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• bash dirtrim produces strange results with ~/foo/bar/var directory

  - by queueoverflow

  In some of my projects, I keep a var or a lib folder for runtime output and external libraries. To keep my prompt rather short, I have the export PROMPT_DIRTRIM=3 option in my .bashrc. This works very well for most paths, but as soon as I have a /var in there, it goes nuts like this (for ~/Projects/someproject/var/gfx): ~/.../gfxr/gfxr/gfxr/gfxr/gfxr/gfx Interestingly, it works with /opt/lampp/lib Is there some way to get around this? Update my .bashrc my .bash_functions

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• OS evaluate in bash script

  - by moata_u

  i was thinking in way that before run my script , evaluate which operating system that user use ubuntu or solaris , am using this because there is some differences in command option in each OS such as sed .. , i was trying the following : sysEval=`grep "ubuntu" | uname -a` if [ sysEval ]; then .......some command else ....... some command fi NOTE That my script will run only in ubuntu or solaris seems not working !

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• How to extract a record in a text on string match in a file using bash

  - by private

  Hi I have a text file sample.txt as =====record1 title:javabook price:$120 author:john path:d: =====record2 title:.netbook author:paul path:f: =====record3 author:john title:phpbook subject:php path:f: price:$150 =====record4 title:phpbook subject:php path:f: price:$150 from this I want to split the data based on author, it should split into 2 files which contains test1.txt =====record1 title:javabook price:$120 author:john path:d: =====record3 author:john title:phpbook subject:php path:f: price:$150 and test2.txt =====record2 title:.netbook author:paul path:f: like above I want to classify the main sample.txt file into sub files based on author field dynamically. Please suggest me a way to do it.

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• Anomaly with bash PS1 definition

  - by Michael Wiles

  My root and admin user both have the same .bashrc file. The prompt section of the .bashrc is the following: if [ "$color_prompt" = yes ]; then PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ ' else PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ ' fi unset color_prompt force_color_prompt # If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir case "$TERM" in xterm*|rxvt*) PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h: \w\a\]$PS1" ;; *) ;; esac But the problem is that the admin user and root user have different prompts. admin's prompt is: admin@hostname:~$ and root's prompt is root@hostname:/home# So it seems root is using the "xterm" version and admin is not. Why does the .bashrc file have this difference in prompts? How do I get the admin user to also use the xterm version? How would I test that condition? If I run echo $TERM while running as the admin user I get xterm so as far as I can tell, it should be using the xterm version for the admin user.

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• Bash command history not working

  - by user12663

  The command history between sessions is not getting saved. I'm using guake and the history for the session is working fine. I noticed that .bash_history had some commands I executed in sudo -s mode and tried the same again and all the commands while in the session got saved so I tried chmod 777 .bash_history Now the old commands appear at the start of a session but no new commands are getting saved Thanx in advance

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• bash profile works for user but not sudo

  - by user564448

  I've modified my .profile to include a folder if a flash drive is plugged in. When running the command as the user it works fine but tells me the scrip must be run by sudo (this is what i want). However, when i try to run it with sudo i get "command not found" I have a symlink (flash) in my /var/www folder pointing to my /media/flash drive. (nevermind this setup since is just for dev) this is my user's .profile : # set PATH so it includes flash scripts if [ -d "/var/www/flash/scripts" ] ; then PATH="/var/www/flash/scripts:$PATH" fi when trying to run as sudo i get: sudo: script: command not found any ideas?

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• When to use SQL Table Alias

  - by Rossini

  I curious to know how people are using table alias. The other developers where I work always use table alias, and always use the alias of a, b, c, ect. Here's an example SELECT a.TripNum, b.SegmentNum, b.StopNum, b.ArrivalTime FROM Trip a, Segment b WHERE a.TripNum = b.TripNum I disagree with them, and think table alias should be use more sparingly. I think it should be used when including the same table twice in a query, or when the table name is very long and using a shorter name in the query will make the query easier to read. I also think the alias should be a good name instead of a letter. In the above example if I felt I needed to use 1 letter table alias I would use t for the Trip table and s for the segment table.

