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  • refactor this javascript code

    - by nathanvda
    I have two click-events, that are nearly similar, but not quite. I am wondering how to refactor them best: $('.remove_fields.dynamic').live('click', function(e) { var $this = $(this); var after_removal_trigger_node = $this.closest(".nested-fields").parent(); trigger_removal_callback($this); e.preventDefault(); $this.closest(".nested-fields").remove(); trigger_after_removal_callback(after_removal_trigger_node); }); $('.remove_fields.existing').live('click', function(e) { var $this = $(this); var after_removal_trigger_node = $this.closest(".nested-fields").parent(); trigger_removal_callback($this); e.preventDefault(); $this.prev("input[type=hidden]").val("1"); $this.closest(".nested-fields").hide(); trigger_after_removal_callback(after_removal_trigger_node); }); As you can tell there is a fair bit of overlap. I am wondering what the best/nicest way would be to refactor this code.

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  • Oracle LogMiner (Unsupported Operation)

    - by Sarith
    Hi all, I'm currently using Oracle 11g on RHEL5. I'm digging to see what are in the archived log files. After I query from v$logmnr_contents, I see many transactions of UNSUPPORTED operation. What do these unsupported transactions mean? I think that it's the cause that make my database generates lots of archived logs. Moreover, I'm using global temporary table for generating reports. I discover that when I insert and delete from those temporary table, it also records in the archived log file. How to do to reduce those recorded transactions? Regards, Sarith

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  • Excel - Linking multiple source spreadsheets with variable amounts of rows to a destination spreadsh

    - by Emilio
    I have multiple source spreadsheets, each with a variable number of rows. An example might be one spreadsheet per bank account, with one row for each transaction, with a date and amount. One spreadsheet might have 30 rows, the other 50, and so on. I want to create another spreadsheet which links to the various source spreadsheets and lists an aggregate of all transactions from all sources. So if 3 source sheets with 30, 50 and 20 rows respectively, the destination sheet would have 100 rows. The number of rows (transactions) in the source sheets can grow or shrink over time. I'd like the destination sheet to show one contiguous list of transactions without gaps (spaces). How can I do this?

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  • Is it safe to Update and/or Insert records into an accounting software's database? (Pastel Evolution)

    - by user1020317
    Our CRM system can post transactions to our accounts software (Pastel Evolution), but it doesn't perform the required currency conversion. Both systems have different "base" currencies (because of our location), so the figure thats sent to Pastel evolution is right, but it is reflected in the wrong currency. The CRM uses an ODBC connection to post figures to Evolution. I can make a tool which sits between the two systems which can update and/or insert the transactions into Pastel, by mimicking what the CRM would have done if it was doing the POST. Is it safe for me to mimic and/or update these transactions directly in the Pastel database? Is it common for important validation to be performed in the ODBC layer, and if so, can I tap into an applications ODBC, or is there a custom driver built by the CRM to communicate with the DB?

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  • SOA &amp; Application Grid Specialization &ndash; 6 steps to success &ndash; part 1 OMM

    - by Jürgen Kress
    SOA Specialization – Oracle Open Market Model (OMM) Dear Application Grid SOA Partners, Or goal is to SOA Specialize you, in the next weeks we will inform you in a series how you can achieve SOA Specialization. Specialization is key the be recognized by Oracle and to be preferred by our Customers. The first step to become SOA Specialized is to proof 2 transactions. You can either resell, co-sell or referral – as a proof point we do use our Open Market Model (OMM). To create your account go to our new Partner Portal: go to login of your OPN-Homepage: http://oraclepartnernetwork.oracle.com click on: "Sales" "Create a PRM User Account" Enter your User ID: Enter Company Identifier: ((please ask your OPN IC)) Finish Wait for a Confirmation Email If you need OMM support please contact out dedicated team: Nordics  please ask: [email protected] Portugal, Spain please ask: [email protected] Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom please ask: [email protected] For more information about OMM watch our on-demand webcast “Recognising the Value of Partners: Register Oracle Deals through the Open Market Model (OMM)”. Become SOA Specialized today SOA Specialized & Application Grid Specialized Create your references, create your OMM Entry, take the SOA Sales assessment, take the SOA Pre-Sales assessment, take the Support assessment and register for the SOA Implementation assessment. For more information on Specialization please visit our OPN Specialized Webcast Series To get support on Specialization please contact the Partner Business Centers.   SOA Specialized Application Grid Specialized Proof 2 transactions with OMM Proof 2 transactions with OMM Create your 2 references Create your 2 references SOA Sales assessment 3, Oracle Application Grid Sales Specialist  SOA Pre-Sales assessment 3 Oracle Application Grid PreSales Specialist Support assessment 1 Support assessment 2 SOA Implementation assessment 4 Application Grid Implementation assessment 4

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  • Help Creating a Google Analytics Funnel for Check out process

    - by Drew
    have a funnel question. I am currently working on tracking (through GA) guest and logged in member activity once they get to my sites shopping cart. But need help with setting up funnels. Specifically to see; Total sales Logged in member total sales List item Guest member sales The urls associated to the check out proces are: Logged in members /cart (arriving to checkout) /checkout (checking out as a logged in member) /checkout/confirmation (thank you - confirmed sale) Guest members - /cart (arriving to checkout) - /checkout-guest (checking out as a guest) - /checkout/confirmation (thanks you - confirmed sale) I've tested the funnels set up for the above with 9 transactions. But the end maths doesn't seem to line up. Total sales funnel shows 9 completed transactions when only tracking these to urls: - /cart - /checkout/confirmation Which is great - cause it's working Logged in member sales show a total of 9 completed transactions based on each step of the logged in url steps (above) being tracked in a funnel. Not good because this number should be 3. Guest check out funnel (see guest steps above) shows 9 as well. What the?!?!?!? The results I am looking for should reflect the following - total sales = 9, logged in members = 3, guest members = 6 Is there any way to set these urls up so that the funnels report the correct results - or do I need to changed the urls and provide logged in members and guest stand alone purchase confirmation pages (this would mean I can not track total sales which combine results from both streams)? Any knowledge in this area is welcome. Thanks.

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  • How should we deal with multiple transaction-report requests?

    - by Mithir
    We are developing a system for the retail market which one of it's features will enable clients(actually consumer clubs) to go through all transactions made by end-clients. One of the ways to get this information will be via an API. The idea is that there will be requests for reports with a start date and an end date, and a response will have all the transactions between those dates. We are worry that some reports may be very large, and that some clients will repeatedly request for reports, in this case the DB and CPU will be very overloaded. The same server that will service those requests, also takes care the the actual retail transactions (received by proprietary devices) and a Web application. We are not sure about how to limit the report requests from the API so that it won't affect the system too much. So, how should we deal with this scenario? any thoughts? EDIT: just to make clear: When I mentioned proprietary devices I meant "On-Location" devices which are used during sales with end-clients, this means that these requests shouldn't get delayed, and this is the main concern.

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  • Triggers, Service Broker, CDC or Change Tracking?

