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  • How to line up columns using paste(1)? or how to make an aligned table merging lines in the shell?

    - by nn
    Hi, I want to merge lines such that the merged lines are aligned on the same boundary. UNIX paste(1) does this nicely when lines all meet at the same tab boundary, but when lines differ in size (in the file that lines are being merged into), the text comes out awkward. Example of paste(1) that has the desired effect: $ echo -e "a\nb\nccc\nd" | paste - - a b ccc d Example of paste(1) with undesired effect: $ echo -e "a\nb\ncccccccccccc\nd" | paste - - a b cccccccccccc d Note how the 2nd column doesn't line up. I want 'b' to line up with 'd', which requires an additional tab. Unfortunately I believe this is the limit for the paste utility, so if anyone has any idea of how to get the desired effect above, I'd love to hear it.

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  • Interacts with dialog/whiptail on early boot rcX.d stage?

    - by nm
    Hi buddies, I'm developing on Ubuntu based, actually I got one script in-charged on GUI(console) setup. It runs before another scripts (rcX.d) start. Currently, I installed this script on rc2.d and start earlier than other ones. But when run on real machine, I can't input any keystroke on "dialog --inputbox" or whiptail through shell script. Additionally, It runs well on my Virtual Machine (Virtual Box and Vmware), that's so strange! So, does anybody give some help or point me any clues for overcome this ? Thanks

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  • TERM environment variable not set

    - by rahkarp
    I'm using python to develop an app and want to view running processes.The code txt = commands.getoutput("top -d 1") print txt gives an error "TERM Environment Variable not set" Can someone tell me what this means and how to solve this

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  • What is the Effect of Declaring 'extern "C"' in the Header to a C++ Shared Library?

    - by Adam
    Based on this question I understand the purpose of the construct in linking C libraries with C++ code. Now suppose the following: I have a '.so' shared library compiled with a C++ compiler. The header has a 'typedef stuct' and a number of function declarations. If the header includes the extern "C" declaration... #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif // typedef struct ...; // function decls #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif ... what is the effect? Specifically I'm wondering if there are any detrimental side effects of that declaration since the shared library is compiled as C++, not C. Is there any reason to have the extern "C" declaration in this case?

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  • measure the response time of a link

    - by Ahoura Ghotbi
    I am trying to create a simple load balance script and I was wondering if it is possible to find the response time of a server live? By that I mean is it possible to measure how long it takes for a server to respond after the request has been sent out? What I am trying to do is fairly simple, I want to send a request to a link/server and do a count down, if the server took more than 5 seconds to reply, I would like to fall on the backup server. Note that it doesnt have to be in pure php, I wouldnt mind using other languages such as javascript, C/C++, asp, but I prefer to do it in PHP. if it is possible to do the task, could you just point me to the right direction so I can read up on it. Clarification What I want to do is not to download a file and see how long it took, my servers have high load and it takes a while for them to respond when you click on a file to download, what I want to do is to measure the time it takes the server to respond (in this situation, its the time it takes the server to respond and allow the user to download the file), and if it takes longer than x seconds, it should fall back on a backup server.

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  • Importing a Mercurial repository automatically (e.g. SVN Externals)

    - by dawmail333
    I have a project that I am developing built off CodeIgniter. The main part of the project is a private system I am creating, but I want to add it to source control, to gain all the associated goodies. Now I'm using Mercurial, so I did the whole hg init bit, so I've got the repository set up. Now, one of the things I've done is to make a library for CodeIgniter, which I use in this project. Now I want to make this library open, so I need a separate repo for that. For anyone unfamiliar with CodeIgniter library development, here's a reference: application /config <- configuration files /libraries <- library logic in here Now I will probably develop a few more libraries in the course of this project, so I can't just dump a repo in the application folder without clumping them all together. What I did was this: dev/ci/library <- library here dev/project <- project here Now in both of those folders, I have made a repository. What I want to do is make the project repository automatically reference the library repository, so I can have a private and a public repository, as I explained earlier. The main way to do this, I have read, is to use subrepositories, but I can only find examples on nested ones (which are unclear anyway, I find). How do I make it reference another repository like svn:externals?