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• Create an alias in Windows XP

  - by Lord Torgamus

  Back in school, I used to have a .login file along the lines of alias ll = ls -l alias dir = ls -Fhl alias web = cd ~/public/public_www/development ... I'd like to do that sort of thing with my XP box here at work, but most of the resources I've found online seem fairly complicated and heavy-duty. Is there a way to do this that doesn't involve mucking about in the registry or running a large batch file? EDIT: My original reason for asking this was that I only need the command line for one command in one specific folder, and I wanted to be able to get to that folder quickly when I launched the command line. But the accepted answer for this question is so good that I decided to ask about my original issue as a separate question here.

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• How do I change bash history completion to complete what's already on the line?

  - by blokkie

  I found a command a couple of months ago that made my bash history auto-complete on what's already on the line when pressing the up arrow: $ vim fi Press ? $ vim file.py I'd like to set this up on my new computer, because it saves a lot of time when keeping a big history. The problem is that I can't for the life of me remember where it was mentioned and reading through endless bash references and tutorials unfortunately didn't help either. Does anybody know the command?

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• How to set local alias for a machine?

  - by Alex G.

  I would like to set an alias on my local PC for a network machine. I know that it can be done by adding an entry in the hosts file as long as the IP address of the machine is also specified. However, the problem is that IPs are dynamically assigned by a DHCP server so I don't know for sure the IP address. Is there a way to define just an alias based on the machine's network name? P.S.: I'm running Windows Server 2008 R2.

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• Bash alias with piping

  - by n8felton

  I'm not exactly sure what I'm doing wrong with this one. I'm trying to run the command alias localip='ip -4 -o addr show eth0 | egrep -o '([[:digit:]]{1,3}\.){3}[[:digit:]]{1,3}' | head -n 1' If I run the command ip -4 -o addr show eth0 | egrep -o '([[:digit:]]{1,3}\.){3}[[:digit:]]{1,3}' | head -n 1 I get the result I expect, however, when trying to create an alias with the command, I get -bash: syntax error near unexpected token `(' Any help would be appreciated. TIA.

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• Create an Alias Directory inside a Virtual Host