    - by Derek D.
    When one trigger inserts into a table and that table also contains a trigger, this is a “nested trigger”. The reason that nested triggers are a concern is because the first call that performs the initial insert does not return until the last trigger in sequence is complete. In trying to circumvent this [...]

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  • How can a code editor effectively hint at code nesting level - without using indentation?

    - by pgfearo
    I've written an XML text editor that provides 2 view options for the same XML text, one indented (virtually), the other left-justified. The motivation for the left-justified view is to help users 'see' the whitespace characters they're using for indentation of plain-text or XPath code without interference from indentation that is an automated side-effect of the XML context. I want to provide visual clues (in the non-editable part of the editor) for the left-justified mode that will help the user, but without getting too elaborate. I tried just using connecting lines, but that seemed too busy. The best I've come up with so far is shown in a mocked up screenshot of the editor below, but I'm seeking better/simpler alternatives (that don't require too much code). [Edit] Taking the heatmap idea (from: @jimp) I get this and 3 alternatives - labelled a, b and c: The following section describes the accepted answer as a proposal, bringing together ideas from a number of other answers and comments. As this question is now community wiki, please feel free to update this. NestView The name for this idea which provides a visual method to improve the readability of nested code without using indentation. Contour Lines The name for the differently shaded lines within the NestView The image above shows the NestView used to help visualise an XML snippet. Though XML is used for this illustration, any other code syntax that uses nesting could have been used for this illustration. An Overview: The contour lines are shaded (as in a heatmap) to convey nesting level The contour lines are angled to show when a nesting level is being either opened or closed. A contour line links the start of a nesting level to the corresponding end. The combined width of contour lines give a visual impression of nesting level, in addition to the heatmap. The width of the NestView may be manually resizable, but should not change as the code changes. Contour lines can either be compressed or truncated to keep acheive this. Blank lines are sometimes used code to break up text into more digestable chunks. Such lines could trigger special behaviour in the NestView. For example the heatmap could be reset or a background color contour line used, or both. One or more contour lines associated with the currently selected code can be highlighted. The contour line associated with the selected code level would be emphasized the most, but other contour lines could also 'light up' in addition to help highlight the containing nested group Different behaviors (such as code folding or code selection) can be associated with clicking/double-clicking on a Contour Line. Different parts of a contour line (leading, middle or trailing edge) may have different dynamic behaviors associated. Tooltips can be shown on a mouse hover event over a contour line The NestView is updated continously as the code is edited. Where nesting is not well-balanced assumptions can be made where the nesting level should end, but the associated temporary contour lines must be highlighted in some way as a warning. Drag and drop behaviors of Contour Lines can be supported. Behaviour may vary according to the part of the contour line being dragged. Features commonly found in the left margin such as line numbering and colour highlighting for errors and change state could overlay the NestView. Additional Functionality The proposal addresses a range of additional issues - many are outside the scope of the original question, but a useful side-effect. Visually linking the start and end of a nested region The contour lines connect the start and end of each nested level Highlighting the context of the currently selected line As code is selected, the associated nest-level in the NestView can be highlighted Differentiating between code regions at the same nesting level In the case of XML different hues could be used for different namespaces. Programming languages (such as c#) support named regions that could be used in a similar way. Dividing areas within a nesting area into different visual blocks Extra lines are often inserted into code to aid readability. Such empty lines could be used to reset the saturation level of the NestView's contour lines. Multi-Column Code View Code without indentation makes the use of a multi-column view more effective because word-wrap or horizontal scrolling is less likely to be required. In this view, once code has reach the bottom of one column, it flows into the next one: Usage beyond merely providing a visual aid As proposed in the overview, the NestView could provide a range of editing and selection features which would be broadly in line with what is expected from a TreeView control. The key difference is that a typical TreeView node has 2 parts: an expander and the node icon. A NestView contour line can have as many as 3 parts: an opener (sloping), a connector (vertical) and a close (sloping). On Indentation The NestView presented alongside non-indented code complements, but is unlikely to replace, the conventional indented code view. It's likely that any solutions adopting a NestView, will provide a method to switch seamlessly between indented and non-indented code views without affecting any of the code text itself - including whitespace characters. One technique for the indented view would be 'Virtual Formatting' - where a dynamic left-margin is used in lieu of tab or space characters. The same nesting-level data used to dynamically render the NestView could also used for the more conventional-looking indented view. Printing Indentation will be important for the readability of printed code. Here, the absence of tab/space characters and a dynamic left-margin means that the text can wrap at the right-margin and still maintain the integrity of the indented view. Line numbers can be used as visual markers that indicate where code is word-wrapped and also the exact position of indentation: Screen Real-Estate: Flat Vs Indented Addressing the question of whether the NestView uses up valuable screen real-estate: Contour lines work well with a width the same as the code editor's character width. A NestView width of 12 character widths can therefore accommodate 12 levels of nesting before contour lines are truncated/compressed. If an indented view uses 3 character-widths for each nesting level then space is saved until nesting reaches 4 levels of nesting, after this nesting level the flat view has a space-saving advantage that increases with each nesting level. Note: A minimum indentation of 4 character widths is often recommended for code, however XML often manages with less. Also, Virtual Formatting permits less indentation to be used because there's no risk of alignment issues A comparison of the 2 views is shown below: Based on the above, its probably fair to conclude that view style choice will be based on factors other than screen real-estate. The one exception is where screen space is at a premium, for example on a Netbook/Tablet or when multiple code windows are open. In these cases, the resizable NestView would seem to be a clear winner. Use Cases Examples of real-world examples where NestView may be a useful option: Where screen real-estate is at a premium a. On devices such as tablets, notepads and smartphones b. When showing code on websites c. When multiple code windows need to be visible on the desktop simultaneously Where consistent whitespace indentation of text within code is a priority For reviewing deeply nested code. For example where sub-languages (e.g. Linq in C# or XPath in XSLT) might cause high levels of nesting. Accessibility Resizing and color options must be provided to aid those with visual impairments, and also to suit environmental conditions and personal preferences: Compatability of edited code with other systems A solution incorporating a NestView option should ideally be capable of stripping leading tab and space characters (identified as only having a formatting role) from imported code. Then, once stripped, the code could be rendered neatly in both the left-justified and indented views without change. For many users relying on systems such as merging and diff tools that are not whitespace-aware this will be a major concern (if not a complete show-stopper). Other Works: Visualisation of Overlapping Markup Published research by Wendell Piez, dated from 2004, addresses the issue of the visualisation of overlapping markup, specifically LMNL. This includes SVG graphics with significant similarities to the NestView proposal, as such, they are acknowledged here. The visual differences are clear in the images (below), the key functional distinction is that NestView is intended only for well-nested XML or code, whereas Wendell Piez's graphics are designed to represent overlapped nesting. The graphics above were reproduced - with kind permission - from http://www.piez.org Sources: Towards Hermenutic Markup Half-steps toward LMNL

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  • Why CoffeeScript is tough to maintain

