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  • Loading machinecode from file into memory and executing in C -- mprotect failing

    - by chartreusekitsune
    Hi I'm trying to load raw machine code into memory and run it from within a C program, right now when the program executes it breaks when trying to run mprotect on the memory to make it executable. I'm also not entirely sure that if the memory does get set right it will execute. What I currently have is the following: #include <memory.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <stdio.h> int main ( int argc, char **argv ) { FILE *fp; int sz = 0; char *membuf; int output = 0; fp = fopen(argv[1],"rb"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("Failed to open file, aborting!\n"); exit(1); } fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_END); sz = ftell(fp); fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_SET); membuf = (char *)malloc(sz*sizeof(char)); if(membuf == NULL) { printf("Failed to allocate memory, aborting!\n"); exit(1); } memset(membuf, 0x90, sz*sizeof(char)); if( mprotect(membuf, sz*sizeof(char), PROT_EXEC | PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE) == -1) { printf("mprotect failed!!! aborting!\n"); exit(1); } if((sz*sizeof(char)) != fread(membuf, sz*sizeof(char), 1, fp)) { printf("Read failed, aborting!\n"); exit(1); } __asm__ ( "call %%eax;" : "=a" (output) : "a" (membuf) ); printf("Output = %x\n", output); return 0; }

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  • Static variables and long running thread on IIS 7.5

    - by Dmitry
    Hello people. Help me solve next problem. I have ASP .NET MVC2 application. I run it on IIS 7.5. In one page user clicks button and handler for this button sends request to server (jquery.ajax). At server action in controller starts new thread (it makes long time import): var thread = new Thread(RefreshCitiesInDatabase); thread.Start(); State of import is available in static variable. New thread changes value of variable in the begin of work. User can check state of import too with the help of this variable, which is used in view. And user sees import's state. When I start this function few minutes everything is okey. On page I see right state of import, quantity of imported records is changed, I see changes in logs. But after few minutes begin troubles. When I refresh page with import state sometimes I see that import is okey but sometimes I see page with default values about import (like application is just started), but after that again I can see page with normal import's state. I tried to attach Visual Studio to IIS process and debug application. But when request comes to controller sometimes static variables have right values and sometimes they have default values (static int has 0, static string has "" etc.). Tell me what I do wrong. May be I must start additional thread in other way? Thanks in advance, Dmitry

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  • Django m2m form appearing fields

    - by dana
    I have a classroom application,and a follow relation. Users can follow each other and can create classrooms.When a user creates a classroom, he can invite only the people that are following him. The Classroom model is a m2m to User table. i have in models. py: class Classroom(models.Model): creator = models.ForeignKey(User) classname = models.CharField(max_length=140, unique = True) date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) open_class = models.BooleanField(default=True) members = models.ManyToManyField(User,related_name="list of invited members") and in models.py of the follow application: class Relations(models.Model): initiated_by = models.ForeignKey(User, editable=False) date_initiated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, editable = False) follow = models.ForeignKey(User, editable = False, related_name = "follow") date_follow = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, editable = False) and in views.py of the classroom app: def save_classroom(request, username): if request.method == 'POST': u = User.objects.get(username=username) form = ClassroomForm(request.POST, request.FILES) if form.is_valid(): new_obj = form.save(commit=False) new_obj.creator = request.user r = Relations.objects.filter(initiated_by = request.user) # new_obj.members = new_obj.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('.') else: form = ClassroomForm() return render_to_response('classroom/classroom_form.html', { 'form': form, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) i'm using a ModelForm for the classroom form, and the default view, taking in consideration my many to many relation with User table, in the field Members, is a list of all Users in my database. But i only want in that list the users that are in a follow relationship with the logged in user - the one who creates the classroom. How can i do that? Thanks!

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  • NHibernate: how to handle entity-based validation using session-per-request pattern, without control

    - by Seth Petry-Johnson
    What is the best way to do entity-based validation (each entity class has an IsValid() method that validates its internal members) in ASP.NET MVC, with a "session-per-request" model, where the controller has zero (or limited) knowledge of the ISession? Here's the pattern I'm using: Get an entity by ID, using an IFooRepository that wraps the current NH session. This returns a connected entity instance. Load the entity with potentially invalid data, coming from the form post. Validate the entity by callings its IsValid() method. If valid, call IFooRepository.Save(entity). Otherwise, display error message. The session is currently opened when the request begins and flushed when the request ends. Since my entity is connected to a session, flushing the session attempts to save the changes even if the object is invalid. What's the best way to keep validation logic in the entity class, limit controller knowledge of NH, and avoid saving invalid changes at the end of a request? Option 1: Explicitly evict on validation failure, implicitly flush: if the validation fails, I could manually evict the invalid object in the action method. If successful, I do nothing and the session is automatically flushed. Con: error prone and counter-intuitive ("I didn't call .Save(), why are my invalid changes being saved anyways?") Option 2: Explicitly flush, do nothing by default: By default I can dispose of the session on request end, only flushing if the controller indicates success. I'd probably create a SaveChanges() method in my base controller that sets a flag indicating success, and then query this flag when closing the session at request end. Pro: More intuitive to troubleshoot if dev forgets this step [relative to option 1] Con: I have to call IRepository.Save(entity)' and SaveChanges(). Option 3: Always work with disconnected objects: I could modify my repositories to return disconnected/transient objects, and modify the Repo.Save() method to re-attach them. Pro: Most intuitive, given that controllers don't know about NH. Con: Does this defeat many of the benefits I'd get from NH?

