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  • New CentOS/cPanel servers showing high load averages at idle

    - by Jax
    I have taken delivery of two identically specced CentOS/cPanel servers, showing the same behaviour of a resting load average of 1.30, 1.21, 1.16 and yet the CPU is sitting 100% idle. Hardware: Xeon(R) CPU E3-1270 4GB RAM Behavior:- top shows CPU 99.9% idle virtually no disk IO Some command output :- uname -a Linux server.myserver.com 2.6.18-308.4.1.el5PAE #1 SMP Tue Apr 17 17:47:38 EDT 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux top top - 10:37:50 up 1:47, 1 user, load average: 1.28, 1.20, 1.17 Tasks: 199 total, 1 running, 198 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.9%id, 0.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4125104k total, 438764k used, 3686340k free, 25788k buffers Swap: 2096440k total, 0k used, 2096440k free, 291080k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1 root 15 0 2160 640 552 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.89 init 2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 5 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 6 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/1 7 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 8 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/2 9 root 35 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/2 10 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/2 11 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/3 12 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/3 13 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/3 14 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/4 15 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/4 16 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/4 17 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/5 18 root 38 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/5 19 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/5 20 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/6 21 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/6 22 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/6 23 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/7 24 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/7 25 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/7 26 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:06.42 events/0 27 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/1 28 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/2 29 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/3 30 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/4 31 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/5 32 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/6 33 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 events/7 34 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 35 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthread 45 root 13 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/0 46 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/1 47 root 14 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/2 48 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/3 49 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/4 50 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/5 51 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/6 52 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/7 53 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 189 root 11 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/0 190 root 11 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/1 191 root 12 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/2 192 root 12 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/3 193 root 13 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/4 194 root 13 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/5 195 root 14 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/6 196 root 14 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/7 199 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khubd ps axf PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:00 init [3] 2 ? S< 0:00 [migration/0] 3 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 4 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/0] 5 ? S< 0:00 [migration/1] 6 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/1] 7 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/1] 8 ? S< 0:00 [migration/2] 9 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/2] 10 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/2] 11 ? S< 0:00 [migration/3] 12 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/3] 13 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/3] 14 ? S< 0:00 [migration/4] 15 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/4] 16 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/4] 17 ? S< 0:00 [migration/5] 18 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/5] 19 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/5] 20 ? S< 0:00 [migration/6] 21 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/6] 22 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/6] 23 ? S< 0:00 [migration/7] 24 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/7] 25 ? S< 0:00 [watchdog/7] 26 ? S< 0:06 [events/0] 27 ? S< 0:00 [events/1] 28 ? S< 0:00 [events/2] 29 ? S< 0:00 [events/3] 30 ? S< 0:00 [events/4] 31 ? S< 0:00 [events/5] 32 ? S< 0:00 [events/6] 33 ? S< 0:00 [events/7] 34 ? S< 0:00 [khelper] 35 ? S< 0:00 [kthread] 45 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/0] 46 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/1] 47 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/2] 48 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/3] 49 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/4] 50 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/5] 51 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/6] 52 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kblockd/7] 53 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kacpid] 189 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/0] 190 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/1] 191 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/2] 192 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/3] 193 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/4] 194 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/5] 195 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/6] 196 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cqueue/7] 199 ? S< 0:00 \_ [khubd] 201 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kseriod] 301 ? S 0:00 \_ [khungtaskd] 302 ? S 0:00 \_ [pdflush] 303 ? S 0:00 \_ [pdflush] 304 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kswapd0] 305 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/0] 306 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/1] 307 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/2] 308 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/3] 309 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/4] 310 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/5] 311 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/6] 312 ? S< 0:00 \_ [aio/7] 472 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kpsmoused] 551 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/0] 552 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/1] 553 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/2] 554 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/3] 555 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/4] 556 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/5] 557 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/6] 558 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata/7] 559 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ata_aux] 569 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_0] 570 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_1] 571 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_2] 572 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_3] 573 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_4] 574 ? S< 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_5] 593 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kstriped] 630 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 655 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kauditd] 1860 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/0] 1861 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/1] 1862 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/2] 1863 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/3] 1864 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/4] 1865 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/5] 1866 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/6] 1867 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpathd/7] 1868 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kmpath_handlerd] 1902 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 1904 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 1906 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 1908 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 1910 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kjournald] 2184 ? S< 0:00 \_ [iscsi_eh] 2288 ? S< 0:00 \_ [cnic_wq] 2298 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/0] 2299 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/1] 2300 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/2] 2301 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/3] 2302 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/4] 2303 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/5] 2304 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/6] 2305 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bnx2i_thread/7] 2330 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_addr] 2359 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_mcast] 2360 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_inform] 2361 ? S< 0:00 \_ [local_sa] 2371 ? S< 0:00 \_ [iw_cm_wq] 2381 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/0] 2382 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/1] 2383 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/2] 2384 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/3] 2385 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/4] 2386 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/5] 2387 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/6] 2388 ? S< 0:00 \_ [ib_cm/7] 2398 ? S< 0:00 \_ [rdma_cm] 2684 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bond0] 2882 ? S< 0:00 \_ [bond1] 3195 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/0] 3197 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/1] 3198 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/2] 3199 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/3] 3200 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/4] 3201 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/5] 3202 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/6] 3203 ? S< 0:00 \_ [kondemand/7] 688 ? S<s 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d 2425 ? S<Lsl 0:00 iscsiuio 2432 ? Ss 0:00 iscsid 2434 ? S<Ls 0:00 iscsid 3061 ? S<sl 0:00 auditd 3063 ? S<sl 0:00 \_ /sbin/audispd 3121 ? Ss 0:00 syslogd -m 0 3124 ? Ss 0:00 klogd -x 3220 ? Ss 0:00 irqbalance 3278 ? Ss 0:00 dbus-daemon --system 3324 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/acpid 3337 ? Ss 0:00 hald 3338 ? S 0:00 \_ hald-runner 3345 ? S 0:00 \_ hald-addon-acpi: listening on acpid socket /var/run/acpid.socket 3349 ? S 0:00 \_ hald-addon-keyboard: listening on /dev/input/event1 3360 ? S 0:00 \_ hald-addon-storage: polling /dev/sr0 3413 ? Ssl 0:00 automount 3435 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/named -u named 3466 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd 4072 ? Ss 0:00 \_ sshd: root@pts/0 4078 pts/0 Ss 0:00 \_ -bash 5436 pts/0 R+ 0:00 \_ ps axf 3484 ? Ss 0:00 xinetd -stayalive -pidfile /var/run/xinetd.pid 3500 ? SLs 0:00 ntpd -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g 3514 ? S 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/server.myserver.com.pid 3575 ? Sl 0:00 \_ /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/ --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/server.myserver.com.err --pid-fil 3687 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/exim -bd -q1h 3709 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/dovecot 3710 ? S 0:00 \_ dovecot-auth 3725 ? S 0:00 \_ pop3-login 3726 ? S 0:00 \_ pop3-login 3727 ? S 0:00 \_ imap-login 3728 ? S 0:00 \_ imap-login 3729 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4326 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/cpanel/bin/leechprotect 4332 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4333 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4334 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4335 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4336 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4337 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4382 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4383 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 4384 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 5389 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 5390 ? S 0:00 \_ /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL 3741 ? Ss 0:00 pure-ftpd (SERVER) 3746 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/pure-authd -s /var/run/ftpd.sock -r /usr/sbin/pureauth 3759 ? Ss 0:00 crond 3772 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd 3909 ? S 0:00 cpsrvd (SSL) - waiting for connections 5435 ? Z 0:00 \_ [cpsrvd-ssl] <defunct> 3931 ? S 0:00 queueprocd - wait to process a task 3948 ? S 0:00 tailwatchd 3954 ? SN 0:00 cpanellogd - sleeping for logs 4003 ? Ss 0:00 ./nimbus /opt/nimsoft 4016 ? S 0:00 \_ nimbus(controller) 4053 ? Sl 0:00 \_ nimbus(spooler) 4066 ? S 0:00 \_ nimbus(hdb) 4069 ? S 0:00 \_ nimbus(cdm) 4070 ? S 0:00 \_ nimbus(processes) 4023 ? S 0:00 /usr/sbin/smartd -q never 4027 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty1 4028 tty2 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty2 4029 tty3 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty3 4030 tty4 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty4 4031 tty5 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty5 4033 tty6 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/mingetty tty6 4035 ttyS1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/agetty -h -L ttyS1 19200 vt100 vmstat 10 6 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 0 0 0 3718136 25684 257424 0 0 8 3 127 189 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 3718136 25700 257420 0 0 0 7 1013 1500 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 3718136 25700 257424 0 0 0 1 1013 1551 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 3718136 25700 257424 0 0 0 0 1012 1469 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 0 3712680 25716 257424 0 0 0 2 1013 1542 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 3718376 25740 257424 0 0 0 46 1017 1534 0 0 100 0 0 Can anyone advise me as to what is the cause of and how I may resolve this behaviour? A kernel/driver conflict perhaps? I don't see any processes in R or D state that might inflate the load averages artificially, I realise it may be considered low in an 8 thread system but its higher at idle than any normal behaviour I've previously come across. Thanks in advance for your time. Edit: iotop Total DISK READ: 0.00 B/s | Total DISK WRITE: 0.00 B/s TID PRIO USER DISK READ DISK WRITE SWAPIN IO> COMMAND 26 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.29 % [events/0] 3205 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.10 % [kondemand/2] 3208 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kondemand/5] 3209 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kondemand/6] 3207 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.10 % 0.00 % [kondemand/4] 3210 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kondemand/7] 3227 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % irqbalance 3288 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [rpciod/1] 3287 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [rpciod/0] 3206 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kondemand/3] 3069 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % auditd 3070 be/2 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % audispd 655 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kauditd] 3619 be/4 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % automount 3 be/7 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [ksoftirqd/0] 3068 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % auditd 29 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/3] 4 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/0] 7 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/1] 10 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/2] 13 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/3] 16 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/4] 19 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/5] 22 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/6] 25 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [watchdog/7] 27 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/1] 28 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.29 % 0.00 % [events/2] 30 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/4] 31 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/5] 32 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/6] 33 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [events/7] 34 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [khelper] 35 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kthread] 45 be/3 root 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % [kblockd/0]