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  • Memory Management with returning char* function

    - by RageD
    Hello all, Today, without much thought, I wrote a simple function return to a char* based on a switch statement of given enum values. This, however, made me wonder how I could release that memory. What I did was something like this: char* func() { char* retval = new char; // Switch blah blah - will always return some value other than NULL since default: return retval; } I apologize if this is a naive question, but what is the best way to release the memory seeing as I cannot delete the memory after the return and, obviously, if I delete it before, I won't have a returned value. What I was thinking as a viable solution was something like this void func(char*& in) { // blah blah switch make it do something } int main() { char* val = new char; func(val); // Do whatever with func (normally func within a data structure with specific enum set so could run multiple times to change output) val = NULL; delete val; val = NULL; return 0; } Would anyone have anymore insight on this and/or explanation on which to use? Regards, Dennis M.

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  • Random password variable disappears

    - by snaken
    Hi, I'm using the following to generate a random password in a shell script: DBPASS=</dev/urandom tr -dc A-Za-z0-9| (head -c $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || head -c 8) When i run this in a file on its own like this: #!/bin/sh DBPASS=</dev/urandom tr -dc A-Za-z0-9| (head -c $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || head -c 8) echo $DBPASS A password is echoed. When i incorporate it into a larger script though the variable never seems to get created for some reason, so for example this doesn't work: DBPASS=</dev/urandom tr -dc A-Za-z0-9| (head -c $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || head -c 8) sed -i s/oldpass/$DBPASS/ mysql_connect.php If i manually set the variable though everything is fine.. can anyone see why?

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  • Will Emacs --batch run in cron will hang when require user input?

    - by J Spen
    I have a job in crontab that requires emacs --batch but if the file is currently open it requests (s, p, q) to (steal, quit, etc...) which is fine if this file is being edited to not run the script but I want to make sure it kills the cron running script so it's not sitting in the background taking up memory. I have the output set to go to a log file so I can see this happening but no way to tell whether the script was terminated even though asked for user input. Does cron terminate these scripts and how to check the PID to make sure?

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  • how to make this "action-packed, random data" being echoed in a terminal?

    - by RiMMER
    OK, this isn't really a question to achieve anything practical, but still it is a serious question and I hope it will be taken seriously and mods won't punish me for this :) I'm sure majority of you have seen some good action movie, where CIA or FBI or hackers or any other "pc nerds" are "retrieving some information" and when they actually show their screens/monitors/desktops, there is a lot of random data being displayed and it's just so thrilling :D So, we're shooting a movie and I need to reconstruct such a scene. My OS is ubuntu 10.10. I think i've read somewhere on the internet once that shell can actually be recorded and then played back, but I'm not sure how it worked. If there's anyone who could come up with a solution, it would be so cool! Let's make this fun, shall we?

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  • Why does my Perl TCP server script hang with many TCP connections?

    - by viraptor
    I've got a strange issue with a server accepting TCP connections. Even though there are normally some processes waiting, at some volume of connections it hangs. Long version: The server is written in Perl and binds a $srv socket with the reuse flag and listen == 5. Afterwards, it forks into 10 processes with a loop of $clt=$srv->accept(); do_processing($clt); $clt->shutdown(2); The client written in C is also very simple - it sends some lines, then receives all lines available and does a shutdown(sockfd, 2); There's nothing async going on and at the end both send and receive queues are empty (as reported by netstat). Connections last only ~20ms. All clients behave the same way, are the same implementation, etc. Now let's say I'm accepting X connections from client 1 and another X from client 2. Processes still report that they're idle all the time. If I add another X connections from client 3, suddenly the server processes start hanging just after accepting. The first blocking thing they do after accept(); is while (<$clt>) ... - but they don't get any data (on the first try already). Suddenly all 10 processes are in this state and do not stop waiting. On strace, the server processes seem to hang on read(), which makes sense. There are loads of connections in TIME_WAIT state belonging to that server (~100 when the problem starts to manifest), but this might be a red herring. What could be happening here?