    - by Renso
    I recently started trying out CoffeeScript only to find out that it caused more headaches. The abstraction level of jQuery was perfect, it did not dictate to coders how to design their code, it just works. However, I recently posted a request to the CoffeeScript team to consider introducing curly braces to help with more complex code to control the flow of logic. For example a if-then-else with many nested levels can be near impossible to debug without tracing through it when using CoffeeScript. Also with IDEs like Visual Studio, regular JavaScript intellicense and auto-formatting make it easy to appropriate indent nested levels without any work on the part of the developer and reading it is not that hard, especially with some extensions that show vertical lines in the code editor to help see what is nested within what part of the code.However with CoffeeScript that is not the case. The samples given in the CoffeeScript web site are of course just simple examples to explain the features and one gets excited pretty quick over the powerful shortcuts. I tried to convert a piece of JavaScript over to CoffeeScript and gave up since you need to first of all remove ALL non CoffeeScript coding constructs for it to even compile. However js2coffee can help with that. However to keep track of nested levels became something that was simply not manageable using CoffeeScript.Furthermore, any coding language that controls the flow of logic by indentation is extremely dangerous for obvious reasons. I liked CoffeeScript a lot, but the fact that the logical flow of the code is controlled by how much you indent code, spaces or tabs, is not reliable as there is no way the programmer has an easy way of knowing what parts of the code will get hit when the code spans a page.When I suggested introducing curly braces in CoffeeScript the team, one contributor advised me that my code needs to be re-designed! Needless to say that is absurd. When I included a piece of the code he asked my if it was legacy code. It's like saying to a Java programmer, sorry you cannot use Java because we don't agree with how you write your code.jashkenas from the CoffeeScript blog gave some great suggestions and made the point that introducing curly braces would be very problematic for them as they use them to denote objects. Makes sense, but I would still love to see some way to replace code flow control with spaces and indentation to something more concrete and human readable.

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  • Error when logging in with Machinist in Shoulda test

    - by user303747
    I am having some trouble getting the right usage of Machinist and Shoulda in my testing. Here is my test: context "on POST method rating" do p = Product.make u = nil setup do u = login_as post :vote, :rating => 3, :id => p end should "set rating for product to 3" do assert_equal p.get_user_vote(u), 3 end And here's my blueprints: Sham.login { Faker::Internet.user_name } Sham.name { Faker::Lorem.words} Sham.email { Faker::Internet.email} Sham.body { Faker::Lorem.paragraphs(2)} User.blueprint do login password "testpass" password_confirmation { password } email end Product.blueprint do name {Sham.name} user {User.make} end And my authentication test helper: def login_as(u = nil) u ||= User.make() @controller.stubs(:current_user).returns(u) u end The error I get is: /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb:1090:in `save_without_dirty!': Validation failed: Login has already been taken, Email has already been taken (ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid) from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/dirty.rb:87:in `save_without_transactions!' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:200:in `save!' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:136:in `transaction' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:182:in `transaction' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:200:in `save!' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:208:in `rollback_active_record_state!' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:200:in `save!' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist/active_record.rb:55:in `make' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/test/blueprints.rb:37 from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist.rb:77:in `generate_attribute_value' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist.rb:46:in `method_missing' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/test/blueprints.rb:37 from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist.rb:20:in `instance_eval' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist.rb:20:in `run' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/machinist-1.0.6/lib/machinist/active_record.rb:53:in `make' from ./test/functional/products_controller_test.rb:25:in `__bind_1269805681_945912' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/gems/thoughtbot-shoulda-2.10.2/lib/shoulda/context.rb:293:in `call' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/gems/thoughtbot-shoulda-2.10.2/lib/shoulda/context.rb:293:in `merge_block' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/gems/thoughtbot-shoulda-2.10.2/lib/shoulda/context.rb:288:in `initialize' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/gems/thoughtbot-shoulda-2.10.2/lib/shoulda/context.rb:169:in `new' from /home/jason/moderndarwin/vendor/gems/thoughtbot-shoulda-2.10.2/lib/shoulda/context.rb:169:in `context' from ./test/functional/products_controller_test.rb:24 I can't figure out what it is I'm doing wrong... I have tested the login_as with my auth (Authlogic) in my user_controller testing. Any pointers in the right direction would be much appreciated!

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  • Can't destroy record in many-to-many relationship

    - by Dmart
    I'm new to Rails, so I'm sure I've made a simple mistake. I've set up a many-to-many relationship between two models: User and Group. They're connected through the junction model GroupMember. Here are my models (removed irrelevant stuff): class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :group_members has_many :groups, :through => :group_members end class GroupMember < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :group belongs_to :user end class Group < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :group_members has_many :users, :through => :group_members end The table for GroupMembers contains additional information about the relationship, so I didn't use has_and_belongs_to_many (as per the Rails "Active Record Associations" guide). The problem I'm having is that I can't destroy a GroupMember. Here's the output from rails console: irb(main):006:0> m = GroupMember.new => #<GroupMember group_id: nil, user_id: nil, active: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> irb(main):007:0> m.group_id =1 => 1 irb(main):008:0> m.user_id = 16 => 16 irb(main):009:0> m.save => true irb(main):010:0> m.destroy NoMethodError: undefined method `eq' for nil:NilClass from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.4/lib/active_support/whiny_nil.rb:48:in `method_missing' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:79:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/locking/optimistic.rb:110:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:260:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:413:in `_run_destroy_callbacks' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/callbacks.rb:260:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:235:in `destroy' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:292:in `with_transaction_returning_status' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:139:in `transaction' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:207:in `transaction' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:290:in `with_transaction_returning_status' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.4/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:235:in `destroy' from (irb):10 This is driving me crazy, so any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Integrating Coherence & Java EE 6 Applications using ActiveCache