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  • Quartz + Spring double execution on startup

    - by Osy
    I have Quartz 2.2.1 and Spring 3.2.2. app on Eclipse Juno This is my bean configuration: <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <!-- Spring Quartz --> <bean id="checkAndRouteDocumentsTask" class="net.tce.task.support.CheckAndRouteDocumentsTask" /> <bean name="checkAndRouteDocumentsJob" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean"> <property name="jobClass" value="net.tce.task.support.CheckAndRouteDocumentsJob" /> <property name="jobDataAsMap"> <map> <entry key="checkAndRouteDocumentsTask" value-ref="checkAndRouteDocumentsTask" /> </map> </property> <property name="durability" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- Simple Trigger, run every 30 seconds --> <bean id="checkAndRouteDocumentsTaskTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean"> <property name="jobDetail" ref="checkAndRouteDocumentsJob" /> <property name="repeatInterval" value="30000" /> <property name="startDelay" value="15000" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"> <property name="jobDetails"> <list> <ref bean="checkAndRouteDocumentsJob" /> </list> </property> <property name="triggers"> <list> <ref bean="checkAndRouteDocumentsTaskTrigger" /> </list> </property> </bean> My mvc spring servlet config: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="net.tce" /> <import resource="spring-quartz.xml"/> </beans> My problem is that always when startup my application, Quartz creates two jobs at the same time. My job must be execute every 30 seconds: INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:36:46 CST 2013... INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:36:46 CST 2013... INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:37:16 CST 2013... INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:37:16 CST 2013... INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:37:46 CST 2013... INFO: Starting TASK on Mon Nov 04 15:37:46 CST 2013... Thanks for your help.

