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  • NVRAM for journals on Linux?

    - by symcbean
    I've been thinking about ways of speeding up disk I/O, and one of the bottlenecks I keep coming back to is the journal. There's an obvious benefit to using an SSD for the journal - over and above just write caching unless of course I just disable the journal with the write cache (after all devicemapper doesn't seem to support barriers). In order to get the benefits from using a BB write cache on the controller, then I'd need to disable journalling - but then the OS should try to fsck the system after an outage. Of course if the OS knows what's in the batter-backed memory then it could use it as the journal - but that means it must be exposed as a block device and only be under the control of the operating system. However I've not been able to find a suitable low-cost device (no, write-levelling for Flash is not adequate for a journal, at least one which uses Smartmedia). While there's no end of flash devices, disk/array controllers with BB write caches, so far I've not found anything which just gives me non-volatile memory addressable as a block storage device.

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  • PuTTY/SSH: How to Prevent Auto-Logout?

    - by feklee
    My ISP's SSH server (Debian 2.0) logs me out after 35 minutes of inactivity, when connected with PuTTY (Windows XP). This is a big problem when I utilize the server for port-forwarding. The final messages displayed in the terminal: This terminal has been idle 30 minutes. If it remains idle for 5 more minutes it will be logged out by the system. Logged out by the system. PuTTY options that do not help: Sending of null packets to keep session active. Seconds between keepalives (0 to turn off): 30 [x] Enable TCP keepalives (SO_KEEPALIVE option) Any idea how to avoid the auto-log-out? Should I try another SSH client?

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  • Basic questions about network topologies

    - by laoshanlung
    I have just started learning about network topologies, but there are a lot of confusion about different types of network topologies i have learnt so far. First of all, BUS topology. If i have like 100 PCs in the same wire connected using BUS topology, and the network connection speed is 100Mbps, then each PC will have a connection of 1Mbps, right ? With the same scenario, if i connect those 100 PCs using STAR topology, then each PC will have a connection of 100Mbps ? Then with the TREE topology, i divide the system into 10 sub-system (10 tree branches) , each branch has 10 PCs, then i will have other 10 small "BUS-topology" networks each one will have a connection of 10Mbps and therefore each PC will also have 10Mbps ? And the last one is RING topology, 100 PCs, each PC will have 100Mbps connection ?

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  • Which is generally considered faster or best practice: symlinks or Apache aliases?

    - by Christopher W. Allen-Poole
    I'm curious as to what most people's views are on this subject. Personally, I will almost always prefer symlinks unless I have no other option -- I find that it is far more obvious when someone is navigating the file system, but, on the other hand aliasing is more platform independent. Windows XP, for example, doesn't have anything remotely comparable to symlinks (NTFS junctions are not interpreted correctly by at least some environments), which means that anything which relies on symlinks in a *nix based system cannot be transferred. (I know that Windows 64x OS's have symlinks, but I've not seen if they can be read correctly by the environments previously mentioned) In addition to this, I was also wondering which is considered faster. Is this even possible to know? Do you have a conjecture? I would imagine that since symlinks are generally more low-level than Apache it would make sense that they would be referenced faster, but, on the other hand, I would guess that Apache is required to do a lookup in either case so it would be disk read dependent.

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  • Disk image of a Windows 2000 NTFS hard drive

    - by Federico
    Hi, I need to create a disk image from a Windows 2000, NTFS formatted, hard drive. This image has to be used to create backup hard drives to replace the original disk in case an emergency situation arises. This is a medical equipment, so I cannot physically disconnect the disk because I would violate the warranty of the equipment. This machine has a DVD R/W, ethernet and USB 2.0 access, and we have the rights to install any application I want in the Windows 2000 system. 1) Is there any way to do this without installing any new software in the Windows 2000 system, so it is the least invasive as possible? 2) If we have to install a software to do the backup, which software do you recommend? Any hint will be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, Federico