    - by Ricardo Ferreira
    OK, so you are a developer and are starting a new Java EE 6 application using the most wonderful features of the Java EE platform like Enterprise JavaBeans, JavaServer Faces, CDI, JPA e another cool stuff technologies. And your architecture need to hold piece of data into distributed caches to improve application's performance, scalability and reliability? If this is your current facing scenario, maybe you should look closely in the solutions provided by Oracle WebLogic Server. Oracle had integrated WebLogic Server and its champion data caching technology called Oracle Coherence. This seamless integration between this two products provides a comprehensive environment to develop applications without the complexity of extra Java code to manage cache as a dependency, since Oracle provides an DI ("Dependency Injection") mechanism for Coherence, the same DI mechanism available in standard Java EE applications. This feature is called ActiveCache. In this article, I will show you how to configure ActiveCache in WebLogic and at your Java EE application. Configuring WebLogic to manage Coherence Before you start changing your application to use Coherence, you need to configure your Coherence distributed cache. The good news is, you can manage all this stuff without writing a single line of code of XML or even Java. This configuration can be done entirely in the WebLogic administration console. The first thing to do is the setup of a Coherence cluster. A Coherence cluster is a set of Coherence JVMs configured to form one single view of the cache. This means that you can insert or remove members of the cluster without the client application (the application that generates or consume data from the cache) knows about the changes. This concept allows your solution to scale-out without changing the application server JVMs. You can growth your application only in the data grid layer. To start the configuration, you need to configure an machine that points to the server in which you want to execute the Coherence JVMs. WebLogic Server allows you to do this very easily using the Administration Console. In this example, I will call the machine as "coherence-server". Remember that in order to the machine concept works, you need to ensure that the NodeManager are being executed in the target server that the machine points to. The NodeManager executable can be found in <WLS_HOME>/server/bin/startNodeManager.sh. The next thing to do is to configure a Coherence cluster. In the WebLogic administration console, go to Environment > Coherence Clusters and click in "New". Call this Coherence cluster of "my-coherence-cluster". Click in next. Specify a valid cluster address and port. The Coherence members will communicate with each other through this address and port. Our Coherence cluster are now configured. Now it is time to configure the Coherence members and add them to this cluster. In the WebLogic administration console, go to Environment > Coherence Servers and click in "New". In the field "Name" set to "coh-server-1". In the field "Machine", associate this Coherence server to the machine "coherence-server". In the field "Cluster", associate this Coherence server to the cluster named "my-coherence-cluster". Click in "Finish". Start the Coherence server using the "Control" tab of WebLogic administration console. This will instruct WebLogic to start a new JVM of Coherence in the target machine that should join the pre-defined Coherence cluster. Configuring your Java EE Application to Access Coherence Now lets pass to the funny part of the configuration. The first thing to do is to inform your Java EE application which Coherence cluster to join. Oracle had updated WebLogic server deployment descriptors so you will not have to change your code or the containers deployment descriptors like application.xml, ejb-jar.xml or web.xml. In this example, I will show you how to enable DI ("Dependency Injection") to a Coherence cache from a Servlet 3.0 component. In the WEB-INF/weblogic.xml deployment descriptor, put the following metadata information: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <wls:weblogic-web-app xmlns:wls="http://xmlns.oracle.com/weblogic/weblogic-web-app" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd http://xmlns.oracle.com/weblogic/weblogic-web-app http://xmlns.oracle.com/weblogic/weblogic-web-app/1.4/weblogic-web-app.xsd"> <wls:context-root>myWebApp</wls:context-root> <wls:coherence-cluster-ref> <wls:coherence-cluster-name>my-coherence-cluster</wls:coherence-cluster-name> </wls:coherence-cluster-ref> </wls:weblogic-web-app> As you can see, using the "coherence-cluster-name" tag, we are informing our Java EE application that it should join the "my-coherence-cluster" when it loads in the web container. Without this information, the application will not be able to access the predefined Coherence cluster. It will form its own Coherence cluster without any members. So never forget to put this information. Now put the coherence.jar and active-cache-1.0.jar dependencies at your WEB-INF/lib application classpath. You need to deploy this dependencies so ActiveCache can automatically take care of the Coherence cluster join phase. This dependencies can be found in the following locations: - <WLS_HOME>/common/deployable-libraries/active-cache-1.0.jar - <COHERENCE_HOME>/lib/coherence.jar Finally, you need to write down the access code to the Coherence cache at your Servlet. In the following example, we have a Servlet 3.0 component that access a Coherence cache named "transactions" and prints into the browser output the content (the ammount property) of one specific transaction. package com.oracle.coherence.demo.activecache; import java.io.IOException; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.tangosol.net.NamedCache; @WebServlet("/demo/specificTransaction") public class TransactionServletExample extends HttpServlet { @Resource(mappedName = "transactions") NamedCache transactions; protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { int transId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("transId")); Transaction transaction = (Transaction) transactions.get(transId); response.getWriter().println("<center>" + transaction.getAmmount() + "</center>"); } } Thats it! No more configuration is necessary and you have all set to start producing and getting data to/from Coherence. As you can see in the example code, the Coherence cache are treated as a normal dependency in the Java EE container. The magic happens behind the scenes when the ActiveCache allows your application to join the defined Coherence cluster. The most interesting thing about this approach is, no matter which type of Coherence cache your are using (Distributed, Partitioned, Replicated, WAN-Remote) for the client application, it is just a simple attribute member of com.tangosol.net.NamedCache type. And its all managed by the Java EE container as an dependency. This means that if you inject the same dependency (the Coherence cache named "transactions") in another Java EE component (JSF managed-bean, Stateless EJB) the cache will be the same. Cool isn't it? Thanks to the CDI technology, we can extend the same support for non-Java EE standards components like simple POJOs. This means that you are not forced to only use Servlets, EJBs or JSF in order to inject Coherence caches. You can do the same approach for regular POJOs created for you and managed by lightweight containers like Spring or Seam.

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  • Improved Performance on PeopleSoft Combined Benchmark using SPARC T4-4