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  • Uploading and Importing CSV file to SQL Server in ASP.NET WebForms

    - by Vincent Maverick Durano
    Few weeks ago I was working with a small internal project  that involves importing CSV file to Sql Server database and thought I'd share the simple implementation that I did on the project. In this post I will demonstrate how to upload and import CSV file to SQL Server database. As some may have already know, importing CSV file to SQL Server is easy and simple but difficulties arise when the CSV file contains, many columns with different data types. Basically, the provider cannot differentiate data types between the columns or the rows, blindly it will consider them as a data type based on first few rows and leave all the data which does not match the data type. To overcome this problem, I used schema.ini file to define the data type of the CSV file and allow the provider to read that and recognize the exact data types of each column. Now what is schema.ini? Taken from the documentation: The Schema.ini is a information file, used to define the data structure and format of each column that contains data in the CSV file. If schema.ini file exists in the directory, Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB provider automatically reads it and recognizes the data type information of each column in the CSV file. Thus, the provider intelligently avoids the misinterpretation of data types before inserting the data into the database. For more information see: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms709353%28VS.85%29.aspx Points to remember before creating schema.ini:   1. The schema information file, must always named as 'schema.ini'.   2. The schema.ini file must be kept in the same directory where the CSV file exists.   3. The schema.ini file must be created before reading the CSV file.   4. The first line of the schema.ini, must the name of the CSV file, followed by the properties of the CSV file, and then the properties of the each column in the CSV file. Here's an example of how the schema looked like: [Employee.csv] ColNameHeader=False Format=CSVDelimited DateTimeFormat=dd-MMM-yyyy Col1=EmployeeID Long Col2=EmployeeFirstName Text Width 100 Col3=EmployeeLastName Text Width 50 Col4=EmployeeEmailAddress Text Width 50 To get started lets's go a head and create a simple blank database. Just for the purpose of this demo I created a database called TestDB. After creating the database then lets go a head and fire up Visual Studio and then create a new WebApplication project. Under the root application create a folder called UploadedCSVFiles and then place the schema.ini on that folder. The uploaded CSV files will be stored in this folder after the user imports the file. Now add a WebForm in the project and set up the HTML mark up and add one (1) FileUpload control one(1)Button and three (3) Label controls. After that we can now proceed with the codes for uploading and importing the CSV file to SQL Server database. Here are the full code blocks below: 1: using System; 2: using System.Data; 3: using System.Data.SqlClient; 4: using System.Data.OleDb; 5: using System.IO; 6: using System.Text; 7:   8: namespace WebApplication1 9: { 10: public partial class CSVToSQLImporting : System.Web.UI.Page 11: { 12: private string GetConnectionString() 13: { 14: return System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DBConnectionString"].ConnectionString; 15: } 16: private void CreateDatabaseTable(DataTable dt, string tableName) 17: { 18:   19: string sqlQuery = string.Empty; 20: string sqlDBType = string.Empty; 21: string dataType = string.Empty; 22: int maxLength = 0; 23: StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 24:   25: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format("CREATE TABLE {0} (", tableName)); 26:   27: for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++) 28: { 29: dataType = dt.Columns[i].DataType.ToString(); 30: if (dataType == "System.Int32") 31: { 32: sqlDBType = "INT"; 33: } 34: else if (dataType == "System.String") 35: { 36: sqlDBType = "NVARCHAR"; 37: maxLength = dt.Columns[i].MaxLength; 38: } 39:   40: if (maxLength > 0) 41: { 42: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format(" {0} {1} ({2}), ", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName, sqlDBType, maxLength)); 43: } 44: else 45: { 46: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format(" {0} {1}, ", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName, sqlDBType)); 47: } 48: } 49:   50: sqlQuery = sb.ToString(); 51: sqlQuery = sqlQuery.Trim().TrimEnd(','); 52: sqlQuery = sqlQuery + " )"; 53:   54: using (SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionString())) 55: { 56: sqlConn.Open(); 57: SqlCommand sqlCmd = new SqlCommand(sqlQuery, sqlConn); 58: sqlCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 59: sqlConn.Close(); 60: } 61:   62: } 63: private void LoadDataToDatabase(string tableName, string fileFullPath, string delimeter) 64: { 65: string sqlQuery = string.Empty; 66: StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 67:   68: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format("BULK INSERT {0} ", tableName)); 69: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format(" FROM '{0}'", fileFullPath)); 70: sb.AppendFormat(string.Format(" WITH ( FIELDTERMINATOR = '{0}' , ROWTERMINATOR = '\n' )", delimeter)); 71:   72: sqlQuery = sb.ToString(); 73:   74: using (SqlConnection sqlConn = new SqlConnection(GetConnectionString())) 75: { 76: sqlConn.Open(); 77: SqlCommand sqlCmd = new SqlCommand(sqlQuery, sqlConn); 78: sqlCmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); 79: sqlConn.Close(); 80: } 81: } 82: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 83: { 84:   85: } 86: protected void BTNImport_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 87: { 88: if (FileUpload1.HasFile) 89: { 90: FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName); 91: if (fileInfo.Name.Contains(".csv")) 92: { 93:   94: string fileName = fileInfo.Name.Replace(".csv", "").ToString(); 95: string csvFilePath = Server.MapPath("UploadedCSVFiles") + "\\" + fileInfo.Name; 96:   97: //Save the CSV file in the Server inside 'MyCSVFolder' 98: FileUpload1.SaveAs(csvFilePath); 99:   100: //Fetch the location of CSV file 101: string filePath = Server.MapPath("UploadedCSVFiles") + "\\"; 102: string strSql = "SELECT * FROM [" + fileInfo.Name + "]"; 103: string strCSVConnString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";" + "Extended Properties='text;HDR=YES;'"; 104:   105: // load the data from CSV to DataTable 106:   107: OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(strSql, strCSVConnString); 108: DataTable dtCSV = new DataTable(); 109: DataTable dtSchema = new DataTable(); 110:   111: adapter.FillSchema(dtCSV, SchemaType.Mapped); 112: adapter.Fill(dtCSV); 113:   114: if (dtCSV.Rows.Count > 0) 115: { 116: CreateDatabaseTable(dtCSV, fileName); 117: Label2.Text = string.Format("The table ({0}) has been successfully created to the database.", fileName); 118:   119: string fileFullPath = filePath + fileInfo.Name; 120: LoadDataToDatabase(fileName, fileFullPath, ","); 121:   122: Label1.Text = string.Format("({0}) records has been loaded to the table {1}.", dtCSV.Rows.Count, fileName); 123: } 124: else 125: { 126: LBLError.Text = "File is empty."; 127: } 128: } 129: else 130: { 131: LBLError.Text = "Unable to recognize file."; 132: } 133:   134: } 135: } 136: } 137: } The code above consists of three (3) private methods which are the GetConnectionString(), CreateDatabaseTable() and LoadDataToDatabase(). The GetConnectionString() is a method that returns a string. This method basically gets the connection string that is configured in the web.config file. The CreateDatabaseTable() is method that accepts two (2) parameters which are the DataTable and the filename. As the method name already suggested, this method automatically create a Table to the database based on the source DataTable and the filename of the CSV file. The LoadDataToDatabase() is a method that accepts three (3) parameters which are the tableName, fileFullPath and delimeter value. This method is where the actual saving or importing of data from CSV to SQL server happend. The codes at BTNImport_Click event handles the uploading of CSV file to the specified location and at the same time this is where the CreateDatabaseTable() and LoadDataToDatabase() are being called. If you notice I also added some basic trappings and validations within that event. Now to test the importing utility then let's create a simple data in a CSV format. Just for the simplicity of this demo let's create a CSV file and name it as "Employee" and add some data on it. Here's an example below: 1,VMS,Durano,[email protected] 2,Jennifer,Cortes,[email protected] 3,Xhaiden,Durano,[email protected] 4,Angel,Santos,[email protected] 5,Kier,Binks,[email protected] 6,Erika,Bird,[email protected] 7,Vianne,Durano,[email protected] 8,Lilibeth,Tree,[email protected] 9,Bon,Bolger,[email protected] 10,Brian,Jones,[email protected] Now save the newly created CSV file in some location in your hard drive. Okay let's run the application and browse the CSV file that we have just created. Take a look at the sample screen shots below: After browsing the CSV file. After clicking the Import Button Now if we look at the database that we have created earlier you'll notice that the Employee table is created with the imported data on it. See below screen shot.   That's it! I hope someone find this post useful! Technorati Tags: ASP.NET,CSV,SQL,C#,ADO.NET