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  • conditional update records mysql query

    - by Shakti Singh
    Hi, Is there any single msql query which can update customer DOB? I want to update the DOB of those customers which have DOB greater than current date. example:- if a customer have dob 2034 update it to 1934 , if have 2068 updated with 1968. There was a bug in my system if you enter date less than 1970 it was storing it as 2070. The bug is solved now but what about the customers which have wrong DOB. So I have to update their DOB. All customers are stored in customer_entity table and the entity_id is the customer_id Details is as follows:- desc customer_entity -> ; +------------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +------------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ | entity_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | entity_type_id | smallint(8) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | | | attribute_set_id | smallint(5) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | website_id | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | MUL | NULL | | | email | varchar(255) | NO | MUL | | | | group_id | smallint(3) unsigned | NO | | 0 | | | increment_id | varchar(50) | NO | | | | | store_id | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | MUL | 0 | | | created_at | datetime | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | | updated_at | datetime | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | | is_active | tinyint(1) unsigned | NO | | 1 | | +------------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec) And the DOB is stored in the customer_entity_datetime table the column value contain the DOB. but in this table values of all other attribute are also stored such as fname,lname etc. So the attribute_id with value 11 is DOB attribute. mysql> desc customer_entity_datetime; +----------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ | value_id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | entity_type_id | smallint(8) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | | | attribute_id | smallint(5) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | | | entity_id | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | 0 | | | value | datetime | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | | +----------------+----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) Thanks.

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  • HSQLDB connection error

    - by user1478527
    I created a java program for connect the HSQLDB , the first one works well, public final static String DRIVER = "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"; public final static String URL = "jdbc:hsqldb:file:F:/hsqlTest/data/db"; public final static String DBNAME = "SA"; but these are not public final static String DRIVER = "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"; public final static String URL = "jdbc:hsqldb:file:C:/Program Files/tich Tools/mos tech/app/data/db/t1/t2/01/db"; public final static String DBNAME = "SA"; the error shows like this: java.sql.SQLException: error in script file line: 1 unexpected token: ? at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCConnection.<init>(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCDriver.getConnection(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCDriver.connect(Unknown Source) at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source) at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source) at HSQLDBManagerImp.getconn(HSQLDBManagerImp.java:48) at TESTHSQLDB.main(TESTHSQLDB.java:15) Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: error in script file line: 1 unexpected token: ? at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.scriptio.ScriptReaderText.readDDL(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.scriptio.ScriptReaderBase.readAll(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.persist.Log.processScript(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.persist.Log.open(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.persist.Logger.openPersistence(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.Database.reopen(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.Database.open(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.DatabaseManager.getDatabase(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.DatabaseManager.newSession(Unknown Source) ... 7 more Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: unexpected token: ? at org.hsqldb.error.Error.parseError(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.ParserBase.unexpectedToken(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compilePart(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compileStatement(Unknown Source) at org.hsqldb.Session.compileStatement(Unknown Source) ... 16 more I googled this connection question , but most of them not help much, someone says that may be the HSQLDB version problem. The dbase shut down in "SHUT COMPRESS" model. Anyone give some advice?

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  • .NET: Allow NULLS in DB fields?