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  • No login prompt displayed after updating Ubuntu 10.04, broken gdm

    - by cliff
    So here's what happens: I updated my system the other day, was prompted for a reboot for the update to complete but was in the middle of working so I delayed it until after I was done. I reboot and it's broken :(. It appears to boot normally, with the following exceptions: The purple Ubuntu load screen no longer displays (though it did for the first couple of times I tried to get in). I hear the login prompt sound, but no login prompt appears. Nor is it simply "invisible" - pressing enter, typing my password, and pressing enter again do nothing. Normally my Bluetooth mouse is functional at this point, but it is not. GRUB displays recovery options for my current kernel, and for an older one (2.6.32-24). Trying to boot into .32-24 gives me an error saying "udevadm can't do something while udev is not configured". So I try solutions listed here: http://superuser.com/questions/195786/ubuntu-update-went-wrong-pc-doesnt-boot-how-can-i-repair-it Nothing I tried seemed to work, and after further Googling my hunch is that it's a problem with gdm. Please correct me if I'm wrong, I don't know all that much about how Linux/Ubuntu systems work just yet. Things I'm able to do: Boot to a live CD Ctrl-Alt-F2 after that login sound plays brings me to a console login, which I can successfully do (it's how I tried the solutions above). This works only under the current kernel. A hack I'd be willing to explore is removing the login prompt from the console, but I'd prefer to "simply" fix what's wrong. Like that guy, I need to repair the system rather than reinstall. System: Dell Inspiron 1525 Core 2 Duo Proprietary Driver for Broadcom 43xx wireless Dual-boot with Windows 7 (which is how I'm posting this, unfortunately I only have this machine and any experimenting requires constant reboots into Windows/brokenbuntu) Last package installed was Moonlight, but it appeared to install properly. Kernel: 2.6.32-25 Edit: After working with Karl's suggestions, it seems that the problem is with gdm. Error exit status 245 when attempting to sudo apt-get install --reinstall gdm, also an error processing gdm when running sudo apt-get -f install. How do I reinstall or repair gdm so that I can get back into my machine?

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  • CHKDSK always runs on Hyper-V image

    - by Dave
    I am having a problem with one of my VM's. Every time it boots, CHKDSK runs and finds no errors, but it goes into an endless loop (CHKDSK/Reboot/CHKDSK). The only way I can get Windows to boot is by cancelling the chkdsk. Is there any way I can tell windows to not do it? What do you guys suggest? Can't redo server. I guess it's also fair to say I get the following errors in Event Viewer "The file system structure on the disk is corrupt and unusable. Please run the chkdsk utility on the volume \Device\HarddiskVolume2" "The file system structure on the disk is corrupt and unusable. Please run the chkdsk utility on the volume C:\" I only have 1 VHD attached, not sure what Volume 2 is. Thanks!

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  • Reasonable Location to Install Web Service on Server

    - by Mr. Disappointment
    Firstly, I'm a software developer and not qualified as any kind of system or server expert so I'm looking for advice in order to help me prevent faults on our server. I've written a modular system to carry out certain tasks for us autonomously to prevent us from writing the same old code over and over again. This consists of a Windows Service (.NET), a Web Service (WCF), a shared Class Library, and a Database which will run on a Windows Server 2003. The problem comes, for me, in deployment. Specifically the web service - naturally the local service (and required shared library) are persisted (by default and convention) in the Program Files folder, but storing the web service here just seems absurd to me (even though we'd lock it down to appropriate use only). Should the files be stored some place else all together? Or split them up and store the web service elsewhere?