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  • ODI 11g – Expert Accelerator for Model Creation

    - by David Allan
    Following on from my post earlier this morning on scripting model and topology creation tonight I thought I’d add a little UI to make those groovy functions a little more palatable. In OWB we have experts for capturing user input, with the groovy console we open up opportunities to build UI around the scripts in a very easy way – even I can do it;-) After a little googling around I found some useful posts on SwingBuilder, the most useful one that I used for the dialog below was this one here. This dialog captures user input for the technology and context for the model and logical schema etc to be created. You can see there are a variety of interesting controls, and its really easy to do. The dialog captures the users input, then when OK is pressed I call the functions from the earlier post to create the logical schema (plus all the other objects) and model. The image below shows what was created, you can see the model (with typo in name), the model is Oracle technology and references the logical schema ORACLE_SCOTT (that I named in dialog above), the logical schema is mapped via the GLOBAL context to the data server ORACLE_SCOTT_DEV (that I named in dialog above), and the physical schema used was just the user name that I connected with – so if you wanted a different user the schema name could be added to the dialog. In a nutshell, one dialog that encapsulates a simpler mechanism for creating a model. You can create your own scripts that use dialogs like this, capture input and process. You can find the groovy script for this is here odi_create_model.groovy, again I wrapped the user capture code in a groovy function and return the result in a variable and then simply call the createLogicalSchema and createModel functions from the previous posting. The script I supplied above has everything you will need. To execute use Tools->Groovy->Open Script and then execute the green play button on the toolbar. Have fun.

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  • Controlling what data populates STAR

    - by user10747017
    Beginning with the Primavera Reporting Database 2.2\P6 Analytics 1.2 release, the first release that supported the P6 Extended Schema, a new ability was added to filter which projects could be included during an ETL run. In previous releases, all projects were included in an ETL run. Additionally, all projects with the option to enable publication are included in the ETL run by default.Because the reporting needs for P6 Extended Schema are different from those of STAR, you can define a filter that will limit the data that is included in the STAR schema. For example, your STAR schema can be filter to only include all projects in a specific Portfolio, or all projects with a project code assignment of 'For Analytics.'  Any criteria that can be defined in a Where clause and added to a view can be used to filter the projects included in the STAR schema. I highly suggest this approach when dealing with large databases. Unnecessary projects could cause the Extract portion of the ETL process to take longer. A table in STAR called etl_projectlist is the key for what projects are targeted during the ETL process. To setup the filter, perform the following steps:1. Connect to your Primavera P6 Project Management Database as Pxrptuser (extended schema owner) and create a new view:create or replace view star_project_viewasselect PROJECTOBJECTID objectidfrom projectportfolio pp, projectprojectportfolio pppwhere pp.objectid = ppp.PROJECTPORTFOLIOOBJECTIDand pp.name = 'STAR Projects'--The main field that MUST be selected in the view is the projectobjectid. Selecting any other field besides the projectobjectid will cause the view to be invalid and will not work. Any Where clause can be used, but projectobjectid is the key.2. In your STAR installation directory go the \res folder and edit the staretl.properties file.  Here you will define the view to be used.  Add the following line or update if exists:star.project.filter.ds1=star_project_view3. When running the  staretl.cmd or staretl.sh process the database link to Pxrtpuser will be accessed and this view will be used to populate the etl_projectlist table  with the appropriate projectobjectids as defined in the view created in step 1 above.

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  • Ruby on Rails 2.3.5: Populating my prod and devel database with data (migration or fixture?)

    - by randombits
    I need to populate my production database app with data in particular tables. This is before anyone ever even touches the application. This data would also be required in development mode as it's required for testing against. Fixtures are normally the way to go for testing data, but what's the "best practice" for Ruby on Rails to ship this data to the live database also upon db creation? ultimately this is a two part question I suppose. 1) What's the best way to load test data into my database for development, this will be roughly 1,000 items. Is it through a migration or through fixtures? The reason this is a different answer than the question below is that in development, there's certain fields in the tables that I'd like to make random. In production, these fields would all start with the same value of 0. 2) What's the best way to bootstrap a production db with live data I need in it, is this also through a migration or fixture? I think the answer is to seed as described here: http://lptf.blogspot.com/2009/09/seed-data-in-rails-234.html but I need a way to seed for development and seed for production. Also, why bother using Fixtures if seeding is available? When does one seed and when does one use fixtures?

