = 0; ind < Indices.Count; ind++) { if (Indices[ind] == j) { Indices[ind] = i; } else if (Indices[ind] > j && Indices[ind] > 0) Indices[ind]--; } Vertices.RemoveAt(j); Uvs.RemoveAt(j); Normals.RemoveAt(j); } } } } EDIT: Ok i managed to get this (code sample above updated) to render an "optimised" set of verts but the UV data is all wrong now, which would make sense because i'm basically just removing any UV Vector that represents a UV coord for a removed vert and not actually considering what I need to do to "fix the tri" so to speak. The code now seemingly does work but its quite time consuming, still looking to further optimise.

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  • How does one specify raster operations in XNA?

    - by Corey Ogburn
    I'm looking for a way to add a sprite using a particular logic operation (like XOR). I can't find anything on Google and I'm not sure where to look in the documentation. I've looked into SpriteBatch.Begin(...) and its Draw method and several options in the GraphicsDevice class, but I'm not recognizing anything capable of this. I'm still pretty new to XNA so I may just not have recognized the terminology to do this.

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  • Why the clip space in OpenGL has 4 dimensions?

    - by user827992
    I will use this as a generic reference, but the more i browser online docs and books, the less i understand about this. const float vertexPositions[] = { 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.75f, -0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -0.75f, -0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, }; in this online book there is an example about how to draw the first and classic hello world for OpenGL about making a triangle. The vertex structure for the triangle is declared as stated in the code above. The book, as all the other sources about this, stress the point that the Clip Space is a 4D structure that is used to basically decide what will be rasterized and rendered to the screen. Here I have my questions: i can't imagine something in 4D, i don't think that a human can do that, what is a 4D for this Clip space ? the most human-readable doc that i have read speaks about a camera, which is just an abstraction over the clipping concept, and i get that, the problem is, why not using the concept of a camera in the first place which is a more familiar 3D structure? The only problem with the concept of a camera is that you need to define the prospective in other way and so you basically have to add another statement about what kind of camera you wish to have. How i'm supposed to read this 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f ? All i get is that they are all float values and i get the meaning of the first 3 values, what does it mean the last one?

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  • Cocos2d update leaking memory

    - by Andrey Chernukha
    I have a weird issue - my app is leaking memory on device only, not on a simulator. It is leaking if i schedule update method anywhere, on any scene. It is leaking despite update method is empty, there's nothing inside it except NSLog. How can it be? I have even scheduled update on the very first scene where it seems there's nothing to leak, and scheduled another empty and it's leaking or not leaking but allocating something, the result is the same - the volume of the memory consumed is increasing and my app is crashing soon. I can detect the leakage via using Instruments-Memory-Activity Monitor or with help of following function: void report_memory(void) { struct task_basic_info info; mach_msg_type_number_t size = sizeof(info); kern_return_t kerr = task_info(mach_task_self(), TASK_BASIC_INFO, (task_info_t)&info, &size); if( kerr == KERN_SUCCESS ) { NSLog(@"Memory in use (in bytes): %u", info.resident_size); } else { NSLog(@"Error with task_info(): %s", mach_error_string(kerr)); } } Can anyone explain me what's going on?

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  • GLSL: Strange light reflections