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  • ruby on rails gitorious setup on ubuntu

    - by dogmatic69
    Ive been trying to install gitorious for a while now which required ruby and rails etc. Ive finally got rails pages serving but cant finish the installation of gitorious because the gem version is too new. the error logs say please run 'rake ultrasphinx:configure' and that gives rake ultrasphinx:configure (in /var/www/apps/gitorious) rake aborted! uninitialized constant ActiveSupport::Dependencies::Mutex /var/www/apps/gitorious/Rakefile:10:in `require' (See full trace by running task with --trace) From searching google this is beacuse of the wrong gem verison. Cant find a way to down grade it. apparently sudo gem update --system 1.4.2 should do the trick but ubuntu 10.10 does not like this. ERROR: While executing gem ... (RuntimeError) gem update --system is disabled on Debian, because it will overwrite the content of the rubygems Debian package, and might break your Debian system in subtle ways. The Debian-supported way to update rubygems is through apt-get, using Debian official repositories. If you really know what you are doing, you can still update rubygems by setting the REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM environment variable, but please remember that this is completely unsupported by Debian. So i added export REALLY_GEM_UPDATE_SYSTEM=1 to .bashrc and reloaded it with . ~/.bashrc and still the same. ive tried various forms of setting this environmental variable with no luck. Ive also been told on #gitorious irc channel to add the file config/initializers/rubygems.rb with the line require "thread" to it. This has done nothing. EDIT: Just found another way which was rvm install rubygems 1.4.2 and it gave: Removing old Rubygems files... Installing rubygems dedicated to ruby-1.8.7-p334... Retrieving rubygems-1.4.2 % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 288k 100 288k 0 0 282k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 414k Extracting rubygems-1.4.2 ... Installing rubygems for /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby ERROR: Error running 'GEM_PATH="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global:/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334@global" GEM_HOME="/home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.8.7-p334" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.8.7-p334/bin/ruby" "/home/ubuntu/.rvm/src/rubygems-1.4.2/setup.rb"', please read /home/ubuntu/.rvm/log/ruby-1.8.7-p334/rubygems.install.log WARN: Installation of rubygems did not complete successfully. TL;DR please tell me how to downgrade rubygems on ubuntu 10.10 or upgrade gitorious to work with 1.6.2 gems

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  • Best RAID setup for multimedia fileserver?

    - by Mr. Schwabe
    I'm building a fileserver for my small office. We do film and multimedia design. Only 3 clients connected. The server is primarily for local access to graphic assets and video files. I'm looking for advice on hardware and software required. Particularly for the RAID. I have the following objectives: A) merged capacity I'd like all other systems to access the data as a single mapped network drive that has an initial capacity of 10 TB. So perhaps 5x 2TB drives (plus mirror drives for redundancy). B) easy way to increase capacity Thinking long term, I'd like to 'easily' add more drives to the array for a potential two or three fold increase in capacity. So theoretically it could get upto a 30 TB raid array consisting of maybe 15x 2 TB drives of capacity (plus mirror drives for redundancy). C) maximum fault tolerance I want at least 1 mirror drive per capacity drive (in laymen's terms). So if I start with 10 TB / 5x 2TB of capacity, I suppose I would need another another 5x 2TB drives to be mirrors. So 10 drives total. But I'd also like potential for even more redundancy; with upto 2 additional mirrors per 'capacity drive' (and to be able to add them to the array anytime with ease). D) easy way to monitor drive health I'd like an intuitive interface for managing the raid and monitoring drive health The other systems accessing this network drive will be running Windows, but also the odd Ubuntu and MacOS system as well. Are these objectives attainable? What type of RAID setup do you recommend? What hardware will be required? Also what OS do you think this system should be running? Does it really matter? I'm no network admin - just a long time Windoze user, without much Linux experience. That said, I'm not opposed to a Linux solution if it's easy enough and more practical than a Windows OS for this server. Or maybe something such as Openfiler. Budget should hit the sweet spot for value and performance (hence my preference to use 2TB drives). The biggest focus is storage; aside from that the system just needs to keep the drives running optimally with perhaps 2 or 3 clients accessing / writing files at any given time. The hardware quote would start with something like 10x 2TB WD Caviar Blacks; about $1900 for the storage + $x for remaining parts. http://ncix.com/products/index.php?sku=42775&vpn=WD2001FASS&manufacture=Western%20Digital%20WD Your advice is appreciated, thanks!