    - by mark smith
    Hi there, I have the task of re-factoring an SQLServer DB.... A lot of the tables and columns "ALLOW NULLS", Is this good practice... I seem to remember the authour of CSLA.NET saying it was really bad practice to allow nulls in a DB... If this is the case, what are my alternatives? Remove all "ALLOW NULLS" from all columns.... and in numeric columns use a value of -1 for example?? I would really appreciate any input anyone has. I am currently using a Model (from entity framework) from my DB and the db columns that "ALLOW NULLS" are null ... and some of the stored procedures require that i have a default value... i.e. BOOLEAN require FALSE as default ... but it is null.. Well i don't want to stray from my original question, ALLOW NULLS are a bad thing from what i can gather .... so how do i fix this ? Any help really appreciated

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  • Python print statement prints nothing with a carriage return

    - by Jonathan Sternberg
    I'm trying to write a simple tool that reads files from disc, does some image processing, and returns the result of the algorithm. Since the program can sometimes take awhile, I like to have a progress bar so I know where it is in the program. And since I don't like to clutter up my command line and I'm on a Unix platform, I wanted to use the '\r' character to print the progress bar on only one line. But when I have this code here, it prints nothing. # Files is a list with the filenames for i, f in enumerate(files): print '\r%d / %d' % (i, len(files)), # Code that takes a long time I have also tried: print '\r', i, '/', len(files), Now just to make sure this worked in python, I tried this: heartbeat = 1 while True: print '\rHello, world', heartbeat, heartbeat += 1 This code works perfectly. What's going on? My understanding of carriage returns on Linux was that it would just move the line feed character to the beginning and then I could overwrite old text that was written previously, as long as I don't print a newline anywhere. This doesn't seem to be happening though. Also, is there a better way to display a progress bar in a command line than what I'm current trying to do?

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  • What is the header of an array in .NET

    - by Thomas
    Hi all, I have a little bit seen the representation of an array in memory with Windbg and SOS plugin. Here it is the c# : class myobj{ public int[] arr; } class Program{ static void Main(string[] args){ myobj o = new myobj(); o.arr = new int[7]; o.arr[0] = 0xFFFFFF; o.arr[1] = 0xFFFFFF; o.arr[2] = 0xFFFFFF; o.arr[3] = 0xFFFFFF; o.arr[4] = 0xFFFFFF; } } I break at final of Main, and I observ : 0:000> !clrstack -l OS Thread Id: 0xc3c (0) ESP EIP 0015f0cc 0043d1cf test.Program.Main(System.String[]) LOCALS: 0x0015f0d8 = 0x018a2f58 0:000 !do 0x018a2f58 Name: test.myobj MethodTable: 0026309c EEClass: 00261380 Size: 12(0xc) bytes (C:\Users\admin\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\test\test\bin\Debug\test.exe) Fields: MT Field Offset Type VT Attr Value Name 01324530 4000001 4 System.Int32[] 0 instance 018a2f64 tab 0:000 dd 018a2f64 018a2f64 01324530 00000007 00ffffff 00ffffff 018a2f74 00ffffff 00ffffff 00ffffff 00000000 018a2f84 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 018a2f94 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 018a2fa4 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 018a2fb4 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 018a2fc4 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 018a2fd4 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 I can see that the header contains the size of the array (00000007) but my question is : what is the value 01324530 ? Thanks !

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  • setting up 301 redirects: dynamic urls to static urls

    - by MS
    We are currently using a template-based website and are hoping to move to a site with static urls. Our domain will stay the same. I understand that using 301 redirects in a .htaccess file is the preferred method -- and the one that has the highest chance of preserving our google rankings. I am still new at all this and am having a hard time figuring out the proper way to code it all. Over a hundred of our pages are indexed. They all have a similar URL but with different pageIDs: http://www.realestate-bigbear.com/Nav.aspx/Page=%2fPageManager%2fDefault.aspx%2fPageID%3d2020765 Some link out to provided content, ex. /RealEstateNews/Default.aspx Then there are many that flow from the main featured listings page: /ListNow/Default.aspx Down to all the specific properties.. where the PropertyId changes /ListNow/Property.aspx?PropertyID=2048098 would a simple set of codes work... like the following.... redirect 301 /Nav.aspx/Page=%2fPageManager%2fDefault.aspx%2fPageID%3d2020765 www.realestate.bigbear.com/SearchBigBearMLS.htm or do I need to do something entirely different?

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  • Multiple, Simultaneous Factories and Protocols in Twisted: Same Service, Different Ports

    - by RichardCroasher
    Greetings, Forum. I'm working on a program in Python that uses Twisted to manage networking. The basis of this program is a TCP service that is to listen for connections on multiple ports. However, instead of using one Twisted factory to handle a protocol object for each port, I am trying to use a separate factory for each port. The reason for this is to force a separation among the groups of clients connecting to the different ports. Unfortunately, it appears that this architecture isn't quite working: clients that connect to one port appear to be available among all the factories (e.g., the protocol class used by each factory includes a 'self.factory.clients.append (self)' statement...instead of adding a given client to just the factory for a particular port, the client is added to all factories), and whenever I shutdown service on one port the listeners on all ports also stop. I've been working with Twisted for a short while, and fear I simply don't fully understand how its factory classes are managed. My question is: is it simply not possible to have multiple, simultaneous instances of the same factory and same protocol in use across different ports (without these instances stepping on each other's toes)?