    - by Tom
    According to this tutorial I'm trying to make a normal mapping using GLSL, but something is wrong and I can't find the solution. The output render is in this image: Image1 in this image is a plane with two triangles and each of it is different illuminated (that is bad). The plane has 6 vertices. In the upper left side of this plane are 2 identical vertices (same in the lower right). Here are some vectors same for each vertice: normal vector = 0, 1, 0 (red lines on image) tangent vector = 0, 0,-1 (green lines on image) bitangent vector = -1, 0, 0 (blue lines on image) here I have one question: The two identical vertices does need to have the same tangent and bitangent? I have tried to make other values to the tangents but the effect was still similar. Here are my shaders Vertex shader: #version 130 // Input vertex data, different for all executions of this shader. in vec3 vertexPosition_modelspace; in vec2 vertexUV; in vec3 vertexNormal_modelspace; in vec3 vertexTangent_modelspace; in vec3 vertexBitangent_modelspace; // Output data ; will be interpolated for each fragment. out vec2 UV; out vec3 Position_worldspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform mat4 MVP; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Output position of the vertex, in clip space : MVP * position gl_Position = MVP * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1); // Position of the vertex, in worldspace : M * position Position_worldspace = (M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the camera, in camera space. // In camera space, the camera is at the origin (0,0,0). vec3 vertexPosition_cameraspace = ( V * M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; EyeDirection_cameraspace = vec3(0,0,0) - vertexPosition_cameraspace; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the light, in camera space. M is ommited because it's identity. vec3 LightPosition_cameraspace = ( V * vec4(LightPosition_worldspace,1)).xyz; LightDirection_cameraspace = LightPosition_cameraspace + EyeDirection_cameraspace; // UV of the vertex. No special space for this one. UV = vertexUV; // model to camera = ModelView vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexTangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexBitangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexNormal_modelspace; mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); // You can use dot products instead of building this matrix and transposing it. See References for details. LightDirection_tangentspace = TBN * LightDirection_cameraspace; EyeDirection_tangentspace = TBN * EyeDirection_cameraspace; } Fragment shader: #version 130 // Interpolated values from the vertex shaders in vec2 UV; in vec3 Position_worldspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Ouput data out vec3 color; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform sampler2D DiffuseTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D NormalTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D SpecularTextureSampler; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Light emission properties // You probably want to put them as uniforms vec3 LightColor = vec3(1,1,1); float LightPower = 40.0; // Material properties vec3 MaterialDiffuseColor = texture2D( DiffuseTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb; vec3 MaterialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1,0.1,0.1) * MaterialDiffuseColor; //vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = texture2D( SpecularTextureSampler, UV ).rgb * 0.3; vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = vec3(0.5,0.5,0.5); // Local normal, in tangent space. V tex coordinate is inverted because normal map is in TGA (not in DDS) for better quality vec3 TextureNormal_tangentspace = normalize(texture2D( NormalTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb*2.0 - 1.0); // Distance to the light float distance = length( LightPosition_worldspace - Position_worldspace ); // Normal of the computed fragment, in camera space vec3 n = TextureNormal_tangentspace; // Direction of the light (from the fragment to the light) vec3 l = normalize(LightDirection_tangentspace); // Cosine of the angle between the normal and the light direction, // clamped above 0 // - light is at the vertical of the triangle -> 1 // - light is perpendicular to the triangle -> 0 // - light is behind the triangle -> 0 float cosTheta = clamp( dot( n,l ), 0,1 ); // Eye vector (towards the camera) vec3 E = normalize(EyeDirection_tangentspace); // Direction in which the triangle reflects the light vec3 R = reflect(-l,n); // Cosine of the angle between the Eye vector and the Reflect vector, // clamped to 0 // - Looking into the reflection -> 1 // - Looking elsewhere -> < 1 float cosAlpha = clamp( dot( E,R ), 0,1 ); color = // Ambient : simulates indirect lighting MaterialAmbientColor + // Diffuse : "color" of the object MaterialDiffuseColor * LightColor * LightPower * cosTheta / (distance*distance) + // Specular : reflective highlight, like a mirror MaterialSpecularColor * LightColor * LightPower * pow(cosAlpha,5) / (distance*distance); //color.xyz = E; //color.xyz = LightDirection_tangentspace; //color.xyz = EyeDirection_tangentspace; } I have replaced the original color value by EyeDirection_tangentspace vector and then I got other strange effect but I can not link the image (not eunogh reputation) Is it possible that with this shaders is something wrong, or maybe in other place in my code e.g with my matrices? SOLVED Solved... 3 days needed for changing one letter from this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(12*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); to this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(11*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); see difference? :)

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  • How to remove a box2d body when collision happens?