    - by Brian
    Oracle's SPARC T4-4 server running Oracle's PeopleSoft HCM 9.1 combined online and batch benchmark achieved a world record 18,000 concurrent users experiencing subsecond response time while executing a PeopleSoft Payroll batch job of 500,000 employees in 32.4 minutes. This result was obtained with a SPARC T4-4 server running Oracle Database 11g Release 2, a SPARC T4-4 server running PeopleSoft HCM 9.1 application server and a SPARC T4-2 server running Oracle WebLogic Server in the web tier. The SPARC T4-4 server running the application tier used Oracle Solaris Zones which provide a flexible, scalable and manageable virtualization environment. The average CPU utilization on the SPARC T4-2 server in the web tier was 17%, on the SPARC T4-4 server in the application tier it was 59%, and on the SPARC T4-4 server in the database tier was 47% (online and batch) leaving significant headroom for additional processing across the three tiers. The SPARC T4-4 server used for the database tier hosted Oracle Database 11g Release 2 using Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM) for database files management with I/O performance equivalent to raw devices. Performance Landscape Results are presented for the PeopleSoft HRMS Self-Service and Payroll combined benchmark. The new result with 128 streams shows significant improvement in the payroll batch processing time with little impact on the self-service component response time. PeopleSoft HRMS Self-Service and Payroll Benchmark Systems Users Ave Response Search (sec) Ave Response Save (sec) Batch Time (min) Streams SPARC T4-2 (web) SPARC T4-4 (app) SPARC T4-4 (db) 18,000 0.988 0.539 32.4 128 SPARC T4-2 (web) SPARC T4-4 (app) SPARC T4-4 (db) 18,000 0.944 0.503 43.3 64 The following results are for the PeopleSoft HRMS Self-Service benchmark that was previous run. The results are not directly comparable with the combined results because they do not include the payroll component. PeopleSoft HRMS Self-Service 9.1 Benchmark Systems Users Ave Response Search (sec) Ave Response Save (sec) Batch Time (min) Streams SPARC T4-2 (web) SPARC T4-4 (app) 2x SPARC T4-2 (db) 18,000 1.048 0.742 N/A N/A The following results are for the PeopleSoft Payroll benchmark that was previous run. The results are not directly comparable with the combined results because they do not include the self-service component. PeopleSoft Payroll (N.A.) 9.1 - 500K Employees (7 Million SQL PayCalc, Unicode) Systems Users Ave Response Search (sec) Ave Response Save (sec) Batch Time (min) Streams SPARC T4-4 (db) N/A N/A N/A 30.84 96 Configuration Summary Application Configuration: 1 x SPARC T4-4 server with 4 x SPARC T4 processors, 3.0 GHz 512 GB memory Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 PeopleTools 8.52 PeopleSoft HCM 9.1 Oracle Tuxedo, Version 10.3.0.0, 64-bit, Patch Level 031 Java Platform, Standard Edition Development Kit 6 Update 32 Database Configuration: 1 x SPARC T4-4 server with 4 x SPARC T4 processors, 3.0 GHz 256 GB memory Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 PeopleTools 8.52 Oracle Tuxedo, Version 10.3.0.0, 64-bit, Patch Level 031 Micro Focus Server Express (COBOL v 5.1.00) Web Tier Configuration: 1 x SPARC T4-2 server with 2 x SPARC T4 processors, 2.85 GHz 256 GB memory Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 PeopleTools 8.52 Oracle WebLogic Server 10.3.4 Java Platform, Standard Edition Development Kit 6 Update 32 Storage Configuration: 1 x Sun Server X2-4 as a COMSTAR head for data 4 x Intel Xeon X7550, 2.0 GHz 128 GB memory 1 x Sun Storage F5100 Flash Array (80 flash modules) 1 x Sun Storage F5100 Flash Array (40 flash modules) 1 x Sun Fire X4275 as a COMSTAR head for redo logs 12 x 2 TB SAS disks with Niwot Raid controller Benchmark Description This benchmark combines PeopleSoft HCM 9.1 HR Self Service online and PeopleSoft Payroll batch workloads to run on a unified database deployed on Oracle Database 11g Release 2. The PeopleSoft HRSS benchmark kit is a Oracle standard benchmark kit run by all platform vendors to measure the performance. It's an OLTP benchmark where DB SQLs are moderately complex. The results are certified by Oracle and a white paper is published. PeopleSoft HR SS defines a business transaction as a series of HTML pages that guide a user through a particular scenario. Users are defined as corporate Employees, Managers and HR administrators. The benchmark consist of 14 scenarios which emulate users performing typical HCM transactions such as viewing paycheck, promoting and hiring employees, updating employee profile and other typical HCM application transactions. All these transactions are well-defined in the PeopleSoft HR Self-Service 9.1 benchmark kit. This benchmark metric is the weighted average response search/save time for all the transactions. The PeopleSoft 9.1 Payroll (North America) benchmark demonstrates system performance for a range of processing volumes in a specific configuration. This workload represents large batch runs typical of a ERP environment during a mass update. The benchmark measures five application business process run times for a database representing large organization. They are Paysheet Creation, Payroll Calculation, Payroll Confirmation, Print Advice forms, and Create Direct Deposit File. The benchmark metric is the cumulative elapsed time taken to complete the Paysheet Creation, Payroll Calculation and Payroll Confirmation business application processes. The benchmark metrics are taken for each respective benchmark while running simultaneously on the same database back-end. Specifically, the payroll batch processes are started when the online workload reaches steady state (the maximum number of online users) and overlap with online transactions for the duration of the steady state. Key Points and Best Practices Two PeopleSoft Domain sets with 200 application servers each on a SPARC T4-4 server were hosted in 2 separate Oracle Solaris Zones to demonstrate consolidation of multiple application servers, ease of administration and performance tuning. Each Oracle Solaris Zone was bound to a separate processor set, each containing 15 cores (total 120 threads). The default set (1 core from first and third processor socket, total 16 threads) was used for network and disk interrupt handling. This was done to improve performance by reducing memory access latency by using the physical memory closest to the processors and offload I/O interrupt handling to default set threads, freeing up cpu resources for Application Servers threads and balancing application workload across 240 threads. A total of 128 PeopleSoft streams server processes where used on the database node to complete payroll batch job of 500,000 employees in 32.4 minutes. See Also Oracle PeopleSoft Benchmark White Papers oracle.com SPARC T4-2 Server oracle.com OTN SPARC T4-4 Server oracle.com OTN PeopleSoft Enterprise Human Capital Managementoracle.com OTN PeopleSoft Enterprise Human Capital Management (Payroll) oracle.com OTN Oracle Solaris oracle.com OTN Oracle Database 11g Release 2 oracle.com OTN Disclosure Statement Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Results as of 8 November 2012.

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  • Oracle EBS?????(Order->AR)

