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• Logistics of code reuse (OOP)

  - by Ominus

  One of the driving points behind OOP is code reuse. I am curious about the actual logistics of this and how others both in team or solo handle it. For example lets say you have 5 projects you have worked on and between them you have a ton of classes that you think would be useful in other projects. How do you store them? Are they just in the normal project repository or do you break out the relevant classes and have them (as now copies) in another unique source repository that only houses code pieces that are intended to be reused? How do you go about finding or even knowing that there is a good piece of code out there that you should reuse? It's easier if your solo because you remember that you have coded something similar but even then it becomes kind of a stretch. If there is some way that you are storing these pieces of code do you then also have them indexed and searchable by tag or something. I fear that it just boils down to some tribal knowledge that you just know that for situation A i need solution B and we have a good piece of code that already can help here. A bit verbose but I hope you get what I am aiming at. If you think of a better way to make the question clearer please have at it :) TIA!

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• OOP implementation of BUFFS and Stats. Suggestion

  - by Mattia Manzo Manzati

  I am developing an MMORPG server using NodeJS. I am not sure how to implement Buffs, i mean, equipped objects or used skills have effects on the Player() which has many Stats(), some of them have a max cap... Effects can change the Stat value, increasing or decreasing it by a value, a percentage or completly rewrite the value of the stat. After a while I have decided to create a base class for buffs, which can be hidden (if they are casted from an equipped object) or shown if they came from an ability (Spell). Anyway I need suggestion how to implement it, use an array for all active buffs for a stat and have a function calculate the value of the stat affected by buffs each time I need the value of the stat or...? Other more OOP's ways to do it? I have read this What's a way to implement a flexible buff/debuff system? but this implements only a percentage system, which buffs can only say "+10%, +20%, etc...", but I would love to have an hybrid system, which can have percentage values or static values (like WoW does), and using modifiers it's hard to implement, because modifiers refers to the current value of stat :/ Thanks for suggestions :)

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• OOP Structure for web application

  - by Query

  Ok so I have a website in which users complete tasks to earn points. When they earn enough points, they rise in rank. The site from my understanding is very basic and only executes one query or two queries at most a page. There is a user table, a support ticket table, and an orders table. All of these contain a relational row for username. Our class was familiarized with OOP back in highschool with Java but that was for video games and I could grasp the concept on why you would need a class player and class enemy. However I don't understand it's web application. At least not in my situation. I understand the user class might contain stuff like: getUsername getPoints getEmail setEmail addPoints (does this belong here? OR only things the user can manipulate should be here?) etc.. But I'm at a loss with everything else such as user registration. Can you help give me a wire framework that I could wrap my head around? Pointing me to a good eBook would help greatly

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• Could this be considered a well-written class (am I using OOP correctly)?

  - by Ben Dauphinee

  I have been learning OOP principals on my own for a while, and taken a few cracks at writing classes. What I really need to know now is if I am actually using what I have learned correctly, or if I could improve as far as OOP is concerned. I have chopped a massive portion of code out of a class that I have been working on for a while now, and pasted it here. To all you skilled and knowledgeable programmers here I ask: Am I doing it wrong? class acl extends genericAPI{ // -- Copied from genericAPI class protected final function sanityCheck($what, $check, $vars){ switch($check){ case 'set': if(isset($vars[$what])){return(1);}else{return(0);} break; } } // --------------------------------- protected $db = null; protected $dataQuery = null; public function __construct(Zend_Db_Adapter_Abstract $db, $config = array()){ $this->db = $db; if(!empty($config)){$this->config = $config;} } protected function _buildQuery($selectType = null, $vars = array()){ // Removed switches for simplicity sake $this->dataQuery = $this->db->select( )->from( $this->config['table_users'], array('tf' => '(CASE WHEN count(*) > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)') )->where( $this->config['uidcol'] . ' = ?', $vars['uid'] ); } protected function _sanityRun_acl($sanitycheck, &$vars){ switch($sanitycheck){ case 'uid_set': if(!$this->sanityCheck('uid', 'set', $vars)){ throw new Exception(ERR_ACL_NOUID); } $vars['uid'] = settype($vars['uid'], 'integer'); break; } } private function user($action = null, $vars = array()){ switch($action){ case 'exists': $this->_sanityRun_acl('uid_set', $vars); $this->_buildQuery('user_exists_idcheck', $vars); return($this->db->fetchOne($this->dataQuery->__toString())); break; } } public function user_exists($uid){ return($this->user('exists', array('uid' => $uid))); } } $return = $acl_test->user_exists(1);

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• I'd like to learn a new (non-OOP) language.

  - by Erklin

  For the past few years I've been dabbling in object-oriented languages like Python and Ruby, but the OOP concept never really meshed with me. Right now, I'm eager to learn something based on a different paradigm.