    - by Ayham
    I’m still new to java and android programming and I am having so much trouble Removing an object when collision happens. I looked around the web and found that I should never handle removing BOX2D bodies during collision detection (a contact listener) and I should add my objects to an arraylist and set a variable in the User Data section of the body to delete or not and handle the removing action in an update handler. So I did this: First I define two ArrayLists one for the faces and one for the bodies: ArrayList<Sprite> myFaces = new ArrayList<Sprite>(); ArrayList<Body> myBodies = new ArrayList<Body>(); Then when I create a face and connect that face to its body I add them to their ArrayLists like this: face = new AnimatedSprite(pX, pY, pWidth, pHeight, this.mBoxFaceTextureRegion); Body BoxBody = PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(mPhysicsWorld, face, BodyType.DynamicBody, objectFixtureDef); mPhysicsWorld.registerPhysicsConnector(new PhysicsConnector(face, BoxBody, true, true)); myFaces.add(face); myBodies.add(BoxBody); now I add a contact listener and an update handler in the onloadscene like this: this.mPhysicsWorld.setContactListener(new ContactListener() { private AnimatedSprite face2; @Override public void beginContact(final Contact pContact) { } @Override public void endContact(final Contact pContact) { } @Override public void preSolve(Contact contact,Manifold oldManifold) { } @Override public void postSolve(Contact contact,ContactImpulse impulse) { } }); scene.registerUpdateHandler(new IUpdateHandler() { @Override public void reset() { } @Override public void onUpdate(final float pSecondsElapsed) { } }); My plan is to detect which two bodies collided in the contact listener by checking a variable from the user data section of the body, get their numbers in the array list and finally use the update handler to remove these bodies. The questions are: Am I using the arraylist correctly? How to add a variable to the User Data (the code please). I tried removing a body in this update handler but it still throws me NullPointerException , so what is the right way to add an update handler and where should I add it. Any other advices to do this would be great. Thanks in advance.

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  • How does this snippet of code create a ray direction vector?

    - by Isaac Waller
    In the Minecraft source code, this code is used to create a direction vector for a ray from pitch and yaw:' float f1 = MathHelper.cos(-rotationYaw * 0.01745329F - 3.141593F); float f3 = MathHelper.sin(-rotationYaw * 0.01745329F - 3.141593F); float f5 = -MathHelper.cos(-rotationPitch * 0.01745329F); float f7 = MathHelper.sin(-rotationPitch * 0.01745329F); return Vec3D.createVector(f3 * f5, f7, f1 * f5); I was wondering how it worked, and what is the constant 0.01745329F?

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  • Where to start? (3D Modeling)

    - by herfus
    I'm looking for a good resource to start learning 3d modeling. I'm looking for something that starts with the basics (e.g. terminology; what are quads, triangles etc.) before/while going into the actual modeling. Book, website, video, anything will do. I'm only concerned with the quality of the tutorials, how thorough they are. I have experience with texturing, level design and so on - but I've never created anything more than simple shapes/editing existing assets.

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  • Outline Shader Effect for Orthogonal Geometry in XNA

    - by Griffin
    I just recently started learning the art of shading, but I can't give an outline width to 2D, concave geometry when restrained to a single vertex/pixel shader technique (thanks to XNA). the shape I need to give an outline to has smooth, per-vertex coloring, as well as opacity. The outline, which has smooth, per-vertex coloring, variable width, and opacity cannot interfere with the original shape's colors. A pixel depth border detection algorithm won't work because pixel depth isn't a 3.0 semantic. expanding geometry / redrawing won't work because it interferes with the original shape's colors. I'm wondering if I can do something with the stencil/depth buffer outside of the shader functions since I have access to that through the graphics device. But I don't believe I'm able to manipulate actual values. How might I do this?

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  • Projecting onto different size screens by cropping

    - by Jason
    Hi, I am building a phone application which will display a shape on screen. The shape should look the same on different screen sizes. I. Decided the best way to do this is to show more of the background on larger screen keeping the shapes proportion the same on all screens. My problem is I am not sure how to achieve this, I can query the screen size at runtime and calculate how different it is from the six is designed for but I am not sure what to do with this value. What kind of projection should I use for my orthographic matrix an hour will I display more on larger screens and not loose information on smaller screens? Thanks, Jason.

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  • XNA hlsl tex2D() only reads 3 channels from normal maps and specular maps

    - by cubrman
    Our engine uses deferred rendering and at the main draw phase gathers plenty of data from the objects it draws. In order to save on tex2D calls, we packed our objects' specular maps with all sorts of data, so three out of four channels are already taken. To make it clear: I am talking about the assets that come with the models and are stored in their material's Specular Level channel, not about the RenderTarget. So now I need another information to be stored in the alpha channel, but I cannot make the shader to read it properly! Nomatter what I write into alpha it ends up being 1 (255)! I tried: saving the textures in PNG/TGA formats. turning off pre-computed alpha in model's properties. Out of every texture available to me (we use Diffuse map, Normal Map and Specular Map) I was only able to read alpha successfully from the Diffuse Map! Here is how I add specular and normal maps to my model's material in the content processor: if (geometry.Material.Textures.ContainsKey(normalMapKey)) { ExternalReference<TextureContent> texRef = geometry.Material.Textures[normalMapKey]; geometry.Material.Textures.Remove("NormalMap"); geometry.Material.Textures.Add("NormalMap", texRef); } ... foreach (KeyValuePair<String, ExternalReference<TextureContent>> texture in material.Textures) { if ((texture.Key == "Texture") || (texture.Key == "NormalMap") || (texture.Key == "SpecularMap")) mat.Textures.Add(texture.Key, texture.Value); } In the shader I obviously use: float4 data = tex2D(specularMapSampler, TexCoords); so data.a is always 1 in my case, could you suggest a reason?