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  • Spring rejecting bean name, no URL paths specified

    - by richever
    I am trying to register an interceptor using a annotation-driven controller configuration. As far as I can tell, I've done everything correctly but when I try testing the interceptor nothing happens. After looking in the logs I found the following: 2010-04-04 20:06:18,231 DEBUG [main] support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory (AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:452) - Finished creating instance of bean 'org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping#0' 2010-04-04 20:06:18,515 DEBUG [main] handler.AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping (AbstractDetectingUrlHandlerMapping.java:86) - Rejected bean name 'org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping#0': no URL paths identified 2010-04-04 20:06:19,109 DEBUG [main] support.AbstractBeanFactory (AbstractBeanFactory.java:241) - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping#0' Look at the second line of this log snippet. Is Spring rejecting the DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping bean? And if so could this be the problem with my interceptor not working? Here is my application context: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd" default-autowire="byName"> <!-- Configures the @Controller programming model --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- Scan for annotations... --> <context:component-scan base-package=" com.splash.web.controller, com.splash.web.service, com.splash.web.authentication"/> <bean id="authorizedUserInterceptor" class="com.splash.web.handler.AuthorizedUserInterceptor"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"> <property name="interceptors"> <list> <ref bean="authorizedUserInterceptor"/> </list> </property> </bean> Here is my interceptor: package com.splash.web.handler; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter; public class AuthorizedUserInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter { @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { log.debug(">>> Operation intercepted..."); return true; } } Does anyone see anything wrong with this? What does the error I mentioned above actually mean and could it have any bearing on the interceptor not being called? Thanks!

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  • Parsing a .NET DataSet returned from a .NET Web Service in Java

    - by Chris Dail
    I have to consume a .NET hosted web service from a Java application. Interoperability between the two is usually very good. The problem I'm running into is that the .NET application developer chose to expose data using the .NET DataSet object. There are lots of articles written as to why you should not do this and how it makes interoperability difficult: http://www.hanselman.com/blog/ReturningDataSetsFromWebServicesIsTheSpawnOfSatanAndRepresentsAllThatIsTrulyEvilInTheWorld.aspx http://www.lhotka.net/weblog/ThoughtsOnPassingDataSetObjectsViaWebServices.aspx http://aspnet.4guysfromrolla.com/articles/051805-1.aspx http://www.theserverside.net/tt/articles/showarticle.tss?id=Top5WSMistakes My problem is that despite this not being recommended practice, I am stuck with having to consume a web service returning a DataSet with Java. When you generate a proxy for something like this with anything other than .NET you basically end up with an object that looks like this: @XmlElement(namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema", required = true) protected Schema schema; @XmlAnyElement(lax = true) protected Object any; This first field is the actual schema that should describe the DataSet. When I process this using JAX-WS and JAXB in Java, it bring all of XS-Schema in as Java objects to be represented here. Walking the object tree of JAXB is possible but not pretty. The any field represents the raw XML for the DataSet that is in the schema specified by the schema. The structure of the dataset is pretty consistent but the data types do change. I need access to the type information and the schema does vary from call to call. I've though of a few options but none seem like 'good' options. Trying to generate Java objects from the schema using JAXB at runtime seems to be a bad idea. This would be way too slow since it would need to happen everytime. Brute force walk the schema tree using the JAXB objects that JAX-WS brought in. Maybe instead of using JAXB to parse the schema it would be easier to deal with it as XML and use XPath to try and find the type information I need. Are there other options I have not considered? Is there a Java library to parse DataSet objects easily? What have other people done who may have similar situations?

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  • Getting java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext in junit

    - by coder
    I'm using spring mvc in my application and I'm writing junit test cases for a DAO. But when I run the test, I get an error java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext. In the stacktrace, I see that this error is caused during getApplicationContext. In my applicationContext, I havent defined any servlet. Servlet mapping is done only in web.xml so I dont understand why I'm getting this error. Here is my applicationContext.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb"/> <property name="user" value="username"/> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myWorld_test</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.username">username</prop> </props> </property> <property name="packagesToScan"> <list> <value>com.myprojects.pojos</value> </list> </property> </bean> <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <context:component-scan base-package="com.myprojects"/> <context:annotation-config/> <mvc:annotation-driven/> </beans> Here is the stacktrace: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2521) at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1845) at org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.hasAnnotatedMethods(StandardAnnotationMetadata.java:161) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.isLiteConfigurationCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:106) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(ConfigurationClassUtils.java:88) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:253) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:223) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:630) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:461) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:120) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100) at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248) at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64) at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:122) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:312) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.runTestClass(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:80) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassExecuter.execute(JUnitTestClassExecuter.java:47) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.JUnitTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(JUnitTestClassProcessor.java:69) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.processTestClass(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:49) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.processTestClass(Unknown Source) at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.processTestClass(TestWorker.java:103) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35) at org.gradle.messaging.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24) at org.gradle.messaging.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:355) at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.DefaultExecutorFactory$StoppableExecutorImpl$1.run(DefaultExecutorFactory.java:66) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) ... 62 more Test class: import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; import static org.junit.Assert.*; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"}) public class UserServiceTest { @Autowired private UserService service; public UserServiceTest() { } @BeforeClass public static void setUpClass() { } @AfterClass public static void tearDownClass() { } @Before public void setUp() { } @After public void tearDown() { } } Even before writing any test method, I got this error. Any idea why this error?

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  • Generate XSD from 2005 SQL Server Database

    - by Robert Finlayson
    What is the easiest method to generate an XSD schema from a 2005 SQL Server Database? Would it be possible to generate one XSD schema for the entire Database (~100 tables)? I searched online and found a SQL example that generates one XSD for the one table: DECLARE @schema xml SET @schema = (SELECT * FROM MyTableName FOR XML AUTO, ELEMENTS, XMLSCHEMA('MyTableNameSchema')) SELECT @schema Outside of SQL Server, is there a third party tool that could generate the XSD file from the 2005 Database?

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  • @Transactional in Spring+Hibernate

    - by Arun Kumar
    I an using Spring 3.1 + Hibernate 4.x in my web application. In my DAO, i am saving User type object as following sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user); But getting following exception: org.hibernate.HibernateException: save is not valid without active transaction I googled and found similar question on SO, with following solution: Session session=getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession(); Transaction trans=session.beginTransaction(); session.save(entity); trans.commit(); That solves the problem. But in that solution, there is lot of mess of beginning and committing the transactions manually. Can't i use sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user); directly without begin/commit of transactions manually? I try to use @Transactional on my service/dao methods too, but the problem persists. EDIT : Here is my Hibernate Config File: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd"> <!-- enable the configuration of transactional behavior based on annotations --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" p:driverClassName="${db.driverClassName}" p:url="${db.url}" p:username="${db.username}" p:password="${db.password}" /> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.myapp.entities" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--Transaction Manager Added --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref bean="sessionFactory" /> </property> </bean> </beans> Please help.