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  • C++ stack for multiple data types (RPN vector calculator)

    - by Arrieta
    Hello: I have designed a quick and basic vector arithmetic library in C++. I call the program from the command line when I need a rapid cross product, or angle between vectors. I don't use Matlab or Octave or related, because the startup time is larger than the computation time. Again, this is for very basic operations. I am extending this program, and I will make it work as an RPN calculator, for operations of the type: 1 2 3 4 5 6 x out: -3 6 -3 (give one vector, another vector, and the "cross" operator; spit out the cross product) The stack must accept 3d vectors or scalars, for operations like: 1 2 3 2 * out: 2 4 6 The lexer and parser for this mini-calculator are trivial, but I cannot seem to think of a good way for creating the internal stack. How would you create a stack of for containing vectors or doubles (I rolled up my own very simple vector class - less than one hundred lines and it does everything I need). How can I create a simple stack which accepts elements of class Vector or type double? Thank you.

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  • Does Security Trimming work with Web Forms Routing?

    - by Slauma
    In my web.config I have configured a SiteMapProvider with securityTrimmingEnabled="true" and on my main master page is an asp:Menu control bound to an asp:SiteMapDataSource. In addition I have configured restricted access to all pages in a subfolder "Admin" (using another web.config in this subfolder). If I put a sitemapNode in Web.sitemap... <siteMapNode url="~/Admin/Default.aspx" title="Administration" description="" > ... only users in role "Admin" will have the menu item related to that siteMapNode. So this is working fine and as intended. Now I have defined a URL route in Global.asax to map the physical file to a new URL: System.Web.Routing.RouteTable.Routes.MapPageRoute("AdminHomeRoute", "Administration/Home", "~/Admin/Default.aspx"); But when I use this route-URL in the SiteMap file... <siteMapNode url="Administration/Home" title="Administration" description="" > ... it seems that security trimming does not work: The menu item is visible for all users. (Access to the page is still restricted though, so selecting the menu item by non-Admin users does not navigate to the restricted page.) Question: Is there any setting I've missed so far to make security trimming working with URL routing in ASP.NET 4.0 Web Forms? Did I do something wrong? Is there any work-around? Thank you for help!

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  • jQuery event handling with .live() problem with setInterval and clearInterval

    - by Kyle Lafkoff
    jQuery 1.4.2: I have an image. When the mouseover event is triggered, a function is executed that runs a loop to load several images. On the contrary, the mouseout event needs to set the image back to a predetermined image and no longer have the loop executing. These are only for the images with class "thumb": $("img.thumb").live("mouseover mouseout", function(event) { var foo = $(this).attr('id'); var wait; var i=0; var image = document.getElementById(foo); if (event.type == 'mouseover') { function incrementimage() { i++; image.src = 'http://example.com/images/file_'+i+'.jpg'; if(i==30) {i=0;} } wait = setInterval(incrementimage,500); } else if (event.type == 'mouseout') { clearInterval (wait); image.src = 'http://example.com/images/default.jpg'; } return false; }); When I mouseout, the image is set to the default.jpg but the browser continues to loop though the images. It will never stop. Can someone hit me with some knowledge? Thanks.

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  • how to retrive pK using spring security

    - by aditya
    i implement this method of the UserDetailService interface, public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(final String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException { final EmailCredential userDetails = persistentEmailCredential .getUniqueEmailCredential(username); if (userDetails == null) { throw new UsernameNotFoundException(username + "is not registered"); } final HashSet<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new HashSet<GrantedAuthority>(); authorities.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_USER")); for (UserRole role:userDetails.getAccount().getRoles()) { authorities.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(role.getRole())); } return new User(userDetails.getEmailAddress(), userDetails .getPassword(), true, true, true, true, authorities); } in the security context i do some thing like this <!-- Login Info --> <form-login default-target-url='/dashboard.htm' login-page="/login.htm" authentication-failure-url="/login.htm?authfailed=true" always-use-default-target='false' /> <logout logout-success-url="/login.htm" invalidate-session="true" /> <remember-me user-service-ref="emailAccountService" key="fuellingsport" /> <session-management> <concurrency-control max-sessions="1" /> </session-management> </http> now i want to pop out the Pk of the logged in user, how can i show it in my jsp pages, any idea thanks in advance

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  • How to develop JSP/Servlets Web App using MVC pattern?