  - by Praveen Kumar

  First, let me say, I asked this question in StackOverflow, and thought I could get more replies here. I checked here, here, here, here, here, and here before asking this question. I guess my search skills are weak. I am using the WampServer version 2.2e. I have a need like, I need a virtual path inside a virtual host. Let me say the two hosts that I have. Primary Virtual Host (Localhost) NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName localhost DocumentRoot "C:/Wamp/www" </VirtualHost> My Apps Virtual Hosts <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName apps.ptrl DocumentRoot "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps" ErrorLog "logs/apps-ptrl-error.log" CustomLog "logs/apps-ptrl-access.log" common <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php </VirtualHost> My Blog Virtual Host <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName blog.praveen-kumar.ptrl DocumentRoot "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog" ErrorLog "logs/praveen-kumar-ptrl-error.log" CustomLog "logs/praveen-kumar-ptrl-access.log" common <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php </VirtualHost> My requirement now is to have http://apps.ptrl/blog/ and http://blog.praveen-kumar.ptrl/ should be the same directory. One thing I thought of is, moving the blog folder inside the apps folder, but it is connected with Git and other stuffs are there, so it is not possible to move the folder. So, I thought of creating an alias to the VirtualHost in this way: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName apps.ptrl DocumentRoot "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps" ErrorLog "logs/apps-ptrl-error.log" CustomLog "logs/apps-ptrl-access.log" common <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php # The alias to the blog! Alias /blog "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog" <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> </VirtualHost> But when I tried to access http://apps.ptrl/blog, I am getting an Error 403 Forbidden page. Am I doing the right thing? If you need to look at the access log, and error log, they are here: # Access Log 127.0.0.1 - - [14/Oct/2012:09:53:11 +0530] "GET /blog HTTP/1.1" 403 206 127.0.0.1 - - [14/Oct/2012:09:53:11 +0530] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 209 127.0.0.1 - - [14/Oct/2012:09:53:53 +0530] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 6935 127.0.0.1 - - [14/Oct/2012:09:53:53 +0530] "GET /app/blog/thumb.png HTTP/1.1" 404 216 # Error Log [Sun Oct 14 09:53:11 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] client denied by server configuration: C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog [Sun Oct 14 09:53:11 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps/favicon.ico [Sun Oct 14 09:53:53 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps/app/blog, referer: http://apps.ptrl/ Waiting eagerly for some help. I am ready to provide more info, if needed. Update #1: Changed VirtualHosts: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName apps.ptrl DocumentRoot "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps" ErrorLog "logs/apps-ptrl-error.log" CustomLog "logs/apps-ptrl-access.log" common # The alias to the blog! Alias /blog "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog" <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/praveen-kumar/blog"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory "C:/Wamp/vhosts/ptrl/apps"> allow from all order allow,deny AllowOverride All </Directory> DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php </VirtualHost> The issue now: I am able to access the site. The physical links are working now. i.e., I am able to open http://apps.ptrl/blog/index.php but not http://apps.ptrl/blog/view-1.ptf, which gets translated to http://apps.ptrl/blog/index.php?page=view&id=1. Any solutions?

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• Bash History not containing all history and blank after reboot, how to resolve?

  - by TryTryAgain

  I've recently upgraded from 13.04 to 13.10 and realized my terminal bash history is not surviving reboots. cat ~/.bash_history gave me a permissions denied error. I, possibly unnecessarily or wrongly, issued a chmod 777 ~/.bash_history to see if that would help...and although I could then cat and read some contents it contained not much of anything as far as history. I also tried sudo rm ~/.bash_history after reading bash history not being preserved Strangely, after doing that, I typed a few test commands, ls, ls -lah ... and upon pressing the up arrow to go back through history it contained those two commands as well as the odd history from some far off time in the past but very few results and not the hundreds of commands I typed earlier in the day. Is there a new place bash history is stored? How can removing ~/.bash_history not get rid of the commands that are somehow lingering? I am not certain, but I believe my root bash history is acting normal. My user bash history is what's causing me trouble. Any help and guidance in tracking down and solving this problem is appreciated.

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• Is there a difference between "." and "source" in bash, after all?

  - by ysap

  I was looking for the difference between the "." and "source" builtin commands and a few sources (e.g., in this discussion, and the bash manpage) suggest that these are just the same. However, following a problem with environment variables, I conducted a test. I created a file testenv.sh that contains: #!/bin/bash echo $MY_VAR In the command prompt, I performed the following: > chmod +x testenv.sh > MY_VAR=12345 > ./testenv.sh > source testenv.sh 12345 > MY_VAR=12345 ./testenv.sh 12345 [note that the 1st form returned an empty string] So, this little experiment suggests that there is a difference after all, where for the "source" command, the child environment inherits all the variables from the parent one, where for the "." it does not. Am I missing something, or is this is an undocumented/deprecated feature of bash? [ GNU bash, version 4.1.5(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) ]

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• Why some user functions don't get recognised by bash?

  - by strapakowsky

  I can define a function like: myfunction () { ls -R "$1" ; } And then myfunction . just works. But if I do echo "myfunction ." | sh echo "myfunction ." | bash the messages are: sh: myfunction: not found bash: line 1: myfunction: command not found Why? And how can I call a function that comes from a string if not by piping it to sh or bash? I know there is this command source, but I am confused of when I should use source and when sh or bash. Also, I cannot pipe through source. To add to confusion, there is this command . that seems to have nothing to do with the "." that means "current directory".