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  • SQL Developer Database Diff – Compare Objects From Multiple Schemas

    - by thatjeffsmith
    Ever wonder why Database Diff isn’t called Schema Diff? One reason is because SQL Developer allows you select objects from more than one schema in the ‘Source’ connection for the compare. Simply use the ‘More’ dialog view and select as many tables from as many different schemas as you require Now, before you get around to testing this – as you should never believe what I say, trust but verify – two things you need to know: I’m using SQL Developer version 3.2 On the initial screen you need to use the ‘Maintain’ option Maintain tells SQL Developer to use the schema designation in the source connection to find the same corresponding object in the destination schema. Choose ‘maintain’ if you want to compare objects in the same schema in the destination but don’t have the user login for that schema. So after you’ve selected your databases, your diff preferences, and your objects – you’re ready to perform the compare and review your results. The DIFF Report Notice the highlighted text, SQL Developer is ‘maintaining’ the Schema context from the two databases. Short and sweet. That’s pretty much all there is to doing a compare with SQL Developer with multiple schemas involved. You may have noticed in some posts lately that my editor screenshots had a ‘green screen’ look and feel to them. What’s with the black background in your editors? In the SQL Developer preferences, you can set your editor color schemes. I started with the ‘Twilight’ scheme (team Jacob in case you’re wondering) and then customized it further by going with a default green font color. You could go pretty crazy in here, and I’m assuming 90% of you could care less and will just stick with the original. But for those of you who are particular about your IDE styling – go crazy! SQL Developer Editor Display Preferences

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  • Could not find schema information for the element 'castle'.

    - by Richard77
    Hello! I'm creating a Custom tag in my web.config. I first wrote the following entry under the configSections section. <section name="castle" type="Castle.Windsor.Configuration.AppDomain.CastleSectionHandler, Castle.Windsor" /> But, when I try to create a castle node inside the configuration node as below <castle> <components> </components> </castle> I get the following error message:"*Could not find schema information for the element 'castle*'." "*Could not find schema information for the element 'components'***." Am I missing something? I can't find why. And, if I run the application anyway, I get the following error "Could not find section 'Castle' in the configuration file associated with this domain." Ps.// The sample comes from "Pro ASP.NET MVC Framework"/Steven Sanderson/APress ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-1007-8" on page 99. Thank you for the help ============================================================ Since I believe to have done exactly what's said in the book and did not succed, I ask the same question in different terms. How do I add a new node using the above information? ============================================================================= Thank you. I did what you said and do not have the two warnings. However, I've go a big new warning: "The element 'configuration' in namespace 'MyWindsorSchema' has invalid child element 'configSections' in namespace 'MyWindsorSchema'. List of possible elements expected: 'include, properties, facilities, components' in namespace 'MyWindsorSchema'."

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  • How to create XSD schema from XML with this kind of structure (in .net)?

    - by Mr. Brownstone
    Here's the problem: my input is XML file that looks something like: <BaseEntityClassInfo> <item> <key>BaseEntityClassInfo.SomeField</key> <value>valueData1</value> </item> <item> <key>BaseEntityClassInfo.AdditionalDataClass.SomeOtherField</key> <value>valueData2</value> </item> <item> <key>BaseEntityClassInfo.AdditionalDataClass.AnotherClassInfo.DisplayedText</key> <value>valueData3</value> </item> ... ... </BaseEntityClassInfo> The <key> element somehow describes entity classes fields and relationships (used in some other app that I don't have access to) and the <value> stores the actual data that I need. My goal is to programatically generate a typed Dataset from this XML that could then be used for creating reports. I thought of building some XSD schema from input XML file first and then use this schema to generate Dataset but I'm not sure how to do that. The problem is that I don't want all data in one table, I need several tables with relationships based on the <key> value so I guess I need to infer relational structure from XML <key> data in some way. So what do you think? How could this be done and what would be the best approach? Any advice, ideas, suggestions would be appreciated!

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  • rails migration version number and new model object crazy id.

    - by fenec
    hello, i have this crazy label for each time i create a migration that use the time instead of a integer. it makes things very hard to switch between the version of the database that you want to use. i also have this crazy ID for each object that i create : How can set up rails to have easy version and id numbers. thank you

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  • 'Attempt to call private method' error when trying to change change case of db entires in migration

    - by Senthil
    class AddTitleToPosts < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up add_column :posts, :title, :string Post.find(:all).each do |post| post.update(:title => post.name.upcase) end end def self.down end end Like you can nothing particularly complicated, just trying to add new column title by changing case of name column already in db. But I get attempt to call private method error. I'm guessing it has something to do with 'self'? Thanks for your help.

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  • How to triage this MySQL duplicate entry error after running Rails migration?

    - by keruilin
    I get the following error when I try to run this migration: == AddUniquenessConstraintOnAwards: migrating ================================ -- add_index(:awards, [:badge_id, :game_week_id], {:unique=>true, :name=>:game_badge_index}) rake aborted! An error has occurred, all later migrations canceled: Mysql::Error: Duplicate entry '35-8192' for key 'game_badge_index': CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `game_badge_index` ON `awards` (`badge_id`, `game_week_id`) Has anyone encountered? What's the error telling me? How did you troubleshoot it and ultimately fix it?

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  • Which kind of changes can't I do with lightweight migration in Core Data?

    - by dontWatchMyProfile
    I recently tried a lot of different stuff with lightweight migration. These all work: 1) Rename attributes (with renaming identifier specified) 2) Add attributes 3) Add new entity + new attribute + inverse relationship to an already existing entity 4) remove existing entity + relationships to that entity = It almost looks like just about anything can be handled with LM. Did I miss something? In which cases am I getting into trouble and need an some more complex approach?

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  • Unidata and RDB migrations to Oracle

    - by llaszews
    Have a couple of unique migrations that don't come along to often. They are Unidata and RDB migrations. The top three things that make these migration more challenging are: 1. No automated data migration tools - Because these migration don't happen that often, there are no tools in the market place to automated the data migration. 2. Application is tied to database - The application needs to be re-architected/re-engineered. Unidata Basic and COBOL for RDB. TSRI can migrate Basic to Java and PL/SQL. Transoft can migrate DEC COBOL to Java. 3. New client hardware potentially involved - Many Unidata and RDB based systems use 'green screens' as the front end. These are character based screens that will run on very old dumb terminals such as: Wyse and DEC 5250 terminals. The user interface can be replicated in a web browser but many times these old terminals do not support web browsers.