    - by Pan.Tian
    ???? ??:Order Management > Orders,Returns > Sales Orders ???????,??,????,???? ???????,????,??... ??Book Order,??Book??,????????Status??????“Booked”,???????"Awaiting Shipping",?????????,??????????????? ??:??Book??,????????????,????Shipping Transactions Form,????,?????????Line Status?Ready to Release,Next Step?Pick Release Pick Release ??:Order Management > Shipping > Release Sales Orders > Release Sales Orders Pick Release????(?????????).?Order  Number?????????? Auto Pick Confirm???No Auto Allocate???N Auto Allocate?Auto Pick Confirm??????Yes,???????????,??????No,???Yes??,?????Allocate?Pick Confirm??,??????????? ??????????Pick  Release,”Concurrent“??Pick Release?????Concurrent Request???,"Execute Now"????????Pick Release,??????????????User,??????Concurrent??? Pick Release?????????Pick Release?????Pick Wave??Move Order,??Move Order????????????????????(Staging),????INV??????????? INV_MOVE_ORDER_PUB.CREATE_MOVE_ORDER_HEADER???Move Order??(??Pick Release?????????????:Pick Release Process) ????????,?Pick Release??,?????????????Reservation(??),?????????Soft Reservations,?????????????,????Org?????????? ??:????,Shipping Transaction?Line Status?"Released to Warehouse",Next Step?"Transact Move Order";????????Booked,?????”Awaiting Shipping“? Pick Confirm Pick Confirm(????)????????Transact Move Order????,?Allocate????,?Transact Move Order. ??:Inventory > Move Orders > Transact Move Orders ????,Pick Wave??Tab,????? ??TMO????,??Allocate,Allocate?????????Picking Rule?????,??????Suggestion????,Suggestion?????? MTL_MATERIAL_TRANSACTIONS_TEMP?(?Pending Transactions)? ????Allocate??,??????Allocation????Single,Multiple??None???,Single??, ??????????Suggestion?Transaction??,Multiple???????;None??????Suggestion? ?(????????????????) ????????Transact??Move Order ?Transact??,Inventory Transaction Manager ???Suggestion Transactions(MMTT),???????????????,??????Subinventory??????(Staging)??? Transction???Material Transaction?Form????? ????Reservation??,?Transact??,???????,Reservation????????,????Sub,locator???? ??:????,Shipping Transaction?Line Status?"Staged/Pick Confirmed",Next Step?"Ship Confirm/Close Trip Stop";????????Booked,??????”Picked“? Ship Confirm Deliveries ??:Order Management > Shipping > Transactions ???Delivery??,??Ship Confirm(????),????Pick Release???,????Autocreate Delivery,???????Define Shipping Parameters????????,??shipping parameters???????,?????????Ship Confirm?????Action->Auto-create Deliveries. Delivery????????????????,????????.... Delivery??,??Ship Confirm???,???????,"Defer Interface"?????,?????????Interface Trip Stop SRS,????Defer Interface,?OK? Delivery was successfully confirmed!!! Ship Confirm????????????MTL_TRANSACTIONS_INTERFACE??,??MTI??????Sales Order Issue,??????????Interface Trip Stop???,???MTI??MMT??? ??:????,Shipping Transaction?Line Status?"Shipped",Next Step?"Run Interfaces";????????Booked,??????”Shipped“? Interface Trip Stop - SRS ?????Ship Confirm??????Defer Interface,??????????????Interface Trip Stop - SRS? ??:Order Management > Shipping > Interface > Run > Request:Interface Trip Stop - SRS Interface Trip Stop????????:Inventory Interface  SRS(????????)? Order Management Interface  SRS(?????????????AR??)? Inventory Interface  SRS???Shipping Transaction??????MTI,??INV Manager????MTI????MMT??,??Sales Order Issue?transaction??????,???????????Reservation????Inventory Interface  SRS?????,???WSH_DELIVERY_DETAILS??INV_INTERFACED_FLAG???Y? Order Management Interface - SRS??Inventory Interface  SRS?????,??Request?????????????AR??,OM Interface????????WSH_DELIVERY_DETAILS??OE_INTERFACED_FLAG?Y? ??:????,Shipping Transaction?Line Status?"Interfaced",Next Step?"Not Applicable";????????Booked,??????”Shipped“? Workflow background Process ??:Inventory > Workflow Background Engine Item Type:OM Order Line Process Deferred:Yes Process Timeout:No ??program????Deffered???workflow,Workflow Background Process???,???????Order????RA Interface???(RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL,RA_INTERFACE_SALESCREDITS_ALL,RA_Interface_distribution) ????????SQL???RA Interface??: 1.SELECT * FROM RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL WHERE sales_order = '65961'; 2.SELECT * FROM RA_INTERFACE_SALESCREDITS_ALL WHERE INTERFACE_LINE_ID IN (SELECT INTERFACE_LINE_ID FROM RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL WHERE sales_order = '65961' ); 3.SELECT * FROM RA_INTERFACE_DISTRIBUTIONS_ALL WHERE INTERFACE_LINE_ID IN (SELECT INTERFACE_LINE_ID FROM RA_INTERFACE_LINES_ALL WHERE sales_order = '65961' ); ?????RA Interface??,??OE_ORDER_LINES_ALL?INVOICE_INTERFACE_STATUS_CODE????? Yes,INVOICED_QUANTITY?????????????????????????Closed,????????Booked? AutoInvoice ????AR?? ??:Account Receivable > Interface > AutoInvoice Name:Autoinvoice Master Program Invoice Source:Order Entry Default Day:???? ???,?request????”Autoinvoice Import Program“???? ???,????Auto Invoice Program????RA?interface?,?????????????,???????AR???? (RA_CUSTOMER_TRX_ALL,RA_CUSTOMER_TRX_LINES,AR_PAYMENT_SCHEDULES). ?????? Order > Action > Additional Information > Invoices/Credit Memos????????,???????SQL?????AR??, SELECT ooha.order_number , oola.line_number so_line_number , oola.ordered_item , oola.ordered_quantity * oola.unit_selling_price so_extended_price , rcta.trx_number invoice_number , rcta.trx_date , rctla.line_number inv_line_number , rctla.unit_selling_price inv_unit_selling_price FROM oe_order_headers_all ooha , oe_order_lines_all oola , ra_customer_trx_all rcta , ra_customer_trx_lines_all rctla WHERE ooha.header_id = oola.header_id AND rcta.customer_trx_id = rctla.customer_trx_id AND rctla.interface_line_attribute6 = TO_CHAR (oola.line_id) AND rctla.interface_line_attribute1 = TO_CHAR (ooha.order_number) AND order_number = :p_order_number; ??Autoinvoice Import Program???error???,?????RA_INTERFACE_ERRORS_ALL?Message_text??,???????? Closing the Order ?????????,?????????(Close??Cancel)?0.5?,??????Workflow Background Process??????? ????????:you can wait until month-end and the “Order Flow – Generic” workflow will close it for you. Order&Shipping Transactions Status Summary Step Order Header Status Order Line Status Order Flow Workflow Status (Order Header) Line Flow Workflow Status (Order Line) Shipping Transaction  Status(RELEASED_STATUS in WDD) 1. Enter an Order Entered Entered Book Order Manual Enter – Line                              N/A 2. Book the Order Booked Awaiting Shipping Close Order Schedule ->Create Supply ->Ship – Line                       Ready to Release(R) 3. Pick the Order Booked Picked Close Order Ship – Line 1.Released to Warehouse(S)(Pick Release but not pick confirm) 2.Staged/Pick Confirmed(Y)(After pick confirm) 4. Ship the Order Booked Shipped Close Order Fulfill – Deferred 1.Shipped(After ship confirm) 2.Interfaced(C)(After ITS) Booked Closed Close Order Fulfill ->Invoice Interface ->Close Line -> End 5. Close the Order Closed Closed End End ????,shipping txn???,??????????:http://blog.csdn.net/pan_tian/article/details/7696528 ======EOF======

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  • Does Windows performance degrade past a certain level of CPU utilization?

    - by Mike Taylor
    Is there a recommended average CPU threshold in running Windows boxes based on experience in other shops? Background: We are running with Windows Server 2003 32-bit OS. Servers are handling a major enterprise-level web application suite with a high frequency of small transactions mixed in with much larger transactions - overall average is 13ms. Our average overall CPU utilization of the Windows servers are ~60% during prime-shift. And we question at what level does the Windows OS begin to shimmy on the CPU scheduling road? Thanks.

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  • Xen 4.2 on CentOs 6.3 : can't compile a libvirt 0.9.10 xen-activated?

    - by Frederic
    I followed that tutorial for Xen 4.2 on CentOs 6.3. http://www.howtoforge.com/virtualization-with-xen-on-centos-6.3-x86_64-paravirtualization-and-hardware-virtualization When building a new libvirt package with rpmbuild -bb libvirt.spec I get that error : CC libvirt_driver_libxl_la-libxl_conf.lo In file included from libxl/libxl_conf.c:43: libxl/libxl_conf.h:61: error: field 'ctx' has incomplete type libxl/libxl_conf.h:80: error: field 'ctx' has incomplete type libxl/libxl_conf.h:81: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before 'libxl_waiter' libxl/libxl_conf.c: In function 'libxlMakeDomCreateInfo': libxl/libxl_conf.c:365: warning: implicit declaration of function 'libxl_init_create_info' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] libxl/libxl_conf.c:365: warning: nested extern declaration of 'libxl_init_create_info' [-Wnested-externs] libxl/libxl_conf.c:367: error: 'libxl_domain_create_info' has no member named 'hvm' libxl/libxl_conf.c:383: warning: implicit declaration of function 'libxl_domain_create_info_destroy' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] libxl/libxl_conf.c:383: warning: nested extern declaration of 'libxl_domain_create_info_destroy' [-Wnested-externs] libxl/libxl_conf.c: In function 'libxlMakeDomBuildInfo': libxl/libxl_conf.c:406: warning: implicit declaration of function 'libxl_init_build_info' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] libxl/libxl_conf.c:406: warning: nested extern declaration of 'libxl_init_build_info' [-Wnested-externs] libxl/libxl_conf.c:408: error: 'libxl_domain_build_info' has no member named 'hvm' [...] Do you know what I need to install or change to pass that step?