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  • nginx configuration for URL URI paths

    - by hachiari
    I want to switch my webserver from apache to nginx however I have difficulties in converting my current htaccess to nginx configuration the conditions that I need: I want everything to be like apache, it can read file such as js, css, jpg, png ,etc I am currently using CodeIgniter PHP frameword, it uses the URI system thingy... So my htaccess configuration for CodeIgniter URI is: RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^system.* RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www.domain.tld [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ hxtp://domain.tld/$1 [L,R=301] I am also using minify to compress my css and js files, so the way I call my css and js is like: hxtp://domain.tld/?=css hxtp://domain.tld/?=js I tried some configurations from the net, but I could only solve problem no 2 Thank You

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  • How to set CHKDSK for drive C: in Windows 7

    - by prashanth
    I recently got a 0xc000007b error whenever I tried to run some application software. I found that CHKDSK for C drive might be a solution. When I tried to do it from C drive properties, it said the drive was in use and asked to schedule CHKDSK at the next reboot. I clicked OK. When I restart, I experience a BSOD. I waited for 10 minutes but still nothing happens. So I forced a shutdown (laptop) and again booted up the computer and got a BSOD for just 5 or 10 seconds and system boots and works with no problem. I repeated all these steps four or four times and yet with the same results. Is there any other way other than CHKDSK to solve the 0xc000007b error? If not, why is CHKDSK not working at boot up? Can I force CHKDSK on drive C: to perform while the system is on? Platform: Windows 7 64-bit.

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  • How can I make gitosis distinguish between two users with the same username

    - by bryan kennedy
    I have a gitosis system that seems to be working correctly except for a common problem we run into where I can't distingush permissions between two users who have the same username, but different hosts. For example: [email protected] 's SSH key is in the key folder. And so is [email protected] 's SSH is also in the key folder. These two jsmith's are two different people on two different computers. However, when I configure them in the gitosis.conf file with the usernames jsmith@computer or jsmith@machine, it seems like each user just gets the same permission. Can gitosis not distinguish the full username (name and host)? If not, how do I deal with multiple users accessing our system with common usernames? Thanks for any help.

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  • What is the impact of Windows 8 with UEFI on normal users?

    - by Sam
    I am a normal man-in-the-street computer user and so do not really understand what this is about, but I want to. Can someone please explain to me if: The Windows 8/UEFI secure boot thing will make it impossible to run normal/legacy applications in Windows 8 (as they will be unsigned)? It will turn Windows into an Apple-like system where only Microsoft approved applications can be run? As I say, I'm a normal user, and that is the overall impression I have from reading all the blogs, etc about it. If, on the other hand, all it does is make sure the system is booting a signed OS, how does this prevent malware (which is what at least two Microsoft blogs that I read seemed to be saying), given that most malware is not part of the boot process? The only way I can see this making sense is if it is ensuring that all OS components are signed. Is that it? Like I say, I'm a mortal, so please don't get technical on me, but rather explain how it will affect me, the user.

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  • Nagios Check_hpjd giving me problems!

    - by Mister IT Guru
    When I run the following [root@host plugins]# ./check_hpjd -H printer1.mydomain.com : Timeout from host printer1.mydomain.com I have Net-snmp installed on my system, I noted that i didn't have net-snmp-utils installed, and then I was able to run [root@host plugins]# snmpwalk -Os -c public -v 1 printer1.mydomain.com system sysDescr.0 = STRING: HP ETHERNET MULTI-ENVIRONMENT sysObjectID.0 = OID: enterprises.11.2.3.9.1 sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (325408663) 37 days, 15:54:46.63 sysContact.0 = STRING: sysName.0 = STRING: printer1 sysLocation.0 = STRING: sysServices.0 = INTEGER: 72 So I know that the printer is working as expected, (as far as SNMP is concerned). But when I run [root@host plugins]# ./check_hpjd -H printer1.mydomain.com -C public Error in packet () I get this error - From what I've tried so far, I know my host can communicate via SNMP, I know the printer responds via SNMP, so I guess I'm left to look at the plug-in, which I will be checking up on. I'm new to SNMP, I am investigating this with my good friend Google search, but I am on a learning curve here, so please forgive my questions if they sound stupid,