    - by A.S al-shammari
    I'm developing a JSP/Servlets web app (no frameworks). I want to use MVC pattern. I designed my project like this : Controller :a servlet that reads a request, extracts the values,communicates with model objects and gives information to a JSP page. View : JSP Pages. Model : Java Classes / Java Beans .. etc . The problem : Index.jsp is the starting point (default page) in my web site. So, the Index.jsp becomes the controller to parse the request! .For example , the following request : index.jsp?section=article&id=10 parsed in index.jsp as following : <div class="midcol"> <!-- Which section? --> <%String fileName = request.getParameter("section"); if (fileName == null) { fileName = "WEB-INF/jspf/frontpage.jsp"; } else { fileName = "WEB-INF/jspf/" + fileName + ".jsp"; } %> <jsp:include page='<%= fileName%>' /> </div> Here, I can't force the servlet to be a controller .. because the index.jsp is the controller here since it's the starting point! Is there any solution to forward the request from index.jsp to the servlet and then go back to index.jsp ? Or any solution that achieves the MVC goal - the servlet should be the controller - ? I'm thinking of making a FrontPageController servlet as default page instead of index.jsp ! but I don't know if it's a perfect idea ?!

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  • Pinyin Character entry on a touchscreen keyboard

    - by mmr
    The app I'm developing requires that it be deployed in China, which means that it needs to have Pinyin and Chinese character handling. I'm told that the way that our customers handle character entry is like so: Enter in the pinyin character, like 'zhang' As they enter the characters, a list of possible Chinese (Mandarin?) characters are presented to the user, like: The user will then select '1' to enter the family name that is roughly translated to 'zhang' How can I hook such programs (I believe one is called 'mspy.exe', from Microsoft, which I'm lead to believe comes with Microsoft versions of XP) into a WPF text box? Right now, the user can enter text either by using their keyboard or by using an on-screen keyboard, so I will probably need to capture the event of a keypress from either source and feed it to some OS event or to MSPY.exe or some similar program. Or is there some other way to enter pinyin and have it converted to Mandarin? Is there a program other than MSPY I should look at? EDIT: For those of you who think that this should 'just work', it does not. Chinese character entry will work just fine if entering text into notepad or the start-run menu or whatever, but it will not work in WPF. That's the key to this question: how do I enable WPF entry? There's the Google Pinyin and Sogou pinyin, but the websites are in Mandarin or Chinese or something similar and I don't read the language.

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  • Alright, I'm still stuck on this homework problem. C++

    - by Josh
    Okay, the past few days I have been trying to get some input on my programs. Well I decided to scrap them for the most part and try again. So once again, I'm in need of help. For the first program I'm trying to fix, it needs to show the sum of SEVEN numbers. Well, I'm trying to change is so that I don't need the mem[##] = ####. I just want the user to be able to input the numbers and the program run from there and go through my switch loop. And have some kind of display..saying like the sum is?.. Here's my code so far. #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <ios> using namespace std; int main() { const int READ = 10; const int WRITE = 11; const int LOAD = 20; const int STORE = 21; const int ADD = 30; const int SUBTRACT = 31; const int DIVIDE = 32; const int MULTIPLY = 33; const int BRANCH = 40; const int BRANCHNEG = 41; const int BRANCHZERO = 42; const int HALT = 43; int mem[100] = {0}; //Making it 100, since simpletron contains a 100 word mem. int operation; //taking the rest of these variables straight out of the book seeing as how they were italisized. int operand; int accum = 0; // the special register is starting at 0 int counter; for ( counter=0; counter < 100; counter++) mem[counter] = 0; // This is for part a, it will take in positive variables in //a sent-controlled loop and compute + print their sum. Variables from example in text. mem[0] = 1009; mem[1] = 1109; mem[2] = 2010; mem[3] = 2111; mem[4] = 2011; mem[5] = 3100; mem[6] = 2113; mem[7] = 1113; mem[8] = 4300; counter = 0; //Makes the variable counter start at 0. while(true) { operand = mem[ counter ]%100; // Finds the op codes from the limit on the mem (100) operation = mem[ counter ]/100; //using a switch loop to set up the loops for the cases switch ( operation ){ case READ: //reads a variable into a word from loc. Enter in -1 to exit cout <<"\n Input a positive variable: "; cin >> mem[ operand ]; counter++; break; case WRITE: // takes a word from location cout << "\n\nThe content at location " << operand << " is " << mem[operand]; counter++; break; case LOAD:// loads accum = mem[ operand ];counter++; break; case STORE: //stores mem[ operand ] = accum;counter++; break; case ADD: //adds accum += mem[operand];counter++; break; case SUBTRACT: // subtracts accum-= mem[ operand ];counter++; break; case DIVIDE: //divides accum /=(mem[ operand ]);counter++; break; case MULTIPLY: // multiplies accum*= mem [ operand ];counter++; break; case BRANCH: // Branches to location counter = operand; break; case BRANCHNEG: //branches if acc. is < 0 if (accum < 0) counter = operand; else counter++; break; case BRANCHZERO: //branches if acc = 0 if (accum == 0) counter = operand; else counter++; break; case HALT: // Program ends break; } } return 0; } part B int main() { const int READ = 10; const int WRITE = 11; const int LOAD = 20; const int STORE = 21; const int ADD = 30; const int SUBTRACT = 31; const int DIVIDE = 32; const int MULTIPLY = 33; const int BRANCH = 40; const int BRANCHNEG = 41; const int BRANCHZERO = 41; const int HALT = 43; int mem[100] = {0}; int operation; int operand; int accum = 0; int pos = 0; int j; mem[22] = 7; // loop 7 times mem[25] = 1; // increment by 1 mem[00] = 4306; mem[01] = 2303; mem[02] = 3402; mem[03] = 6410; mem[04] = 3412; mem[05] = 2111; mem[06] = 2002; mem[07] = 2312; mem[08] = 4210; mem[09] = 2109; mem[10] = 4001; mem[11] = 2015; mem[12] = 3212; mem[13] = 2116; mem[14] = 1101; mem[15] = 1116; mem[16] = 4300; j = 0; while ( true ) { operand = memory[ j ]%100; // Finds the op codes from the limit on the memory (100) operation = memory[ j ]/100; //using a switch loop to set up the loops for the cases switch ( operation ){ case 1: //reads a variable into a word from loc. Enter in -1 to exit cout <<"\n enter #: "; cin >> memory[ operand ]; break; case 2: // takes a word from location cout << "\n\nThe content at location " << operand << "is " << memory[operand]; break; case 3:// loads accum = memory[ operand ]; break; case 4: //stores memory[ operand ] = accum; break; case 5: //adds accum += mem[operand];; break; case 6: // subtracts accum-= memory[ operand ]; break; case 7: //divides accum /=(memory[ operand ]); break; case 8: // multiplies accum*= memory [ operand ]; break; case 9: // Branches to location j = operand; break; case 10: //branches if acc. is < 0 break; case 11: //branches if acc = 0 if (accum == 0) j = operand; break; case 12: // Program ends exit(0); break; } j++; } return 0; }