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• What will be the OOP approach? (or YOUR approach?)

  - by hsmit

  I'm having difficulties with some general OOP & Java approach. There are various ways to let classes/objects communicate with each other. To give a simple example: I need object A to perform action X. Object A needs P, Q and R to perform this action X. Will then Object A retrieve P, Q and R by itself (within action X), or must these values be parameters for action X?

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• I'm still learning OOP. Any tips on staying unbiased and pragmatic?

  - by marcdev

  I keep reading about defficiencies and issues with languages. Specifically, I'm learning PHP and Javascript, but I see it everywhere. This question arose while reading Javascript: The Good Parts and PHP Objects, Patterns and Practice. While understanding and avoiding easy pitfalls, is there a way I can learn the fundamentals of OOP and discover solid programming practices without overlooking important areas (or simply becoming jaded)? I'm sure I'll have plenty of opportunity to learn from mistakes!

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• Entry / JR Php Programmer - What do I learn next?

  - by dtj

  I got very interested in programming toward the end of college. Took a few classes, but learned most everything on my own via books and such. Its mostly been Php and MySQL. Right out of school, I got a job working at a company for 2 years (web media) and ended up learning a lot of stuff and programming some things for them. I am no longer at that company but I am looking for my next steps as a programmer. I really enjoy Web Development and Php and MySQL seems to be my thing. Basically, I know how to do CRUD operations, i am mediocre at OOP and still have more to learn, I know HTML and CSS quite well, I know my way around a Unix terminal and can access MySQL through it and set up cron jobs and such. I know some basic Javascript. Whats a good next step? I don't anything about 3rd party services, PDO, APIs (twitter, facebook, etc), Drupal / Joomla, Unit Testing, E-Commerce, PECL, PEAR ....in other words A LOT I get easily overwhelmed by the amount of stuff there is to learn, so I'm sort of trying to find a path. Right now, I'm digging into OOP more, as that seems like a good conceptual first-step. Any suggestions?

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• Designing a Database Application with OOP

  - by Tim C

  I often develop SQL database applications using Linq, and my methodology is to build model classes to represent each table, and each table that needs inserting or updating gets a Save() method (which either does an InsertOnSubmit() or SubmitChanges(), depending on the state of the object). Often, when I need to represent a collection of records, I'll create a class that inherits from a List-like object of the atomic class. ex. public class CustomerCollection : CoreCollection<Customer> { } Recently, I was working on an application where end-users were experiencing slowness, where each of the objects needed to be saved to the database if they met a certain criteria. My Save() method was slow, presumably because I was making all kinds of round-trips to the server, and calling DataContext.SubmitChanges() after each atomic save. So, the code might have looked something like this foreach(Customer c in customerCollection) { if(c.ShouldSave()) { c.Save(); } } I worked through multiple strategies to optimize, but ultimately settled on passing a big string of data to a SQL stored procedure, where the string has all the data that represents the records I was working with - it might look something like this: CustomerID:34567;CurrentAddress:23 3rd St;CustomerID:23456;CurrentAddress:123 4th St So, SQL server parses the string, performs the logic to determine appropriateness of save, and then Inserts, Updates, or Ignores. With C#/Linq doing this work, it saved 5-10 records / s. When SQL does it, I get 100 records / s, so there is no denying the Stored Proc is more efficient; however, I hate the solution because it doesn't seem nearly as clean or safe. My real concern is that I don't have any better solutions that hold a candle to the performance of the stored proc solution. Am I doing something obviously wrong in how I'm thinking about designing database applications? Are there better ways of designing database applications?

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• Very simple OOP question

  - by Mosty Mostacho

  I was creating and discussing a class diagram with a partner of mine. To simplify things, I've modify the real domain we're working on and made up the following diagram: Basically, a company works on constructions that are quite different one from each other but are still constructions. Note I've added one field for each class but there should be many more. Now, I thought this was the way to go but my partner told me that if in the future new construction classes appear we would have to modify the Company class, which is correct. So the new proposed class diagram would be this: Now I've been wondering: Should the fact that in no place of the application will there be mixed lists of planes and bridges affect the design in any way? When we have to list only planes for a company, how are we supposed to distinguish them from the other elements in the list without checking for their class names? Related to the previous question, is it correct to assume that this type of diagram should be high-level and this is something it shouldn't matter at this stage but rather be thought and decided at implementation time? Any comment will be appreciated.