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  • SQL SERVER – ?Finding Out What Changed in a Deleted Database – Notes from the Field #041

    - by Pinal Dave
    [Note from Pinal]: This is a 41th episode of Notes from the Field series. The real world is full of challenges. When we are reading theory or book, we sometimes do not realize how real world reacts works and that is why we have the series notes from the field, which is extremely popular with developers and DBA. Let us talk about interesting problem of how to figure out what has changed in the DELETED database. Well, you think I am just throwing the words but in reality this kind of problems are making our DBA’s life interesting and in this blog post we have amazing story from Brian Kelley about the same subject. In this episode of the Notes from the Field series database expert Brian Kelley explains a how to find out what has changed in deleted database. Read the experience of Brian in his own words. Sometimes, one of the hardest questions to answer is, “What changed?” A similar question is, “Did anything change other than what we expected to change?” The First Place to Check – Schema Changes History Report: Pinal has recently written on the Schema Changes History report and its requirement for the Default Trace to be enabled. This is always the first place I look when I am trying to answer these questions. There are a couple of obvious limitations with the Schema Changes History report. First, while it reports what changed, when it changed, and who changed it, other than the base DDL operation (CREATE, ALTER, DELETE), it does not present what the changes actually were. This is not something covered by the default trace. Second, the default trace has a fixed size. When it hits that size, the changes begin to overwrite. As a result, if you wait too long, especially on a busy database server, you may find your changes rolled off. But the Database Has Been Deleted! Pinal cited another issue, and that’s the inability to run the Schema Changes History report if the database has been dropped. Thankfully, all is not lost. One thing to remember is that the Schema Changes History report is ultimately driven by the Default Trace. As you may have guess, it’s a trace, like any other database trace. And the Default Trace does write to disk. The trace files are written to the defined LOG directory for that SQL Server instance and have a prefix of log_: Therefore, you can read the trace files like any other. Tip: Copy the files to a working directory. Otherwise, you may occasionally receive a file in use error. With the Default Trace files, if you ask the question early enough, you can see the information for a deleted database just the same as any other database. Testing with a Deleted Database: Here’s a short script that will create a database, create a schema, create an object, and then drop the database. Without the database, you can’t do a standard Schema Changes History report. CREATE DATABASE DeleteMe; GO USE DeleteMe; GO CREATE SCHEMA Test AUTHORIZATION dbo; GO CREATE TABLE Test.Foo (FooID INT); GO USE MASTER; GO DROP DATABASE DeleteMe; GO This sets up the perfect situation where we can’t retrieve the information using the Schema Changes History report but where it’s still available. Finding the Information: I’ve sorted the columns so I can see the Event Subclass, the Start Time, the Database Name, the Object Name, and the Object Type at the front, but otherwise, I’m just looking at the trace files using SQL Profiler. As you can see, the information is definitely there: Therefore, even in the case of a dropped/deleted database, you can still determine who did what and when. You can even determine who dropped the database (loginame is captured). The key is to get the default trace files in a timely manner in order to extract the information. If you want to get started with performance tuning and database security with the help of experts, read more over at Fix Your SQL Server. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: Notes from the Field, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Security, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • Upgrading to Code Based Migrations EF 4.3.1 with Connector/Net 6.6

    - by GABMARTINEZ
    Entity Framework 4.3.1 includes a new feature called code first migrations.  We are adding support for this feature in our upcoming 6.6 release of Connector/Net.  In this walk-through we'll see the workflow of code-based migrations when you have an existing application and you would like to upgrade to this EF 4.3.1 version and use this approach, so you can keep track of the changes that you do to your database.   The first thing we need to do is add the new Entity Framework 4.3.1 package to our application. This should via the NuGet package manager.  You can read more about why EF is not part of the .NET framework here. Adding EF 4.3.1 to our existing application  Inside VS 2010 go to Tools -> Library Package Manager -> Package Manager Console, this will open the Power Shell Host Window where we can work with all the EF commands. In order to install this library to your existing application you should type Install-Package EntityFramework This will make some changes to your application. So Let's check them. In your .config file you'll see a  <configSections> which contains the version you have from EntityFramework and also was added the <entityFramework> section as shown below. This section is by default configured to use SQL Express which won't be necesary for this case. So you can comment it out or leave it empty. Also please make sure you're using the Connector/Net 6.6.x version which is the one that has this support as is shown in the previous image. At this point we face one issue; in order to be able to work with Migrations we need the __MigrationHistory table that we don't have yet since our Database was created with an older version. This table is used to keep track of the changes in our model. So we need to get it in our existing Database. Getting a Migration-History table into an existing database First thing we need to do to enable migrations in our existing application is to create our configuration class which will set up the MySqlClient Provider as our SQL Generator. So we have to add it with the following code: using System.Data.Entity.Migrations;     //add this at the top of your cs file public class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<NameOfYourDbContext>  //Make sure to use the name of your existing DBContext { public Configuration() { this.AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false; //Set Automatic migrations to false since we'll be applying the migrations manually for this case. SetSqlGenerator("MySql.Data.MySqlClient", new MySql.Data.Entity.MySqlMigrationSqlGenerator());     }   }  This code will set up our configuration that we'll be using when executing all the migrations for our application. Once we have done this we can Build our application so we can check that everything is fine. Creating our Initial Migration Now let's add our Initial Migration. In Package Manager Console, execute "add-migration InitialCreate", you can use any other name but I like to set this as our initial create for future reference. After we run this command, some changes were done in our application: A new Migrations Folder was created. A new class migration call InitialCreate which in most of the cases should have empty Up and Down methods as long as your database is up to date with your Model. Since all your entities already exists, delete all duplicated code to create any entity which exists already in your Database if there is any. I found this easier when you don't have any pending updates to do to your database. Now we have our empty migration that will make no changes in our database and represents how are all the things at the begining of our migrations.  Finally, let's create our MigrationsHistory table. Optionally you can add SQL code to delete the edmdata table which is not needed anymore. public override void Up() { // Just make sure that you used 4.1 or later version         Sql("DROP TABLE EdmMetadata"); } From our Package Manager Console let's type: Update-database; If you like to see the operations made on each Update-database command you can use the flag -verbose after the Update-database. This will make two important changes.  It will execute the Up method in the initial migration which has no changes in the database. And second, and very important,  it will create the __MigrationHistory table necessary to keep track of your changes. And next time you make a change to your database it will compare the current model to the one stored in the Model Column of this table. Conclusion The important thing of this walk through is that we must create our initial migration before we start doing any changes to our model. This way we'll be adding the necessary __MigrationsHistory table to our existing database, so we can keep our database up to date with all the changes we do in our context model using migrations. Hope you have found this information useful. Please let us know if you have any questions or comments, also please check our forums here where we keep answering questions in general for the community.  Happy MySQL/Net Coding!