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  • Omni-directional light shadow mapping with cubemaps in WebGL

    - by Winged
    First of all I must say, that I have read a lot of posts describing an usage of cubemaps, but I'm still confused about how to use them. My goal is to achieve a simple omni-directional (point) light type shading in my WebGL application. I know that there is a lot more techniques (like using Two-Hemispheres or Camera Space Shadow Mapping) which are way more efficient, but for an educational purpose cubemaps are my primary goal. Till now, I have adapted a simple shadow mapping which works with spotlights (with one exception: I don't know how to cut off the glitchy part beyond the reach of a single shadow map texture): glitchy shadow mapping<<< So for now, this is how I understand the usage of cubemaps in shadow mapping: Setup a framebuffer (in case of cubemaps - 6 framebuffers; 6 instead of 1 because every usage of framebufferTexture2D slows down an execution which is nicely described here <<<) and a texture cubemap. Also in WebGL depth components are not well supported, so I need to render it to RGBA first. this.texture = gl.createTexture(); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, this.texture); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, gl.TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, gl.LINEAR); gl.texParameteri(gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, gl.TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, gl.LINEAR); for (var face = 0; face < 6; face++) gl.texImage2D(gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + face, 0, gl.RGBA, this.size, this.size, 0, gl.RGBA, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, null); gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, null); this.framebuffer = []; for (face = 0; face < 6; face++) { this.framebuffer[face] = gl.createFramebuffer(); gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, this.framebuffer[face]); gl.framebufferTexture2D(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, gl.TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + face, this.texture, 0); gl.framebufferRenderbuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, gl.DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, gl.RENDERBUFFER, this.depthbuffer); var e = gl.checkFramebufferStatus(gl.FRAMEBUFFER); // Check for errors if (e !== gl.FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) throw "Cubemap framebuffer object is incomplete: " + e.toString(); } Setup the light and the camera (I'm not sure if should I store all of 6 view matrices and send them to shaders later, or is there a way to do it with just one view matrix). Render the scene 6 times from the light's position, each time in another direction (X, -X, Y, -Y, Z, -Z) for (var face = 0; face < 6; face++) { gl.bindFramebuffer(gl.FRAMEBUFFER, shadow.buffer.framebuffer[face]); gl.viewport(0, 0, shadow.buffer.size, shadow.buffer.size); gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); camera.lookAt( light.position.add( cubeMapDirections[face] ) ); scene.draw(shadow.program); } In a second pass, calculate the projection a a current vertex using light's projection and view matrix. Now I don't know If should I calculate 6 of them, because of 6 faces of a cubemap. ScaleMatrix pushes the projected vertex into the 0.0 - 1.0 region. vDepthPosition = ScaleMatrix * uPMatrixFromLight * uVMatrixFromLight * vWorldVertex; In a fragment shader calculate the distance between the current vertex and the light position and check if it's deeper then the depth information read from earlier rendered shadow map. I know how to do it with a 2D Texture, but I have no idea how should I use cubemap texture here. I have read that texture lookups into cubemaps are performed by a normal vector instead of a UV coordinate. What vector should I use? Just a normalized vector pointing to the current vertex? For now, my code for this part looks like this (not working yet): float shadow = 1.0; vec3 depth = vDepthPosition.xyz / vDepthPosition.w; depth.z = length(vWorldVertex.xyz - uLightPosition) * linearDepthConstant; float shadowDepth = unpack(textureCube(uDepthMapSampler, vWorldVertex.xyz)); if (depth.z > shadowDepth) shadow = 0.5; Could you give me some hints or examples (preferably in WebGL code) how I should build it?