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• OOP private method parameters coding style

  - by Jake

  After coding for many years as a solo programmer, I have come to feel that most of the time there are many benefits to write private member functions with all of the used member variables included in the parameter list, especially development stage. This allow me to check at one look what member variables are used and also allow me to supply other values for tests and debugging. Also, a change in code by removing a particular member variable can break many functions. In this case however, the private function remains isolated am I can still call it using other values without fixing the function. Is this a bad idea afterall, especially in a team environment? Is it like redundant or confusing, or are there better ways?

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• OOP Design: relationship between entity classes

  - by beginner_

  I have at first sight a simple issue but can't wrap my head around on how to solve. I have an abstract class Compound. A Compound is made up of Structures. Then there is also a Container which holds 1 Compound. A "special" implementation of Compound has Versions. For that type of Compound I want the Container to hold the Versionof the Compound and not the Compound itself. You could say "just create an interface Containable" and a Container holds 1 Containable. However that won't work. The reason is I'm creating a framework and the main part of that framework is to simplify storing and especially searching for special data type held by Structure objects. Hence to search for Containers which contain a Compound made up of a specific Structure requires that the "Path" from Containerto Structure is well defined (Number of relationships or joins). I hope this was understandable. My question is how to design the classes and relationships to be able to do what I outlined.

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• Which paradigm to use for writing chess engine?

  - by poke

  If you were going to write a chess game engine, what programming paradigm would you use (OOP, procedural, etc) and why whould you choose it ? By chess engine, I mean the portion of a program that evaluates the current board and decides the computer's next move. I'm asking because I thought it might be fun to write a chess engine. Then it occured to me that I could use it as a project for learning functional programming. Then it occured to me that some problems aren't well suited to the functional paradigm. Then it occured to me that this might be good discussion fodder.

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• What is Object Oriented Programming ill-suited for?

  - by LeguRi

  In Martin Fowler's book Refactoring, Fowler speaks of how when developers learn something new, they don't consider when it's inappropriate for the job: Ten years ago it was like that with objects. If someone asked me when not to use objects, it was hard to answer. [...] It was just that I didn't know what those limitations were, although I knew what the benefits were. Reading this, it occurred to me I don't know what the limitations or potential disadvantages of Object-Oriented Programming are. What are the limitations of Object Oriented Programming? When should one look at a project and think "OOP is not best suited for this"?

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• Method chaining vs encapsulation

  - by Oak

  There is the classic OOP problem of method chaining vs "single-access-point" methods: main.getA().getB().getC().transmogrify(x, y) vs main.getA().transmogrifyMyC(x, y) The first seems to have the advantage that each class is only responsible for a smaller set of operations, and makes everything a lot more modular - adding a method to C doesn't require any effort in A, B or C to expose it. The downside, of course, is weaker encapsulation, which the second code solves. Now A has control of every method that passes through it, and can delegate it to its fields if it wants to. I realize there's no single solution and it of course depends on context, but I would really like to hear some input about other important differences between the two styles, and under what circumstances should I prefer either of them - because right now, when I try to design some code, I feel like I'm just not using the arguments to decide one way or the other.

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• Why does the use of interface-based programming appear to be limited to behaviour?

  - by Carnotaurus

  I have been doing a little thinking about inheritance vs. realization vs. composition. I am not about to post the whole detail here. So I was wondering, when are not talking about supporting unit testing: Why does interface-based programming seem to focus upon the grouping of common behaviour, e.g., IPettable (for an animal), IEditable (for a user control), ISubmitable (for a form), etc. Why does the use of interface-based programming appear to be limited to behaviour when we could pragmatically group not so much on behaviour but on commonsense physical similarities which could have nothing to do with behaviour? It is not that there is some limiting feature within OOP; so how come?

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• What was the thinking behind the development of Object Oriented Programming?

  - by leeand00

  I've got some real nay-sayers on my hands here, and I'm trying to give them the reason why OOP was developed in the first place. I realize that OOP is not perfect for all problems and situations, but it was developed for a reason... My guess would be, that a few of those reasons would be: Maintainability Re-usability Document-ability Abstraction of Complex Technologies Dynamic Extension at Runtime... Probably some things that I'm not even aware of yet... But I really don't have much to back this up, and I was wondering why OOP was developed in the first place, and it's history. What were the people who developed OOP trying to accomplish? What led them to develop OOP?

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• beginning oop php question: do constructors take the place of getter?