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  • ANTLR Tree Grammar and StringTemplate Code Translation

    - by Behrooz Nobakht
    I am working on a code translation project with a sample ANTLR tree grammar as: start: ^(PROGRAM declaration+) -> program_decl_tmpl(); declaration: class_decl | interface_decl; class_decl: ^(CLASS ^(ID CLASS_IDENTIFIER)) -> class_decl_tmpl(cid={$CLASS_IDENTIFIER.text}); The group template file for it looks like: group My; program_decl_tmpl() ::= << *WHAT?* >> class_decl_tmpl(cid) ::= << public class <cid> {} >> Based on this, I have these questions: Everything works fine apart from that what I should express in WHAT? to say that a program is simply a list of class declarations to get the final generated output? Is this approach averagely suitable for not so a high-level language? I have also studied ANTLR Code Translation with String Templates, but it seems that this approach takes much advantage of interleaving code in tree grammar. Is it also possible to do it as much as possible just in String Templates?

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  • Fastest way to generate delimited string from 1d numpy array

    - by Abiel
    I have a program which needs to turn many large one-dimensional numpy arrays of floats into delimited strings. I am finding this operation quite slow relative to the mathematical operations in my program and am wondering if there is a way to speed it up. For example, consider the following loop, which takes 100,000 random numbers in a numpy array and joins each array into a comma-delimited string. import numpy as np x = np.random.randn(100000) for i in range(100): ",".join(map(str, x)) This loop takes about 20 seconds to complete (total, not each cycle). In contrast, consider that 100 cycles of something like elementwise multiplication (x*x) would take than one 1/10 of a second to complete. Clearly the string join operation creates a large performance bottleneck; in my actual application it will dominate total runtime. This makes me wonder, is there a faster way than ",".join(map(str, x))? Since map() is where almost all the processing time occurs, this comes down to the question of whether there a faster to way convert a very large number of numbers to strings.