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• Delete until previous punctuation mark in Bash

  - by hekevintran

  In Bash, Ctrl + W will erase the last word. Bash considers words to be delimited by spaces. This means that if the cursor is at the end of the string "cd /dir1/dir2/dir3" and you hit Ctrl + W you will be left with "cd ". Is there a Bash shortcut (custom defined is okay) that will leave me with "cd /dir1/dir2/"?

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• Simple bash scripting

  - by Richard Cotton

  I'm trying to get to grips with bash scripting via cygwin. My script is about as simple as it gets. I change the directory to the root of my C drive, and print the new location. #!/usr/bin/bash cd /cygdrive/c pwd is saved in the file chdir.sh in my home directory. I then call ./chdir.sh from the bash prompt. This results in the error : No such file or directorygdrive/c /cygdrive/c/Documents and Settings/rcotton I definitely have a C drive, and the command cd /cygdrive/c works when I call it directly from the bash prompt. I realise that this problem is likely stupidly simple; please can you tell me what I'm doing wrong.

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• Accessing the output of a Bash pipe with 'read'

  - by Karthik

  I'm trying to pipe some data from a Bash pipe into a Bash variable using the read command, like this: $ echo "Alexander the Grape" | read quot $ echo $quot $ But quot is empty. Some Googling revealed that this is not a bug; it's an intended feature of Bash. (Section E5 in the FAQ.) But when I tried the same thing in zsh, it worked. (Ditto for ksh.) Is there any way to make this work in Bash? I really don't want to have to type: $ quot=$(echo "Alexander the Grape") Especially for long commands.

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• Call 'script' command and exit it from within a bash script

  - by William Jamieson

  I'm using the linux 'script' command http://www.linuxcommand.org/man_pages/script1.html to log all input and output in an interactive bash script. At the moment I have to call the script command, then run my bash script, then exit. I want to run the script and exit commands from within the actual bash script itself. How can I do this? I've tried script -a but that doesn't work for interactive scripts. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated.

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• Bash script 'while read' loop causes 'broken pipe' error when run with GNU Parallel

  - by Joe White

  According to the GNU Parallel mailing list this is not a GNU Parallel-specific problem. They suggested that I post my problem here. The error I'm getting is a "broken pipe" error, but I feel I should first explain the context of my problem and what causes this error. It happens when trying to use any bash script containing a 'while read' loop in GNU Parallel. I have a basic bash script like this: #!/bin/bash # linkcheck.sh while read domain do host "$domain" done Assume that I want to pipe in a large list (250mb say). cat urllist | ./linkcheck.sh Running host command on 250mb worth of URLs is rather slow. To speed things up I want to break up the input into chunks before piping it and then run multiple jobs in parallel. GNU Parallel is capable of doing this. cat urllist | parallel --pipe -j0 parallel ./linkcheck.sh {} {} is substituted by the contents of urllist line-by-line. Assume that my systems default setup is capable of running 500ish jobs per instance of parallel. To get round this limitation we can parallelize Parallel itself: cat urllist | parallel -j10 --pipe parallel -j0 ./linkcheck.sh {} This will run 5000'ish jobs. It will also, sadly, cause the error "broken pipe" (bash FAQ). Yet the script starts to work if I remove the while read loop and take input directly from whatever is fed into {} e.g., #!/bin/bash # linkchecker.sh domain="$1" host "$1" Why will it not work with a while read loop? Is it safe to just turn off the SIGPIPE signal to stop the "broken pipe" message, or will that have side effects such as data corruption? Thanks for reading.