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  • 3D Modeling Software for Programmer [closed]

    - by Pathachiever11
    I've recently learned how to make games for Unity3d, and now I want to start making games! I can't wait to start! However, before I can make 3D games, I need to learn 3D modeling for character design, level design, and some animation. What is the easiest 3D modeling software, compatible with Unity3d? I do not want to spend too much time learning the software. From what I've heard, Blender is a bit complicated to use. Maya and 3dsMax seem very powerful. Could someone point me in the right direction? I don't want to spend a lot of time learning. I know its not that easy, but you guys have experience, you guys probably know out of all which one is easier and powerful. Could you recommend a software? Many Thanks!

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • draw bullet at the end of the barrel

    - by Alberto
    excuse my awkwardness, i have this code: [syntax="java"] int x2 = (int) (canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[0] + LENGTH_SPRITE/2* Math.cos(canon.getRotation())); int y2 = (int) (canon.getSceneCenterCoordinates()[1] + LENGTH_SPRITE/2* Math.sin(canon.getRotation())); projectile = new Sprite( (float) x2, (float) y2, mProjectileTextureRegion,this.getVertexBufferObjectManager() ); mMainScene.attachChild(projectile); [/syntax] and the bullet are drawn around the cannon in circle.. but not from the end of cannon :( help!

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  • 2D SAT Collision Detection not working when using certain polygons (With example)

    - by sFuller
    My SAT algorithm falsely reports that collision is occurring when using certain polygons. I believe this happens when using a polygon that does not contain a right angle. Here is a simple diagram of what is going wrong: Here is the problematic code: std::vector<vec2> axesB = polygonB->GetAxes(); //loop over axes B for(int i = 0; i < axesB.size(); i++) { float minA,minB,maxA,maxB; polygonA->Project(axesB[i],&minA,&maxA); polygonB->Project(axesB[i],&minB,&maxB); float intervalDistance = polygonA->GetIntervalDistance(minA, maxA, minB, maxB); if(intervalDistance >= 0) return false; //Collision not occurring } This function retrieves axes from the polygon: std::vector<vec2> Polygon::GetAxes() { std::vector<vec2> axes; for(int i = 0; i < verts.size(); i++) { vec2 a = verts[i]; vec2 b = verts[(i+1)%verts.size()]; vec2 edge = b-a; axes.push_back(vec2(-edge.y,edge.x).GetNormailzed()); } return axes; } This function returns the normalized vector: vec2 vec2::GetNormailzed() { float mag = sqrt( x*x + y*y ); return *this/mag; } This function projects a polygon onto an axis: void Polygon::Project(vec2* axis, float* min, float* max) { float d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[0]); float _min = d; float _max = d; for(int i = 1; i < verts.size(); i++) { d = axis->DotProduct(&verts[i]); _min = std::min(_min,d); _max = std::max(_max,d); } *min = _min; *max = _max; } This function returns the dot product of the vector with another vector. float vec2::DotProduct(vec2* other) { return (x*other->x + y*other->y); } Could anyone give me a pointer in the right direction to what could be causing this bug? Edit: I forgot this function, which gives me the interval distance: float Polygon::GetIntervalDistance(float minA, float maxA, float minB, float maxB) { float intervalDistance; if (minA < minB) { intervalDistance = minB - maxA; } else { intervalDistance = minA - maxB; } return intervalDistance; //A positive value indicates this axis can be separated. } Edit 2: I have recreated the problem in HTML5/Javascript: Demo

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  • Incorrect results for frustum cull