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  • Why do my Application Compatibility Toolkit Data Collectors fail to write to my ACT Log Share?

    - by Jay Michaud
    I am trying to get the Microsoft Application Compatibility Toolkit 5.6 (version 5.6.7320.0) to work, but I cannot get the Data Collectors to write to the ACT Log Share. The configuration is as follows. Machine: ACT-Server Domain: mydomain.example.com OS: Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit Edition Windows Firewall configuration: File and Printer Sharing (SMB-In) is enabled for Public, Domain, and Private networks ACT Log Share: ACT Share permissions*: Group/user names Allow permissions --------------------------------------- Everyone Full Control Administrator Full Control Domain Admins Full Control Administrators Full Control ANONYMOUS LOGON Full Control Folder permissions*: Group/user name Allow permissions Apply to ------------------------------------------------- ANONYMOUS LOGON Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Domain Admins Full control This folder, subfolders, and files Everyone Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Administrators Full control This folder, subfolders, and files CREATOR OWNER Full control Subfolders and files SYSTEM Full control This folder, subfolders, and files INTERACTIVE Traverse folder / This folder, subfolders, and files execute file, List folder / read data, Read attributes, Read extended attributes, Create files / write data, Create folders / append data, Write attributes, Write extended attributes, Delete subfolders and files, Delete, Read permissions SERVICE (same as INTERACTIVE) BATCH (same as INTERACTIVE) *I am fully aware that these permissions are excessive, but that is beside the point of this question. Some of the clients running the Data Collector are domain members, but some are not. I am working under the assumption that this is a Windows file sharing permission issue or a network access policy issue, but of course, I could be wrong. It is my understanding that the Data Collector runs in the security context of the SYSTEM account, which for domain members appears on the network as MYDOMAIN\machineaccount. It is also my understanding from reading numerous pieces of documentation that setting the ANONYMOUS LOGON permissions as I have above should allow these computer accounts and non-domain-joined computers to access the share. To test connectivity, I set up the Windows XP Mode virtual machine (VM) on ACT-Server. In the VM, I opened a command prompt running as SYSTEM (using the old "at" command trick). I used this command prompt to run explorer.exe. In this Windows Explorer instance, I typed \ACT-Server\ACT into the address bar, and then I was prompted for logon credentials. The goal, though, was not to be prompted. I also used the "net use /delete" command in the command prompt window to delete connections to the ACT-Server\IPC$ share each time my connection attempt failed. I have made sure that the appropriate exceptions are Since ACT-Server is a domain member, the "Network access: Sharing and security model for local accounts" security policy is set to "Classic - local users authenticate as themselves". In spite of this, I still tried enabling the Guest account and adding permissions for it on the share to no effect. What am I missing here? How do I allow anonymous logons to a shared folder as a step toward getting my ACT Data Collectors to deposit their data correctly? Am I even on the right track, or is the issue elsewhere?

