This is a Canonical Question about IPv4 Subnets
How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself.
What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete?
If I have a network, how do I figure
out how to split it up?
If I am given a netmask, how do I
know what the network Range is for
it?
Sometimes there is a slash followed
by a number, what is that number?
Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different?
Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this?
What is NAT (Network Address Translation).