    - by DeadMG
    Previously, I had a problem with my frustum culling producing too optimistic results- that is, including many objects that were not in the view volume. Now I have refactored that code and produced a cull that should be accurate to the actual frustum, instead of an axis-aligned box approximation. The problem is that now it never returns anything to be in the view volume. As the mathematical support library I'm using does not provide plane support functions, I had to code much of this functionality myself, and I'm not really the mathematical type, so it's likely that I've made some silly error somewhere. As follows is the relevant code: class Plane { public: Plane() { r0 = Math::Vector(0,0,0); normal = Math::Vector(0,1,0); } Plane(Math::Vector p1, Math::Vector p2, Math::Vector p3) { r0 = p1; normal = Math::Cross((p2 - p1), (p3 - p1)); } Math::Vector r0; Math::Vector normal; }; This class represents one plane as a point and a normal vector. class Frustum { public: Frustum( const std::array<Math::Vector, 8>& points ) { planes[0] = Plane(points[0], points[1], points[2]); planes[1] = Plane(points[4], points[5], points[6]); planes[2] = Plane(points[0], points[1], points[4]); planes[3] = Plane(points[2], points[3], points[6]); planes[4] = Plane(points[0], points[2], points[4]); planes[5] = Plane(points[1], points[3], points[5]); } Plane planes[6]; }; The points are passed in order where (the inverse of) each bit of the index of each point indicates whether it's the left, top, and back of the frustum, respectively. As such, I just picked any three points where they all shared one bit in common to define the planes. My intersection test is as follows (based on this): bool Intersects(Math::AABB lhs, const Frustum& rhs) const { for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++) { Math::Vector pvertex = lhs.TopRightFurthest; Math::Vector nvertex = lhs.BottomLeftClosest; if (rhs.planes[i].normal.x <= -0.0f) { std::swap(pvertex.x, nvertex.x); } if (rhs.planes[i].normal.y <= -0.0f) { std::swap(pvertex.y, nvertex.y); } if (rhs.planes[i].normal.z <= -0.0f) { std::swap(pvertex.z, nvertex.z); } if (Math::Dot(rhs.planes[i].r0, nvertex) < 0.0f) { return false; } } return true; } Also of note is that because I'm using a left-handed co-ordinate system, I wrote my Cross function to return the negative of the formula given on Wikipedia. Any suggestions as to where I've made a mistake?

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  • Lighting with VBO

    - by nkint
    I'm using a Java JOGL wrapper called processing.org. I have coded some enviroment on it and I'm quite proud of it even if it has some ready stuffs that I didn't know anything about it (==LIGHTS). Then, for some geometry, I've decided to use a VBO. I had to pass in the hard way and recode all lights. But I can't achieve the same result. This is the original light system: And this with VBO: With this code: Vec3D l; gl.glEnable(GL.GL_LIGHTING); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_LIGHT0); gl.glEnable(GL.GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); gl.glMaterialfv(GL.GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL.GL_AMBIENT, new float[]{0.8f,0f,0f}, 0); l = new Vec3D(0,0,-10); gl.glColor3f(0.8f,0f,0f); gl.glLightfv(GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_POSITION, new float[] { l.x, l.y, l.z, 0 }, 0); gl.glLightfv(GL.GL_LIGHT0, GL.GL_SPOT_DIRECTION, new float[] { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, 0); I can't achive the same light, the same color material, and the same wireframe stuffs. If needed I can also post the code I use for VBO, but it is quite standard vertex array grabbed on the net that uses glDrawArrays

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  • What functionality should I use in OpenGL 2.0?

    - by Jeffrey
    Considering OpenGL 2.1, we all know that glBegin and glEnd are the devil. Should I use only VBO to render 3d primitives (I can't find VAO in that version, weren't there already?)? Should I still use the matrix stack (why not?)? Should I still use glFrustum? Can I take advantage of shaders in GLSL 1.20? Where can I find a tutorial for VBO in OpenGL 2.1 and the "correct" way of programming in it? Also how am I supposed to animate something. Like a cube moving around an object or a player moving in the scene (static vbo data + shader?)? Note: Take your time to answer this question, I'll accept an answer tomorrow.

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  • Finding the shorter turning direction towards a target

    - by A.B.
    I'm trying to implement a type of movement where the object gradually faces the target. The problem I've run into is figuring out which turning direction is faster. The following code works until the object's orientation crosses the -PI or PI threshold, at which point it will start turning into the opposite direction void moveToPoint(sf::Vector2f destination) { if (destination == position) return; auto distance = distanceBetweenPoints(position, destination); auto direction = angleBetweenPoints(position, destination); /// Decides whether incrementing or decrementing orientation is faster /// the next line is the problem if (atan2(sin(direction - rotation), cos(direction - rotation)) > 0 ) { /// Increment rotation rotation += rotation_speed; } else { /// Decrement rotation rotation -= rotation_speed; } if (distance < movement_speed) { position = destination; } else { position.x = position.x + movement_speed*cos(rotation); position.y = position.y + movement_speed*sin(rotation); } updateGraphics(); } 'rotation' and 'rotation_speed' are implemented as custom data type for radians which cannot have values lower than -PI and greater than PI. Any excess or deficit "wraps around". For example, -3.2 becomes ~3.08.

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