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• How to pass bash script arguments to a subshell

  - by Ralf Holly

  I have a wrapper script that does some work and then passes the original parameters on to another tool: #!/bin/bash # ... other_tool -a -b "$@" This works fine, unless the "other tool" is run in a subshell: #!/bin/bash # ... bash -c "other_tool -a -b $@" If I call my wrapper script like this: wrapper.sh -x "blah blup" then, only the first orginal argument (-x) is handed to "other_tool". In reality, I do not create a subshell, but pass the original arguments to a shell on an Android phone, which shouldn't make any difference: #!/bin/bash # ... adb sh -c "other_tool -a -b $@"

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• Strange difference in bash behavior across systems

  - by pinkie_d_pie_0228

  I have two systems, an Ubuntu computer and an Android tablet. I have built and configured bash for Android to be used in adb, so it's the same version as my Ubuntu bash, and they use mostly the same bashrc and configuration, and the same exact options set by shopt. However, there is a slight difference in that the Android bash behaves as I expect when I I try to tab-complete something using a variable in it, but the Ubuntu bash doesn't. #Android ls $HOME/loc<tab> => ls $HOME/local #As expected Basically, the variable is taken into account when completing. But then #Ubuntu ls $HOME/loc<tab> => ls \$HOME/loc #Undesired behavior. The list of options is as follows, and is the same in both builds of bash. autocd:checkwinsize:cmdhist:expand_aliases:extglob:extquote:force_fignore:histappend:interactive_comments:progcomp:promptvars:sourcepath What can be making the Ubuntu version escape the $ instead of using it for completion as in the Android build? What can I do to make both work the same way? Any help will be greatly appreciated.

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• How to interrupt stuck bash tab completion?

  - by codeape

  Case: A Windows share mounted using samba over a flaky VPN connection (sometimes very slow, sometimes it drops) When doing tab-completion on filenames, my bash shell can freeze up if the VPN is slow or dropped when I am attempting the tab completion. Example: $ cp myfile.zip /mnt/winbox-c/Progr<tab> key pressed here Is there a bash key I can press to get bash out of its hung state when something like this happens?

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• How to make BASH try and autocomplete on Enter

  - by swatso33

  I've noticed that for many of the commands I use in bash I have actually learned how many letters of the command I must type before I can press [TAB] to have bash successfully autocomplete the command. For example when opening chromium I dont usually type the whole command but instead type $ chrom[TAB][ENTER] and bash successfully autocompletes the command to chromium before I hit the [ENTER] key. Is there a way to make autocomplete work without having to hit [TAB]? My general thinking is that if I type $ chrom[ENTER] bash could check and see that chrom isnt a valid command, but it would make sense to autocomplete it to chromium since that is the only command that starts with chrom

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• Sourcing a script file in bash before starting an executable

  - by abigagli

  Hi, I'm trying to write a bash script that "wraps" whatever the user wants to invoke (and its parameters) sourcing a fixed file just before actually invoking it. To clarify: I have a "ConfigureMyEnvironment.bash" script that must be sourced before starting certain executables, so I'd like to have a "LaunchInMyEnvironment.bash" script that you can use as in: LaunchInMyEnvironment <whatever_executable_i_want_to_wrap> arg0 arg1 arg2 I tried the following LaunchInMyEnvironment.bash: #!/usr/bin/bash launchee="$@" if [ -e ConfigureMyEnvironment.bash ]; then source ConfigureMyEnvironment.bash; fi exec "$launchee" where I have to use the "launchee" variable to save the $@ var because after executing source, $@ becomes empty. Anyway, this doesn't work and fails as follows: myhost $ LaunchInMyEnvironment my_executable -h myhost $ /home/me/LaunchInMyEnvironment.bash: line 7: /home/bin/my_executable -h: No such file or directory myhost $ /home/me/LaunchInMyEnvironment.bash: line 7: exec: /home/bin/my_executable -h: cannot execute: No such file or directory That is, it seems like the "-h" parameter is being seen as part of the executable filename and not as a parameter... But it doesn't really make sense to me. I tried also to use $* instead of $@, but with no better outcoume. What I'm doing wrong? Andrea.

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