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  • Apache2 unable to start: private key not found

    - by user3161330
    today I edited some vhosts in my Apache installation and when I tried to restart it I got this error: [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] Init: Private key not found [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218640442 error:0D08303A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_TEMPLATE_NOEXP_D2I:nested asn1 error [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 67710980 error:04093004:rsa routines:OLD_RSA_PRIV_DECODE:RSA lib [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error I have tried to generate new self signed certificates issuing this command: openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout server.cert.key -out server.cert.crt but the error still exists. The private key chmod is 600, and if I open it with nano looks, fine. I'm running Apache2 on a debian 7 machine.

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  • C#/.NET Little Wonders: Tuples and Tuple Factory Methods

    - by James Michael Hare
    Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can really help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain.  This week, we look at the System.Tuple class and the handy factory methods for creating a Tuple by inferring the types. What is a Tuple? The System.Tuple is a class that tends to inspire a reaction in one of two ways: love or hate.  Simply put, a Tuple is a data structure that holds a specific number of items of a specific type in a specific order.  That is, a Tuple<int, string, int> is a tuple that contains exactly three items: an int, followed by a string, followed by an int.  The sequence is important not only to distinguish between two members of the tuple with the same type, but also for comparisons between tuples.  Some people tend to love tuples because they give you a quick way to combine multiple values into one result.  This can be handy for returning more than one value from a method (without using out or ref parameters), or for creating a compound key to a Dictionary, or any other purpose you can think of.  They can be especially handy when passing a series of items into a call that only takes one object parameter, such as passing an argument to a thread's startup routine.  In these cases, you do not need to define a class, simply create a tuple containing the types you wish to return, and you are ready to go? On the other hand, there are some people who see tuples as a crutch in object-oriented design.  They may view the tuple as a very watered down class with very little inherent semantic meaning.  As an example, what if you saw this in a piece of code: 1: var x = new Tuple<int, int>(2, 5); What are the contents of this tuple?  If the tuple isn't named appropriately, and if the contents of each member are not self evident from the type this can be a confusing question.  The people who tend to be against tuples would rather you explicitly code a class to contain the values, such as: 1: public sealed class RetrySettings 2: { 3: public int TimeoutSeconds { get; set; } 4: public int MaxRetries { get; set; } 5: } Here, the meaning of each int in the class is much more clear, but it's a bit more work to create the class and can clutter a solution with extra classes. So, what's the correct way to go?  That's a tough call.  You will have people who will argue quite well for one or the other.  For me, I consider the Tuple to be a tool to make it easy to collect values together easily.  There are times when I just need to combine items for a key or a result, in which case the tuple is short lived and so the meaning isn't easily lost and I feel this is a good compromise.  If the scope of the collection of items, though, is more application-wide I tend to favor creating a full class. Finally, it should be noted that tuples are immutable.  That means they are assigned a value at construction, and that value cannot be changed.  Now, of course if the tuple contains an item of a reference type, this means that the reference is immutable and not the item referred to. Tuples from 1 to N Tuples come in all sizes, you can have as few as one element in your tuple, or as many as you like.  However, since C# generics can't have an infinite generic type parameter list, any items after 7 have to be collapsed into another tuple, as we'll show shortly. So when you declare your tuple from sizes 1 (a 1-tuple or singleton) to 7 (a 7-tuple or septuple), simply include the appropriate number of type arguments: 1: // a singleton tuple of integer 2: Tuple<int> x; 3:  4: // or more 5: Tuple<int, double> y; 6:  7: // up to seven 8: Tuple<int, double, char, double, int, string, uint> z; Anything eight and above, and we have to nest tuples inside of tuples.  The last element of the 8-tuple is the generic type parameter Rest, this is special in that the Tuple checks to make sure at runtime that the type is a Tuple.  This means that a simple 8-tuple must nest a singleton tuple (one of the good uses for a singleton tuple, by the way) for the Rest property. 1: // an 8-tuple 2: Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, double, char, Tuple<string>> t8; 3:  4: // an 9-tuple 5: Tuple<int, int, int, int, double, int, char, Tuple<string, DateTime>> t9; 6:  7: // a 16-tuple 8: Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, Tuple<int,int>>> t14; Notice that on the 14-tuple we had to have a nested tuple in the nested tuple.  Since the tuple can only support up to seven items, and then a rest element, that means that if the nested tuple needs more than seven items you must nest in it as well.  Constructing tuples Constructing tuples is just as straightforward as declaring them.  That said, you have two distinct ways to do it.  The first is to construct the tuple explicitly yourself: 1: var t3 = new Tuple<int, string, double>(1, "Hello", 3.1415927); This creates a triple that has an int, string, and double and assigns the values 1, "Hello", and 3.1415927 respectively.  Make sure the order of the arguments supplied matches the order of the types!  Also notice that we can't half-assign a tuple or create a default tuple.  Tuples are immutable (you can't change the values once constructed), so thus you must provide all values at construction time. Another way to easily create tuples is to do it implicitly using the System.Tuple static class's Create() factory methods.  These methods (much like C++'s std::make_pair method) will infer the types from the method call so you don't have to type them in.  This can dramatically reduce the amount of typing required especially for complex tuples! 1: // this 4-tuple is typed Tuple<int, double, string, char> 2: var t4 = Tuple.Create(42, 3.1415927, "Love", 'X'); Notice how much easier it is to use the factory methods and infer the types?  This can cut down on typing quite a bit when constructing tuples.  The Create() factory method can construct from a 1-tuple (singleton) to an 8-tuple (octuple), which of course will be a octuple where the last item is a singleton as we described before in nested tuples. Accessing tuple members Accessing a tuple's members is simplicity itself… mostly.  The properties for accessing up to the first seven items are Item1, Item2, …, Item7.  If you have an octuple or beyond, the final property is Rest which will give you the nested tuple which you can then access in a similar matter.  Once again, keep in mind that these are read-only properties and cannot be changed. 1: // for septuples and below, use the Item properties 2: var t1 = Tuple.Create(42, 3.14); 3:  4: Console.WriteLine("First item is {0} and second is {1}", 5: t1.Item1, t1.Item2); 6:  7: // for octuples and above, use Rest to retrieve nested tuple 8: var t9 = new Tuple<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, 9: Tuple<int, int>>(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,Tuple.Create(8,9)); 10:  11: Console.WriteLine("The 8th item is {0}", t9.Rest.Item1); Tuples are IStructuralComparable and IStructuralEquatable Most of you know about IComparable and IEquatable, what you may not know is that there are two sister interfaces to these that were added in .NET 4.0 to help support tuples.  These IStructuralComparable and IStructuralEquatable make it easy to compare two tuples for equality and ordering.  This is invaluable for sorting, and makes it easy to use tuples as a compound-key to a dictionary (one of my favorite uses)! Why is this so important?  Remember when we said that some folks think tuples are too generic and you should define a custom class?  This is all well and good, but if you want to design a custom class that can automatically order itself based on its members and build a hash code for itself based on its members, it is no longer a trivial task!  Thankfully the tuple does this all for you through the explicit implementations of these interfaces. For equality, two tuples are equal if all elements are equal between the two tuples, that is if t1.Item1 == t2.Item1 and t1.Item2 == t2.Item2, and so on.  For ordering, it's a little more complex in that it compares the two tuples one at a time starting at Item1, and sees which one has a smaller Item1.  If one has a smaller Item1, it is the smaller tuple.  However if both Item1 are the same, it compares Item2 and so on. For example: 1: var t1 = Tuple.Create(1, 3.14, "Hi"); 2: var t2 = Tuple.Create(1, 3.14, "Hi"); 3: var t3 = Tuple.Create(2, 2.72, "Bye"); 4:  5: // true, t1 == t2 because all items are == 6: Console.WriteLine("t1 == t2 : " + t1.Equals(t2)); 7:  8: // false, t1 != t2 because at least one item different 9: Console.WriteLine("t2 == t2 : " + t2.Equals(t3)); The actual implementation of IComparable, IEquatable, IStructuralComparable, and IStructuralEquatable is explicit, so if you want to invoke the methods defined there you'll have to manually cast to the appropriate interface: 1: // true because t1.Item1 < t3.Item1, if had been same would check Item2 and so on 2: Console.WriteLine("t1 < t3 : " + (((IComparable)t1).CompareTo(t3) < 0)); So, as I mentioned, the fact that tuples are automatically equatable and comparable (provided the types you use define equality and comparability as needed) means that we can use tuples for compound keys in hashing and ordering containers like Dictionary and SortedList: 1: var tupleDict = new Dictionary<Tuple<int, double, string>, string>(); 2:  3: tupleDict.Add(t1, "First tuple"); 4: tupleDict.Add(t2, "Second tuple"); 5: tupleDict.Add(t3, "Third tuple"); Because IEquatable defines GetHashCode(), and Tuple's IStructuralEquatable implementation creates this hash code by combining the hash codes of the members, this makes using the tuple as a complex key quite easy!  For example, let's say you are creating account charts for a financial application, and you want to cache those charts in a Dictionary based on the account number and the number of days of chart data (for example, a 1 day chart, 1 week chart, etc): 1: // the account number (string) and number of days (int) are key to get cached chart 2: var chartCache = new Dictionary<Tuple<string, int>, IChart>(); Summary The System.Tuple, like any tool, is best used where it will achieve a greater benefit.  I wouldn't advise overusing them, on objects with a large scope or it can become difficult to maintain.  However, when used properly in a well defined scope they can make your code cleaner and easier to maintain by removing the need for extraneous POCOs and custom property hashing and ordering. They are especially useful in defining compound keys to IDictionary implementations and for returning multiple values from methods, or passing multiple values to a single object parameter. Tweet Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Tuple,Little Wonders