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  • weird postgresql log entries

    - by hyperboreean
    I am trying to figure out why I get some weird entries in my postgresql log after I do a restart: 2010-05-14 11:30:25 EEST LOG: database system was shut down at 2010-05-14 11:30:22 EEST 2010-05-14 11:30:25 EEST LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2010-05-14 11:30:25 EEST LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2010-05-14 11:30:25 EEST LOG: incomplete startup packet 2010-05-14 11:30:40 EEST WARNING: there is already a transaction in progress 2010-05-14 11:30:40 EEST LOG: could not receive data from client: Connection reset by peer 2010-05-14 11:30:40 EEST LOG: unexpected EOF on client connection First, there's the 2010-05-14 11:30:25 EEST LOG: incomplete startup packet which bugs me. Anyone has any idea why this happens? And also, this one is very strange: 2010-05-14 11:30:40 EEST WARNING: there is already a transaction in progress ...

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  • In what way does non-"full n-key rollover" hinder fast typists?

    - by Michael Kjörling
    Wikipedia claims (although the latter claim does not cite a source) that: High-end keyboards that provide full n-key rollover typically do so via a PS/2 interface as the USB mode most often used by operating systems has a maximum of only six keys plus modifiers that can be pressed at the same time.[4] This hinders fast typists, ... In what way would the system being able to recognize only six non-modifier keys at once hinder a fast typist? I consider myself a relatively fast typist and I usually press one key, plus modifiers, at once; I can't imagine any real-life situation in which the system only recognizing six non-modifier keys being pressed at once has been a limiting factor in my keyboard usage. (Multi-stroke keyboard shortcuts as used by high-end software like Visual Studio, Emacs and the like are a different matter.) Note that I am not really interested in answers centered around multiplayer computer games; I'm looking for answers that give reasons that would be relevant to typists, somehow supporting the statement made on Wikipedia.

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  • How to forward UDP and TCP traffic from one IP to another

    - by Rishabh Agnihotri
    Well i have a server with two LAN Card Installed.I have a server in U.S and one in India.I have created a GRE tunnel to route all traffic from U.S Server to my Indian Server.My Traffic has UDP,TCP,HTTP,etc Traffic.Now i have two LAN Card on my Indian Server.Well i have configured two IPs on the system for some of my needs on the system.One is a /30 and another is a /24.Well now i want the /30 IP to talk to my /24 IP.Lets take a e.g the IPs are 180.151.130.34 - /30 and 103.243.19.254 -/24 I want to forward all the TCP,UDP,HTTP,etc like traffic coming to 180.151.130.34 to 103.243.19.254.In the sense i want to make them talk to each other in a way if a TCP/UDP Packet comes to 180.151.130.34 it should be forwarded to 103.243.19.254 and then that packet is sent back by 103.243.19.254 to 180.151.130.34.I am not able to configure this part.Can anyone tell me step by step how to do so? Well i forgot to specify i am using Windows Server 2008. Any help would be greatly appreciated.Thanks in advance.

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  • Partition table correpted in windows 7 machine as simple dynamic partition

    - by raki
    I have Windows 7 installed in my system. When I originally partitioned it I made 3 partitions and 16 gb space as unallocated. Later I tried to create a partition using this free space using diskmanagement tool. It shows free space as unusabe space and the only one option available is to make it as a simple partition. Unfortunately I made it as simple partition and all my partitions converted to simple dynamic partition. Now after reboot the OS is not loading. I tried to reinstall the OS by formatting the C drive, but it doesn't work. Now I can't load the OS properly. How can I install Windows 7 on my system without losing my data on the other two drives?

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  • Does anyone provide a Skype connection service?

    - by Runc
    Is there a way of offering Skype access to incoming calls while keeping all telephony traffic over our chosen business telephony provision? Is there a 3rd party who can route incoming Skype calls to our telephone system? The business has had requests from contacts wanting to call us via Skype, but we want to keep all telephony via our PBX and phone lines as our geographic location limits our available internet bandwidth. We also prevent installation of non-standard applications on desktops and do not want to add Skype to our build. I was wondering if there were any 3rd parties that provide a connection service that would allow our contacts to call via Skype and us receive the calls via our phone system.