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  • DSA signature verification input

    - by calccrypto
    What is the data inputted into DSA when PGP signs a message? From RFC4880, i found A Signature packet describes a binding between some public key and some data. The most common signatures are a signature of a file or a block of text, and a signature that is a certification of a User ID. im not sure if it is the entire public key, just the public key packet, or some other derivative of a pgp key packet. whatever it is, i cannot get the DSA signature to verify here is a sample im testing my program on: -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA1 abcd -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: BCPG v1.39 iFkEARECABkFAk0z65ESHGFiYyAodGVzdCBrZXkpIDw+AAoJEC3Jkh8+bnkusO0A oKG+HPF2Qrsth2zS9pK+eSCBSypOAKDBgC2Z0vf2EgLiiNMk8Bxpq68NkQ== =gq0e -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- Dumped from pgpdump.net Old: Signature Packet(tag 2)(89 bytes) Ver 4 - new Sig type - Signature of a canonical text document(0x01). Pub alg - DSA Digital Signature Algorithm(pub 17) Hash alg - SHA1(hash 2) Hashed Sub: signature creation time(sub 2)(4 bytes) Time - Mon Jan 17 07:11:13 UTC 2011 Hashed Sub: signer's User ID(sub 28)(17 bytes) User ID - abc (test key) <> Sub: issuer key ID(sub 16)(8 bytes) Key ID - 0x2DC9921F3E6E792E Hash left 2 bytes - b0 ed DSA r(160 bits) - a1 be 1c f1 76 42 bb 2d 87 6c d2 f6 92 be 79 20 81 4b 2a 4e DSA s(160 bits) - c1 80 2d 99 d2 f7 f6 12 02 e2 88 d3 24 f0 1c 69 ab af 0d 91 -> hash(DSA q bits) and the public key for it is: -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- Version: BCPG v1.39 mOIETTPqeBECALx+i9PIc4MB2DYXeqsWUav2cUtMU1N0inmFHSF/2x0d9IWEpVzE kRc30PvmEHI1faQit7NepnHkkphrXLAoZukAoNP3PB8NRQ6lRF6/6e8siUgJtmPL Af9IZOv4PI51gg6ICLKzNO9i3bcUx4yeG2vjMOUAvsLkhSTWob0RxWppo6Pn6MOg dMQHIM5sDH0xGN0dOezzt/imAf9St2B0HQXVfAAbveXBeRoO7jj/qcGx6hWmsKUr BVzdQhBk7Sku6C2KlMtkbtzd1fj8DtnrT8XOPKGp7/Y7ASzRtBFhYmMgKHRlc3Qg a2V5KSA8PohGBBMRAgAGBQJNM+p5AAoJEC3Jkh8+bnkuNEoAnj2QnqGtdlTgUXCQ Fyvwk5wiLGPfAJ4jTGTL62nWzsgrCDIMIfEG2shm8bjMBE0z6ngQAgCUlP7AlfO4 XuKGVCs4NvyBpd0KA0m0wjndOHRNSIz44x24vLfTO0GrueWjPMqRRLHO8zLJS/BX O/BHo6ypjN87Af0VPV1hcq20MEW2iujh3hBwthNwBWhtKdPXOndJGZaB7lshLJuW v9z6WyDNXj/SBEiV1gnPm0ELeg8Syhy5pCjMAgCFEc+NkCzcUOJkVpgLpk+VLwrJ /Wi9q+yCihaJ4EEFt/7vzqmrooXWz2vMugD1C+llN6HkCHTnuMH07/E/2dzciEYE GBECAAYFAk0z6nkACgkQLcmSHz5ueS7NTwCdED1P9NhgR2LqwyS+AEyqlQ0d5joA oK9xPUzjg4FlB+1QTHoOhuokxxyN =CTgL -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- the public key packet of the key is mOIETTPqeBECALx+i9PIc4MB2DYXeqsWUav2cUtMU1N0inmFHSF/2x0d9IWEpVzEkRc30PvmEHI1faQi t7NepnHkkphrXLAoZukAoNP3PB8NRQ6lRF6/6e8siUgJtmPLAf9IZOv4PI51gg6ICLKzNO9i3bcUx4ye G2vjMOUAvsLkhSTWob0RxWppo6Pn6MOgdMQHIM5sDH0xGN0dOezzt/imAf9St2B0HQXVfAAbveXBeRoO 7jj/qcGx6hWmsKUrBVzdQhBk7Sku6C2KlMtkbtzd1fj8DtnrT8XOPKGp7/Y7ASzR in radix 64 i have tried many different combinations of sha1(< some data + 'abcd'),but the calculated value v never equals r, of the signature i know that the pgp implementation i used to create the key and signature is correct. i also know that my DSA implementation and PGP key data extraction program are correct. thus, the only thing left is the data to hash. what is the correct data to be hashed?