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  • SQL SERVER – Guest Post – Architecting Data Warehouse – Niraj Bhatt

    - by pinaldave
    Niraj Bhatt works as an Enterprise Architect for a Fortune 500 company and has an innate passion for building / studying software systems. He is a top rated speaker at various technical forums including Tech·Ed, MCT Summit, Developer Summit, and Virtual Tech Days, among others. Having run a successful startup for four years Niraj enjoys working on – IT innovations that can impact an enterprise bottom line, streamlining IT budgets through IT consolidation, architecture and integration of systems, performance tuning, and review of enterprise applications. He has received Microsoft MVP award for ASP.NET, Connected Systems and most recently on Windows Azure. When he is away from his laptop, you will find him taking deep dives in automobiles, pottery, rafting, photography, cooking and financial statements though not necessarily in that order. He is also a manager/speaker at BDOTNET, Asia’s largest .NET user group. Here is the guest post by Niraj Bhatt. As data in your applications grows it’s the database that usually becomes a bottleneck. It’s hard to scale a relational DB and the preferred approach for large scale applications is to create separate databases for writes and reads. These databases are referred as transactional database and reporting database. Though there are tools / techniques which can allow you to create snapshot of your transactional database for reporting purpose, sometimes they don’t quite fit the reporting requirements of an enterprise. These requirements typically are data analytics, effective schema (for an Information worker to self-service herself), historical data, better performance (flat data, no joins) etc. This is where a need for data warehouse or an OLAP system arises. A Key point to remember is a data warehouse is mostly a relational database. It’s built on top of same concepts like Tables, Rows, Columns, Primary keys, Foreign Keys, etc. Before we talk about how data warehouses are typically structured let’s understand key components that can create a data flow between OLTP systems and OLAP systems. There are 3 major areas to it: a) OLTP system should be capable of tracking its changes as all these changes should go back to data warehouse for historical recording. For e.g. if an OLTP transaction moves a customer from silver to gold category, OLTP system needs to ensure that this change is tracked and send to data warehouse for reporting purpose. A report in context could be how many customers divided by geographies moved from sliver to gold category. In data warehouse terminology this process is called Change Data Capture. There are quite a few systems that leverage database triggers to move these changes to corresponding tracking tables. There are also out of box features provided by some databases e.g. SQL Server 2008 offers Change Data Capture and Change Tracking for addressing such requirements. b) After we make the OLTP system capable of tracking its changes we need to provision a batch process that can run periodically and takes these changes from OLTP system and dump them into data warehouse. There are many tools out there that can help you fill this gap – SQL Server Integration Services happens to be one of them. c) So we have an OLTP system that knows how to track its changes, we have jobs that run periodically to move these changes to warehouse. The question though remains is how warehouse will record these changes? This structural change in data warehouse arena is often covered under something called Slowly Changing Dimension (SCD). While we will talk about dimensions in a while, SCD can be applied to pure relational tables too. SCD enables a database structure to capture historical data. This would create multiple records for a given entity in relational database and data warehouses prefer having their own primary key, often known as surrogate key. As I mentioned a data warehouse is just a relational database but industry often attributes a specific schema style to data warehouses. These styles are Star Schema or Snowflake Schema. The motivation behind these styles is to create a flat database structure (as opposed to normalized one), which is easy to understand / use, easy to query and easy to slice / dice. Star schema is a database structure made up of dimensions and facts. Facts are generally the numbers (sales, quantity, etc.) that you want to slice and dice. Fact tables have these numbers and have references (foreign keys) to set of tables that provide context around those facts. E.g. if you have recorded 10,000 USD as sales that number would go in a sales fact table and could have foreign keys attached to it that refers to the sales agent responsible for sale and to time table which contains the dates between which that sale was made. These agent and time tables are called dimensions which provide context to the numbers stored in fact tables. This schema structure of fact being at center surrounded by dimensions is called Star schema. A similar structure with difference of dimension tables being normalized is called a Snowflake schema. This relational structure of facts and dimensions serves as an input for another analysis structure called Cube. Though physically Cube is a special structure supported by commercial databases like SQL Server Analysis Services, logically it’s a multidimensional structure where dimensions define the sides of cube and facts define the content. Facts are often called as Measures inside a cube. Dimensions often tend to form a hierarchy. E.g. Product may be broken into categories and categories in turn to individual items. Category and Items are often referred as Levels and their constituents as Members with their overall structure called as Hierarchy. Measures are rolled up as per dimensional hierarchy. These rolled up measures are called Aggregates. Now this may seem like an overwhelming vocabulary to deal with but don’t worry it will sink in as you start working with Cubes and others. Let’s see few other terms that we would run into while talking about data warehouses. ODS or an Operational Data Store is a frequently misused term. There would be few users in your organization that want to report on most current data and can’t afford to miss a single transaction for their report. Then there is another set of users that typically don’t care how current the data is. Mostly senior level executives who are interesting in trending, mining, forecasting, strategizing, etc. don’t care for that one specific transaction. This is where an ODS can come in handy. ODS can use the same star schema and the OLAP cubes we saw earlier. The only difference is that the data inside an ODS would be short lived, i.e. for few months and ODS would sync with OLTP system every few minutes. Data warehouse can periodically sync with ODS either daily or weekly depending on business drivers. Data marts are another frequently talked about topic in data warehousing. They are subject-specific data warehouse. Data warehouses that try to span over an enterprise are normally too big to scope, build, manage, track, etc. Hence they are often scaled down to something called Data mart that supports a specific segment of business like sales, marketing, or support. Data marts too, are often designed using star schema model discussed earlier. Industry is divided when it comes to use of data marts. Some experts prefer having data marts along with a central data warehouse. Data warehouse here acts as information staging and distribution hub with spokes being data marts connected via data feeds serving summarized data. Others eliminate the need for a centralized data warehouse citing that most users want to report on detailed data. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Best Practices, Business Intelligence, Data Warehousing, Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, Readers Contribution, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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