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  • Bad disks in ancient server

    - by Joel Coel
    I have a 1998-era Netware 3.12 server that runs everything on our campus: general ledger, purchasing, payroll, student information, grades, you name it. The server has an Adaptec RAID controller with two volumes: RAID 1, 2 17GB scsi disks, Seagate ST318417W RAID 5, 3 4GB scsi disks, 2 Seagate ST34573W and 1 ST34572W. We are currently in the early stages of a project to replace this system, but you don't just jump into a new system like that and so I need to keep this server running until at least November 2011. This week we had not one but two hard drives fail. Thankfully they are from different volumes and we're able to keep running for the moment, but given the close nature of these failures I have serious doubts that I'll be able to avoid catastrophic failure from this server through the November target as is without restoring the RAID redundancy — it'll only take one more drive failure anywhere and I'm completely hosed. We are fortunate enough to have exact match "spares" lying around for both drives, but the spares are in unknown condition. I tried swapping just them in, but the RAID controller isn't smart enough to handle this and it renders the system unbootable. As for the RAID controller itself, there is utility I can get into during POST via a Ctrl-A shortcut, but I can't do much useful from there. To actually manage volumes I must first boot in to Netware, at which point I can use CI/O Array Management Software Version 2.0 to actually look at volume information. I suspect that the normal way to manage things is to boot from a special floppy with the controller software on it, but that floppy is long gone. Going through the options in the RAID software, I think the only supported way to replace a disk in an existing RAID volume is to physically add the disk, boot up and configure it as a "spare" for a volume, force the volume to use the spare to replace an existing down disk (and at this point I'm only guessing) so that the down disk becomes the spare, repair the volume, remove the spare from the volume, and then shut down and remove the disk. Then start all over for the other failed disk. All this amounts to a lot of downtime, assuming I can even make it work and that my spares are any good. As for finding reliable spares, I have no clue where to even begin looking to find a new 4GB scsi drive, or even which exact scsi system I'm looking for, as it's gone through a few different iterations over time. Another option is to migrate this to a virtual machine (hyper-v), but all previous attempts we've made in this area have failed to get very far. When this machine was installed I was just graduating from high school, and so it requires lower level knowledge of netware and dos than I ever developed, or if I did have since forgotten (I'm not exactly a dos neophyte, either). Part of my problem is this is a high-use server, and taking it down for a few days to figure things out isn't gonna fly very well. As for the question, I'm looking for anything that might be helpful in this situation: a recommendation on a place to find good spares from this era, personal experience repairing RAID volumes using a similar controller or building a hyper-v vm from an old netware server, a line on a floppy with better software for the RAID controller, recommendation on a good Novell consultant in Nebraska that would be able to put things right, a whole other option I haven't considered yet, etc. Update: For backups, we have good (recently verified via restore) backups of the data only -- nothing for the software that actually runs things. Update 2: Just a progress report that I currently have a working Netware 3.12 install in VMWare Virtual Server 2.0, thanks largely to the guide I found here: http://cerbulescubogdan.blogspot.com/2010/11/novell-netware-312-on-vmware.html The next steps are preparing empty netware volumes to match the additional volumes on my existing server, taking a dump of everything on the C:\ drive and netware volumes on my existing server, and figuring out from that information what modules need added to netware, installing my licenses (we do still have that disk, if it's any good), and moving data over. I have approval to bring the server down for a week after the first of the year (sadly not before), so, aside from creating empty volumes, the rest of the work will have to wait until then. Final Update (Jan 5, 2011): I was able to get spares working in both raid arrays without data loss this week. Both are now listed by the controller as "FAULT TOLLERANT" (yay!). I was also able to build on the progress from my last update and now have a functional "spare" server in VMWare Server 2.0. The spare can run and use our erp software, but I can't put it into production because I can't (yet) print from that box (and I have no idea why). Even so, this VM will do in a pinch if I have no other choice, and between it and the repaired RAID arrays I'm comfortable pushing on until I can junk the machine in November.

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