  - by Joel

  I'm working through this tutorial: http://www.killerphp.com/tutorials/object-oriented-php/php-objects-page-3.php At first he has you create a setter and getter method in the class: <?php class person{ var $name; function set_name($new_name){ $this->name=$new_name; } function get_name(){ return $this->name; } } php?> And then you create the object and echo the results: <?php $stefan = new person(); $jimmy = new person(); $stefan ->set_name("Stefan Mischook"); $jimmy ->set_name("Nick Waddles"); echo "The first Object name is: ".$stefan->get_name(); echo "The second Object name is: ".$jimmy->get_name(); ?> Works as expected, and I understand. Then he introduces constructors: class person{ var $name; function __construct($persons_name) { $this->name = $persons_name; } function set_name($new_name){ $this->name=$new_name; } function get_name(){ return $this->name; } } And returns like so: <?php $joel = new person("Joel"); echo "The third Object name is: ".$joel->get_name(); ?> This is all fine and makes sense. Then I tried to combine the two and got an error, so I'm curious-is a constructor always taking the place of a "get" function? If you have a constructor, do you always need to include an argument when creating an object? Gives errors: <?php $stefan = new person(); $jimmy = new person(); $joel = new person("Joel Laviolette"); $stefan ->set_name("Stefan Mischook"); $jimmy ->set_name("Nick Waddles"); echo "The first Object name is: ".$stefan->get_name(); echo "The second Object name is: ".$jimmy->get_name(); echo "The third Object name is: ".$joel->get_name(); ?>

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• What are some design patterns that you know of for PHP OOP?

  - by Doug

  I recently learned a lot about MVC design pattern which is a very interesting concept. I would assume there are a lot more design patterns out there, and I thought it would be great for people to share some. Here's my contribution, MVC design pattern: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller

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• OOP: how much program logic should be encapsulated within related objects/classes as methods?

  - by Andrew

  I have a simple program which can have an admin user or just a normal user. The program also has two classes: for UserAccount and AdminAccount. The things an admin will need to do (use cases) include Add_Account, Remove_Account, and so on. My question is, should I try to encapsulate these use-cases into the objects? Only someone who is an Admin, logged in with an AdminAccount, should be able to add and remove other accounts. I could have a class-less Sub-procedure that adds new UserAccount objects to the system and is called when an admin presses the 'Add Account' button. Alternatively, I could place that procedure as a method inside the AdminAccount object, and have the button event execute some code like 'Admin.AddUser(name, password).' I'm more inclined to go with the first option, but I'm not sure how far this OO business is supposed to go.

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• What are some models that you know of for PHP OOP?

  - by Doug

  I recently learned a lot about MVC model which is a very interesting concept. I would assume there are a lot more models out there, and I thought it would be great for people to share some models. Here's my contribution: MVC Model: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller

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• How do I implement multiple kinds of an object in OOP?

  - by Jeremy Rudd

  I have multiple kinds of an object, say Car for example. Do I have each kind in an inherited class/subclass of Car? Do I place these under a cartype namespace so as not to mess up the main namespace? Then later when I need an array of cars, should I declare it as var currentCars():Car or var currentCars():Object? Would the former support any subclass of Car?

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• I'm new to OOP/PHP. What's the practicality of visibility and extensibility in classes?

  - by marcdev

  I'm obviously brand new to these concepts. I just don't understand why you would limit access to properties or methods. It seems that you would just write the code according to intended results. Why would you create a private method instead of simply not calling that method? Is it for iterative object creation (if I'm stating that correctly), a multiple developer situation (don't mess up other people's work), or just so you don't mess up your own work accidentally?

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• What OOP pattern to use when only adding new methods, not data?

  - by Jonathon Reinhart

  Hello eveyone... In my app, I have deal with several different "parameters", which derive from IParameter interface, and also ParamBase abstract base class. I currently have two different parameter types, call them FooParameter and BarParameter, which both derive from ParamBase. Obviously, I can treat them both as IParameters when I need to deal with them generically, or detect their specific type when I need to handle their specific functionality. My question lies in specific FooParameters. I currently have a few specific ones with their own classes which derive from FooParameter, we'll call them FP12, FP13, FP14, etc. These all have certain characteristics, which make me treat them differently in the UI. (Most have names associated with the individual bits, or ranges of bits). Note that these specific, derived FP's have no additional data associated with them, only properties (which refer to the same data in different ways) or methods. Now, I'd like to keep all of these parameters in a Dictionary<String, IParameter> for easy generic access. The problem is, if I want to refer to a specific one with the special GUI functions, I can't write: FP12 fp12 = (FP12)paramList["FP12"] because you can't downcast to a derived type (rightfully so). But in my case, I didn't add any data, so the cast would theoretically work. What type of programming model should I be using instead? Thanks!

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• PHP OOP Design Patterns: Should I Create two seperate classes for registration and form validation?

  - by Joshua Poshua

  So here's my problem: I have two types of registration, registration A and registration B, each will have some of the same fields and some different fields. I was going to create abstract class registration and both A and B would have their own classes that extend from registration. My question is, should I create a seperate Validation class with seperate A and B validation classes that extend? or is there a better pattern to use for something like this? Thanks

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