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  • C++ class functions calling fortran subroutine

    - by user2863626
    Okay so I am trying to make my code work. It is a simple C++ program with a class "CArray". This class has 2 properties, the array size, and the value. I want the main C++ program to create two instances of the class CArray. In the class CArray, I have a function called "AddArray( CArray )" where it adds another array to the current array. The problem I am stuck with, is that I want the function "AddArray" to add the two arrays in fortran. I know, much more complicated, but that is what I need. I am having issues with linking the two inside the class code. #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CArray { public: CArray(); ~CArray(); int Size; int* Val; void SetSize( int ); void SetValues(); void GetArray(); extern "C" { void Add( int*, int*, int*, int*); void Subtract( int*, int*, int*, int*); void Muliply( int*, int*, int *, int* ); } void AddArray( CArray ); void SubtractArray( CArray ); void MultiplyArray( CArray ); }; Also here is the CArray function file. #include "Array.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; CArray::CArray() { } CArray::~CArray() { } void CArray::SetSize( int s ) { Size = s; for ( int i=0; i<s; i++ ) { Val = new int[Size]; } } void CArray::SetValues() { for ( int i=0; i<Size; i++ ) { cout << "Element " << i+1 << ": "; cin >> Val[i]; } } void CArray::GetArray() { for ( int i=0; i<Size; i++ ) { cout << Val[i] << " "; } } void CArray::AddArray( CArray a ) { if ( Size == a.Size ) { Add(&Val, &a.Val); } else { cout << "Array dimensions do not agree!" << endl; } } void CArray::SubtractArray( CArray a ) { Subtract( &Val, &a, &Size, &a.Size); GetArray(); } Here is my Fortran code. module SubtractArrays use ico_c_binding implicit none contains subroutine Subtract(a,b,s1,s2) bind(c,name='Subtract') integer s1,s2 integer a(s1),b(s2) if ( s1.eq.s2 ) do i=1,s1 a(i) = a(i) - b(i) end return end end If someone could just help me with setting me up to send arrays of integers from C++ classes to fortran I would greatly appreciate it! Thank you, Josh Derrick

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  • Kernel dealing with the section headers in an ELF

    - by uki
    I recently read that the kernel and the dynamic loader mostly deal with the program header tables in an ELF file and that assemblers, compilers and linkers deal with the section header tables. The number of program header tables and section header tables are mentioned in the ELF header in fields named e_phnum and e_shnum respectively. e_phnum is two bytes in size, so if the number of program headers is 65535, we use a scheme known as extended numbering where, e_phnum is set to 0xffff and sh_link field of the zeroth section header table holds the actual count. My doubt is : If the count of program headers exceeds 65535, does that mean the kernel and/or the dynamic loader end up having to read the section table?

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  • how to delete a line from file using awk filtered by some string

    - by embedded
    I have a file delimited by space. I need to write an awk command that receives a host name argument and it should replace the host name if it already defined in the file. It must be a full match not partially - if the file contains this host name: localhost searching for "ho" will fail and it will be added to the end of the file. another option is a delete: again awk receives host name argument and it should remove it from the file if exists. This is what I have so far: (It needs some enhancements) if [ "$DELETE_FLAG" == "" ]; then # In this case the entry should be added or updated # if clause deals with updating an existing entry # END clause deals with adding a new entry awk -F"[ ]" "BEGIN { found = 0;} \ { \ if ($2 == $HOST_NAME) { \ print \"$IP_ADDRESS $HOST_NAME\"; \ found = 1; \ } else { \ print \$0; \ } \ } \ END { \ if (found == 0) { \ print \"$IP_ADDRESS $HOST_NAME\"; } \ } " \ /etc/hosts > /etc/temp_hosts else # Delete an existing entry awk -F'[ ]' '{if($2 != $HOST_NAME) { print $0} }' /etc/hosts > /etc/temp_hosts fi Thanks

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  • Bash command that prints a message on stderr

    - by Salman A
    I want to know if there is a built-in BASH command that prints some text on stderr, just like the echo command that prints text on stdout. I don't want to use temporary io-redirection. I use a built-in command to generate an error on stderr such as ls --asdf (ls: unrecognized option '--asdf') but I want something neater,

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