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  • Are there any e-commerce websites that use NoSQL databases

    - by Saif Bechan
    I have read a lot lately about 'NoSQL' databases such as CouchDB, MongoDB etc. Most of the websites I have seen using this are mainly text based websites such as The New York Times and Source forge. I was wondering if you could apply this to websites where payment is a huge issue. I am thinking of the following issues: How well can you secure the data Do these system provide an easy backup/restore machanism How are transactions handled commit/rollback I have read the following articles that cover some aspects: Can I do transactions and locks in CouchDB? Pros/Cons of document based database vs relational database In these posts the aspect of transactions if covered. However the questions of security and backups is not covered. Can someone shed some light on this subject? And if possible, does anyone know of some e-commerce websites that have successfully implemented the document based database.

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  • SQL Server Error: maximum number of prefixes. The maximum is 3.

    - by Ian Boyd
    Trying to run a cross-server update: UPDATE cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos SET PostHistorySequencenNmber = ( SELECT TransactionNumber FROM Transactions WHERE Transactions.TransactionDate = cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos.TransactionDate) Gives the error: Server: Msg 117, Level 15, State 2, Line 5 The number name 'cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos' contains more than the maximum number of prefixes. The maximum is 3. What gives? Note: Rearranging the query into a less readable join form: UPDATE cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos SET PostHistorySequenceNumber = B.TransactionNumber FROM cmslive.CMSFintrac.dbo.lsipos A INNER JOIN Transactions B ON A.TransactionDate = B.TransactionDate does not give an error.

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  • Want to calculate the sum of the count rendered by group by option..

    - by Vijay
    i have a table with the columns such id, tid, companyid, ttype etc.. the id may be same for many companyid but unique within the companyid and tid is always unique and i want to calculate the total no of transactions entered in the table, a single transaction may be inserted in more than one row, for example, id tid companyid ttype 1 1 1 xxx 1 2 1 may be null 2 3 1 yyy 2 4 1 may be null 2 5 1 may be null the above entries should be counted as only 2 transactions .. it may be repeated for many companyids.. so how do i calculate the total no of transactions entered in the table i tried select sum(count(*)) from transaction group by id,companyId; but doesn't work select count(*) from transaction group by id; wont work because the id may be repeated for different companyids.

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  • Rails precision error

    - by dontangg
    When I run this in my Rails application: my_envelope.transactions.sum(:amount) This SQL is shown in the log files: SQL (0.3ms) SELECT SUM("transactions"."amount") AS sum_id FROM "transactions" WHERE (envelope_id = 834498537) And this value is returned: <BigDecimal:1011be570,'0.2515999999 9999997E2',27(27)> As you can see, the value is 25.159999. It should be 25.16. When I run the same SQL on the database myself, the correct value is returned. I'm a little confused because I know that there are precision problems with Floats, but it is returning a BigDecimal. The SQL column type is decimal. Any ideas?

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  • Online payment service recommendation?

    - by Shadowman
    We're currently in the process of looking for an online payment service that will allow us to accept credit cards, etc. However, our business model also involves revenue sharing in a model similar to that of iTunes. That is, content creators will be able to sell content through our site and we take a small percentage of the revenue. Can anyone recommend an online payment service that supports this model? We're also interested in: Accept all major credit cards Being able to do international transactions in the appropriate local currency Recurring transactions (monthly, yearly, etc.) Additionally, if the service provided a Java API for integration or the ability to broker PayPal transactions that would be an added bonus. I know Amazon provides a hosted payment service, but I'd prefer not to require all of our customers to have an Amazon account. That provides an additional barrier to entry that we'd prefer to avoid. I'd appreciate any recommendations you can provide!

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