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  • Calling a method on an unitialized object (null pointer)

    - by Florin
    What is the normal behavior in Objective-C if you call a method on an object (pointer) that is nil (maybe because someone forgot to initialize it)? Shouldn't it generate some kind of an error (segmentation fault, null pointer exception...)? If this is normal behavior, is there a way of changing this behavior (by configuring the compiler) so that the program raises some kind of error / exception at runtime? To make it more clear what I am talking about, here's an example. Having this class: @interface Person : NSObject { NSString *name; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSString *name; - (void)sayHi; @end with this implementation: @implementation Person @synthesize name; - (void)dealloc { [name release]; [super dealloc]; } - (void)sayHi { NSLog(@"Hello"); NSLog(@"My name is %@.", name); } @end Somewhere in the program I do this: Person *person = nil; //person = [[Person alloc] init]; // let's say I comment this line person.name = @"Mike"; // shouldn't I get an error here? [person sayHi]; // and here [person release]; // and here

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  • Calling unmanaged code from within C#

    - by Charles Gargent
    I am trying to use a dll in my c# program but I just cant seem to get it to work. I have made a test app shown below. The return value is 0, however it does not actually do what it is supposed to do. Whereas the following command does work: rundll32 cmproxy.dll,SetProxy /source_filename proxy-1.txt /backup_filename roxy.bak /DialRasEntry NULL /TunnelRasEntry DSLVPN /Profile "C:\Documents and ettings\Administrator\Application Data\Microsoft\Network\Connections\Cm\dslvpn.cmp" Code: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Net; using WUApiLib; namespace nac { class Program { [DllImport("cmproxy.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] static extern int SetProxy(string cmdLine); static void Main(string[] args) { string cmdLine = @"/source_filename proxy-1.txt /backup_filename proxy.bak /DialRasEntry NULL /TunnelRasEntry DSLVPN /Profile ""C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Application Data\Microsoft\Network\Connections\Cm\dslvpn.cmp"""; Console.WriteLine(SetProxy(cmdLine)); } } } Here is the contents of the dumpbin /exports command File Type: DLL Section contains the following exports for cmproxy.dll 00000000 characteristics 3E7FEF8C time date stamp Tue Mar 25 05:56:28 2003 0.00 version 1 ordinal base 1 number of functions 1 number of names ordinal hint RVA name 1 0 00001B68 SetProxy Summary 1000 .data 1000 .reloc 1000 .rsrc 2000 .text When this works it sets the proxy server for a VPN connection.

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  • How to recursive rake? -- or suitable alternatives

    - by TerryP
    I want my projects top level Rakefile to build things using rakefiles deeper in the tree; i.e. the top level rakefile says how to build the project (big picture) and the lower level ones build a specific module (local picture). There is of course a shared set of configuration for the minute details of doing that whenever it can be shared between tasks: so it is mostly about keeping the descriptions of what needs building, as close to the sources being built. E.g. /Source/Module/code.foo and cie should be built using the instructions in /Source/Module/Rakefile; and /Rakefile understands the dependencies between modules. I don't care if it uses multiple rake processes (ala recursive make), or just creates separate build environments. Either way it should be self-containable enough to be processed by a queue: so that non-dependent modules could be built simultaneously. The problem is, how the heck do you actually do something like that with Rake!? I haven't been able to find anything meaningful on the Internet, nor in the documentation. I tried creating a new Rake::Application object and setting it up, but whatever methods I try invoking, only exceptions or "Don't know how to build task ':default'" errors get thrown. (Yes, all rakefiles have a :default). Obviously one could just execute 'rake' in a sub directory for a :modulename task, but that would ditch the options given to the top level; e.g. think of $(MAKE) and $(MAKEFLAGS). Anyone have a clue on how to properly do something like a recursive rake?

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  • Error while opening port in Java

    - by Deepak
    I am getting the following error while trying to open the cash drawer. Error loading win32com: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_15\jre\bin\win32com.dll: Can't load IA 32-bit .dll on a AMD 64-bit platform The code i am using is as follows `import javax.comm.; import java.util.; /** Check each port to see if it is open. **/ public class openPort { public static void main (String [] args) { Enumeration port_list = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers (); while (port_list.hasMoreElements ()) { // Get the list of ports CommPortIdentifier port_id = (CommPortIdentifier) port_list.nextElement (); // Find each ports type and name if (port_id.getPortType () == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL) { System.out.println ("Serial port: " + port_id.getName ()); } else if (port_id.getPortType () == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_PARALLEL) { System.out.println ("Parallel port: " + port_id.getName ()); } else System.out.println ("Other port: " + port_id.getName ()); // Attempt to open it try { CommPort port = port_id.open ("PortListOpen",20); System.out.println (" Opened successfully"); port.close (); } catch (PortInUseException pe) { System.out.println (" Open failed"); String owner_name = port_id.getCurrentOwner (); if (owner_name == null) System.out.println (" Port Owned by unidentified app"); else // The owner name not returned correctly unless it is // a Java program. System.out.println (" " + owner_name); } } } //main } // PortListOpen`

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